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2

Presidents report We did not have our own meetings with guest speakers It was great to see the late Arthur Lock Chang, a in March , but attended some great events organised by founding member of ACFS NSW, commenting on the other organisations. event in the film.

At UTS:ACRI , Colin Hawes from the Faculty of Law, Australian Chinese Workers Association event in the University of Technology, gave a presentation debunking Theatrette of NSW Parliament House, re the book 'The the myths about Chinese corporations in Australia. End of the History of Anti-Chinese Policy', and the concert featuring Chinese singers, dancers and musicians. Twenty members and friends attended the 2017 NSW Premier's Concert at the ICC Sydney Theatre at Darling The entertaining Chinese film 'Finding Mr. Right' at the. Harbour. It was a most enjoyable afternoon listening to Chinese Cultural Centre. the various artists and looking at the talented young dancers. John Pilger's film ' The Coming War on ', was shown twice at the Riverside Theatre, Parramatta, on The CWA meeting at SMSA featured Gordon Mar's talk two Saturday evenings. I was lucky to see it, and for 'Jesus Christ's Younger Brother was a Chinaman', a those who did not know about it, please do not miss the history of the Boxer Rebellion. SBS screening on Easter Sunday, 16th April, at 8.30pm. It is a must-see gripping documentary of warning and an Associate Professor Karyn Lai, from the Faculty of Arts inspiring story of people's resistance. and Social Sciences, University of NSW, gave a most interesting talk at the Leichhardt Library., with her Best wishes for Happy Easter and Anzac Day holidays! insights of Chinese philosophy and the Good Life. She has promised to be a guest speaker at one of our ACFS Margaret Yung Kelly general meetings later this year. President, April 2017

The Chinese Australian Historical Society screened 'The Dalfram Dispute 1938 at SMSA. Produced and directed New Members: by Sara Tires, this documentary was about the historic A warm welcome to Peter and Carol Mara strike of wharfies refusing to load the Dalfram with pig iron to Japan because of the Japanese government's Donations: atrocities against Chinese civilians during the Rape of A big ‘thankyou’ to Mark Seeto, E A Evans, Dr Rosita Nanking, and the fact that the pig iron would be used Holenbergh for their generous donations! against China and possibly eventually Australia. Robert Menzies was later forever known as Pig Iron Bob.

Associate Professor Karyn Lai from the Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences at the University of New South Wales after her talk discussing the key insights of Chinese philosophy and how it is reflected in Chinese culture, including martial arts, art and calligraphy, and its views on health and food.

3 Dates for your Diary:

ACFS Regular Activities Qigong: Every Wednesday, 10am, Sydney Mechanics' School of Arts , 280 Pitt Street, Sydney, exercise class $15. Call Miranda Ho on 0402 918 383 Mandarin: Every Tuesday. General Language class 10.30am-12noon in our ACFS Rooms, $17. Contact Mark Seeto, ph. 0417 691 988 or email: [email protected]

SYDNEY ASIAN ART SERIES

NEW THINKING ON ART FROM ACROSS ASIA

The Sydney Asian Art Series is a dedicated series of talks on Asian art co- presented by the University of Sydney’s China Studies Centre, The Power Institute, and VisAsia, with support from the Art Gallery of New South Wales and Sydney Ideas. The series will bring to Sydney four international guest speakers each year over the next three years, addressing topics in early, modern and contemporary Asian art.

Land Lords: Art, Property and Law in Post-Nineties China By Joan Kee, Associate Professor of the History of Art, University of Michigan

Saturday 20 May | 2:30pm Domain Theatre Art Gallery of New South Wales

The ACFS Bulletin is kindly sponsored by: CTS Australia

Ph: 1300 764 224; email: [email protected]

4 ACFS Out and About

At Parliament House Theatrette for the book review of 'The End of the History of Anti -Chinese Policy .

Margaret Kelly with Jack Ma and Judy Morley at the inauguration of the Morley & Ma Scholarship at the University of Newcastle

Margaret Kelly, Peng Tow, Pete and Kaye Bannister with Bob Carr, at UTS ACRI talk by Colin Hawes, 3 rd from left.

