DOCSLIB.ORG

Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans Aggregatibacter Anders Johansson and Joseph M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans Aggregatibacter Anders Johansson and Joseph M Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans • Anders Johansson and Joseph M. DiRienzo Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen Edited by Anders Johansson and Joseph M. DiRienzo Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Pathogens www.mdpi.com/journal/pathogens Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans— Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans— Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen Editors Anders Johansson Joseph M. DiRienzo MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editors Anders Johansson Joseph M. DiRienzo Umea˚ University University of Pennsylvania Sweden USA Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Pathogens (ISSN 2076-0817) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/pathogens/special issues/Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03943-376-6 (Pbk) ISBN 978-3-03943-377-3 (PDF) c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Editors .............................................. vii Preface to ”Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans—Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen” .. ix Jan Oscarsson, Joseph M. DiRienzo and Anders Johansson Editorial Comments to the Special Issue: “Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans—Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen” Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 441, doi:10.3390/pathogens9060441 ............... 1 Daniel H. Fine, Helen Schreiner and Senthil Kumar Velusamy Aggregatibacter, a Low Abundance Pathobiont That Influences Biogeography, Microbial Dysbiosis, and Host Defense Capabilities in Periodontitis: The History of a Bug, and Localization of Disease Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 179, doi:10.3390/pathogens9030179 ............... 7 Niels Nørskov-Lauritsen, Rolf Claesson, Anne Birkeholm Jensen, Carola H¨oglund Aberg˚ and Dorte Haubek Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans: Clinical Significance of a Pathobiont Subjected to Ample Changes in Classification and Nomenclature Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 243, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040243 ............... 33 Georgios N. Belibasakis, Terhi Maula, Kai Bao, Mark Lindholm, Nagihan Bostanci, Jan Oscarsson, Riikka Ihalin and Anders Johansson Virulence and Pathogenicity Properties of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 222, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040222 ............... 51 Alexandra St¨ahli,Anton Sculean and Sigrun Eick JP2 Genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in Caucasian Patients: A Presentation of Two Cases Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 178, doi:10.3390/pathogens9030178 ............... 75 Ellen S. Ando-Suguimoto, Manjunatha R. Benakanakere, Marcia P.A. Mayer and Denis F. Kinane Distinct Signaling Pathways Between Human Macrophages and Primary Gingival Epithelial Cells by Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 248, doi:10.3390/pathogens9040248 ............... 85 Sanae Akkaoui, Anders Johansson, Maˆamar Yagoubi, Dorte Haubek, Adnane El hamidi, Sana Rida, Rolf Claesson and OumKeltoum Ennibi Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial activity, In Vitro Cytotoxicity and Leukotoxin Neutralization of Essential Oil from Origanum vulgare against Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 192, doi:10.3390/pathogens9030192 ............... 99 Edward T Lally, Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia, Anuradha Dhingra, Nestor M Gomez, Jinery Lora, Claire H Mitchell, Alexander Giannakakis, Syed A Fahim, Roland Benz and Nataliya Balashova Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans LtxA Hijacks Endocytic Trafficking Pathways in Human Lymphocytes Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 74, doi:10.3390/pathogens9020074 ................113 v Bruce J. Shenker, Lisa M. Walker, Ali Zekavat, Robert H. Weiss and Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia The Cell-Cycle Regulatory Protein p21CIP1/WAF1 Is Required for Cytolethal Distending Toxin (Cdt)-Induced Apoptosis Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 38, doi:10.3390/pathogens9010038 ................137 Natalia O. Tjokro, Weerayuth Kittichotirat, Annamari Torittu, Riikka Ihalin, Roger E. Bumgarner and Casey Chen Transcriptomic Analysis of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Core and Accessory Genes in