District & Metro Profile Eastern Cape Cacadu District
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Annexure 1: District & Metro Profile Eastern Cape Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipalities Programme of Support to Local Economic Development in the Eastern Cape Eastern Cape Competitive Advantage Assessment And Training Support Project Produced by Melinda McCann For European Consultants Organisation (ECO) EC FRAMEWORK CONTRACT AMS/451 – LOT N°9 MISSION N°2005/109496 Contents 1 District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipalities ___________________________________________________ 1 2 The District Development Framework: Cacadu District Municipality (DC10) ______ 7 2.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage ___________________ 7 2.2 “Rules of the Game” (Institutional Environment)______________________ 8 2.3 Economic Indicators ________________________________________ 8 2.4 Capacity ________________________________________________ 9 3 The Metropolitan Development Framework: Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipality (NMMM) _____________________________________________________ 10 3.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 10 4 The Local Development Framework: Camdeboo Local Municipality (EC101) _____13 4.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage ___________________13 5 The Local Development Framework: Blue Crane Route Local Municipality (EC102) 16 5.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 16 6 The Local Development Framework: Ikwezi Local Municipality (EC103) _______ 19 6.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 19 7 The Local Development Framework: Makana Local Municipality (EC104) ______ 22 7.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 22 8 The Local Development Framework: Ndlambe Local Municipality (EC105) _____ 25 8.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 25 9 The Local Development Framework: Sunday’s River Valley Local Municipality (EC106) _____________________________________________________ 28 9.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 28 10 The Local Development Framework: Baviaans Local Municipality (EC107) _____31 10.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage ___________________31 11 The Local Development Framework: Kouga Local Municipality (EC108) ______ 34 11.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 34 12 The Local Development Framework: Kou-Kamma Local Municipality (EC109)__ 37 12.1 Key Elements of Municipal Competitive Advantage __________________ 37 Annexure 1: District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipalities 1 District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipalities Cacadu District Municipality (CDM), formerly Western District (which included the Metro), occupies the western portion of the Province, bordered by the Western and Northern Cape provinces and by the Eastern Cape districts of Chris Hani and Amatole; Nelson Mandela Metro (NMMM) is wholly bordered by Cacadu (refer to 1.3). NMMM extends over 1952.15km2, consists of 54 wards and will have 108 councillors, and incorporates two former Cape Provincial Administration (CPA) magisterial districts. The bulk of the former Uitenhage Rural Council falls into the Cacadu DMA. The Metro experienced the highest population growth rate (1.31%pa) from 1996 to 2004 in the Province and urbanisation stands at 88.09%. The CDM extends over 58,243.93km2 and incorporates 14 former CPA magisterial districts into nine local municipalities and a District Management Area (DMA), commonly named Aberdeen Plain (ECDMA10). The DMA, established for the reason of low population (around 6,537 people), covers 13,283.48 km2, more than one fifth (22.81%) of CDM land, and is constituted of four distinct areas, including Addo and Tsitsikamma National Parks. ECDMA10 may be re- demarcated to include the significant expansion of Addo Elephant National Park. The municipal re-demarcation saw the exclusion of Port Elizabeth, Uitenhage and Despatch to create the Metro, the Province’s only Category A Municipality. NMMM and CDM are the leading economies in the Eastern Cape in terms of GVA growth performance from 1996 to 2004. In the Metro, manufacturing dominates GVA contribution (32.15%) and is the second most prominent contributor to employment (25.00%), after Community Services (25.59%). While the rate of unemployment, at 44.56%, is lower than the Provincial average (55.41%), it is higher than the national rate (40.43%) and considerably higher than the rate in surrounding Cacadu (34.79%). Strong economic and functional linkages remain between Cacadu and the Metro. For instance, the CDM Office is still located in Port Elizabeth and much of the