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CHINESE CONTEMPORARY ART MONTH : 31 March - 29 April 2017

Containing two main exhibitions, four forums and a plethora of associated events, Chinese Contemporary Art Month, following its successful inauguration last year and serving as the highlight and signature event of China Cultural Centre's 2017 calendar, seeks to deliver a panoramic picture of Chinese contemporary art through an interdisciplinary lens, facilitating constructive communication and exchange of ideas between Chinese and Australian contemporary artists, collectors, curators and creative industry professionals at large.

Hosted by: China Cultural Centre (Sydney) Sydney College of the Arts Art Nova 100

Supported by: Australia-China Cultural Exchange Association ; Beijing Culture and Arts Fund ’ Mingtai Culture ; Z ART Chinese Modern & Contemporary Art Document (CCAD) Nan Hai Culture & Media (Australia) Pty Ltd.

The World Is Not Flat - Chinese Contemporary Video Art

Inspired by themes explored in the Thomas L. Friedman bestseller The World is Flat (2005), this unique exhibition covers a wide variety of concepts including poetry expression, virtual creativity, idealism and speculative realism, and aims to break prejudiced ideas of the world through visually reconstructing the space and environment we live in.

Featured artists include Bai Lei, Bai Qingwen, Cai Yuanhe, Cui Yanbin, Feng Wei, Geng Xue, Li Tintin, Liang Hao, Liu Qianyi, Peng Yun, Ren Lun, Song Xi, Tian Xiaolei, Wang Ruihan and Yan Junjie.

Curated by: Chen Lin, Liu Yiping Time & Date: 10am - 1pm & 2pm - 5pm, Tuesday - Saturday, 31 March - 29 April 2017 Venue: China Cultural Centre (Sydney) - 151 Castlereagh St, Sydney NSW 2000 Entry: Free

Australia-China ties need to make maintaining its traditional political and economic ties with the United States. China will take a more important role in globalisation work the world economy and Australia's economic fortunes will 19 March 2017 be more connected to China in the future. The United Author: He Fan, Peking University States is the third biggest trading partner of Australia. But Australia-US trade is only 30 per cent of Australia's trade On the surface, all seems well in the Australia-China with China, and Australia has a large trade deficit with the relationship. China is growing rapidly and Australia United States. continues to benefit heavily from China's rise. China is already Australia's largest trade partner. Australia is the China has no interest in changing the US-Australia political second most popular location for China's overseas direct and defence alliance, since it sees no potential threats from investment. And as China's economy continues to expand Australia. Neither Australia nor China wants drastic change. and hundreds of millions of its middle class consumers are The trees want to be still, but the wind is blowing. Australia eager to spend, more opportunities are opening for and China need to change their domestic and international bilateral trade and investment. policies to be prepared for whatever contingency.

Domestically, both countries must speed up much-needed The governments of both countries appear to be working structural reform. China can no longer be an exporter of hard to build an extensive and strong relationship. The cheap products, and Australia seeks to reduce its Australia-China Free Trade Agreement has been in force dependency on the export of raw materials. If China can since December 2015. More than 86 per cent of Australian liberalise its services sector, inviting more investment - goods exports to China now enter duty free. This should both domestic and foreign capital - to healthcare, rise to 94 per cent by 2019 and 96 per cent by 2029. education, logistics, finance and insurance, it can stimulate Australia will also reduce or remove its consumption and greatly improve the living standards of tariffs on Chinese imports. More Chinese tourists, students more than one billion Chinese people. China has the rare and workers will come to Australia and travel the other way. opportunity kill several birds with one stone.

But a spanner has been thrown into the works. With And if Australia can increase its competitiveness in the Donald Trump as the new US President, the United States is services sector, many Australian companies may find profit acting as if it wants to challenge the international political in the expanding Chinese market. This should be the co- and economic order it helped to build. evolution of the Australian and Chinese economies.