Different Growth Conditions Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 282, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040282 ...............157 Arzu Beklen, Annamari Torittu, Riikka Ihalin and Marja Poll¨anen¨ Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Biofilm Reduces Gingival Epithelial Cell Keratin Expression in an Organotypic Gingival Tissue Culture Model Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 278, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040278 ...............171 Signe Nedergaard, Carl M. Kobel, Marie B. Nielsen, Rikke T. Møller, Anne B. Jensen and Niels Nørskov-Lauritsen Whole Genome Sequencing of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Cultured from Blood Stream Infections Reveals Three Major Phylogenetic Groups Including a Novel Lineage Expressing Serotype a Membrane O Polysaccharide Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 256, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040256 ...............181 Anne Birkeholm Jensen, Marianne Lund, Niels Nørskov-Lauritsen, Anders Johansson, Rolf Claesson, Jesper Reinholdt and Dorte Haubek Differential Cell Lysis Among Periodontal Strains of JP2 and Non-JP2 Genotype of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Serotype B Is Not Reflected in Dissimilar Expression and Production of Leukotoxin Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 211, doi:10.3390/pathogens8040211 ...............191 Anders Johansson, Rolf Claesson, Carola H¨oglund Aberg,˚ Dorte Haubek, Mark Lindholm, Sarah Jasim and Jan Oscarsson Genetic Profiling of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Serotype B Isolated from Periodontitis Patients Living in Sweden Reprinted from: Pathogens 2019, 8, 153, doi:10.3390/pathogens8030153 ...............205 Nataliya Balashova In Memoriam: Edward “Ned” Lally Reprinted from: Pathogens 2020, 9, 177, doi:10.3390/pathogens9030177 ...............219 vi About the Editors Anders Johansson (Ph.D., Associate Professor) is a docent in experimental periodontology and has been active for several decades at Umea˚ university. His major research topics have been interactions between A. actinomycetemcomitans and leukocytes. Dr. Johansson and his co-workers have discovered active processes in the leukocytes that have been induced by the leukotoxin, like neutrophil degranulation and inflammasome activation in macrophages. His research has also involved clinical studies that contributed to clarifying the role of enhanced leukotoxin production for disease progression. Joseph M. DiRienzo (Ph.D., Emeritus Professor) received a Ph.D. in Microbiology from McGill University and postdoctoral training in the Department of Biochemistry at the State University of New York at Stony Brook. He recently retired, after 40 years of teaching and research, from the School of Dental Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. Dr. DiRienzo studied the role of bacteria in the pathogenesis of periodontal diseases using molecular biology and biochemical approaches to identify and characterize virulence genes and their gene products from Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans. Studies were focused on the characterization of the cytolethal distending toxin and its effects on oral epithelial cells. Dr. DiRienzo also studied the role of horizontal gene transfer in the dissemination of virulence genes in A. actinomycetemcomitans. vii Preface to ”Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans— Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogen” Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, a member of the Gram-negative taxonomic family Pasteurellaceae, has attracted considerable attention as a potentially important pathogen in specific forms of periodontal disease and has earned a reputation as a member of the HACEK group of bacteria associated with some cases of infective endocarditis. The bacterium has acquired an impressive virulence-related armamentarium, including two well-characterized cytotoxins, exoenzymes, adhesins, and signaling molecules that promote its colonization and the perturbation of the tissues, structural cells, and inflammatory cells of the human oral cavity. This Special Issue focuses on the properties and activities of A. actinomycetemcomitans that promote its function as an infectious agent, that is, its ability to target specific host populations and define its interactions with specific mucosal tissues and cells. The objective is to present a complete picture of the participation of this bacterium in disease by presenting both in vitro and in vivo experimental and clinical studies. A comprehensive view of the contribution of this bacterium to the mechanisms of infection and disease should also provide a basis for the development of new control strategies that move beyond the classical antibiotics. Anders Johansson, Joseph M. DiRienzo Editors ix pathogens Editorial Editorial Comments to the
