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Uluslararası Osmanlı Döneminde Maraş Sempozyumu III. Cilt

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Uluslararası Osmanlı Döneminde Maraş Sempozyumu III. Cilt Editör Cevdet Kabakcı Serdar Yakar Takım No 978-605-85898-3-4 ISBN 978-605-85898-6-5 Baskı Dergah Ofset İnş. Oto. San. Tic. Ltd. Şti. Sanat Yönetmeni Eshabil Yıldız Kapak Halil Aydın Dizgi / Mizanpaj Halil Aydın İletişim Adresi Kahramanmaraş Belediyesi Kültür ve Sosyal İşler Müdürlüğü Tel.: 0 344 228 46 00 e posta: [email protected] Birinci Basım: Mart 2013 Bu eser Kahramanmaraş Belediyesinin Bir Kültür Hizmetidir. Uluslararası Osmanlı Döneminde Maraş Sempozyumu III. CİLT 4 - 6 Ekim 2012 Kahramanmaraş Onur Kurulu Kahramanmaraş Valisi Şükrü KOCATEPE Kahramanmaraş Belediye Başkanı Mustafa POYRAZ Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Rektörü Mehmet Fatih KARAASLAN Düzenleme Kurulu Başkan: Cevdet KABAKCI Serdar YAKAR Prof. Dr. Ahmet EYİCİL Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÖZKARCI Prof. Dr. Orhan DOĞAN Prof. Dr. Sait ÖZTÜRK Doç. Dr. Faruk SÖYLEMEZ Doç. Dr. İlyas GÖKHAN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mehmet TÜRKMEN Bilim Kurulu Prof. Dr. Ali AKTAN Prof. Dr. Fahamettin BAŞAR Prof. Dr. Orhan DOĞAN Prof. Dr. Recep DİKİCİ Prof. Dr. Mehmet ELİBAĞLI Prof. Dr. Mesut ELİBÜYÜK Prof. Dr. Feridun EMECEN Prof. Dr. Ahmet EYİCİL Prof. Dr. Mehmet İPÇİOĞLU Prof. Dr. Ahmet KANLIDERE Prof. Dr. Ahmet KANGAL Prof. Dr. Hasan Basri KARADEMİR Prof. Dr. Yılmaz KURT Prof. Dr. Zekeriya PAK Prof. Dr. Abdulkadir ÖZCAN Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÖZKARCI Prof. Dr. Mehmet ÖZ Prof. Dr. Sait ÖZTÜRK Prof. Dr. Metin SÖZEN Prof. Dr. Rafet YİNANÇ Prof. Dr. Kanat CANUZAKOV Prof. Dr. Metalbek BOLGAMBAYEV Prof. Dr. Adilbay J.TASTANOV Prof. Dr. Kanat U.MENBETALİYEV Doç. Dr. Selahattin DÖĞÜŞ Doç. Dr. Nejla GÜNAY Doç. Dr. İlyas GÖKHAN Doç. Dr. Akif ÖZDOĞAN Doç. Dr. Bilgehan PAMUK Doç. Dr. İbrahim SOLAK Doç. Dr. Faruk SÖYLEMEZ Doç. Dr. Memet YETİŞKİN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ayhan DOĞAN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Lütfi ALICI Yrd. Doç. Dr. Suat BAL Yrd. Doç. Dr. Mehmet GÜRBÜZ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Akif KİREÇCİ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Namık MUSALLİ Yrd. Doç. Dr. Tuğrul ÖZCAN Yrd. Doç. Dr. Zekeriya ŞİMŞİR Yrd. Doç. Dr. Qiyas ŞÜKÜROV Yrd. Doç. Dr. Emin TOROĞLU Yrd. Doç. Dr. Ahmet YENİKALE Dr. İsmail ALTINÖZ Dr. Ziver HÜSEYİNOVA Not: Tebliğlerin yasal ve bilimsel sorumluluğu yazarlarına aittir. İçindekiler III.OTURUM .. ............................................................................................... 11 OSMANLILAR DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞ’TA SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ Öğr. Gör. Mine AKBEN .................................................................................. 13 OSMANLI DÖNEMİ’NDE MARAŞ’TA GÖRÜLEN KOLERA İLLETİ Uzm. Kemalettin KOÇ .................................................................................... 39 19. YY. OSMANLI ÂLİMLERİNDEN MARAŞLI MUSTAFA KAMİL’İN GÖZÜYLE İBN-İ SİNA Öğr. Görv. Ayşe AMBAROĞLU .................................................................... 57 ŞAHSUVAROĞLU ALİ BEYİN ÖLDÜRÜLMESİNDEN SONRA OĞLU VELEDHAN BEYİN SAFEVİ TÜRKMEN DEVLETİNE SIĞINMASI VE VELED BEY AĞIDI Dr. Ali SAYAR ................................................................................................. 