Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

CHAPTER 11 – SOCIAL SCREENING & ME FRAMEWORK 11.1 NEED FOR SOCIAL SCREENING

The Himachal Pradesh State Road Project primarily envisages improvement and rehabilitation of State Highway, Major District Roads of the state. The improvement works will consist mainly in raising the formation level, upgrading/improvement of road geometrics, widening, road stretches crossing urban areas may also require upgrading to a two-lane cross section, and/or provision for drains, sidewalks and parking where required. In some cases, new alignments (by- passes) and/or re-alignments may also be required. Improvement and rehabilitation work would entail land acquisition, adverse impact on structures, other assets and sources of earning, religious properties, impact on common properties such as bus stops, hand pumps, etc. The Government of India, the World Bank and the Government of Himachal Pradesh recognizes the need for addressing social issues at very beginning stage of any development project for minimizing adverse impacts and maximizing the benefits through equitable distribution. 11.2 CRITERIA FOR SOCIAL SCREENING Social screening of roads has been undertaken keeping in view the following parameters: (a) presence of number of residential, commercial and residential cum commercial properties within the direct impact zone (b) Existence of religious properties in project impact zone (c) likely Impact on public services (d) likely impact on public utilities (e) average land holding size (f) percentage of SC population (g) percentage of ST population. Under each parameter, relevant indicators have been identified for the screening purpose to arrive at a more meaningful screening result that would help in rational planning and selection of road. The relevant indicators for each parameter are given below in table 11.1. Table 11.1: List of Parameters and Indicators for Screening Parameters Indicators Number of structures and Loss of residential structure families affected Loss of commercial structure Loss of residential cum commercial structure Existence of sensitive Impact on temple/ mosque/ Shrine/ Dargha/ gurudwara/ church structures within ROW Impact on grave yard, cemetery No. of public facilities along Impact on health facility road Impact on educational facility Impact on other buildings Impact on common property Hand pump/water tap resources Rain shelter Operational land holding Average land holding size in the district % of ST population % of ST population in the district to total population % of SC population % of SC population in the district to total population

11.2.1. PRIORITISATION MATRIX AND MODEL

The parameters were assigned weight on a 100 point scale, depending on the relative importance of each parameter. Further under each parameter, indicators have been identified on the basis of field screening process and assigned points depending on the relative importance of each indicator within the parameter. The weightage factors for indicators were calculated with respect to total point of 100 and the total weightage factor for all indicators is equal to 1.

PW – Parameter weightage IW – Indicator Weightage WF – Weightage Factor

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-1 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.2: Parameters and their respective weightages

Sl. Parameters PW Indicators IW WF No. 1. Number of structures 40 Loss of residential structure 15 0.1 and families affected Loss of commercial structure 10 0.1 Loss of residential cum commercial structure 15 0.2 2. Existence of sensitive 20 Impact on temple/ mosque/ shrine/Dargha/ 15 0.15 structures within ROW gurudwara/ church Impact on grave yard, cemetery 5 0.05 3. No. of public facilities 10 Impact on health facility 4 0.04 along road Impact on educational facility 4 0.04 Impact on other buildings 2 0.02 4. Impact on common 5 Hand pump/water tap 4 0.04 property resources Rain shelter 1 0.01 5. Operational land 15 Average land holding size in the district 15 0.15 holding 6. % of ST population 5 % of ST population in the district to total 5 0.05 population 7. % of SC population 5 % of SC population in the district to total 5 0.05 population 100 1.0

11.2.2. SCORING METHOD ADOPTED

For all the indicators, a uniform scoring method has been adopted for screening purpose. A scaling method in the range of 1 to 5 has been developed for the indicators. The score of these scales has been linked to the existence of number of units under each indicators and magnitude of impact. The lowest magnitude impact is with 1 point to very high with 5 points. The point scored for each indicator will be multiplied with the weighted factor and the sum of indicators will give the score for each parameters. The sum of each parameter will give the score for the each corridor, which will vary from 1.0 to 5.0.