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Identification of Pasteurella Species and Morphologically Similar Organisms
    UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Issued by the Standards Unit, Microbiology Services, PHE Bacteriology – Identification | ID 13 | Issue no: 3 | Issue date: 04.02.15 | Page: 1 of 28 © Crown copyright 2015 Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Acknowledgments UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations (SMIs) are developed under the auspices of Public Health England (PHE) working in partnership with the National Health Service (NHS), Public Health Wales and with the professional organisations whose logos are displayed below and listed on the website https://www.gov.uk/uk- standards-for-microbiology-investigations-smi-quality-and-consistency-in-clinical- laboratories. SMIs are developed, reviewed and revised by various working groups which are overseen by a steering committee (see https://www.gov.uk/government/groups/standards-for-microbiology-investigations- steering-committee). The contributions of many individuals in clinical, specialist and reference laboratories who have provided information and comments during the development of this document are acknowledged. We are grateful to the Medical Editors for editing the medical content. For further information please contact us at: Standards Unit Microbiology Services Public Health England 61 Colindale Avenue London NW9 5EQ E-mail: [email protected] Website: https://www.gov.uk/uk-standards-for-microbiology-investigations-smi-quality- and-consistency-in-clinical-laboratories UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations are produced in association with: Logos correct at time of publishing. Bacteriology – Identification | ID 13 | Issue no: 3 | Issue date: 04.02.15 | Page: 2 of 28 UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations | Issued by the Standards Unit, Public Health England Identification of Pasteurella species and Morphologically Similar Organisms Contents ACKNOWLEDGMENTS .........................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Thesis Final
    THESIS/DISSERTATION APPROVED BY 4-24-2020 Barbara J. O’Kane Date Barbara J. O’Kane, MS, Ph.D, Chair Margaret Jergenson Margret A. Jergenson, DDS Neil Norton Neil S. Norton, BA, Ph.D. Gail M. Jensen, Ph.D., Dean i COMPARISON OF PERIODONTIUM AMONG SUBJECTS TREATED WITH CLEAR ALIGNERS AND CONVENTIONAL ORTHODONTICS By: Mark S. Jones A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at Creighton University In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Science in the Department of Oral Biology Under the Supervision of Dr. Marcelo Mattos Advising from: Dr. Margaret Jergenson, Dr. Neil S. Norton, and Dr. Barbara O’Kane Omaha, Nebraska 2020 i iii Abstract INTRODUCTION: With the wider therapeutic use of clear aligners the need to investigate the periodontal health status and microbiome of clear aligners’ patients in comparison with users of fixed orthodontic has arisen and is the objective of this thesis. METHODS: A clinical periodontal evaluation was performed, followed by professional oral hygiene treatment on a patient under clear aligner treatment, another under fixed orthodontics and two controls that never received any orthodontic therapy. One week after, supragingival plaque, swabs from the orthodontic devices, and saliva samples were collected from each volunteer for further 16s sequencing and microbiome analysis. RESULTS: All participants have overall good oral hygiene. However, our results showed increases in supragingival plaque, higher number of probing depths greater than 3mm, higher number of bleeding sites on probing, and a higher amount of gingival recession in the subject treated with fixed orthodontics. A lower bacterial count was observed colonizing the clear aligners, with less diversity than the other samples analyzed.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiological, Lipid and Immunological Profiles in Children
