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OCTOBER 1960 20 CENTS OUTDOOR IN

DIVISIONS AND DIR Enforcement-John D. Ia Engineering-Henry Ck Entomology-John J. F Fish and Game-Hugh G Forestry-Ralph F. Wilcox Geological Survey-John B.

CONTENTS LT. GOV. PARKER TOURS CONSERVATION EXHIBITS...... 1 "HUNT AM ERICA TIM E"...... 2 FIRE DANGER! PROTECTION AND PREVENTION...... 3 COLLARED BUCKS ARE LEGAL GAME ...... 4 UPLAND GAME SEASONS SET...... 5 NEWSOGRAM ...... 6 ROSCOE TURNER FLIGHT STRIP DEDICATED ...... 8 WILDLIFE DISTRIBUTION SURVEY MAPS...... 11 KNOW YOUR DUCKS-FIELD GUIDE FOR HUNTERS...... 16 "IT'S THE DANIEL BOONE INFLUENCE"...... 18 STRANGER THAN FICTION-CITY RAISED QUAIL...... 23 CONSERVATION CORPORATION DIRECTORS MEET...... 26 REDHEAD AND CANVASBACK RESTRICTIONS...... 29 ELM ER ...... 30 MIDWEST NURSERYMEN MEET ...... 31 STRATA DATA-GEOLOGY BRIEF ...... 3rd Cover

Vol. IV, No. 4 OUTDOOR October, 1960 WALTER L. THOMPSON, Editor MARJORIE J. GROVER, Associate Editor MAC HEATON, Art Editor HERMAN MACKEY, Photo Editor PEGGY JONES, Circulation

Published monthly by the Indiana Department of Conservation, 311 W. Washington St., 9. Subscription price $1.50 a year. Second-class mail privileges authorized at Indianapolis, Indiana. Permission for reprinting material from this issue is hereby given with a request that proper credit be given.

13 LT. GOVERNOR PARKER TOURS CONSERVATION EXHIBITS AT STATE FAIR

Mr. Parker and Mr. Marlin looking over a specially outfitted trailer which is part of the department's forest fire fighting equipment.

CRAWFORD F. PARKER, Lieutenant It is estimated that ninety per cent of Governor and Commissioner of Agricul- the total State Fair attendance visits the ture of the State of Indiana, made an conservation building and grounds. informal tour of the Conservation Build- Complimentary copies of Outdoor In- ing during the 1960 State Fair and vis- diana were given to all at the Public ited the exhibits of each division of the Relations booth and new subscriptions Department of Conservation. taken. Six hundred new subscribers were Mr. Parker was escorted on his tour added to the growing list of friends of by Department Director Kenneth Mar- conservation. A lin. The general theme of this year's dis- plays was equipment and advanced meth- ods used in accomplishing the vital work of the various divisions and the impor- tance of these accomplishments to the individual citizen. There were also extensive live displays of wildlife, both indoors and out, includ- ing fish, reptiles, birds and animals.

This family was one of countless, new friends and old, who took the opportunity to meet and greet the Lieutenant Governor during his visit to the Conservation Building.

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 1 "HUNT AMERICA TIME"

A DO-IT-YOURSELF PROGRAM to restore call on landowners and ask them to per- landowners' confidence in America's mit public hunting. Landowner contact hunters will be sponsored this fall for the is the second key to "Hunt America fourth consecutive year by the Izaak Time". League chapters will provide Walton League of America, national out- landowners with free signs reading doorsmen's organization. Called "Hunt "Hunting by Permission Only" and America Time", the program carries the "Safety Zone-No Hunting Near Build- slogan, "Respect Private Property - ings" and will post the signs if manpower Save Public Hunting". permits. America has a rich heritage as a nation Experience indicates, since the pro- of hunters. In sharp contrast to the Euro- gram was first carried out in 1957, that pean system, where hunting is for the local outdoorsmen can have a determin- rich landowner only, all classes of Ameri- ing effect on relationships between land- cans have long enjoyed this splendid out- owners and sportsmen, for local "Hunt door pursuit. America Time" programs have reversed Today, of course, hunting is an impor- a trend of decades toward posting of tant means of relief from the tensions of private property. The problem of hunter- modern living and a wonderful introduc- landowner relations is national but its tion to the world of nature. But these solution is strictly local. The project for socially important experiences may be 1960 is designed to permit each chapter denied present and future generations if to select those portions of a complete hunters do not do a better job of respect- over-all program that fit local needs. It is ing the property of others. almost "cafeteria" style; that is, city Game is the property of the people of chapters can select portions of the proj- the but the land on which ect-contacting city hunters who might otherwise destroy relations with most hunting is done is private; thus, rural hunting is a privilege, not a right! landowners if not contacted before they leave the cities, while rural chapters can "Hunt America Time" is simply a concentrate on contacting landowners. hunter education program. It is in two parts: The "Hunt America Time" program is distributed in kit form to every chap- One effort is directed at hunters; by ter by the League with order blanks for publicity, speeches, individual contact materials enclosed and supplies are pro- and especially by manning booths in vided at cost. Responsible landowner and sporting goods stores and other places other outdoor groups in areas not served where hunters congregate, Izaak Walton by the League may order supplies for chapters encourage hunters to read and local use sign and promise to observe a pledge to at the same price as League be law abiding, to respect the rights and chapters. property of others and to be careful of Inquiries should be addressed to: The fire and firearms. Izaak Walton League of America, 1326 Then with demonstrations and public- Waukegan Road, Glenview, Illinois. De- ity on vandalism prevention, hunter tailed information about the project will safety, firearms use and other keys to be provided along with samples of the good conduct, League chapter members fence post signs and other materials. A

