Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment, Keane Road

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment, Keane Road FLORA, VEGETATION AND FAUNA ASSESSMENT, KEANE ROAD WATER CORPORATION – Keane Road Sewer Main Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________________________ FLORA, VEGETATION AND FAUNA ASSESSMENT, KEANE ROAD Prepared for WATER CORPORATION Prepared by ENV Australia Pty Ltd Level 1, 503 Murray Street PERTH WA 6000 Phone: (08) 9214 6100 Fax: (08) 9226 4109 Email: [email protected] Job Number: J113163 Report Number: 12/137 Document Endorsed for Author/s and Editor/s Reviewer/s Date Version Release by: Draft Narelle Whittington, Denise True, Denise True Chris Knuckey and Bridget Watkins 12/12/12 Damian Buller Final Narelle Whittington, Denise True, Narelle Chris Knuckey and Bridget Watkins Whittington 19/03/13 Damian Buller J113163 – NW 002 Final WATER CORPORATION – Keane Road Sewer Main Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________________________ TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................... III 1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 THE PROJECT ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 Location ........................................................................................................................................................ 2 1.3 BACKGROUND TO THE PROTECTION OF FLORA, VEGETATION AND FAUNA...................................................... 4 2 BIOPHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT ................................................................................. 7 2.1 CLIMATE ........................................................................................................................................................ 7 2.2 GEOLOGY AND SOILS ..................................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 BIOGEOGRAPHIC REGIONALISATION FOR AUSTRALIA ..................................................................................... 8 2.5 GEOMORPHIC WETLANDS ............................................................................................................................ 10 2.6 CONSERVATION ESTATE ............................................................................................................................... 10 2.6.1 Bush Forever and Ecological Linkages ........................................................................................................... 10 2.7 PREVIOUS BIOLOGICAL STUDIES ................................................................................................................... 11 3 METHODS ............................................................................................................ 12 3.1.1 Database Review ......................................................................................................................................... 12 3.1.2 Field Survey ................................................................................................................................................. 13 3.1.3 Taxonomy and Nomenclature ...................................................................................................................... 14 3.1.4 Statistical Analysis........................................................................................................................................ 14 3.2 VEGETATION MAPPING................................................................................................................................ 14 3.3 FAUNA ASSESSMENT ................................................................................................................................... 15 3.3.1 Database Review ......................................................................................................................................... 15 3.3.2 Field Survey ................................................................................................................................................. 16 J113163 – NW 002 Final WATER CORPORATION – Keane Road Sewer Main Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.3.3 Taxonomic Identification.............................................................................................................................. 16 4 RESULTS ............................................................................................................... 17 4.1 SURVEY LIMITATIONS AND CONSTRAINTS .................................................................................................... 17 4.2 FLORA ......................................................................................................................................................... 18 4.2.1 Overview of Flora ........................................................................................................................................ 18 4.2.2 Flora of Conservation Significance ................................................................................................................ 18 4.2.3 Introduced Flora .......................................................................................................................................... 23 4.3 VEGETATION................................................................................................................................................ 24 4.3.1 Vegetation Associations ............................................................................................................................... 24 4.3.2 Vegetation Condition ................................................................................................................................... 25 4.3.3 Floristic Community Types ........................................................................................................................... 26 4.3.4 Regional Representation .............................................................................................................................. 