Land Use/Land Cover Change Assessment of Ysr Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India Using Irs Resourcesat-1/2 Liss Iii Multi-Temporal Open Source Data
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International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019 Land use/Land Cover Change Assessment of Ysr Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India using Irs Resourcesat-1/2 Liss Iii Multi-Temporal Open Source Data C.Venkata Sudhakar, G.Umamaheswara Reddy Abstract: LULC change assessment by the Remote sensing re-visit capabilities, extensive earth coverage area, semi- Technology helps in understanding land dynamics effectively automated processing and analysis, achieved better image compared to conventional field inspection methods. This study interpretation by enhancing and manipulating the data and provides the spatio-temporal dynamics of LULC classes in the accurate mapping. The objective of this study is to quantify Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India. IRS Resourcesat-1/2 YSR Kadapa District LULC change by the open source LISS III Multi-Temporal remote sensed data, from Bhuvan - Indian Geo-platform of ISRO is intended to assessment the remotely sensed data. changes in the study area during the years 2005-2006, 2011-2012 and 2015-2016 over tenure of 10 years. At the end the study area II. STUDY AREA claasified into five major classes namely Built-up, Agriculture, Kadapa District was ruled by Mouryans in BC era and Forest, Wastelands and waterbodies using ERDAS Imagine sathavahanas in 3rd century AD. The District (Cuddapah) 2015. The results indicate net change and rate of change of th LULC classes over the period of 10 years. Net change in Built-up was first formed in early 19 century (1808) during the land is 89.91%( 167.12 km2), Net change (decreased) in British rule and it was renamed as YSR kadapa district in Agriculture land is 3.76% (256.05km2), Net increment in the 2010 as a mark of tribute to the former chief minister of Forest land is 2.39 %( 114.83km2), Wastelands decreased by 2.92 Andhra Pradesh Sri Dr.Y.S.Rajasekhara Reddy. %( 79.09km2), and waterbodies increased by 6.28% (52.9 km2). Kadapa district was located between the latitudes 13º 43’ to 15º 14’N and Longitudes 77º 51’ to 79º 29’E. It was Keywords: LULC classes, Resourcesat-1/2 LISS III open data surrounded by Nellore, Anantapuramu, Kurnool, and source, Change analysis. Chittoor on the East, West, North and South respectively. The study area occupied 15,359 km2 contributing 5.58% of I. INTRODUCTION the total country area (figure 1). As per 2011census district LULC classes change analysis is a vital phenomenon for population is 28, 84,524 it is about 3.40% of the state understanding inhabitant of the earth [1]. At present population [3, 4, 20]. monitoring of LULC classes change and its consequences The district was rich in minerals; Minerals are the back- on the environment and socio-economic impact on the land bone for economic growth and industrial development of the is critical for global and regional sustainable development country [2]. Minerals are extracted by the mining process, [6]. LULC change monitoring with Conventional approach which significantly disturb the premises Vegetation land, is slow and expensive. Now a day’s remote sensing is the Soil, and Terrain. It forms pits, transit sites, solid waste and only cost effective and precise method for LULC change miscellaneous mining elements. When these elements are assessment, change analysis and environmental studies for superimposed with geo-environment an alternations occur in sustainable development as compared to traditional methods the LULC, Topography, Land Surface Temperature (LST) because of the following advantages [6, 19]. Obtained data and environment [5]. continuously, up-to-date information obtained with regular Published By: Retrieval Number C6067098319/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C6067.098319 8139 & Sciences Publication Land use/Land Cover Change Assessment of Ysr Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India using Irs Resourcesat-1/2 Liss Iii Multi-Temporal Open Source Data Figure 1: Geographical location map of the study area [3] Published By: Retrieval Number C6067098319/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C6067.098319 8140 & Sciences Publication International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019 A. Mineral Classes The district was rich in minerals. The major minerals are Barytes, Asbestos and Limestone. The minor minerals are Laterite, Pyrophyllite, Ochere Quartzite, Shale, Steatite, Quartz & Silica Sand, and Calcite etc [3, 4, 20]. Details of minerals availability is illustrated in the Table I. Table I: Major and Minor Mineral in Y.S.R. District [2, 3, 4, 7]. Sl.No. Mineral Mineral raw sample(s) Applications Availability Classes Major Mineral 1. Iron Ore In metal products, 1.42 million tonnes hematite (Fe2O3), industrial machinery, in Chitvel, magnetite (Fe3O4) transportation Pendlimarri, goethite(FeOOH) equipment, Muddanur, instruments, magnets Verapunayunipalli etc. 2. Limestone Primarily used in the Jammalamadugu, calcium carbonate Cement Industry. Mylavaram, (CaCO3) with Also used in Glass, Yerraguntla, Dolomite Ceramic, Paper, Kamalapuram, CaMg(CO3)2 or Textile, sugar magnesite (MgCO3) refining and bleaching powder. 