    Original Article http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1678-77572016-0196 Microbiological, lipid and immunological SUR¿OHVLQFKLOGUHQZLWKJLQJLYLWLVDQG type 1 diabetes mellitus Abstract Cristiane DUQUE1 Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of SHULRGRQWDOSDWKRJHQVV\VWHPLFLQÀDPPDWRU\PHGLDWRUVDQGOLSLGSUR¿OHVLQ Mariana Ferreira Dib JOÃO2 type 1 diabetes children (DM) with those observed in children without diabetes Gabriela Alessandra da Cruz (NDM), both with gingivitis. Material and methods: Twenty-four DM children Galhardo CAMARGO3 and twenty-seven NDM controls were evaluated. The periodontal status, 3 Gláucia Schuindt TEIXEIRA JO\FHPLF DQG OLSLG SUR¿OHV ZHUH GHWHUPLQHG IRU ERWK JURXSV 6XEJLQJLYDO Thamiris Santana MACHADO3 samples of periodontal sites were collected to determine the prevalence of Rebeca de Souza AZEVEDO3 SHULRGRQWDOPLFURRUJDQLVPVE\3&5%ORRGVDPSOHVZHUHFROOHFWHGIRU,/ǃ Flávia Sammartino MARIANO2 TNF-D and IL-6 analysis using ELISA kits. Results: Periodontal conditions of DM Natália Helena COLOMBO1 and NDM patients were similar, without statistical differences in periodontal indices. When considering patients with gingivitis, all lipid parameters Natália Leal VIZOTO2 evaluated were highest in the DM group; Capnocytophaga sputigena and Renata de Oliveira Capnocytophaga ochracea were more prevalent in the periodontal sites of DM 2 MATTOS-GRANER children. “Red complex” bacteria were detected in few sites of DM and NDM groups. Fusobacterium nucleatum and Campylobacter rectus were frequently IRXQGLQERWKJURXSV6LPLODUOHYHOVRI,/ǃ71)D
    [Show full text]
  • Activity of Chlorhexidine Formulations on Oral Microorganisms and Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts
    Activity of chlorhexidine formulations on oral microorganisms and periodontal ligament fibroblasts Accepted for publication December 17, 2020 Alexandra Stähli1, Irina Liakhova1, Barbara Cvikl2, Adrian Lussi3, Anton Sculean1, Sigrun Eick1* 1Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland 2Department of Conservative Dentistry, Sigmund Freud University, Vienna, Austria 3Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University Medical Centre, Freiburg, Germany and School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland Keywords: biofilm; antiseptics; cytotoxicity Correspondence: Sigrun Eick, Klinik für Parodontologie, Labor Orale Mikrobiologie, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern e-mail: [email protected]; phone +41 31 623 2542 1 Abstract Given the importance of microorganisms in the pathogenesis of the two most prevalent oral diseases (i.e. caries and periodontitis), antiseptics are widely used. Among the antiseptics chlorhexidine (CHX) is still considered as gold standard. The purpose of this in-vitro-study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of new CHX digluconate containing formulations produced in Switzerland. Two test formulations, with 0.1% or 0.2% CHX (TestCHX0.1, TestCHX0.2) were compared with 0.1% and 0.2% CHX digluconate solutions (CHXph0.1, CHXph0.2) without additives and with a commercially available formulation containing 0.2% CHX digluconate (CHXcom0.2). The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the CHX formulations were determined against bacteria associated with caries or periodontal disease. Then the anti-biofilm activities of CHX preparations were tested regarding inhibition of biofilm formation or against an existing biofilm. Further, the cytotoxicity of the CHX preparations against periodontal ligament (PDL) fibroblasts was measured. There were no or only minor differences of the MIC values between the CHX preparations.
    [Show full text]
  • A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia Coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa
    Loyola University Chicago Loyola eCommons Master's Theses Theses and Dissertations 1983 A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa Juan Jose de Obarrio Loyola University Chicago Follow this and additional works at: https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses Part of the Periodontics and Periodontology Commons Recommended Citation de Obarrio, Juan Jose, "A Histologic Bioassay of the Effect of Endotoxin of Escherichia coli 0111:B4 Strain Injected Into Guinea Pig Oral Mucosa" (1983). Master's Theses. 3280. https://ecommons.luc.edu/luc_theses/3280 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License. Copyright © 1983 Juan Jose de Obarrio A HISTOLOGIC BIOASSAY OF THE EFFECT OF ENDOTOXIN OF ESCHERICHIA COLI 0111:84 STRAIN INJECTED INTO GUINEA PIG ORAL MUCOSA BY Juan Jose de Obarrio A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Loyola University of Chicago in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science May 1982 DEDICATION To my loving parents, Juan Luis and Helga, for their caring, understanding and who made possible my postgraduate education. To my fiance, Rocio, for her love and support. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I wish to express my sincere gratitude and appreciation to my Director, Dr. Patrick D.