Page 2 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Small but mighty, the radio-equipped fire-fighting jeep can get to a trouble spot in a hurry. Fire Danger! Be Prepared for Fiire a 6-foot wooden handle to a piece of strap iron that has 4 or 5 mower-sickle Know the forest fire protection men in sections riveted to it. your area. Learn how to contact them and how, when and where they can help. Use Fire Safely Get their advice on simple protective measures for your farm and woodlands. Obtain advice from local fire warden Post fire-warning notices around farm or fire chief on how and when to burn. woodlands. Follow advice of forest fire Know the regulations on burning. Be protection men on how to maintain fire- sure to get permit if required. breaks between farm woods and brush- Notify your neighbors and nearby fire land or pastures and how to cut firebreaks protection organizations about when and through woods to make them accessible where you plan to burn. for fire fighting. Burn when there is little or no wind, Know how regular farm equipment- after 4 p. m. or according to local regula- tractors, plows, disc harrows, orchard tions. Plow or rake a clean safety strip sprayers, hand water pumps, shovels, around the area to be burned. rakes, axes--can be used to fight forest Keep piles of debris small. Start burn- fires. Provide fire extinguishers and hoses ing pile on its windward side. If you are for use with your pressurized water burning more than one pile, begin burn- system. ing with piles at top of hill or on leeward Improve your forest fire fighting with side of field. these easily constructed fire tools. A fire Have plenty of help, tools and water swatter can be made by attaching a 2- on hand. Never leave fire unattended. foot piece of wide belting to a long han- Make sure all fire is dead out when burn- dle. To make a reliable fire rake, attach ing is completed. A October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 3 COLLARED BUCKS ARE LEGAL GAME

As YOU HUNT during the coming deer Department of Conservation, 311 West season you may see deer wearing red, Washington Street, Indianapolis 9, In- green, red and white, yellow, black, or diana. Include the date the deer was orange and black collars. You may see killed and the location of the kill. You other deer with colored plastic streamers may keep the collar as a souvenir if de- hanging from their ears. These animals sired and we will return the tag to you have been marked and released as a part if you want it. You will be given com- of a study designed to obtain informa- plete information on the history of your tion concerning the movements of deer. deer. Already valuable data has been col- We have learned that many of these lected from persons who have seen and transplanted deer travel a long way. Dis- reported these deer. However, more is tances of 10 to 20 miles are common, and needed and you can help by letting us one doe traveled from Martin County know if you kill one of them. State Forest to Columbus, Indiana-a All deer wearing collars will have two distance of 60 airline miles. A buck numbered tags, one attached to the collar moved from Lieber State Park in Putnam and the other to the ear of the animal. County to - Deer wearing ear streamers will have a distance of 40 airline miles. only the ear tag. There have been other To summarize - if you see a buck deer released marked only with an ear wearing either a collar or an ear streamer, tag. The tag numbers are recorded in our bag it if you can, but let us know about files. it. We'll appreciate it. Does, of course, If you should kill any of these deer, with or without collars, are not legal please return the tag to the Indiana game. m

Collared deer (above) being released from the game truck. Deer marked with ear stream- er and tag, only, is seen in rapid flight at the left. Upland Game Seasons Set for 1960

BY DISCRETIONARY ORDER NO. 88, the open seasons on pheasant, quail, Hungarian partridge and rabbit for 1960 were set by Kenneth Marlin, director of the Department of Conservation, following a public hear- ing on September 9. The season begins for hunting all four species at 8:00 a. m. (legal time), Thursday, November 10, 1960. There shall be no hunting of these species on opening day prior to the designated hour. Hunting hours on succeeding days are from sunrise to sunset. Closing dates vary.

The pheasant season ends November 30. Daily bag limit is two cock pheasants with possession limit four, after the second day. Bag limit on state owned hunting areas is one cock pheasant per day only. There is no open season on hen pheasants; protect them at all times. The open season for both quail and Hungarian par- tridge closes December 20. Bag and possession limits are ten and thirty for quail; five and ten for partridge.

The rabbit season extends into 1961, ending Jan- uary 10. Daily bag limit, five; possession limit, ten. All dates are inclusive with the exception of such Sundays as fall within the stated seasons. No Sunday hunting is allowed in Indiana.

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 5 by Clayton Bushong, Research Proj ect Leader

Last month we reported on the 1959 game harvest and promised in this issue to give you the outlook for 1960. Estimated are based upon results of the Rural Letter Carriers' Game Survey, conducted the first week in August, The excellent cooperation of the carriers in reporting game observed is really ap- preciated, since such a survey permit's thorough, quick coverage of the entire state. While the gen- eral outlookis not the best, keep in mind that within each region there are some areas with high game populations. Here's how it looks.