Table 11.3: Scaling criteria for the indicators

Indicators Indicator Score (IS) 1 2 3 4 5 Loss of residential structure in number <50 51-100 101-250 251- 500 >501 Loss of commercial structure in number <100 100-200 201-500 501-1000 >1001 Loss of residential cum commercial structure <50 51-100 101-250 251- 500 >501 in number Impact on temple/ mosque/ shrine/ Dargha/ <5 5-10 11-25 26-50 >51 gurudwara/ church in number Impact on grave yard, cemetery in number 0 1 2 3 4&+ Impact on health facility in number 0 1 2 3 4&+ Impact on educational facility in number 0 1 2 3 4&+ Impact on other buildings in number <5 5-10 11-15 16-20 >20 Hand pump in number <5 5-10 11-20 21-30 >31 Rain shelter in number <5 5-10 11-20 21-30 >31 Average land holding size in hectare >2.5 2-2.5 1.5-2.0 1-1.5 <1 SC population in % in district <5 5-15 16-25 26-35 >35 ST population in % in district <1 1-2 2-3 3-4 <4

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-2 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

The final score for the corridors will be categorised from very low to very high impact corridor as per the scaling pattern mentioned in table 11.4. The higher the score for a particular road is greater the social impact. Thus project roads were ranked universally to the scores obtained. The road at rank 1 has the least social impact and as the rank increase, the likelihood of social impact too increases. By this method, the priority of roads for implementation is clear from social considerations.

Table 11.4: Corridor impact categorisation

Impact categorisation Points scored Very Low < 1 Low 1-2 Medium 2-3 High 3-4 Very High >4

11.3 CORRIDOR PROFILE

11.3.1. MEHTAPUR – UNA - AMB The road length is about 45 kilometres long. The road starts at Mehatapur at chainage 5.000 and ends at Amb at chainage 50.000. This is an important road connecting Punjab with at Mehatpur. The road is traversing through two important townships viz. Mehatpur and Una. The other prominent settlements along the corridor are Lalsinghi, Jhelra, Basal, Turi, Randawal, Dhussara, Behra, Baruhi, Chulru, Nandpur and Undiyari. The land use along this corridor is of mixed nature including agriculture, commercial, residential and commercial cum residential. The land use at Una, Mehtapur and Jhalera is mostly commercial cum residential. The initial 15 kilometre of road is witnessing ribbon development. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.5.

Table 11.5: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 228 214 442 Commercial 1758 1459 3217 Residential Cum Commercial 354 517 871 Public utilities 45 64 109 Public facilities 12 22 34 Religious 8 8 16 Total 2405 2284 4689 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.2. UNA –AGHAR- BARSAR- JAHU-BHAMBLA -NER CHOWK

Una – Ner Chowk is the nearest link to Mandi district from Hoshiarpur district (Punjab). The road starts from Una Town with a chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at Ner chowk at 109.270 Km. The road traverses through Una, Hamirpur and Mandi districts. First Thirteen (13) Kms of the road is predominantly in plain terrain, which slowly changes into hilly terrain there after. After the first Km a link road also diverts towards Una Railway Station from the project road. This road passes through one (1) railway crossing. The road is passing through two important townships viz. Una and Bhota.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-3 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

There are thirty (30) settlements along the corridor viz. Anjoli and Manglau, Khuryi, Thana Kala, Dumkhar, Bangana, Dhundla, Taniha, Lathani, Barsar, Makredi, Banni, Tikkar Brahammna, Salouni, Jhiralari, Dhudan, Latesar, Kothi, Bharadi, Patta, Ladlraur, Kahorata, Manoh, Sulgwan, Jahu, Kenchimode, Upper Bhambla, Dhalwan, Kalhar Chowk and Kotlu. The RoW available on this corridor varies between 11 mt. to 12 mt. The land use along this corridor is of mixed nature including agriculture, commercial and commercial cum residential. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.6.