65 IV.OTURUM ................................................................................................. 85 GİRESUN MÜZESİNDE BULUNAN MARAŞ İŞİ İŞLEMELER Öğr.Gör. Ayşegül YILMAZ Öğr.Gör.Neslihan HIDIMOĞLU ..................................................................... 87 AYAKKABICILIĞIN EN ESKİ ÖRNEKLERİNDEN OLAN OSMANLI ÇARIKLARININ KAHRAMANMARAŞ’TAKİ YERİNİN İNCELENMESİ Öğr.Gör. Nergis Paşu ÖZTÜRK Öğr.Gör.Emine ÖZDİLLİ .............................................................................. 97 OSMANLI DÖNEMİ MARAŞ’INDAN GÖRSEL BELLEĞİMİZE YANSIYAN SANATSAL ÖRNEKLER ÜZERİNE BİR DEĞERLENDİRME Okt. Ali KOÇ ................................................................................................. 115 KAHRAMANMARAŞ AĞAÇ OYMACILIĞI SANATINA MESLEK İNANÇLARININ ETKİSİ Arş. Gör. Pınar KARATAŞ ........................................................................... 149 V.OTURUM ..................................................................................................169 XIX. YÜZYIL MARAŞ SANCAĞI VAKIFLARI Doç.Dr. İbrahim SOLAK .............................................................................. 171 MÜHİMMELERE GÖRE XVIII. YÜZYILIN İLK YARISINDA MARAŞ Doç.Dr M. Zahit YILDIRIM ......................................................................... 183 MARAŞLI YAZARLARDAN SAFAVİLER DÖNEMİNE AİT İKİ TARİHİ ESER Dr. Ziver HÜSEYİNOVA ............................................................................. 203 OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN SON DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞLI BÜROKRATLAR Uzm. Resul KÖSE ....................................................................................... 213 II. MEŞRUTİYET’İN İLÂNI’NIN MARAŞ’TA ALGILANIŞI Doç.Dr.Nejla GÜNAY ................................................................................... 233 VI.OTURUM ................................................................................................247 15-17. YÜZYILLARDA MARAŞ KALESİ Prof. Dr. Adnan GÜRBÜZ ............................................................................ 249 OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞ’IN NÜFUSU VE DEMOGRAFİK ÖZELLİKLERİ Yard. Doç.Dr. Mehmet GÜRBÜZ.................................................................. 261 “OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞ’IN EMNİYETİ…” Dr. Alper TAŞ ................................................................................................ 275 OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NİN SON DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞ ŞEHRİNDE ASAYİŞ FAALİYETLERİ (1908-1920) Dr. Nermin GÜMÜŞALAN ........................................................................... 299 VII.OTURUM .............................................................................................. 315 ANADOLU’DA ORTAK ZİYARETGÂHLAR HAKKINDA BİR DEĞERLENDİRME: ESHAB-I KEHF ÖRNEĞİ Doç.Dr. Selahattin DÖĞÜŞ ........................................................................... 317 AYAKKABI MODASI PERSFEKTİFİNDE K.MARAŞ ÇARIĞININ YAŞAM SEYRİNİN DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ Yard. Doç.Dr. Songül KURU ......................................................................... 329 OSMANLI DEVLETİ’NDE MARAŞ’TA FAALİYET GÖSTEREN MEDRESE VE BUK’ALAR Arş. Gör. Yaşar ASLANYÜREK .................................................................. 