PHEASANT~S .,,Statewide, about the same as last year. The central part; of the state has fewer birds than in 1959 and hunting will be poorer.' Repro- duction was exceptionally good in the northwest. While the northeast showed a slight decrease, number of young per adult increased. Best bet for the up- land game hunter this year is on pheasants.

QUAIL . . . This is not the year to sell your dog, but results may make it a little more difficult to explain dog food purchases and veterinary bills to your wife. Quail show a decrease all over, with the greatest drop in the northern one-third of the state. Smallest decreases are in the southwest and birds will be bagged this year, it is nothing to cause alarm. Indiana is f enough north that t ups and downs will always happen periodically.

RABBITS . Hunters in the eastern half of the state will find slightly fewer rabbits than in 1959, but in the western half there is a sizeable decrease. The area of pronounced drop also edges over into most of south central Indiana.

WHY THE DECREASES? . . Heavy snow over most of the state in February and March, and the big rains of southern Indiana in June, hurt the quail and rabbit crop. Pheasants continued to demonstrate their ruggedness during the February-March period. Throughout the nesting season many more pairs of quail than usual were seen without young. It doesn't take a crystal ball to see that, weatherwise, we could have done better. Exceptionally high humidity in many sections may have held down the July quail hatch. Successful nesting attempts in August would not be reflected in the Letter Carriers' Game Sur- vey. If August and September hatches were high, part of the loss will be recovered.

Once again we want to point out that all regions contain some areas of high population. This is especially true with rabbits. To summarize, quail and rabbits show a decided drop from last year, while pheasants remain about the same.

OUTLOOK FOR DEER SEASON . . . Good, The deer herd is on the increase, and those hunters who really work at it are going to get shooting. Gun hunters with a desire to eat venison should not overlook those last three days of the six-day season.

October, 1960 OUTDOOR IHDIANA Page 7 The first departure taxies out of the parking area at the close of the dedication. ROSCOE TURNER FLIGHT STRIP An innovation in accessibility opened at Shades State Park

THE RosCOE TURNER FLIGHT STRIP at The airstrip was named in honor of Shades State Park in Montgomery and pioneer flyer Colonel Roscoe Turner, Parke counties was formally dedicated Indiana's outstanding aviation expert, Sunday, September 18. This is the first who has devoted his life to the advance- state park to offer the convenience of a ment of aircraft and aviation. Colonel landing strip to attract flying guests. Turner was awarded the Distinguished The 3,000-foot runway, 200 feet wide, Flying Cross in 1952 by Act of Congress. located near the entrance to the park He has won both the from State Highway 234 will easily han- and the Henderson Trophy three times, dle planes of the four passenger, twin- the twice and the Ben- engine type. The parking area will ac- dix Trophy. His primary work in avia- commodate up to 200 planes and is so tion has been in forcing the development situated that flying guests need walk only of aircraft and engines capable of more a short distance to reach the Shades Inn and more speed. where they can enjoy fine food and over- Organizations sponsoring the dedica- night lodging. tion were the Indiana Department of

Page 8 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Among those seated on the speakers' platform who were keenly interested in the airstrip project or instrumental in its promotion were (back row, I. to r.) Kenneth Marlin, Direc- tor, Dept. of Conservation, and Richard L. Cunningham, Director, Dept. of Aeronautics; (2nd row, I. to r.) Lester Bayless, Superin- tendent, Shades State Park; Richard L. Rou- debush, Noblesville businessman and 6th District Republican Congressional candidate; Richard O. Ristine, Crawfordsville attorney and Republican candidate for Lt. Governor, and James F. Tucker of Paoli, Chairman of the State Conservation Commission, who deliv- ered the dedicatory address.

The , Byron Cox Ameri- The dedication ceremonies opened can Legion Post No. 72 of Crawfords- with the introduction of representatives ville, Flying Farmers of Indiana and of the several sponsoring groups and other flying groups, and the Indiana De- other distinguished guests. In Colonel partment of Conservation. The Honor- Turner's address, accepting the honor of able Ralph F. Gates, former governor of having the flight strip bear his name, he Indiana, presided as master of ceremo- commented that creating the landing nies for the dedication. facility at a state park was a remarkable Activities for the day started at 10 advance in our already high standard of a.m. with the presentation of a marching living. band and drill teams. At eleven o'clock James M. Tucker, chairman of the church services were held under the tow- Indiana Conservation Commission, pre- ering trees for which the Shades is noted, sented the principal address of the day conducted by Wm. T. Flanigan, Ameri- in which he enumerated several notable can Legion 6th District chaplain. advances in conservation throughout the

Mr. Tucker's excellent address was heard by an enthusiastic crowd. After the unveiling (bronze plaque shown below) Col. Turner posed for photos with Ralph F. Gates and Charles Curtin, chairmen for the dedication. A portion of the crowd under one of the venerable trees for which the Shades is noted. state, not the least of which was the new access to the Shades offered by the air- strip. An American Flag which had been flown over the National Capitol was pre- sented to Kenneth Marlin, director of the Department of Conservation, by the 6th District Congressional Representa- tive, Fred Wampler. The flag will be flown over the Shades State Park. Boy Scouts of Troop 25 from Indian- apolis, encamped at the park, earned Merit Badges in Aviation for their part in helping establish the airstrip and were given special recognition by Governor Gates.