30 4.3.5 Vegetation of Conservation Significance ....................................................................................................... 30 4.3.6 Wetlands ..................................................................................................................................................... 30 4.4 FAUNA ........................................................................................................................................................ 31 4.4.1 Habitat Assessment ..................................................................................................................................... 31 4.4.2 Fauna Assemblage ....................................................................................................................................... 32 4.4.3 Fauna of Conservation Significance .............................................................................................................. 33 5 DISCUSSION ......................................................................................................... 34 5.1 CONTEXT ..................................................................................................................................................... 34 5.2 FLORA OF CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE ..................................................................................................... 34 5.3 VEGETATION OF CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANCE ........................................................................................... 35 5.4 VEGETATION CONDITION AND INTRODUCED FLORA ..................................................................................... 37 5.5 REGIONAL REPRESENTATION ....................................................................................................................... 37 J113163 – NW 002 Final WATER CORPORATION – Keane Road Sewer Main Flora, Vegetation and Fauna Assessment ________________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.6 BUSH FOREVER ............................................................................................................................................ 37 5.7 WETLANDS .................................................................................................................................................. 38 5.8 FAUNA HABITAT TYPES ................................................................................................................................ 38 5.9 FAUNAL ASSEMBLAGE ................................................................................................................................. 40 5.10 CONSERVATION SIGNIFICANT FAUNA ........................................................................................................... 40 6 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................... 43 6.1 FLORA ........................................................................................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Their Botany, Essential Oils and Uses 6.86 MB
    MELALEUCAS THEIR BOTANY, ESSENTIAL OILS AND USES Joseph J. Brophy, Lyndley A. Craven and John C. Doran MELALEUCAS THEIR BOTANY, ESSENTIAL OILS AND USES Joseph J. Brophy School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales Lyndley A. Craven Australian National Herbarium, CSIRO Plant Industry John C. Doran Australian Tree Seed Centre, CSIRO Plant Industry 2013 The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) was established in June 1982 by an Act of the Australian Parliament. ACIAR operates as part of Australia's international development cooperation program, with a mission to achieve more productive and sustainable agricultural systems, for the benefit of developing countries and Australia. It commissions collaborative research between Australian and developing-country researchers in areas where Australia has special research competence. It also administers Australia's contribution to the International Agricultural Research Centres. Where trade names are used this constitutes neither endorsement of nor discrimination against any product by ACIAR. ACIAR MONOGRAPH SERIES This series contains the results of original research supported by ACIAR, or material deemed relevant to ACIAR’s research and development objectives. The series is distributed internationally, with an emphasis on developing countries. © Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) 2013 This work is copyright. Apart from any use as permitted under the Copyright Act 1968, no part may be reproduced by any process without prior written permission from ACIAR, GPO Box 1571, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia, [email protected] Brophy J.J., Craven L.A. and Doran J.C. 2013. Melaleucas: their botany, essential oils and uses. ACIAR Monograph No. 156. Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research: Canberra.
    [Show full text]
  • Native Plants Sixth Edition Sixth Edition AUSTRALIAN Native Plants Cultivation, Use in Landscaping and Propagation
    AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANTS SIXTH EDITION SIXTH EDITION AUSTRALIAN NATIVE PLANTS Cultivation, Use in Landscaping and Propagation John W. Wrigley Murray Fagg Sixth Edition published in Australia in 2013 by ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Reed New Holland an imprint of New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd Sydney • Auckland • London • Cape Town Many people have helped us since 1977 when we began writing the first edition of Garfield House 86–88 Edgware Road London W2 2EA United Kingdom Australian Native Plants. Some of these folk have regrettably passed on, others have moved 1/66 Gibbes Street Chatswood NSW 2067 Australia to different areas. We endeavour here to acknowledge their assistance, without which the 218 Lake Road Northcote Auckland New Zealand Wembley Square First Floor Solan Road Gardens Cape Town 8001 South Africa various editions of this book would not have been as useful to so many gardeners and lovers of Australian plants. www.newhollandpublishers.com To the following people, our sincere thanks: Steve Adams, Ralph Bailey, Natalie Barnett, www.newholland.com.au Tony Bean, Lloyd Bird, John Birks, Mr and Mrs Blacklock, Don Blaxell, Jim Bourner, John Copyright © 2013 in text: John Wrigley Briggs, Colin Broadfoot, Dot Brown, the late George Brown, Ray Brown, Leslie Conway, Copyright © 2013 in map: Ian Faulkner Copyright © 2013 in photographs and illustrations: Murray Fagg Russell and Sharon Costin, Kirsten Cowley, Lyn Craven (Petraeomyrtus punicea photograph) Copyright © 2013 New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd Richard Cummings, Bert