Table 11.6: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 919 860 1779 Commercial 2180 2146 4326 Residential Cum Commercial 890 962 1852 Public utilities 170 182 352 Public facilities 55 59 114 Religious 58 53 111 Total 4272 4262 8534 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.3 THEOG –KOTHKHAI- HATKHOI -ROHROO

Total length of the road is 80.730 Kms. The project road starts from Theorg town with 0.000 chainage and ends at 80.730 just at the beginning of Rohru town. This state highway is the only link that provides access to orchard farms of the area. Thus, most of the economic activity and income of the local residents depends on this state highway. The road traverses through district Shimla and connects to District Kinnaur. The road passes through hilly terrain with steep grade and blind/ sharp curves at most of the places. Some section of this corridor experience snowfall during the winter and the road remains closed for that period of the year. Most of the settlements / villages/town are connected through link road to the project road. The road traverses through four important townships viz. Theog, Kotkhai, Jubbal and Rohroo. There are sixteen settlements along the corridor viz. Chella, Bagain, Gumma, Kokunala, Donehar, Badbi, Patta Dhank, Khada Pather, Pronti, Chali, Sirti, Jai Pindi Mata, Guntu, Dochi, Badal and Nalu. The land use along this corridor is mostly Apple orchards and agriculture. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.7.

Table 11.7: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 178 173 351 Commercial 175 177 352 Residential Cum Commercial 142 118 260 Public utilities 34 36 70 Public facilities 16 12 28 Religious 5 5 10 Total 550 521 1071 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-4 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.4. JOGINDERNAGAR- SARKHAGHAT -GHUMARWIN ROAD

The project road (State Highway No 19) starts from Jogindernagar town with 0.000 Kms chainage and ends at Ghumarwin with a chainage of 82.980. There is a section of National Highway No 70, of 22 Km which starts at Km 41 from Jogindernagar . The road traverses through district Bilaspur and Mandi. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road passes through three important townships viz. Jogindernagar, Sarkhaghat and Ghumarwin. There are fifteen (15) other settlements along the corridor viz. Machyal, Kamhaid, Nagnala, Makridi, Bashai, Neri, Dharmapur, Nawari, Gopalpur, Fathepur, Bhamwala Kenchi More, Bhamwala Chowk, Dhatoli, Baldara, and Khuthera. The land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture and commercial activities are observed at settlement sections. The Row available on this corridor varies between 11 mt. to 9 mt. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.8.

Table 11.8: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 442 436 878 Commercial 1206 1203 2409 Residential Cum Commercial 463 683 1146 Public utility 154 169 323 Public facility 15 15 33 Religious 28 50 78 Total 2319 2566 4885 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.5. KUMARHATTI-SARAHAN- NAHAN (DOSARKA)

The Project road starts from Kumarhatti with chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at 78.000 at Nahan- Dosarka with a total length of 78.000 Km. The road traverses through district Solan and Sirmaur. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through township of Nahan where it ends. There are twenty one (21) settlements along the corridor viz. Gharol, Bohali, Bojnagar, Prem Nagar, Naina Tikkar, Bajyana, Charanighat, Pouna, Kwagdhar, Bagabrop, Poghat, Dharyar, Charawag, Tikkar, Sarhan, Kahan, Banahkisar, Knolog, Lwasa Chowk, Beenthi and Bohal. Major part of the corridor passes through forest; besides agriculture, commercial activities are limited to settlement sections and junction points. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.9.

Table 11.9: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 85 82 167 Commercial 169 174 343 Residential Cum Commercial 19 133 152 Public utilities 50 73 123 Public facility 10 10 20 Religious 4 11 15 Total 337 483 820 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-5 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.6. MARKANDA (KHAJURNA) BRIDGE SUKETI PARK KALA AMB TRILOKPUR

The length of the project road is 21.500 Km. The chainage of the road starts with 0.000 from Khajurna and ends at 15.130 at Kala Amb via Suketi Park. It again starts from Kala Amb at 0.000 and ends at 6.370 at Trilokpur. This road serves district Sirmaur and shares border with district Haryana at Kala Amb. The road is predominantly in plain terrain. The road passes through three settlements namely Markanda, Kala Amb and Trilokpur. The land use is mostly agricultural between Markanda to Kala Amb section. The laund use changes to industrial from Kala Amb to Trilokpur section of the road. The Row available on this corridor varies between 7 mt. to 10 mt from Khajura to Amb and it varies between 12 mt. to 15 mt. on Amb to Trilokpur section. There is a border state Check post at Kala Amb. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.10.