Spectacular flyover salutes were made during the dedication by a jet squadron - from Bunker Hill Air Force Base and by the aviation wing of the Indiana Na- tional Guard. Landing of any aircraft on the field was delayed until 11 a.m. because of heavy fog over the area, resulting in somewhat fewer air guests than had been expected. A number of planes landed at Crawfordsville and waited out the fog. Nearly fifty aircraft arrived and were landed and parked in time for the dedi- cation at two o'clock, despite early bad weather and delayed landing clearance. A

Top and center, views of band and Legion drill team performances which were execut- ed on a section of the airstrip parking area opening the day's activities. Below, Colonel Turner congratulates Boy Scouts who were awarded Merit Badges in Aviation for their assistance on the airstrip.

Page 10 " OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Hunters' Guide to UPLAND GAME DISTRIBUTION

A YEAR AGO we ran a series of four maps showing distribution of pheasants, quail, Hungarian partridge and rabbits in the state. From the response following last year's publication, we feel it is desirable to print the latest series. Range maps on the following four pages were prepared by Wm. E. Ginn of the Fish and Game Division's Wildlife Research Section, based on information collected during the 1959 Summer Rural Letter Carriers' Game Survey. While good hunting can be found in some portions of the state showing low populations, average success will be higher in those areas where more observations were recorded.

PUBLIC HUNTING AND FISHING AREAS

NATIONAL FOREST UNITS KEY 1. Pleasant Run 2. Lost River-Patoka Division of Fish and Game 3. Lafayette Open to Public Hunting Areas Indiana State Forests Division of Fish and Game STATE FORESTS Open to Public Hunting Public Boat Launching Areas 1. Salamonie River 2. Frances Slocum 3. Owen-Putnam 4. Morgan-Monroe 5. Yellowwood 6. Selmier 7. Greene-Sullivan 8. Jackson 9. Martin 10. Clark 11. Harrison 12. Ferdinand 13. Pike

PUBLIC HUNTING PRESERVES 1. Pigeon River 2. Tri-County 3. Kankakee 4. Jasper-Pulaski 5. Willow Slough 6. Crosley 7. Glendale 8. Hovey Lake 9. Winamac

PUBLIC WATERS ACCESS AREAS 1. List available of all sites in shaded area . 2. Hog Lake « 3. Nyona Lake 4. Eel River (near Roann) 5. Brush Creek Lake 6. Wabash River (New Harmony) Pheasant Distribution

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AL1SO CA4CEV "BaLE- ."8LACKJACKS "7AVE. V/N&S 'WhISrLE NIN ONE OF OUR 5/4ALL- 8/44 S"0R "M8OAD8/L S." IAN6RO41PS OF 6-12 F4l6i'/7; A 9O4iVNQ ES7 DUCKS L'SL/ALLY SN/FrAND~ ERRAT/C FIX 5'k/Frl4, AL/6H* AUIBLE FOR /N VERY SMALL1- SOMiE 0/STANCE. RUNNING FLOCKS. T~AKEOFFC/I/AG TAKEOFF ino-, 11" o" Ammlo. "It's the DANIEL BOONE influence"

by W. L. THOMPSON, Editor

TARGET SHOOTING in Indiana and 500 competitors representing 48 states throughout the country has been on the and five foreign countries. The keen com- increase for years. There are several rea- petition lasts six days during which par- sons why. Two world wars and a "police ticipants set up "shop" in tents, trailers action" put guns into the hands of more and all available lodging. Many use this men than ever before, bringing about not meet as a vacation trip. only the ability to shoot at a live target Two types of muzzle loading guns are with effective results but also the urge to used-the bench type gun which weighs compete on a basis of skill. The hobby of as much as forty pounds, and the off- hand loading ammunition has made tar- hand gun which weighs from eight to ten get shooting less expensive and the abil- pounds. Gun values range from fifty to ity to combine shot, powder, gun and three hundred dollars. Targets are at 25 shooter into an accurately functioning yards for off-hand guns and at 50, 100, whole has a singleness of purpose which 200 and 300 yards for bench or prone promotes the spirit of competition. shooting. Trophies and medals are There are four main classes of target awarded through fourth place for each shooting with sub-categories in some. event. The medals are of gold, silver and The classes for rifles are the large calibers bronze. A national champion is selected for big game hunting using center or besides those who win the various events. rim-fire ammunition and the old muzzle So keen is the desire for perfection that loading rifles loaded with powder, bullet some shooters virtually make their own and primer cap. The other two classes are muzzle loaders. Many carve their own in shotgun competition, trap and skeet stocks by hand, some even drill the bar- shooting. National competition is held in rels of their rifles and exact measure- all four classes. Throughout the entire ments are held to on bullets, powder, country rifle and shotgun clubs partici- wadding, etc. In shooting at the target, pate in inter-club meets, state meets and wind and sunlight are factors studied eventually national meets. and compensated for to make a perfect Indiana is honored to be host for the hit. national meet of the National Muzzle Steps taken in loading a muzzle load- Loading Rifle Association held the first ing rifle were explained to us by Dan of September at the town of Friendship Cable of Belle-Font, Pa., who has been (Ripley County) in southeastern Indi- national champion many times. The gun ana. This meet was first held in 1931 at he has used since 1950 is .48-caliber us- Dillsboro, but in 1940 was moved to a ing 100 grains of F-2 black powder. Here more satisfactory location at Friendship. is the procedure he follows. Fig. 1. Cleans This year the meet attracted more than barrel with a waterpatch swab followed