    [Show full text]
  • Genera in Myrtaceae Family
    Genera in Myrtaceae Family Genera in Myrtaceae Ref: http://data.kew.org/vpfg1992/vascplnt.html R. K. Brummitt 1992. Vascular Plant Families and Genera, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew REF: Australian – APC http://www.anbg.gov.au/chah/apc/index.html & APNI http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni Some of these genera are not native but naturalised Tasmanian taxa can be found at the Census: http://tmag.tas.gov.au/index.aspx?base=1273 Future reference: http://tmag.tas.gov.au/floratasmania [Myrtaceae is being edited at mo] Acca O.Berg Euryomyrtus Schaur Osbornia F.Muell. Accara Landrum Feijoa O.Berg Paragonis J.R.Wheeler & N.G.Marchant Acmena DC. [= Syzigium] Gomidesia O.Berg Paramyrciaria Kausel Acmenosperma Kausel [= Syzigium] Gossia N.Snow & Guymer Pericalymma (Endl.) Endl. Actinodium Schauer Heteropyxis Harv. Petraeomyrtus Craven Agonis (DC.) Sweet Hexachlamys O.Berg Phymatocarpus F.Muell. Allosyncarpia S.T.Blake Homalocalyx F.Muell. Pileanthus Labill. Amomyrtella Kausel Homalospermum Schauer Pilidiostigma Burret Amomyrtus (Burret) D.Legrand & Kausel [=Leptospermum] Piliocalyx Brongn. & Gris Angasomyrtus Trudgen & Keighery Homoranthus A.Cunn. ex Schauer Pimenta Lindl. Angophora Cav. Hottea Urb. Pleurocalyptus Brongn. & Gris Archirhodomyrtus (Nied.) Burret Hypocalymma (Endl.) Endl. Plinia L. Arillastrum Pancher ex Baill. Kania Schltr. Pseudanamomis Kausel Astartea DC. Kardomia Peter G. Wilson Psidium L. [naturalised] Asteromyrtus Schauer Kjellbergiodendron Burret Psiloxylon Thouars ex Tul. Austromyrtus (Nied.) Burret Kunzea Rchb. Purpureostemon Gugerli Babingtonia Lindl. Lamarchea Gaudich. Regelia Schauer Backhousia Hook. & Harv. Legrandia Kausel Rhodamnia Jack Baeckea L. Lenwebia N.Snow & ZGuymer Rhodomyrtus (DC.) Rchb. Balaustion Hook. Leptospermum J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. Rinzia Schauer Barongia Peter G.Wilson & B.Hyland Lindsayomyrtus B.Hyland & Steenis Ristantia Peter G.Wilson & J.T.Waterh.
    [Show full text]
  • Lesson 2 Culture of Native Plants
    LESSON 2 CULTURE OF NATIVE PLANTS Aim Determine cultural practices to maintain healthy native plants. Australian Natives are generally easily cultivated under a wide variety of conditions within the garden. Species natural to any given area with usually perform better then those introduced from other areas. The climate, soil, aspect and the characteristics of the plant should all be given consideration before choosing appropriate species. Once you have learnt to develop a good plan and also understand the growing conditions required, a native garden will provide you with years of beauty and pleasure Galls on Acacias are often caused by wasps Treatment –remove and destroy damaged tissues. CULTIVATION OF AUSTRALIAN PLANTS There are three main things which affect the way a plant grows. They are environmental factors such as temperature, light or moisture; nutrition (ie. the supply of food to the plant and the influence of pest and diseases on the plant's health. You should strive to gain a broad appreciation of these three factors. With such an understanding comes the ability to make your own decisions about how to grow a particular plant in a particular place. Environmental factors Consider where the plant grows naturally. This may give you some idea of its requirements (eg. Banskias tend to occur in well drained soils, indicating that they need good drainage; plants which grow above the snowline will probably tolerate very cold conditions, etc.). A plant which is grown outside of its natural environment can often still be grown successfully, but you may find that it will grow differently (eg.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter No. 281 – December 2012
    Newsletter No. 281 – December 2012 WESTERN AUSTRALIAN HOLIDAY Ade Foster Morangup Nature Reserve was once part of a steel company’s holding’s. Much of the timber was cleared In another life, I’m involved with gymnastics as the for the manufacture of charcoal, and slag heaps were announcer at most of the major competitions around piled around the area. Declared a reserve in the Australia. I was invited to do a big competition in 1970s, there is still evidence of the industry and the Perth in October, so we took the opportunity to take a area has been allowed to regenerate itself. The few extra days and have a look at the wildflowers that disastrous bushfires of last summer ripped through we had heard so much about. this area, and though there was a lot of regrowth, the We booked accommodation in Toodyay, about landscape has been changed yet again. 90km north-east of Perth. Toodyay is in the Avon The open areas were fields of blue Leschenaultia Valley on the edge of the escarpment. Head west and boliba, and several different Dampieras, or white you’re in the hilly red laterite soils. East takes you into from an interesting Conospermum, C. glaumaceum, the sandy wheat-belt country, and north west is the or yellow from the Verticordia citrella, found only in coastal heathland. The plan was to make day trips this reserve. into other areas to experience the different plant communities they offered, while being close enough to Perth to commute for the competition. Our cabin was tiny, but the rear deck with wood fired BBQ and an outlook over the dam was a delight.