Many Chinese are confused about what the United States Internationally, both countries need to work together to wants and what it will do. President Trump threatened he make globalization work. Compared with their peers in the would label China as a currency manipulator. Yes, the United States and Europe, policymakers and the general Chinese government has intervened in the foreign populace in both Australia and China tend to have more exchange market, but the purpose of this was to prevent favourable opinions of globalisation. the value of the renminbi (RMB) from falling. Does Trump really want China to stop these interventions and allow the China is very concerned about rising protectionism in the RMB to depreciate further? United States and the fallout from Brexit, and is willing to cooperate with other countries to maintain a liberal Trump also criticised the trade imbalance between China international economic order. But China itself may not have and the United States. It is a problem, but it is the result of the diplomatic skills and capacity to assume global a more fundamental macroeconomic imbalance. And what leadership, nor does it have the ambition. Even worse, kind of feasible solution can the United States provide? some signals in China show that its 'opening up' policy is slowing down. Australians are also confused. During his conversation with Australian Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull, Trump The worst-case scenario is that countries like Australia and reportedly called Australia's refugee settlement agreement China finally turn inward and close their doors. Then there with the United States 'the worst deal ever'. It was a would be walls everywhere and the world would be split wakeup call and has raised concerns about the alliance into belligerent trading blocs. Only when countries relationship between the United States and Australia. in this region work together can we deliver a more promising future. On his first day in the White House, President Trump quit the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). The TPP was supposed As the Red Queen told Alice, 'it takes all the running you to deliver high standard international trade rules to deepen can do to keep in the same place'. Welcome to the Looking- economic ties. With the exit of the United States, where is Glass World. the international trade regime going? He Fan is Professor of Economics at the HSBC Business The best option now for Australia is to further develop its School, Peking University. economic relationship with China while at the same time

Speech by President Margaret Kelly to Chinese Community Meeting to China in the early days and also travelled to the Thank you King Fong and the Australian Chinese Workers countryside with the barefoot doctors. Association for this opportunity to tell you something about our Society. We are an English speaking Society of members with multinational backgrounds.. While we are a not for profit organisation, run by volunteers, and modestly funded by members and their We run a weekly Chinese Mandarin class and a weekly donations, we have a very rich 64 year history of people to qigong class. We have two monthly meetings with guest people relations. speakers expert on things Chinese. We also organize social outings. Members receive a monthly Bulletin containing ACFS NSW was founded by Australian academic Professor details of Society events and articles of interest. C.P. Fitzgerald and others in 1952 - to promote friendship and understanding between the peoples of Australia and We still organize tours to China and other countries every China. year. Last year we went to China on the Spirit of the Long March tour, and also went to Spain and Portugal. Although the government had changed, we still wanted to be friends with the Chinese people. I want to share an inspiring story. In 1980, Ken & Judy We facilitated educational, cultural and social exchanges Morley from Newcastle went with their young family to between the two countries. China on an ACFS tour. While in Hangzhou they met and We visited and donated money and books to poor Chinese befriended a young Jack Ma, now China's richest man and schools. founder of internet company Alibaba, who was then a schoolboy trying to improve his English by approaching We were the first to organize tours to China so that foreign tourists in public parks. Young David Morley and Australians could see and experience China for themselves. Jack Ma became pen pals, and father Ken Morley later took In the early days of the People"s Republic of China, before over the correspondence and friendship, and helped Jack to 1975, there were no diplomatic relations between Australia further his education. In 1985, Ken invited Jack who was and China, and anybody wishing to go to China had to go then a teacher, to visit Newcastle during vacation. Jack Ma through the Society. At one time we had over 6000 said the 29 days in Newcastle changed his life, and made members! him the man he is today. Jack wanted to show his gratitude and honour his mentor Ken Morley who died in 2004. ACFS donated to the National Museum of Australia a 50 metre scroll 'The Harvest of Endurance', specially I was in Newcastle last month when Jack Ma flew in to commissioned to represent two centuries of contact with announce the Ma & Morley Scholarship Program - a $26 an immigration to Australia - stories of hardship, survival, million scholarship to the University of Newcastle, for not resourcefulness and reward are painted in traditional only smart students but those from indigenous background gongbi style. Do go and see it when you are in Canberra. and financially disadvantaged families. The 90 students every year on the program should become 'ambassadors of My father, Luther Yung, and my uncle, Vivian Chow Yung, responsibility, courage and wisdom, and work for social were born in Australia but went to China as journalists. justice and world peace'. As David Morley said in his speech Vivian published the United China magazine. Luther ended at the ceremony, if it were not for ACFS, there would be no up as Secretary/Manager of the North China Daily News , such legacy. an English newspaper in Shanghai. On his return to Sydney in 1953, Luther was the first foreign journalist to come out Our ACFS tour in October this year is to experience China's of Communist China and was asked to give a talk at the amazing . If anyone is interested in joining the tour, Australian Institute of International Affairs. He was one of please contact us. Details are on our website - the early Presidents of ACFS. They were Australian citizens www.acfsnsw.org.au . Our tours are the friendliest around but loved Australia and China. I am honoured to be the and the best value for money. current President of the Society. If any of you would like to support our aims of promoting Our Patron is the wonderful former Governor of NSW, friendship and understanding between the peoples of Professor Dame. Marie Bashir. Dame Marie was a very Australia and China, please join our Society - we would love early member of the Society and actually led an ACFS tour to welcome you.

