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Development of Gdynia, and Other Economic Achievements of the Second Polish Republic

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Development of Gdynia, and Other Economic Achievements of the Second Polish Republic Development of Gdynia, and other economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic Development of Gdynia, and other economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic Lesson plan (English) Lesson plan (Polish) Development of Gdynia, and other economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic Gdynia 1938. Transatlanc Marine Staon. Source: domena publiczna. Link to the lesson You will learn what difficulties the reborn Poland struggled with; the most important economic successes of the Second Polish Republic; the reasons for creating, and the importance of the port in Gdynia; who Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski and Władysław Grabski were; what the following terms mean: hyperinflation, Central Industrial District; the location, on a map, of industrial centers in interwar Poland. Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie abstraktu Reborn after 123 years, Poland was a country made up of lands from three partitions, which differed significantly from each other. The Polish authorities were faced with the task of their rapid integration and unification. One of the biggest problems shortly after regaining independence was hyperinflation. Thanks to the actions of the government of experts led by Prime Minister Władysław Grabski, the crisis was defused and the financial system was reformed. In 1924, the new Polish currency became the Polish złoty. Also, construction of the port in Gdynia was commenced (after the war, Poland gained access to the sea), which developed from a small fishing village into a modern city. This had been due to the unstable situation in the Free City of Danzig (Gdańsk), whose authorities had not been favorably disposed towards Poland. In just a few years, Gdynia became the largest and the most modern port on the Baltic Sea (1934) with over 83 thousand inhabitants. The initiator and creator of this undertaking was Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski. In the 1930s, the Great Depression left its mark on Poland (it had begun in the United States in 1929). Industrial production fell sharply and unemployment increased. The authorities made an attempt to combat the crisis. The economy was entrusted to Eugeniusz Kwiatkowski, who became Vice Prime Minister and Minister of the Treasury. He began implementing a great plan supposed to develop the economy and modernize the Polish armed forces. In 1937, construction of the Central Industrial District in southern Poland began. Numerous factories and industrial plants were opened. These were undertakings on an unprecedented scale. The strong revival of the economy that they brought was interrupted by the outbreak of World War II in September 1939. Exercise 1 What were the causes of Poland’s difficult economic development aer World War I? Previously, Polish lands had belonged to threeseven different countries. World War I took place on Polish lands and caused their developmentdestrucon. Germany was sasfiedunsasfied with the outcome of the war, and hindered Poland’s economic development. Poland had widenarrow access to the sea and no portsmany ports. Task 1 Watch the film Rozwój polskiego panowania nad brzegami Bałtyku from the 1920s (find it on FINA's website) about Gdynia’s development, and answer the quesons. How did Gdynia change in just a few years? What did the inhabitants of Gdynia do before the seaport was opened there? Based on the video, what can you say about the inhabitants of Gdynia? Exercise 2 Arrange the sentences to show the vicious circle. Start with “Factories go bankrupt”. Factories do not have anyone to sell their products to. Factories go bankrupt. People cannot afford to shop. People have no income. People lose their jobs. Task 2 Look at the illustraon and do the exercises. A Polish banknote Source: Bank Polski, licencja: CC 0. Complete the descripon of the banknote below. The banknote presents: - the likeness of Doubravka of Bohemia, - denominaon (value of the banknote) wrien in words: what is the value? .................... - denominaon wrien as a number: what is the number? ............ - date on which the banknote was issued: what is the date? .................................. - place of issue: where? ............ - name of the instuon that issued the banknote: what is the name? ............................ - abbreviated name of the instuon that issued the banknote: what is it ............ - signatures of the persons who issued the banknote: whose? .......................................................... Task 3 Look at the illustraons and do the exercises. Naonal Archives and Records Administraon, College Park Source: licencja: CC 0. The photos show two queues of Americans from the mes of the Great Depression (photos 1 and 2), and Poles affected by the consequences of the Great Depression (photos 3, 4, and 5). Answer the quesons: How can you tell in which country these photos were taken? What are the people queuing for? What traits would you say the people in the photo had? What do you think such photos prove? Exercise 3 Look at the map and solve the tasks. Economy of the Second Polish Republic, with the Central Industrial District Source: Krysan Chariza i zespół. Select the correct answers. What are the main rivers flowing through the Central Industrial District? {#Vistula}{Oder}{Warta}{#San} What major cies are located there? {Warsaw}{#Kielce}{Cracow}{Sanok}{#Przemyśl} What types of industry were being developed? {#machines}{#munions}{pharmaceucs}{#aviaon} Select the names of the cies in which the following were located: The FSC Automove Factory: {#Lublin}{Radom}{Dębica} The ‘Stomil’ Tire Company: {Jasło}{#Dębica}{Zamość} The Cellulose Factory: {Tarnobrzeg}{#Niedomice}{Ostrowiec} The State Aviaon Works: {#Mielec}{Radom}{Starachowice} The Steelworks: {Rzeszów}{Mielec}{#Stalowa Wola} The State Gunpowder and Explosives Factory: {Puławy}{Opoczno}{#Pionki} Exercise 4 Look for informaon about the Polish culture of the interwar period and its successes, and then complete the text. illiteracy, Nobel, the paroners, “The Peasants”, Maria Dąbrowska, “The Coming Spring”, Stefan Żeromski, Władysław Reymont, poetry, Julian Tuwim In the reborn Poland, there was development not only of the economy, but also culture and educaon. Thanks to common educaon, .............................................., i.e., inability to read and write, decreased significantly. Polish arsts, aer years of prohibions from the authories .............................................., could finally create without any obstacles. It was especially literature that flourished, and eminent Polish writers greatly contributed to promoon of Poland in the world: .............................................. (author of the novel “Nights and Days”), .............................................. (best known for his books “The Labors of Sisyphus”, “Homeless People” and ..............................................), as well as .............................................. (in 1924, he received the .............................................. Prize in Literature for his novel ..............................................). Apart from literature, .............................................. was also very popular. It was a very fruiul period for poets such as Antoni Słonimski, Jarosław Iwaszkiewicz, and the well-known .............................................. – author of “The Locomove”. Keywords Gdynia, Second Polish Republic, economy, crisis, inflation, Central Industrial District Glossary Port Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Port Port – miejsce postoju, rozładunku i obsługi statków pasażerskich i handlowych. President Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: President Prezydent – w republice, głowa państwa – osoba stojąca na jego czele. Prime Minister Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Prime Minister Premier – osoba stojąca na czele rządu, pierwszy z ministrów. Hyperinflaon Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Hyperinflation Hiperinflacja – bardzo wysoka inflacja, gwałtowny spadek wartości pieniądza. Currency Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Currency Waluta – jednostka monetarna, która jest używana w danym kraju. Inaczej nazwa pieniądza. Great Depression Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Great Depression Wielki kryzys – największy kryzys gospodarczy w XX wieku. Rozpoczął się w USA w 1929 roku i trwał do 1933. Objął swym zasięgiem prawie cały świat. Stock Exchange Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Stock Exchange Giełda – instytucja za pośrednictwem której kupuje się, sprzedaje lub wymienia papiery wartościowe i walutę. Investment Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Investment Inwestycja – środki finansowe przeznaczone na powiększenie kapitału lub uzyskanie zysków w przyszłości Industrial district Nagranie dostępne na portalu epodreczniki.pl nagranie słówka: Industrial district Okręg przemysłowy – skupisko zakładów przemysłowych na wybranym, niewielkim obszarze. Lesson plan (English) Topic: Development of Gdynia, and other economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic Target group 7th‐grade students of elementary school Core curriculum 7th‐grade students of elementary school XXX. Society and economy of the Second Polish Republic. Pupil: 1. characterizes the social, national and religious structure of the Polish state; 2. discusses the effects of the global economic crisis in the Polish lands; 3. assesses the economic achievements of the Second Polish Republic, especially the Gdynia, coal and Central
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