Page 18 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Figure 1

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA " Page 19 Fig. 2 Fig. 3

Fig. 4 Fig. 5 with drypatch swab to soak up moisture in barrel. Fig. 2. Measures powder for a single charge. Fig. 3. Pours powder into barrel at muzzle end. Fig. 4. Places cloth patch over muzzle end; places bullet or ball on patch. Fig. 5. Forces ball and patch into muzzle about 1/16 inch with special tool then trims off excess cloth and ramrods ball, patch and powder into firing chamber (same method as figure 1). Fig. 6. Carries gun to bench; puts percussion cap in place; checks wind velocity and direction. Fig. 7. Concen- trates on sighting target, then fires. Fig. 8. Checks hit with spotting 'scope. This step by step method is used in all muzzle loading competition. Many shooters are precise to a point nearing fanaticism on procedures and materials, using only certain types of cloth for patches, demanding that bullets be perfect in weight, or measuring pow- der to the grain, so to speak. It is under- standable why this sport has become the hobby of perfectionists. Another meet, although not on a na- tional scale, but famous for its age, is the Randolph-Wayne County Old Hunters Association for big game rifles, .25-cali- ber and over. Meets have been held by this group since 1900, at first in different locations, but since 1915 on the Shaw farm south of Spartanburg in Randolph County. The oldtimers who founded the association ruled that only big game rifles could be used. Through the years Top to bottom: Figs. 6, 7 and 8 the rules have been extended to other types of target shooting including .22- The Randolph-Wayne County Old caliber rifle, trap shoot and pistol. Re- Hunters Association is a non-profit or- cently big game rifles with scopes were ganization. Memberships are taken the / allowed in competition in their class. day of the shoot and members may enter Targets used in open sight big game any or all events. Elmer Teeters, present rifle competition are outlines of animals chairman of the association, has served classed as big game placed at 100 yards. in that capacity for several years and Shooter is allowed four shots, two to each has been a continuous member since animal image. Scoring is judged by the 1920. The oldest living member is Russel closest shots that would result in a kill Shaw who joined in 1912. Members come on live game. No military rifles or ammu- from all over Indiana and surrounding nition are allowed. states. Winners in the several events are

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 21 Top left: Rifleman firing at big game targets. Only 4 shells are allowed, two to each target. Only rifles of .25-caliber and larger are used in this competition. Top right: Big game targets used. Hits are scored by point of impact to nearest vital area, which would result in a clean kill on a live animal. Center left: Competition on the .22-caliber rifle range. Center right: Pistol range on which four participants can shoot simultaneously. Bottom: Two views of shooting on the trap range. After each round the far left shooter moves to the far right and each shooter moves one position to the left. awarded ribbons for first, second and members of the Spartanburg Christian third places. Trophies are given in all Church. Through the years this meet has events except pistol. One of the highlights been the source of spirited competition of this all-day affair held in August is the and bonds of friendship that could not chicken dinner served country style by have been gained elsewhere. A Page 22 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Mr. Stallings pets one of his charges. Note the develop- ment of these four-week-old quail, a result of special feed- ing and care.

Stranger than Fiction

by W. L. THOMPSON, Editor

HARD TO BELIEVE unless you have seen This remarkable project is being con- it for yourself, but nonetheless true, a ducted by Slim Stallings, owner of a flourishing farm project has been found business on 16th Street within the shadow in the heart of metropolitan Indian- of Methodist Hospital. He does this as apolis. a hobby, to contribute to the gamebird Not much more than a stone's throw population, and because he likes the from Monument Circle, on one of the little feathered creatures. The birds are city's busiest cross-thoroughfares, we released throughout Hendricks County saw 1,000 quail being raised for release where Slim owns two farms. in an adjacent county. Even more aston- This is how Slim is doing a job which ishing is that the quail are so well fed he calls fun. The brooder house is a ce- and cared for that they have grown at an ment block building (on the alley across unbelievable rate and are ready for re- the street from his establishment) meas- moval from the brooder house at the age uring 18 x 32 feet with a 12-foot ceiling. of four weeks. Under most conditions A large area of the floor is spread with birds take eight weeks to reach releasing poultry peat to a depth of about four size. inches. Sections of plasterboard are laid