Margaret Yung Kelly

8 Australia China Friendship Society 澳 中 友 好 協 会 NSW INC .

Invites you to join our ACFS-Silk Road Discovery tour, the 27 nights, and 28 Days tour retrace the steps of Marco Polo along the legendary Silk Road of China, from Xi’an to Urumqi, Kashgar, , Minfeng, Kuche, Korla, , Dunhuang, Jiayuguan, Lanzhou and Xiahe. We have been able to obtain for members and friends this specially priced tour, organized by CHINA TRAVEL SERVICE (AUST.) PTY. LTD. (Licence No. 2TA001849) The tour will depart from Sydney on 14 October 2017 and arrive back in Sydney on 10 November 2017 . Please complete the attached booking form and return to Ms Amy Rae, China Travel Service (Aust) Pty. Ltd Sydney Office, Level 1, Suite 3 -7, 650 George Street, Sydney 2000 as soon as possible to secure your place on this fabulous tour.

Please make cheque deposit of $500 payable to CHINA TRAVEL SERVICE The balance of the tour costs is payable by 02 August 2017 and a meeting of tour members will be held about two weeks prior to departure. Travel Insurance is essential. CTS Amy Rae (Tel: 02 9372 0081. Email:[email protected]) can arrange it at special minimal cost or you can make your own arrangement. Book as soon as possible DON’T MISS OUT!! Tour Leader is ACFS Committee member Dr Peter Weitzel Tel: 0402 385 481 Email: [email protected]

Tour Inclusions: Tour Exclusions:

*Twin share room at 4-5 star hotels *Travel Insurance *Fully inclusive tour with breakfast, lunches and & dinners *Personal expenses *Transfers, tours including admission fees *International & domestic flights with airport taxes and fuel surcharges *National English speaking escort *Local English speaking guides / *Tipping / *Travel bag

Tour Cost: $7800 per person on twin share Single Room Supplement: $1,420

ACFS – Silk Road Discovery Tour 14October-10 November 2017 (27 Nights/28 Days)

Day 01(14 Oct): Sydney / Beijing Fly from Sydney to Beijing with Air China on an overnight flight CA174 @ 2040. Day 02(15 Oct): Beijing / Xi’an (D) Arrive in Beijing at 0530, connect to flight CA1231 @ 0735 to Xi’an. Upon arrival into Xi’an, you will be greeted by CTS guide and transferred to your hotel. You will have the rest of day at leisure. In the evening, enjoy a welcome dinner at a local restaurant. Hotel: Titian Times Hotel (5*) Day 03(16 Oct): Xi’an (B/L/D) Morning tour to the greatest archaeological discovery of the century, where more than 2,000 year-old Terracotta Warriors were interred with the Emperor Qin Shi Huang. The visit also includes the Circle Vision Movie and Bronze Chariot. During the evening, you will sample a Xi’an dumpling dinner. Afterwards, you will experience the magnificent Show. Hotel: Titian Times Hotel (5*) Day 04(17 Oct): Xi’an (B/L/D) This morning, we will visit the Ancient City Wall and Shaanxi Museum. In the afternoon, we walk through the lively Muslim Quarter and market to visit the Great Mosque , the best-preserved Islamic mosque in China; there are about 30,000 Chinese Muslims in Xi’an. Hotel: Titian Times Hotel (5*)