    [Show full text]
  • Friends of Forrestdale Newsletter Edition 19 May 2020
    Friends of Forrestdale Newsletter Edition 19 May 2020 FRINGED REGELIA Regelia ciliata elonging to the family Myrtaceae, Regelia ciliata, along with the four other species in the genus, is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. Preferring winter-wet sandy soils, it occurs along the coast from approximately B Dongara to Busselton, as well as some isolated pockets inland. The genus Regelia is named in honour of a distinguished figure: Eduard August von Regel (1815 – 1892), a German botanist, horticulturalist, scientist and author, who towards the end of his career served as Director of the Russian Imperial Botanical Garden of St. Petersburg. Regel himself described and named over 3000 plant species, but in 1843 it was botanist J. C. Schauer who named the genus in his honour. The species name ciliata originates from the Latin word cilium which means "eyelash”. This is in reference to the hairs fringing the leaves of the species. It also accounts for the plant’s common name. Regelia ciliata is classified by WA Parks and Wildlife as “not threatened”. This too applies to Regelia inops and R. velutina. The other two species, Regelia cymbifolia and R. megacephala, both having a limited range, are classified as “Priority Four”. An important habitat plant, fringed regelia is plentiful in Forrestdale. It occurs in dense thickets in Anstey-Keane Damplands, covering large areas, and is also found on the eastern side of the Lake Forrestdale Nature Reserve. Plants of this species are destroyed by fire, but regeneration from seed is rapid. If left unburnt for a sufficient time, shrubs can reach a height of over two metres.
    [Show full text]
  • Threatened Plants and Animals in Kakadu National Park: a Review and Recommendations for Management
    Threatened plants and animals in Kakadu National Park: a review and recommendations for management John Woinarski Project NHTKNP01 Report to Parks Australia North. September 2004. J.C.Z. Woinarski Northern Territory Department of Infrastructure Planning and Environment PO Box 496 Palmerston Northern Territory, 0831 Cover photograph: Arnhem rock-rat Zyzomys maini (photo: Greg Miles) SUMMARY This report comprises three main sections. The first section is an introduction that lists the currently recognised threatened plant and animal species that occur within Kakadu National Park; describes the process and criteria for listing; notes the substantial discrepancies in lists between the last comprehensive review of Kakadu’s threatened species (1995) and this report; and notes also the substantial discrepancy between national and Northern Territory listings for threatened species occurring in Kakadu. The second, and largest, section provides more specific information on each threatened species, noting in particular the status of each species within Kakadu National Park, as well as providing a broader conservation and management context. The third section collates information on management and threats across the set of threatened species, and draws research and management priorities for Kakadu National Park. The species occurring in Kakadu National Park that are listed as threatened under national and/or Northern Territory legislation are tabulated below. The current listing comprises a total of 16 plant species (of which 6 are listed at national level) and 31 animal species (of which 16 are listed at national level). An additional plant species has been nominated to be added at the next revision of the NT list. Information is also presented on four threatened plant species with records from near Kakadu, and considered reasonably likely to occur within Kakadu.