Table 11.10: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 54 73 127 Commercial 257 191 448 Residential Cum Commercial 17 38 55 Public utilities 9 6 15 Public facility 0 2 2 Religious 2 5 7 Total 339 315 654 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.7. LAL DHANK PAONTA RAJBAN HATKOI (SECTION LAL DHANK TO SHILLAI EXCEPT NH)

The Project road is an important link which connects Himachal Pradesh with Uttaranchal and runs parallel to border at Lal Dhank. The road starts with 0.000 Km chainage at Lal Dhank and ends at 74.940 Km at Shillai, serving district Sirmaur. This road connects National Highway No 72 at 7.400 Km., the project road again starts from Paonta Sahib at chainage of 10.400 Km. The road traverses through the outskirts of Ponta Shaib Town. The State highway is also connected through a link road to Rajban. There are eleven (11) settlements along the corridor viz. Bahrall, Batta mandi, Nihalgarh, Anjoli, Rajban, Sataun, Badvass, Kamrau, Tirlok Dhar, Timbi, Dhakoi. The land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture; also commercial activities are observed wherever there are settlement sections. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.11.

Table 11.11: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 39 88 127 Commercial 126 217 343 Residential Cum Commercial 34 66 100 Public utilities 46 51 97 Public facilities 7 7 14 Religious 12 26 38 Total 264 455 719 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-6 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.8. CHAILLA SAINJ NERIPUL YASHWANTNAGAR OCHHGHAT KUMARHATTI

The Project road starts from Chailla with 0.000 Km chainage and ends at 86.320 at Kumarhatti. The road traverses through three districts namely Shimla, Sirmaur and Solan. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. There are twenty one (21) settlements along the State Highway No 6 viz. Sainj, Mai pul, Balg, Neri pur, Dhalli, Shila Bagg, Gajyo, Shargoan, Ghroti, Naineti, Sanora, Maryogh, Dharja, Yaswantnager, Nauani, Occhaghat, Majholi, Multanpur, Rampur, Anji and Lawanji. The corridor crosses through forest, land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.12.

Table 11.12: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residence 141 122 263 Commercial 250 181 431 Residential Cum Commercial 59 150 209 Public utilities 62 54 116 Public facilities 6 14 20 Religious 8 10 18 Total 526 531 1057 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.9. SANIJ CHOPAL NERWA SHALLU (SECTION SANIJ TO CHOPAL)

The Project road starts from Sainj, at a chainage of 6.000 Kms and ends at Chopal at 53.000 with a total length of 47 Km. Sainj is well connected to project road no 28,29 with a distance of 8 Km from Chailla. Sainj also gives connectivity to project road no 38 (Chailla -Sainj - Kumarhatti ). The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through township of Chaupal (where it ends) and serves district Shimla. There are Eight (8) settlements along the corridor viz. Balghar, Darghot, Tarapur, Ghorna, Deha, Chambi, Khidki, and Reunni. The corridor crosses through dense forest. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.13.