3. Black Limestone Used for flooring, Yerraguntla Mandal (Napa slabs) and building Sugumanchupalli material. areas of Jammalamadugu Mandal. 4. Chrysotile Asbestos Used in fabrics, Pulivendula, Lingala (Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4) resistance to heat, mandals with acids alkalies and estimation of 2.5LT cements. up to depth of 200m 5. Barytes As a weighting agent with an estimation (BaSO4) in the heavy drilling of 70 MT reserve in muds and in oils Mangampeta 6. White Clay or ceramic ware, Rajampeta, Kaolinite sanitary wares, Rayachoty, (Al2Si2O5(OH)4) detergent industries Duvvuru, Simhadripuram, Pulivendula Minor mineral Published By: Retrieval Number C6067098319/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C6067.098319 8141 & Sciences Publication Land use/Land Cover Change Assessment of Ysr Kadapa District, Andhra Pradesh, India using Irs Resourcesat-1/2 Liss Iii Multi-Temporal Open Source Data 7. Uranium Military Tumalapalli village (U3O8) applications, located in Kadapa Power generation Industries, 8. Fullerene Used in aerospace, Mangampet in (C60, C70) Nano Technology, Obulavanipalli solar power and mandal synthesis of Artificial diamonds. B. Industrial Profile India occupied second place in cement production of the world after China followed by United States, Iran. As of August 2015, Cement production accounted for around 6.7 per cent of global cement production. Cement production capacity increases from 323MT to 390MT during the year 2011 to 2015 respectively. The Production capacity estimated 6.1 % during the period 2011 to 2020 and reaches 550 million tons (figure 2) (http://eaindustry.nic.in/ cement/default .asp) [4]. Figure 2: Cement production projection rate towards 2020 At present, Andhra Pradesh has 40 large cement plants of 210 cement plants of India. The Major cement plant clusters locations are Yerranguntla (YSR kadapa, Andhra Pradesh), Nalgonda (Andhra Pradesh) Gulbarga (Karnataka), Satna (Madhya Pradesh) and Chandoria (Rajasthan). The major cement industries which are impact the LU/LC classes in the study area are illustrated in the Table II. Table II: List of Major cement plants located in the district S.No. Plant Name Plant outlook Description 1. The India Cements Ltd. The plant was commissioned in 1998.The plant was expanded in the (previously Coromandal year 2010. Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC), Portland Pozzolona Cements), Chilamakur Cement (PPC) and cement clinker are the plant productions. http://www.indiacements.co.in/ 2. The India Cements Ltd. The plant was commissioned in 1999.The plant was expanded in the Yerraguntla year 2010. Clinker production capacity is 1.485 to 5.15 MTPA and Cement Production capacity is 1.65 MTPA. http://www.indiacements.co.in/ Published By: Retrieval Number C6067098319/2019©BEIESP Blue Eyes Intelligence Engineering DOI: 10.35940/ijrte.C6067.098319 8142 & Sciences Publication International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE) ISSN: 2277-3878, Volume-8 Issue-3, September 2019 3. Zuari cements, Plant was commissioned in March 1985 with production capacity Yerraguntla 23LTPA and expanded its production capacity to 2.3 MTPA in the year 2010. The plant productions are OPC 43 Grade and 53 Grade and PPC. http://www.zuaricements.com/# 4. Bharathi Cement Plant commissioned in 2006 with cement production capacity 2.75 Corporation Private Ltd. Lakh MTPA. At present it producing Portland Cement, Cement (BCCPL) Blended, and Cement Slag. Nallalingayapalli, http://www.bharathicement.com/bharati-cement.php Kamalapuram 5. Dalmia Cement (Bharat) The plant was commissioned in 2008 with a commercial cement Ltd., Chinnakomarla, production of the 2.50 MTPA Jammalamadugu https://www.dalmiacement.com/contact-us.html 6. Rayalaseema Thermal The project started in 1994.At present it has 5 units; each unit Power Project, power generation capacity is 210MW. The total power generation Kalamalla capacity is 1050 MW (5*210MW) https://apgenco.gov.in/home.do C. Environmental and Social Impacts data are ideally suited for the surface feature analysis because of the long history of earth observation and rich The cement industry create an employment and business bands with ample spectral information. Landsat series opportunities to the local people but Cement production dataset from USGS (https://earthexplorer. usgs.gov/) widely