    [Show full text]
  • Suppression of Murine Lymphocyte Mitogen Responses by Exopolysaccharide from Capnocytophaga Ochracea RONALD W
    INFECTION AND IMMUNITY, Jan. 1983, p. 476-479 Vol. 39, No. 1 0019-9567/83/010476-04$02.00/0 Copyright C 1983, American Society for Microbiology Suppression of Murine Lymphocyte Mitogen Responses by Exopolysaccharide from Capnocytophaga ochracea RONALD W. BOLTON* AND JOHN K. DYER Department of Oral Biology, College of Dentistry, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Lincoln, Nebraska 68583-0740 Received 26 July 1982/Accepted 5 October 1982 An extracellular polysaccharide was purified from culture supernatants of Capnocytophaga ochracea 25, a gram-negative bacillus associated with human periodontal disease. The extracellular polysaccharide suppressed in vitro mito- genic responses of murine splenic lymphocytes to concanavalin A and lipopoly- saccharide. This suppression was dose dependent, persisted up to 120 h, and was not caused by direct toxicity of the extracellular polysaccharide. Modulation of immune responses by bacterial C. ochracea 25, a gift from S. S. Socransky, components has received considerable attention Forsythe Dental Center, Boston, was cultivated in recent years (1, 2, 4, 5). Since a number of at 37°C in Trypticase soy broth supplemented these substances are produced by members of with 1% yeast extract and 0.1% NaHCO3. After the normal bacterial flora, they may have con- 48 h the cultures were centrifuged at 10,000 x g siderable impact on host-parasite interactions. for 15 min at 4°C. EP was isolated from liquid Indeed, there are several diseases of microbial culture supernatants by cold 95% ethanol pre- etiology, both clinical and experimental, which cipitation. The precipitate was dissolved in wa- have been associated with immune suppression ter and treated with cold 10% trichloroacetic or enhancement (reviewed in reference 12).
    [Show full text]
  • Product Sheet Info
    Product Information Sheet for HM-206 Aggregatibacter aphrophilus, Oral Taxon immediately upon arrival. For long-term storage, the vapor phase of a liquid nitrogen freezer is recommended. Freeze- 545, Strain F0387 thaw cycles should be avoided. Catalog No. HM-206 Growth Conditions: Media: For research use only. Not for human use. Haemophilus Test medium or equivalent Chocolate agar or equivalent Contributor: Incubation: Jacques Izard, Assistant Member of the Staff, Department of Temperature: 37°C Molecular Genetics, The Forsyth Institute, Boston, Atmosphere: Aerobic with 5% CO2 Massachusetts, USA Propagation: 1. Keep vial frozen until ready for use, then thaw. Manufacturer: 2. Transfer the entire thawed aliquot into a single tube of broth. BEI Resources 3. Use several drops of the suspension to inoculate an agar slant and/or plate. Product Description: 4. Incubate the tube, slant and/or plate at 37°C for 24 to Bacteria Classification: Pasteurellaceae, Aggregatibacter 48 hours. Species: Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (formerly Haemophilus 1 aphrophilus) Citation: Subtaxon: Oral Taxon 545 Acknowledgment for publications should read “The following Strain: F0387 reagent was obtained through BEI Resources, NIAID, NIH as Original Source: Aggregatibacter aphrophilus (A. part of the Human Microbiome Project: Aggregatibacter aphrophilus), Oral Taxon 545, strain F0387 was isolated in aphrophilus, Oral Taxon 545, Strain F0387, HM-206.” 1984 from the subgingival dental plaque, at a healthy site, 2,3 of a 24-year-old female patient in the United States. Comments: A. aphrophilus, Oral Taxon 545, strain F0387 Biosafety Level: 1 (HMP ID 9335) is a reference genome for The Human Appropriate safety procedures should always be used with Microbiome Project (HMP).