    [Show full text]
  • Western Australia's Journal of Systematic Botany Issn 0085–4417
    Nuytsia WESTERN AUSTRALIA'S JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BOTANY ISSN 0085–4417 Rye, B.L. An interim key to the Western Australian tribes and genera of Myrtaceae Nuytsia 19(2): 313–323 (2009) All enquiries and manuscripts should be directed to: The Managing Editor – NUYTSIA Western Australian Herbarium Telephone: +61 8 9334 0500 Dept of Environment and Conservation Facsimile: +61 8 9334 0515 Locked Bag 104 Bentley Delivery Centre Email: [email protected] Western Australia 6983 Web: science.dec.wa.gov.au/nuytsia AUSTRALIA All material in this journal is copyright and may not be reproduced except with the written permission of the publishers. © Copyright Department of Environment and Conservation 313-323.indd 1 9/11/2009 12:26:20 PM 313-323.indd 2 9/11/2009 12:26:20 PM Nuytsia 19(2): 313–323 (2009) 313 An interim key to the Western Australian tribes and genera of Myrtaceae In his treatment of Australian Myrtaceae for Flora Australiensis, Bentham (1867) provided a key to 41 genera, classified in three tribes. More than a century passed before another key to the Australian genera appeared (Johnson & Briggs 1983), this time with 75 genera and 11 informal groups that were intended to be equivalent to tribes. In 2005 a new formal classification for the Myrtaceae (Wilsonet al. 2005) increased the number of tribes recognised in Australia to 151, but this paper did not include any keys. Approximately 85 Australian genera are now recognised, including 30 endemic to Western Australia. Ten tribes are represented in Western Australia and, since mid 2009, 54 genera have been listed for the State on FloraBase (Western Australian Herbarium 1998–).
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter No.23
    ISSN 1030-6633 ASSOCL4 TION OF SOCIETIES FOR GRO WNG ,' AUSTRALM PLANTS MELALEUCA AND ALLIED GENERA STUDY GROUP ABN 56 654 053 676 Leader : Colin Cornford 16 Eldorado Street Bracken Ridge Qld 4017 Ph : 07 - 32698256 e-mail: [email protected] NEWSLETTER NO. 23 December 2001 !Dear Members, I In spite of a substantial deficit in rainfall from March to October the Callistemons in this area flowered very well over what appeared to be a slightly longer period than usual . Verna and I visited Cressbrook Dam, one of Toowoomba7s water supply dams , in September where , among other plants, mainly Eucalypts, a number of Callistemon jviminalis have been planted in the camping and picnic areas surrounding the dam . At the time of our visit the area was so dry all grass and other ground cover vegetation had disappeared and left only dust . The C. viminalis , however , were in full flower and JatEractinglots of nectar feehng birds and insects . As a matter of interest it was noted "thatvirtually all the additional plantings in the camping and picnic areas were Australian species . I j In November we spent a few days in the Tenterfield area of northern New South !wales . The area had received good rain and the green vista was in stark contrast to the dry ,parched conditions which existed when we passed through that area in September 2000 . Kunzea capitata was massed with mauve-pink flowers on Mount MacKenzie whch is just west of Tenterfield. In Bald Rock and Boonoo Boonoo National Parks Callistemon pallidus , Callistemon flavo-virens and Callistemon viminalis were flowering .