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 23 in the center, leaving a yard-wide strip type of care the birds grow so rapidly of peat around the edge. Strips of heavy that at four weeks of age they are taken paper are laid over the plasterboard. to holding pens on one of his farms to be Long bamboo fishing poles are used for kept for a week before they are released. from the roosts. They are suspended To insure the greatest rate of survival ceiling and are about six feet above the after release, Mr. Stallings has figured floor. out a sort of "conditioning" plan. In An open air runway about six feet groups of twenty, birds are placed in wide has been built the full length of the good-sized boxes and taken to different feet). This is enclosed with building (32 releasing sites. The end of the box is wire mesh with a 2-foot-high ply- fine removed to allow the birds to run in and wood base wall which makes the runway out at will and the box is left for shelter. rodent proof. The runway has a tiered Enough feed is provided to last a week roosting section at one end, several three- and a waterer is placed nearby and kept gallon-capacity waterers, and non-spill filled for a week which necessitates re- feeder and two boxes containing fine bird gravel. Of course there are feeders and turning to the release site but gives an waterers inside the brooder house as well. opportunity to inspect the birds and see how they are faring. He believes that Mr. Stallings has worked out a fine within a week's time the young birds feeding program. The feeders are kept become sufficiently acclimated to the wild filled with Game Bird Chow at all times. to be able to take care of themselves and Once a day large quantities of lettuce the mortality rate is reduced to a mini- and hard boiled egg, ground together, are mum. A remarkable thing is the pleasure distributed on small trays so each bird he derives from this "hard work" hobby; will have an equal chance to feed on this at the time we visited him, he had already special delicacy. Also once a day large made arrangements for 2,000 more day- amounts of leaf lettuce are shredded and old quail chicks from the Conservation tossed to the birds. Their drinking water game farms to be raised under this suc- is fortified with five essential vitamins cessful plan. and an antibiotic. These additives stimu- gamebird late growth, protect against disease and Slim Stallings is an ardent hunter. He travels as far south as Louisi- prevent cannibalism. ana and east to North Carolina, through- Cleanliness and comfort are the watch- out open seasons from October to March words in this project. The outdoor run- in pursuit of this highly skilled sport. way is cleaned daily. Every other day Of course he has a fine brace of hunting the soiled paper strips on the plaster- dogs. board are removed and replaced with His releases of pen-raised quail over clean ones. The poultry peat is sprayed Hendricks County will increase the hunt- with disinfectant. Brooder lamps are kept ing pleasure and success of many sports- on continually so that the chicks may men. Last winter when heavy snows cov- seek warmth when they need it. ered all the ground for several weeks, he Out of the 1,000 day-old chicks re- put out huge quantities of food over a ceived by Mr. Stallings, 73 were lost large area, day after day. If all of us within the crucial first five days, but he contributed to the perpetuation of our has lost none since. He not only inspects chosen sport, as Slim Stallings does, a the pen and brooder house daily, but has great many of our hunting problems in fact made pets of his brood. With this would be solved. A

Page 24 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Getting ready to feed the thousand quail their "dessert" of ground let- tuce and hard boiled eggs (top left).

Like any youngsters, the quail enjoy dessert and fall-to with gusto (top right). This special delicacy insures better health and prevents canni- balism.

Slim Stallings seems to have that special touch which tames wild creatures raised in captivity. He has made actual pets of many of the birds.

Inside the brooder house soiled paper (laid over plasterboard) is removed and replaced every other day. Dark strip around the edge is poultry peat.

Marion County Conservation Officer Pattman, who delivered the day-old quail chicks to their city home, stops by to see how they are de- veloping. Conservation Corporation Directors Hold First Meeting at Canyon Inn

DIRECTORS OF THE NEW CONSERVATION of 92,000 club members was huge. Each ORGANIZATION, the Indiana Conservation club had an opportunity to vote and Council, Inc., held their first meeting at make recommendations. After several re- Canyon Inn, McCormick's Creek State drafts, the finished product was adopted Park, Sunday, September 25. The cor- by the district representatives at the poration replaces the Indiana State Con- March meeting. servation Advisory Committee, an organ- The new corporation strengthens the ization of the state's conservation clubs. club structure, bringing the individual The old organization had been in exist- clubs and their members into a closely ence for forty years and represented more knit and purposeful organization for the than 800 clubs. The board of directors, advancement of conservation and the who are district representatives of the protection of natural resources in the old council, voted in the new organiza- State of Indiana. tion, thus marking an important step The corporation plans to publish a forward in the interest of conservation in paper for distribution to the member- Indiana, through the work of the com- ship; an organ to keep the members fully ponent clubs. informed on the council's activities and Work on a new constitution, which is on conservation in general. the backbone of the corporation, began The meeting was a two-day affair with over three years ago. The task of writing district and county chairmen and conser- a constitution acceptable to the majority vation department personnel and wives

Members and guests enjoyed the Saturday evening banquet held on the porch adjacent to the dining room at Canyon Inn as fine weather prevailed. Page 26 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 The first board of directors' meeting of the new corporation. Reading clockwise from 12 o'clock are Raymond Keim, secretary-treasurer and 6th district director; Mary Lou Pruitt, recording secretary; Ray Aug, 16th district; Gerald Raper, 15th district; Henry Thoman, 14th district; Kenneth Marlin, Director of the Department of Conservation; Paul Brady, attorney; Jim Endicott, 12th district; Ted Wheaton, 10th district; William McGovren, 9th district; Arthur Fritch, 8th district alternate; (back to camera at 6 o'clock, a guest) ; Joe Junker, 7th district; Thomas Arch, 4th district; Homer Brennman, 3rd district; C. O. Mollenhour, 2nd district; John Taylor, 13th district; Charles Klausen, vice-president and 1st district director, and Stanley Taylor, president and 11 th district director. attending. On Saturday the group board- Richardson told of his work and studies ed a bus at the Inn and went to Morgan- this past summer in the Canadian water- Monroe State Forest, where, under the fowl breeding areas; James Hughes ex- direction of Ralph Wilcox, State Fores- plained the new habitat restoration pro- ter, they inspected forestry practices and gram and its effect on wildlife, and methods in use. (See next page.) Donald Leedy, fisheries biologist, told of Following the evening banquet, guests the new programs under his manage- heard several of the department's biolo- ment. gists speak on current projects and pro- The Sunday morning meeting was de- grams. Morris Reeves spoke on the wood- voted entirely to the business of the new land wildlife management program; Ed corporation. A

William Barnes of the Fish and Game Division acted as moderator for Sat- urday evening's panel discussions.