    [Show full text]
  • Bacterial Diversity and Functional Analysis of Severe Early Childhood
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Bacterial diversity and functional analysis of severe early childhood caries and recurrence in India Balakrishnan Kalpana1,3, Puniethaa Prabhu3, Ashaq Hussain Bhat3, Arunsaikiran Senthilkumar3, Raj Pranap Arun1, Sharath Asokan4, Sachin S. Gunthe2 & Rama S. Verma1,5* Dental caries is the most prevalent oral disease afecting nearly 70% of children in India and elsewhere. Micro-ecological niche based acidifcation due to dysbiosis in oral microbiome are crucial for caries onset and progression. Here we report the tooth bacteriome diversity compared in Indian children with caries free (CF), severe early childhood caries (SC) and recurrent caries (RC). High quality V3–V4 amplicon sequencing revealed that SC exhibited high bacterial diversity with unique combination and interrelationship. Gracillibacteria_GN02 and TM7 were unique in CF and SC respectively, while Bacteroidetes, Fusobacteria were signifcantly high in RC. Interestingly, we found Streptococcus oralis subsp. tigurinus clade 071 in all groups with signifcant abundance in SC and RC. Positive correlation between low and high abundant bacteria as well as with TCS, PTS and ABC transporters were seen from co-occurrence network analysis. This could lead to persistence of SC niche resulting in RC. Comparative in vitro assessment of bioflm formation showed that the standard culture of S. oralis and its phylogenetically similar clinical isolates showed profound bioflm formation and augmented the growth and enhanced bioflm formation in S. mutans in both dual and multispecies cultures. Interaction among more than 700 species of microbiota under diferent micro-ecological niches of the human oral cavity1,2 acts as a primary defense against various pathogens. Tis has been observed to play a signifcant role in child’s oral and general health.
    [Show full text]
  • Quantitative Molecular Detection of 19 Major Pathogens in the Interdental Biofilm of Periodontally Healthy Young Adults
    fmicb-07-00840 May 31, 2016 Time: 12:58 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 02 June 2016 doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.00840 Quantitative Molecular Detection of 19 Major Pathogens in the Interdental Biofilm of Periodontally Healthy Young Adults Florence Carrouel1†, Stéphane Viennot2†, Julie Santamaria3, Philippe Veber4 and Denis Bourgeois2* 1 Institute of Functional Genomics of Lyon, UMR CNRS 5242, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 2 Laboratory “Health, Individual, Society” EA4129, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 3 Department of Prevention and Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, University Lyon 1, Lyon, France, 4 Laboratory “Biométrie et Biologie Évolutive”, UMR CNRS 5558 – LBBE, University Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France In oral health, the interdental spaces are a real ecological niche for which the body has few or no alternative defenses and where the traditional daily methods for control by disrupting biofilm are not adequate. The interdental spaces are Edited by: Yuji Morita, the source of many hypotheses regarding their potential associations with and/or Aichi Gakuin University, Japan causes of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, degenerative Reviewed by: disease, and depression. This PCR study is the first to describe the interdental Kah Yan How, University of Malaya, Malaysia microbiota in healthy adults aged 18–35 years-old with reference to the Socransky Aurea Simón-Soro, complexes. The complexes tended to reflect microbial succession events in developing FISABIO Foundation, Spain dental biofilms. Early colonizers included members of the yellow, green, and Guliz N. Guncu, Hacettepe University, Turkey purple complexes. The orange complex bacteria generally appear after the early *Correspondence: colonizers and include many putative periodontal pathogens, such as Fusobacterium Denis Bourgeois nucleatum.