raw material generated within the CDM is processed within the Metro. Cacadu further has an export-based economy tied principally to the agricultural sector, and raw materials tend to be sent to the Metro for export. Agriculture remains the largest contributor to employment (38.50%) in the CDM, although it is second to Community Services in respect of GVA contribution. Relative to all other districts, Cacadu compares favourably in human development terms – the District’s HDI (0.55) is second in the Eastern Cape, after the Metro (0.65), and ranges from 0.49 (Sundays River Valley) to 0.60 (Kouga). In spite of this favourable comparison, 46.21% of the CDM population and 39.65% of the Metro population lives in poverty. Cacadu is the most urbanised (67.33%) District and is accordingly the Eastern Cape’s only Category C1 Municipality, with urbanisation rates in excess of 50% for all local municipalities but Kou-Kamma (25.45%). All local municipalities, but Makana, are classed as Category B3 (small towns with surrounding agricultural areas and villages) reflecting limited institutional capacity and areas characterised by limited SMMEs and market opportunities, greater dependence on public support and LED activities that are principally at the level of the small project. Makana is one of only three Category B2 (large core town/s with surrounding agricultural areas) municipalities in the Province, reflecting reasonably adequate budgets and staff, urban centre(s) with associated resources where LED activities are emerging into Annexure 1: District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan 1 Municipalities strategies and programmes to take advantage of economic potential, as well as substantial numbers of SMMEs, considerable market opportunities, but limited private sector business development services. Cacadu is the only District in the Province to fall into three environmental planning domains, being the bioregional conservation programmes of STEP (Subtropical Thicket Ecosystem Plan), SKEP (Succulent Karoo Ecosystem Plan) and CAPE (Cape Action Plan for the Environment). The area’s environmental diversity is reflected by the fact that it is home to six of the seven national biomes (forest, grassland, succulent karoo, fynbos, savannah grasslands, thicket). Annexure 1: District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan 2 Municipalities 1.1. Baseline District and Local Municipal Statistics A B3 B3 B3 B2 B3 B3 B3 B3 B3 C1 Blue Sunday Kou- Categorie NMM Camde Crane Makan Ndlamb 's River Baviaa Kamm Cacad s 2004 Metro boo Route Ikwezi a e V. ns Kouga a u DM 1,952.1 7,232.6 9,831.0 4,449.7 4,221.9 2,000.8 3,507.6 7,724.0 2,417.4 3,575.1 58,243. Area (km2) (MDB)1 5 8 3 0 7 1 1 7 2 7 93 1,125,5 403,84 Population (No.) 36 50,878 35,641 11,452 84,667 63,122 38,394 17,991 86,383 15,318 6 Urbanisation Rate (%) 88.09 77.48 69.46 66.31 82.94 67.69 54.78 57.01 60.19 25.45 67.33 Density (people/km2) 253.41 3.74 4.40 2.56 19.35 16.63 22.81 1.60 16.18 12.23 7.49 Black 57.89 23.29 55.60 36.90 73.95 80.28 70.87 9.39 34.24 13.98 51.95 White 17.38 12.67 9.44 9.29 13.28 12.40 8.00 7.82 17.66 12.11 12.76 Demograp Colour hics (%) ed 23.60 63.77 34.89 53.78 11.75 7.28 21.10 82.77 48.03 73.85 35.01 Asian 1.13 0.28 0.06 0.03 1.02 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.07 0.05 0.28 Gender Female 51.09 51.05 51.11 51.68 51.44 51.46 48.75 51.57 49.24 50.31 50.61 (%) Male 48.91 48.95 48.89 48.32 48.56 48.54 51.25 48.43 50.76 49.69 49.39 0-4 8.44 10.89 8.76 10.25 7.20 7.91 8.64 10.90 9.48 11.45 8.95 5-19 25.50 31.03 30.02 32.08 27.98 27.55 26.18 33.57 25.51 26.93 28.10 Age (%) 20-64 61.05 51.29 54.82 50.37 59.19 55.99 59.39 49.39 58.91 56.72 56.49 65+ 5.02 6.79 6.39 7.30 5.63 8.55 5.79 6.14 6.10 4.90 6.46 HDI 0.65 0.55 0.53 0.53 0.59 0.51 0.49 0.53 0.60 0.51 0.55 HIV Prevalence (%, 2003) 2 31.20 20.20 Functional Literacy (%) 82.85 57.59 52.97 51.70 69.17 54.02 53.05 54.41 66.47 52.80 60.18 None 2.74 8.50 11.92 15.26 5.76 11.89 10.13 9.54 6.28 8.05 8.63 1 Municipal Demarcation Board – Global Insight’s geographic areas used for other categories for internal integrity 2 EC Department of Health Annexure 1: District & Metro Profile: Cacadu District (DC10) and Nelson Mandela Metropolitan Municipalities 3 None 2.74 8.50 11.92 15.26 5.76 11.89 10.13 9.54 6.28 8.05 8.63 Education Grade Levels 12 21.56 15.13 9.79 9.53 20.87 11.56 10.54 10.30 15.26 11.75 14.46 (% age Tertiar 15+) y 9.11 7.72 6.41 5.95 10.61 6.41 3.14 6.67 8.77 4.30 7.60 R0-200 2.93 3.44 2.60 5.50 4.32 6.02 3.90 2.87 2.13 3.63 3.76 Househol R201- d Monthly 1000 11.33 18.56 19.47 22.09 16.54 23.80 24.30 18.60 12.60 20.63 18.49 Income R1001- Levels (%) 2500 21.44 24.75 30.80 26.21 24.50 25.61 32.90 29.27 22.89 28.37 26.09 GDP per capita (R'000)3