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 27 Ralph Wilcox, state forester, explains the rolling stock used in forestry operations and forest fires (left). Inspecting pine plantings. Morgan-Monroe forest has many such experimental plantings and the group visited several important ones.

Forester McClure explains logging methods used in this section of the forest. State forests are realizing increased revenue from their products through modern methods (left). The group inspects a forest picnic area and small lake. The recreational program including camp- grounds is being rapidly expanded in the state forests. Redhead and Canoasback Restrictions to Allow Re-establishment of Seriously Depleted Flocks

PROTECTIVE REGULATIONS this year* give its sharp-pointed wings, it is an exception- canvasback and redhead ducks every chance ally fast flier attaining speeds of 70 to 90 to respond to improved conditions expected miles per hour. next year on the breeding grounds. Last It prefers larger bodies of water, rests year's hunting, though restricted, took a during the day some distance offshore but heavy toll of adult birds. The void can be drifts in closer to feed. It habitually takes filled from this year's broods provided each "constitutionals" morning and evening, fly- hunter is sure the bird in his gunsight is not ing in flocks up and down the resting area, a canvasback or redhead. usually well out of gunshot range. It is This year's rains brought back much of among the most inquisitive of ducks and the lush vegetation necessary for nesting. because of this trait can be enticed into gun If next year the rainfall is equally abundant range. A strong underwater swimmer, it is in the potholes, and if there is sufficient most difficult to recover when crippled. return to the breeding grounds, a quick The majority of canvasbacks breed in population recovery is expected. aspen parklands or on prairies of Alberta, Canvasback and redhead are two of twen- Saskatchewan, Manitoba and North Dakota, ty species in America called "diving" ducks. restricted within the breeding range to deep It is not unusual for them to dive to a depth water and cattail or bulrush marshes. of thirty feet for food. We have sixteen The primary migration route extends from species of "puddle" or "dabbling" ducks the breeding grounds through the Dakotas, which feed in shallow water, usually up- Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and across ending with tail aloft, securing food from the Appalachians to Chesapeake Bay. the bottom of the lake or pond. (America Secondary flights include -one that leaves also has three mergansers, one ruddy duck the main trunk in the vicinity of southern and two tree ducks.)** Minnesota and Wisconsin and continues Other characteristics distinguish a diving down the Mississippi Valley to the Gulf. duck from a dabbling duck. The dabbler's While sixty per cent of canvasbacks win- legs are close to the middle of the body; it ter in the east, southern Michigan is also an swims with its tail well out of the water and important concentration area. springs into the air when taking off. The The redhead is similar to the canvasback diving duck's legs are near the rear, it swims in nesting preferences and migration takes with tail close to the water, runs and flaps it to the same general areas but in different along the surface before getting into the air. concentrations. It is similar also in that The canvasback is considered the best both winter and summer surveys show se- table duck by many but the redhead is a rious population depletion from protracted close competitor and prairie-fed mallard and drought in the nesting area. black duck are popular with epicures. Can- The redhead migrates in a V-shaped for- vasback flavor is attributed to the wild mation at great speed. It reconnoiters before celery buds which comprise a good part of landing to rest, passing and repassing an area its diet (however, in areas where this food is before it settles slowly onto the water. If lacking, the duck retains its table popu- redheads are already on the water, late com- larity). ers suddenly drop waterward, each bird fol- In migration the canvasback flies in lowing its individual zig-zag pattern, cross- wedge-shaped flocks with directness and at ing and recrossing each other's downward high altitudes. With its slender neck out- paths. Like canvasbacks, redheads take stretched and with noisy, rapid beating of daily "constitutionals", tend to rest far off- shore, moving shoreward to feed. They are also over-inquisitive and often play * See back cover into the ** See pages 16-17 hands of the hunter. A