Table 11.13: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 43 60 103 Commercial 53 85 138 Residential Cum Commercial 29 2 31 Public utilities 54 18 72 Public facilities 5 0 5 Religious 5 8 13 Total 160 171 331 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.10. SHALLAGHAT ARKI KUNIHAR BAROTIWALA

The project road starts from Shallaghat in district Solan, at a distance of 33 Kms from Shimla Town. The chainage of the road starts with 0.000 from Shallaghat and ends at 80.4000 at Barotiwala serving district Solan. State highway no 9 shares border with Punjab at Barotiwala and links Shimla through Fathepur. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through township of Arki. There are twenty one (21) settlements along the corridor viz. Dangri, Ghager, Kunihar, Jadli, Gumjumh, Gomber Pul, Jadle, Kahlaltu, Kharsi Pul, Nali,

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-7 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Kuthad, Rabi, Palech, Bagi, Shangela, Ruchi, Bandh, Patta, Thredpura, Kandol and Haripur. The corridor passes through forest; land use along the settlements is agriculture with a few commercial and commercial cum residential structures. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.14. Table 11.14: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 99 125 224 Commercial 542 250 792 Residential Cum Commercial 77 327 404 Public utilities 48 47 95 Public facility 18 13 31 Religious 11 15 26 Total 795 777 1572 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.11. SAINJ ANNI BANJAR AUT (SECTION SAINJ TO JALORI AND AUT TO BANJAR)

The project road starts from Sainj at 0.000 chainage and continues up to Jalori ( chainage 53.000), then again starts from Aut at chainage of 74.000 and ends at Banjar (94.000 chanage) serving district Kullu. Total project length is 72.00 Km, this road is an important link because this is the only state highway that connects Nirmand division with the Kullu Headquarter. All the villages and town have connectivity through this road, otherwise one has to travel all the way on the National Highway through Shimla via Mandi to have access to Kullu district. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through township of Banjar. There are twenty three (23) settlements along the corridor viz. Sainj, Luri, Behana, Nimla, Haripur, Nagaan, Barad, Anni, Kantu Gahd, Kamand, Saharali, Jadar, Chowari, Khnog, Ruhai, Targali, Manglor, Laloh, Baali Chowki, Chalogi, Bhurah, Largi and Aut. The corridor crosses through forest for substantial part. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.15.

Table 11.15: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 176 247 423 Commercial 242 222 464 Residential Cum Commercial 239 408 647 Public utilities 43 62 105 Public facility 7 27 34 Religious 9 15 24 Total 716 981 1697 Source: Primary Survey 11.3.12. SHIMLA TATTAPANI MANDI (SECTION DHALLI TO TATTAPANI)

The Project road starts at chainage of 0.000 Km from Dhalli in district Shimla. Dhalli is about 7 Kms from Shimla town. The corridor ends at Tattapani at chainage 46.000 kms in district Mandi. There are two-link road connected to the state highway, one connects to Mashobra, which is a famous tourist spot, other one connects the state highway to Basantpur. There are rural roads connects to the state highway providing connectivity to villages along the corridor. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The state highway traverses through Nall Dehra which is a tourist spot and has a cantonment area. There are ten (10) settlements along the corridor viz. Tarapur, Dhagogi, Baddayan, Jabalanda, Nall Dhera, Durgapur, Budmen, Kenchimore, Sunni and Tattapani. The corridor crosses through dense forest. The Row available on this

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-8 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework corridor varies between 11 mt. to 15 mt. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.16.

Table 11.16: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residence 46 58 104 Commercial 216 182 398 Residential Cum Commercial 10 132 142 Public utilities 27 24 51 Public facilities 3 5 8 Religious 6 9 15 Total 308 410 718 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.13. SHIMLA KUNIHAR RAMSHEHAR NALAGARH GHANOLI

The Project road starts from Nalagarh town at chainage of 101.000 Km and ends at Ghanoli at 112.285 serving district Solan with a total length of 11.285 Km. The project road ends at Punjab border and connects to Roop Nagar district of Punjab. There is a border check post at Dehrawal. The road is predominantly in plain terrain. This project road is a busy road as industrial goods and material, construction material, consumer durables and home appliances are transported through Punjab to Himachal. The Land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture; commercial usage increases along the corridor at Nalagarh section. The right of way varies from 12 mt. to 18 mt. for the entire project road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.17.