9 Day 05(18 Oct): Xi’an/Urumqi (B/D) After breakfast, you are free at leisure until transferred to the airport for flight CZ6965 @12:30 to Urumqi, the capital of , China’s huge western region. In Urumqi, take a city tour if time permit, which gives you a glimpse of the major sights of this northwestern city. Populated by Uyghur, Han people and thirteen ethnic minorities, Urumqi is quite different from the usual Chinese street scene. Here you can see nomadic Kazakhs, a Middle Eastern bazaar, a -carving centre and more. Hotel: Luxemon Xinjiang Yin Du Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 06(19 Oct): Urumqi (B/L/D) After breakfast, Visit Shan Xi Mosque and Xinjiang Museum. Afterwards, we will go to Erdaoqiao Bazaar to explore the local goods. Hotel: Luxemon Xinjiang Yin Du Hotel (4*) or similar Day 07(20 Oct): Urumqi (B/L/D) After breakfast, drive to Tianchi Lake (Lake of Heaven), nestled in the Tianshan Mountain range. Take a boat ride and enjoy breath-taking views of a crystal clear lake (if the weather permits). Hotel: Luxemon Xinjiang Yin Du Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 08(21 Oct): Urumqi/Kashgar (B/L/D) Free till transferred to the airport for flight CA1477 @13:30 to Kashgar, a key hub on the ancient Silk Road. Upon arrival, transfer to your hotel. After lunch, we will visit Id Kah Emin Mosque , one of the largest in China, the Old Town and the Tomb of the Fragrant Lady . Hotel: Qinibagh Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 09(22 Oct): Kashgar (B/L/D) After breakfast, head directly to the Great Bazaar , alive with storybook scenes: thousands of merchants haggling over camels, carpets and other native goods; imams on donkeys and veiled women in their black robes. Also visit the old city. It an amazing day. Hotel: Qinibagh Hotel (4*) Day 10(23 Oct): Kashgar-Kalakuri Lake-Kashgar (B/L/D) After breakfast, head directly to Kalakuri Lake for a full day excursion tour. It's the biggest alpine lake in the world located on lower altitudes. The lake has 2 basins separated by a peninsula. It is the highest lake of the Pamir plateau, near the junction of the Pamir, and Kunlun mountain ranges. Surrounded by mountains which remain snow-covered throughout the year, the three highest peaks visible from the lake are the Muztagh Ata (7,546 m), Kongur Tagh (7,649m) and Kongur Tiube (7,530m). The lake is popular among travellers for its beautiful scenery and the clarity of its reflection in the water, whose color ranges from a dark green to azure and light blue. There are two Kirgiz settlements along the shore of lake, a small number of yurts about 1km east of the bus drop-off point and a village with stone houses located on the western shores. Hotel: Qinibagh Hotel (4*) or similar Day 11(24 Oct): Kashgar-Khotan (B/L/D) After breakfast, travel by coach to Hotan (around 550km/8 hours). On the way, visit the Tomb of Yarkant King and Yingisar Knives City . Upon arrival in Khotan, check in at your hotel. Hotel: Hotan Hua Yu Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 12(25Oct): Khotan (B/L/D) Khotan, also transliterated from Chinese as Hetian, is a major oasis town in southwestern Xinjiang. The oasis of Khotan is strategically located at the junction of the southern (and most ancient) branch of the Silk Road joining China and the West with one of the main routes from ancient and Tibet to Central Asia and distant China. It provided a convenient meeting place