    [Show full text]
  • Prevotella Intermedia
    The principles of identification of oral anaerobic pathogens Dr. Edit Urbán © by author Department of Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine ESCMID Online University of Lecture Szeged, Hungary Library Oral Microbiological Ecology Portrait of Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632–1723) by Jan Verkolje Leeuwenhook in 1683-realized, that the film accumulated on the surface of the teeth contained diverse structural elements: bacteria Several hundred of different© bacteria,by author fungi and protozoans can live in the oral cavity When these organisms adhere to some surface they form an organizedESCMID mass called Online dental plaque Lecture or biofilm Library © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Gram-negative anaerobes Non-motile rods: Motile rods: Bacteriodaceae Selenomonas Prevotella Wolinella/Campylobacter Porphyromonas Treponema Bacteroides Mitsuokella Cocci: Veillonella Fusobacterium Leptotrichia © byCapnophyles: author Haemophilus A. actinomycetemcomitans ESCMID Online C. hominis, Lecture Eikenella Library Capnocytophaga Gram-positive anaerobes Rods: Cocci: Actinomyces Stomatococcus Propionibacterium Gemella Lactobacillus Peptostreptococcus Bifidobacterium Eubacterium Clostridium © by author Facultative: Streptococcus Rothia dentocariosa Micrococcus ESCMIDCorynebacterium Online LectureStaphylococcus Library © by author ESCMID Online Lecture Library Microbiology of periodontal disease The periodontium consist of gingiva, periodontial ligament, root cementerum and alveolar bone Bacteria cause virtually all forms of inflammatory
    [Show full text]
  • Actinomyces Naeslundii and Aggregatibacter Aphrophilus Brain Abscess in an Adolescent
    Arch Clin Med Case Rep 2019; 3 (6): 409-413 DOI: 10.26502/acmcr.96550112 Case Report Actinomyces Naeslundii and Aggregatibacter Aphrophilus Brain Abscess in an Adolescent Michael Croix1, Christopher Schwarz2, Ryan Breuer3,4, Amanda B. Hassinger3,4, Kunal Chadha5, Mark Daniel Hicar4,6 1Division of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, University at Buffalo. Buffalo, New York, USA 2Division of Emergency Medicine, University at Buffalo. Buffalo, New York, USA 3Division of Pediatric Critical Care, John R. Oishei Children’s Hospital. Buffalo, New York, USA 4Department of Pediatrics, University at Buffalo. Buffalo, New York, USA 5Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, University at Buffalo. Buffalo, New York, USA 6Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University at Buffalo. Buffalo, New York, USA *Corresponding Authors: Dr. Mark Daniel Hicar, Department of Pediatrics, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, 1001 Main Street, Buffalo, NY, 14203 USA, Tel: (716) 323-0150; Fax: (716) 888-3804; E-mail: [email protected] (or) [email protected] Dr. Michael Croix, Division of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, 300 Linwood Ave, Buffalo, NY, 14209 USA, Tel: (217) 840-5750; Fax: (716) 888-3804; E-mail: [email protected] Received: 20 July 2019; Accepted: 02 August 2019; Published: 04 November 2019 Abstract We report the case of a child with a brain abscess from which Actinomyces naeslundii and Aggregatibacter aphrophilus were isolated. The is the first case describing A. naeslundii causing a brain abscess. This case highlights the association of these two organisms which may affect antibiotic choice and therapy length. Keywords: Brain; Abscess; Actinomyces; Aggregatibacter 1. Case Report A 13 year old male with no known past medical history initially presented to the Emergency Department with one week of headache, nausea, and vomiting.
    [Show full text]
  • (Actinobacillus) Actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga Species in an Immunocompetent Patient
    Journal of Microbiology, Immunology and Infection (2011) 44, 149e151 available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.e-jmii.com CASE REPORT Facial cellulitis because of Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans and Capnocytophaga species in an immunocompetent patient Chia-Jung Hsieh a, Kao-Pin Hwang b,*, Kuang-Che Kuo a, Po-Ren Hsueh c,d a Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Kaohsiung, Taiwan b Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Pediatrics, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University School of Medicine, Taichung, Taiwan c Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan d Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan Received 3 September 2009; received in revised form 15 January 2010; accepted 24 February 2010 KEYWORDS The species of Capnocytophaga and Aggregatibacter are normal flora and mostly cause Aggregatibacter periodontal diseases. The soft tissue infection caused by Aggregatibacter often is associated (Actinobacillus) actino- with Actinomyces species. Beside, most Capnocytophaga infections are described in immuno- mycetemcomitans; compromised patients. We identified facial cellulitis caused by Capnocytophaga spp and Capnocytophaga; Aggregatibacter (Actinobacillus) actinomycetemcomitans in a 16-year-old immunocompetent Facial cellulitis; female. Immunocompetent Copyright ª 2011, Taiwan Society of Microbiology. Published by Elsevier Taiwan LLC. All rights reserved. Introduction Bacteria of the genus Capnocytophaga and Actinobacillus * Corresponding author. Department of Pediatrics, China Medical occur in normal oral flora and in the presence of 1,2 University Hospital, No. 2 Yuh-Der Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan. periodontal disease. These organisms can cause peri- E-mail address: [email protected] (K.-P.
    [Show full text]