353 VIII.OTURUM .............................................................................................367 MİLLİ MÜCADELE YILLARINDA MARAŞ’IN DÜŞÜNCE YAPISINA BİR KANIT: “AMALİ MİLLİYE” GAZETESİ Dr. Suat ZEYREK .......................................................................................... 369 OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDE GÖKSUN VE ANDIRI’NIN İDARİ YAPISINDAKİ DEĞİŞİKLİKLER Uzm. Ali SARIKAYA .................................................................................... 385 MARAŞ İDADİ MEKTEBİNİN AÇILMA ÇALIŞMALARI Uzm. Sevim CEYLAN ................................................................................. 397 FIKRALARLA GÜNÜMÜZE GELEN OSMANLI DÖNEMİNDEKİ MARAŞ (OLAY, MESAJ, ŞEHİR, DİL) Ünal KALAYCI ............................................................................................. 409 BASINA YANSIYAN HABERLER ............................................................419 SEMPOZYUM FOTOĞRAF GALERİSİ .................................................433 SEMPOZYUM DEĞERLENDİRMELERİ ..............................................443 KAPANIŞ OTURUMLARI .........................................................................447 III. OTURUM II. Salon III. Oturum OSMANLILAR DÖNEMİNDE MARAŞ’TA SAĞLIK HİZMETLERİ Öğr. Gör. Mine AKBEN1 Özet Osmanlı Devletinde padişahlar, sultan hanımları, vezirler ve hayırsever zenginler tarafından fakir ve muhtaç insanlara karşılıksız sağlık hizmeti verilmeye çalışılmış; bu amaçla Bimaristan, Darülaceze ve yetimhane gibi sosyal kurumlar açılmıştır. Bu oluşumların, bağlanan zengin vâkıflar sayesinde, devamlılığı sağlanması hedeflenmiş. Daha sonraki dönemde Osmanlı devletinin güçsüzleşmesinden yararlanan gayrimüslimler sağlık alanındaki bakım yetersizliğinden kaynaklanan problemlerden faydalanarak, Anadolu’nun birçok yerinde hastaneler, yetimhaneler, eğitimhaneler açarak misyonerlik faaliyeti kapsamında hastalara, yoksullara, yetimlere hizmet vermeye çalışmışlardır. Bu çalışmamızda Osmanlı dönemi Maraş’ında sağlık hizmeti veren hastaneleri tespit etmeye çalıştık. Anahtar kelimeler: Sağlık, Hastane, Bakım, Yetimhane, Misyonerlik, Maraş, Osmanlı 1 Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Sağlık Yüksekokulu, Hemşirelik Bölümü [email protected], [email protected] -13- Uluslararası Osmanlı Döneminde Maraş Sempozyumu İSLAM MEDENİYETİNDEKİ SAĞLIK MUESSESELERİNE KISA BİR BAKIŞ Türk tarihinde sağlık hizmetlerini çok eski döneme ve bölgelere götürmek mümkündür. Orta Asya Türk boylarında hastalar tedavi edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu dönemde bazı hastalıkların bulaşıcı olduğunun farkına varılmış, hasta olanlar ayrı çadırlara alınarak iyi oluncaya kadar veya ölünceye kadar diğer insanlardan ayrı tutulmuşlardır. Bu hastaların tedavisini Kam (Şaman rahipler) denilen kişiler yapmış ve hasta çadırlarına yalnız bu kişiler girmiştir. Bu çadırlara hasta çadırları olduğunu anlatmak için de mızrak veya bayrak dikilmiştir.1 Tıp ilmi ve tababet mesleği İslam tarihi boyunca hükümdarlar ve çevrelerinde bulunan nüfuz ve servet sahipleri tarafından himaye görmüştür. Bu amaçla insanların hizmetine sunmak için darüşşifalar, hastaneler, eğitimhaneler yaptırılmıştır. İslam medeniyetinde tarih boyunca tıp bilimine, eğitimine, mensuplarına, sağlık mensuplarına büyük önem verilmiştir. Bu amaçla “Bimaristan” adı ile kurulan hastahaneler vasıtasıyla fakir ve muhtaç insanlara karşılıksız sağlık hizmetleri verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Bu oluşumlar vakıflar sayesinde uzun yıllar ayakta kalmışlardır. Meşhur seyyah
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