10 where not only goods, but technologies, philosophies, and religions were transmitted from one culture to another. We will visit the local Bazaar , Old City , Jade & Carpet Factories . Hotel: Hotan Hua Yu Hotel (4*) or similar Day 13(26 Oct): Khotan (B/L/D) After breakfast, we will visit Malikwat Ruins and Rewake Temple Ruins . Melikawat Ruins is located on the western bank of the Yurung-kash River, 25 kilometres to the southwest of Khotan City, in an area about 1400 metres long from south to north and about 800-900 metres wide from east to west. It is a large site that was of significance in the ancient , with large government buildings and monasteries. In about the fourth century CE, Khotan had more than 5,000 Buddhist temples and monasteries. The site is buried under several metres of silt, built up over centuries from the Yorungkash / White Jade River. What is seen today is only the tops of the largest buildings. Hotel: Hotan Hua Yu Hotel (4*) or similar Day 14(27 Oct): Khotan-Minfeng (B/L/D) After breakfast, we will drive to Minfeng (around 240 km/3.5 hours). Upon arrival, we will visit Niya Museum and the Desert First Village . Check in at your hotel. Hotel: Minfeng Dihuang International Hotel (4*) or similar Day 15(28 Oct): Minfeng-Kuche (B/L/D) Today, we will drive from Minfeng to Kuche(around 732km/8 hours). On the way, enjoy the beautiful scenery of Taklimakan Desert , the second largest desert of the world. Upon arrival in Kuche, check in at your hotel. Hotel: Kuche Grand Hotel (4*) Day 16(29 Oct): Kuche (B/L/D) Today, visit Kizil Thousand Buddha Caves , the Old City and Kuqa Palace . The Kizil Thousand-Buddha Caves sit on the cliffs on the northern bank of the Muzat River, 7 kilometres (4.34 miles) southeast of Kizil town. Cut the third century to eighth or ninth century, it is the earliest Buddhist art treasure trove in China, even one century earlier than the famous Mogao Grottoes. Currently there are 236 coded caves preserved, which are divided into west and inner valley and rear mountain areas extending to over 3 kilometres (1.86 miles). On June 22, 2014, it was included in the World Heritage List. Kuche Royal Palace is located in downtown area of Kuqa. In 1759, Emperor Qianlong of the ordered to build a palace for Uygur leader E Dui who made a great contribution to put down rebellion of Senior and Junior Hojars. This palace was built with the architectural style of Han Culture and Islam. Hotel: Kuche Grand Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 17(30 Oct): Kuche (B/L/D) After breakfast, tour the Keziliya Grand Canyon and Dragon Pond . Hotel: Kuche Grand Hotel (4*) or similar The Keziliya Grand Canyon, also known as Kuqa (or Kuche) Gorge , was discovered in summer of 1999 by a young Shepherd. In 2003, due to its unique scenery, it was elected as one of the Top Ten Beautiful Canyons in China. UNESCO has organized experts to observe and study the gorge twice. Hotel: Kuche Grand Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 18(31 Oct): Kuche-Korla (B/L/D) After breakfast, visit Subashi Ruins , the ruins of the Subashi Temple, located 23 kilometres (about 14 miles) northwest of Kuqa County. It was added to the World Heritage List on June 22, 2014. The Subashi Ruins occupy a relatively large area, divided by Kuqa River into eastern and western areas. The extent of the ruins reflects the temple's past brilliance. Subashi Temple witnessed the development and the height of splendor of in this land. The temple was built in the first century and reached its peak during the sixth to the eighth centuries in the Sui and Tang dynasties. During later years, the temple had over 10 thousand monks and many hierarchs came from the interior of China to promote and develop Buddhism. Afterwards, drive to Korla (around 300km/3 hours). Upon arrival, visit Bostern Lake , one of the largest inland freshwater lakes in China. Westerners sometimes refer to Bosten Lake as the “Oriental Hawaii of Xinjiang” because of its unique lush scenery surrounded by the harsh Gobi Desert. Hotel: Silver Star Hotel (4*) or similar.