    [Show full text]
  • TAXON:Melaleuca Alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel SCORE
    TAXON: Melaleuca alternifolia SCORE: 7.0 RATING: High Risk (Maiden & Betche) Cheel Taxon: Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel Family: Myrtaceae Common Name(s): narrow leaf paperbark Synonym(s): Melaleuca linariifolia var. alternifolia Maiden & Betche narrow leaf teatree teatree Assessor: Chuck Chimera Status: Assessor Approved End Date: 4 Apr 2019 WRA Score: 7.0 Designation: H(HPWRA) Rating: High Risk Keywords: Subtropical Tree, Essential Oil, Dense Stands, Wind-Dispersed, Coppices Qsn # Question Answer Option Answer 101 Is the species highly domesticated? y=-3, n=0 n 102 Has the species become naturalized where grown? 103 Does the species have weedy races? Species suited to tropical or subtropical climate(s) - If 201 island is primarily wet habitat, then substitute "wet (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High tropical" for "tropical or subtropical" 202 Quality of climate match data (0-low; 1-intermediate; 2-high) (See Appendix 2) High 203 Broad climate suitability (environmental versatility) y=1, n=0 n Native or naturalized in regions with tropical or 204 y=1, n=0 y subtropical climates Does the species have a history of repeated introductions 205 y=-2, ?=-1, n=0 n outside its natural range? 301 Naturalized beyond native range y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2), n= question 205 n 302 Garden/amenity/disturbance weed n=0, y = 1*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 303 Agricultural/forestry/horticultural weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 304 Environmental weed n=0, y = 2*multiplier (see Appendix 2) n 305 Congeneric
    [Show full text]
  • A Revision of Calothamnus Quadrifidus (Myrtaceae) 57
    A.S.Nuytsia George 20: 57–77 & N. Gibson,(2010) A revision of Calothamnus quadrifidus (Myrtaceae) 57 A revision of Calothamnus quadrifidus (Myrtaceae) A.S. George1,3 and N. Gibson2 1‘Four Gables’, 18 Barclay Road, Kardinya, Western Australia 6163 2 Science Division, Department of Environment and Conservation, Locked Bag 104, Bentley Delivery Centre,Western Australia 6983 3 Email: [email protected] Abstract George, A.S. & Gibson, N. A revision of Calothamnus quadrifidus (Myrtaceae). Nuytsia 20: 57–77 (2010). The highly variable species Calothamnus quadrifidus R.Br. is discussed and an infraspecific classification with eight subspecies is proposed. The following new taxa are described: Calothamnus quadrifidus subsp. petraeus A.S.George & N.Gibson, C. quadrifidus subsp. seminudus A.S.George & N.Gibson and C. quadrifidus subsp. teretifolius A.S.George & N.Gibson. New combinations are C. quadrifidus subsp. angustifolius (Ewart) A.S.George & N.Gibson, C. quadrifidus subsp. asper (Turcz.) A.S.George & N.Gibson and C. quadrifidus subsp. homalophyllus (F.Muell.) A.S.George & N.Gibson, and a new status is given for C. quadrifidus subsp. obtusus (Benth.) A.S.George & N.Gibson. Introduction Calothamnus quadrifidus was described by Robert Brown in 1812 from specimens that he collected in January 1802 at Lucky Bay, east of where Esperance now stands, in Western Australia. It has since proved to be one of the most widespread and variable taxa in the south-western flora, extending west to Cape Naturaliste, north to Shark Bay and inland to ­­­­just beyond Southern Cross. A number of names have been applied to some variants at either specific or infraspecific rank.
    [Show full text]
  • Newsletter No.18
    ASSOCIATION OF SOCIETIES FOR GROWING AUSTRALIAN PLANTS I CALOTHAMNUS ALLIED GENERA Number 18 STUDY GROUP NEWSLETTER November, 1992. Leader: Barb Graham, Nundle Rd., Woolomin, N.S.W. 2340. I was thrilled to receive a lovely pressing of Rhoda's Calothamnus asper. The flower spike was 18 cm low,- looked very attractive.It is the first flowering for this bush which looks spectacular. More about a dried flower collection later in this newsletter. Recently there was a workshop for Study Group Leaders at the National Botanic Gardens in Canberra, and I was lucky enough to be able to attend. It was very interesting to get gether with the other leaders & be able to ear about their problems and how these were solved as well as their successes, As well sadiscussion sessions to discuss our problems and their resolution, essions on newsletter production, history and reasons for Study Groups, how to keep accurate records, questionaires, how Study Groups can assist botanists and botanic gardens & vice versa,horticultural research carried out by Study Groups, publishing information, seed banks, collecting seeds and cuttings, living and herbarium collections. I found all of these discussions very interesting, particularly about collections. The legalities and ethics of collecting in the wild This is very important to know, as we could so easily break the law or. even worse spread disease in delicate environments w<thout the proper knowledge. We should also keep a duplicate or duplicates of our living collections in case of the one and only being wiped out. As you know I am starting a collection at Dulegal Arboretum, so will see if Kaye will keep our duplicate one as she has already a wonderful collection.
    [Show full text]