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 29 dere mister tomsun the squerl seezin is over and hit wuz a good un frum start to end. Hit wuz kinder funny as when i hunted around p home i kilt squerls and when i goed to tree, treed solid, if that sum fer off place where hit wuz seeposed a settin up in the lern to bark treed he'd make to be reel good huntin, i didnt hardly ole buck cud a good tree dog. Hit wuz reel funny to seed a bush move. hits purty importint me that ole Albert, the best coon houn to no yer woods when yer squerl huntin. in the werld, goed out an got his self frum now on til the coon huntin seezen treed. opens is my faverite fishin time an if you they bin want to reely ketch sum good uns, use the rabbit crop looks fair as the gravel them little yeller bellied grass hoppers cummin out ever evenin in road and eetin little sweet clover shoots on a long shank number 8 hook an fish and the quales are ever place--weuns em with a long pole with no wate ner put in a multyflory rose fence an hits bobber. I'm a tellin you mister tomsun shore a berd saver cauze they roost in that yer goin to git reesalts. the brars an the foxes and tom cats cant hit looks rite now like theys agoin to even git to them. Weuns has got more be a perty good game crop this fall as me coons this year then ever an so fer we an cuzin Birdwell has seed sevral deers haint had no distemper in the coon crop agoin back and forards to town. they but we heerd up in the north part of the has bin a big buck a cummin up in back state some coons had been havin runny of the barn ever mornin to eat off a noses. clover doodle i stacked an he is a gittin Well mister tomsun cum down huntin meen, he chased me an ole albert cleer day er nite and me an ole Albert will be out of the barn lot 3 times an weuns has lookin forwards to showin you a reel jist put up with sich foolishment about smart good time. long enuf. i looked out the other evenin pert nigh everbody is huntin persim- and mister tomsun, i never seed the likes muns an hicker nuts rite now so's i better in all my bornt daze as there that big git bizzy and start lookin. buck wuz standin under are ole Ben yer fren Davis apple tree and he had ole albert elmer

Page 30 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 Group of Region 9 nurserymen inspecting seedlings at Clark State Nursery. MIDWEST NUSERYMEN MEET

S TATE NURSERYMEN of the Indiana De- The meeting was conducted by Rich- partment of Conservation were hosts to ard Rambo, chairman of the Indiana a group of midwest nurserymen August Nurserymen. There were discussions on 23, 24 and 25. Guests represented the the problems of transporting nursery Region 9 states of Illinois, Iowa, Michi- stock, seeding, and on hardwoods and gan, Minnesota, Missouri, North Da- conifers to produce the best possible kota, Ohio and Wisconsin. Nurserymen plants. Panel discussions were also held. from Kentucky were also invited and The group inspected the nurseries at members of the U. S. Forest Service and Jackson State attended. Nursery. A

Nurserymen attending one of the panel discussions during the- two-day meeting.

October, 1960 OUTDOOR INDIANA * Page 31 Gamebird Releases Improve Hunter Outlook

THE FALL LIBERATION of adult game- pheasants in each of 58 northern and birds, both quail and pheasant, began the central counties, totaling 6,264, and 60 week of October 10 in all counties over cock pheasants in each of 34 southern the state. In each county 198 quail were counties, a total of 2,040, or 8,304 state- to be released making a total release of wide. 18,216 quail. These birds are raised on In addition to this distribution there the State Game Farm at Muscatatuck will be 12,000 cock pheasants and 4,500 State Park. bobwhite quail released on the Conser- Adult pheasants will be released fol- vation Department's several public hunt- lowing the quail releases; 108 cock ing areas. A

Smokey Bear says: "Only you can prevent forest fires!" Rainfall has been far below normal. Our forests and woodlands are dangerously dry. Extinguish all matches and tobacco. Be sure camp- fires are dead out.

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Page 32 * OUTDOOR INDIANA October, 1960 STRATA DATA geology briefs

INDIANA'S BEDROCK FOUNDATION

The bedrock of our state is composed of 3,000 to 14,000 feet of sedimentary rocks which rest upon the ancient igneous and metamorphic rocks of the Precambrian Basement Complex (more than 500 million years old). This block diagram resembles a huge lop-sided layer cake; each layer representing the rock formations of a different period of geologic time. If this huge cake could be sliced, one would encounter younger rocks at the top and older rocks at the bottom. The sedimentary rocks, limestones, sandstones, shales, and dolomites, are composed of sediments that formed on ancient sea floors, deltas, lake beds, etc. The oldest rocks exposed in Hoosierland are those of the Ordovician Period (more than 350 million years old) which crop out in the southeastern part of the state. From this region the rock formations dip to the southwest and to the north and northeast. Traveling in any direction from the Ordovician area of outcrop, therefore, one encounters younger rock formations that overlie these ancient sedi- ments. Each geologic period is characterized by one or more mineral resources. For example, the Pennsylvanian rocks contain coal, petroleum, and clay and shale; building stone, crushed stone, gypsum, shale and petroleum are found in Mississippian rocks; crushed stone is the chief mineral resource of Devonian, Silurian, and Ordo- vician rocks. Research done on Indiana's bedrock formations by the Indiana Geological Survey enables this organization to assist Hoosier industries or interested individuals in finding and developing new deposits of mineral resources-raw materials vital to the economy of any state or nation. -R. Dee Rarick, Geological Survey FULLY PROTECTED BY LAW IN THE 1960-61 S9E490V REDHEAD AND CANVA9BACK DUCKS

REDHEADS

CANVASBACKS

NESTING CONDITIONS FOR CANVASBACKS AND REDHEADS APPEAR BRIGHTER NEXT YEAR. BUT THESE DUCKS ARE NOW IN SHORT SUPPLY. WE MUST GET AS MANY OF THEM AS

~. POSSIBLE BACK TO THE BREEDING GROUNDS. THAT'S WHY , THERE'S NO OPEN SEASON ON THESE BIRDS THIS YEAR.

DON'T PULL THAT TRIGGER TOO QUICKLY. t DEAD BIRDS DO NOT NEST.

ON'r sHoor./