11 Day 19(01 Nov): Korla-Turpan (B/L/D) In the morning, visit Tiemen Pass . Then, transfer by coach to Turpan (around 400km/4 hours). Upon arrival in Turpan, visit Turpan Museum , local bazaar and Jiaohe Ancient City , where large fragments of actual streets and buildings remain. Check in at your hotel and stay for 2 nights. Hotel: Turpan Huozhou Hotel (4*) or similar Day 20(02 Nov): Turpan (B/L/D) Today sightseeing features Ancient City , the ancient walled capital of the Uighurs, which flourished between the 7th and 14th centuries. We will also visit Grape Valley , in lush contrast to the desert surrounding it, and the amazing 2,000- year-old Karez Irrigation Tunnels , which brought water from melting snow on the mountains to this parched city. Then visit the Flaming Mountains , named for their vibrant color and Suliman's Minaret . Hotel: Turpan Huozhou Hotel (4*) or similar Day 21(03 Nov): Turpan=Dunhuang (B/D) Transfer to the railway station, take the bullet train from Turpan to Dunhuang, an important stop along the Silk Road which has a history of over 2,000 years. It has been important for thousands of years because it used to be the start point of the Ancient Silk Road. Upon arrival, you will be greeted by your local guide and transferred to your hotel. Afterwards, we will be taken on a camel ride through the “ Singing Sand Dunes ” in the desert. Hotel: Dunhuang Hotel (4*) or similar

Day 22(04 Nov): Dunhuang (B/L/D) Today, we will visit the Mogao Grottoes , the World's richest treasure trove of Buddhist manuscripts and art. It began in 386AD and was added to over the next 9 centuries. The grottoes total over 45,000 square metres and boast over 2,000 murals and sculptures. Then, visit Dunhuang Museum . After dinner, enjoy a very special local performance ‘The Grand Ceremony of Dunhuang’. Hotel: Dunhuang Hotel (4*) or similar Day 23(05 Nov): Dunhuang-Jiayuguan (B/L/D) Drive to Jiayuguan, historically a small township engaged in local trading, catering to the needs of the military garrisons stationed at the fort in 1372. Visit Jiayuguan Pass built during the to protect the last frontier of the Chinese empire. Hotel: Jiayuguan Hotel (4*) or similar Day 24(06 Nov): Jiayuguan-Lanzhou (B/L/D) Transfer to the railway station and take the bullet train from Jiayuguan to Lanzhou, an important stop along the Silk Road which has a history of over 2,000 years. It has been important for thousands of years because of the Hexi Corridor, or "Corridor West of the Yellow River", where early Chinese civilization began. We tour White Pagoda Hill , Iron Bridge , Water Wheel and Five Springs Park . Tonight you will sample the famous “Hand Stretched Noodles Banquet”. Hotel: Lanzhou Legend Hotel (4*) Day 25(07 Nov): Lazhou-Xiahe (B/L/D) Today we drive to Xiahe through the scenic Mountain Pass. On the way, visit Bingling Grottoes by boat. Upon arrival in Xiahe, check in at your hotel. Bingling Grottoes or Bingling Thousand Buddha Caves is located on the Small Jishi Hill in Lanzhou City. Being one of the very noted four caves in China, it is the second to Mogao Caves in respect of artistic value and was added to the World Heritage List on June 22, 2014. Bingling means 'ten thousand Buddhas' in the Tibetan language. The starting construction time of Bingling Thousand Buddha Caves dates back to the Western Jin Dynasty (265-316). In the following dynasties, the caves were excavated many times. There are now 183 niches, 694 stone statues, 82 clay sculptures and some 900 square metres' (about 1,076 square yards') of murals, which are all well preserved. Hotel: Xiehe Civil Aviation Hotel (4*)

Day 26(08 Nov): Xiahe (B/L/D) Xiahe County is a melting pot of Chinese, Middle Eastern and nomadic cultures, and is home to one of the six great monasteries of the Gelukpa (Yellow Hat) Sect. The highlight today is to visit mystical Labrang Monastery and Sangke Grasslands . Hotel: Xiehe Civil Aviation Hotel (4*) *If Xiahe is closed to visitors by local authority, we will revise the itinerary accordingly. Day 27(09 Nov): Xiahe-Lanzhou/Beijing/Sydney (B/L) Drive back to Lanzhou Airport for flight CA1272 @15:30 to Beijing. Arrive at 17:45, connect to flight CA173 @ 00:50 to Sydney.

Day 28(10 Nov): Sydney Arrive at 15:30pm.

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