Table 11.17: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 8 21 29 Commercial 108 98 206 Residential Cum Commercial 16 13 29 Public utilities 32 24 56 Public facilities 5 4 9 Religious 5 6 11 Total 158 153 311 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.14. JAWALAMUKHI DEHRA JAWALI RAJA-KA TALAB

The Project Road starts from Dehra at chainage of 0.000 km. and ends at Ganoh Bodh (chainage 75.140). The entire length of the corridor is in district Kangra. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through two important townships viz. Dehra Gopipur and Nagrota. There are twenty one other settlements along the corridor viz. Bari, Maleta, bongota, Amlehar, Taragoan, Kherian, Sapru, Jhakler, Haripur, Golar, Bilaspur, Sakeri, Ghera, Basa, Jarpal, Amlela, Ghar Jari, Dehri, Harsar, Hawal, Badhela, Haar, Kahariya, Jawali, Bhanai.Marea, Dharmar, Niral, Harnota, Raja-Ka -Talab, Ganoh and Jachh (Bodhi). The corridor crosses through forest. There are tight sections at few of these settlements from RoW point of view. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.18.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-9 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.18: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 375 296 671 commercial 876 807 1683 Residential Cum Commercial 48 191 239 Public utility 67 69 136 Public facility 34 12 46 Religious 23 42 65 Total 1425 1415 2840 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.15. MUBARIKPUR DEHRA RANITAL KOTLA ROAD (SECTION DEHRA TO RANITAL AND RANITAL TO KOTLA)

The project road starts from Dehra at 103.500 chainage and continues up to Ranital at chainage124.000. The corridor again starts from Ranital at 0.000 and ends at Kotla at 39.182 Km serving district Kangra. Total length of the Project road is 59.682 Km. The road traverses through the outskirts of Dehra Township. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. There are thirty two other settlements along the corridor viz. Bari, Maleta, bongota, Amlehar, Taragoan, Kherian, Sapru, Jhakler, Haripur, Golar, Bilaspur, Sakeri, Ghera, Basa, Jarpal, Amlela, Ghar Jari, Dehri, Harsar, Hawal, Badhela, Haar, Kahariya, Jawali, Bhanai, Marea, Dharmar, Niral, Harnota, Raja-Ka -Talab, Ganoh and Jachh (Bodhi). Land use along the corridor is agriculture and commercial with Twenty five (25) religious structures falling in the study zone on the entire length of road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.19.

Table 11.19: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 500 216 716 Commercial 102 448 550 Residential Cum Commercial 1 25 26 Public utility 56 51 107 Public facility 11 15 26 Religious 15 23 38 Total 685 778 1463 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.16. NURPUR LAHRU TUNNUHATTI

The project road starts at chainage of 0.000 Km. from Nurpur and ends at 42.190 Kms. at Tunnuhatti. The road traverses through two districts namely Kangra and Chamba. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road passes through the township of Nurpur. There are thirteen settlements along the corridor viz. Hatlakot, Khajan, Hinderagrate, Baret, Sadhwan, Gurchaal, Barla, Lahru, Taragarh, Bariyan, Kakira, Kamlehda and Tunnuhatti. The corridor crosses through forest; land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture (Mango Orchards). The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.20.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-10 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.20: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 100 100 200 Commercial 326 234 560 Residential Cum Commercial 3 38 41 Public utility 39 36 75 Public facility 9 15 24 Religious 12 14 26 Total 489 437 926 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.17. HAMIRPUR SUJANPUR TIHRA THURAI MARANDA

The project road (State highway No 39) starts at chainage of 0.000 from Hamirpur and ends at 58.990 at Maranda. The road traverses through district Harmirpur and Kangra. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road passes through two important townships viz. Hamirpur and Sujanpur Tira. Alampur and Barri are the two major settlements along the corridor. The land use along this corridor is agriculture after Hamirpur town for some 30 – 35 Kms, then for last 20 Kms it is commercial and commercial cum residential. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.21. Table 11.21: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residence 394 348 742 Commercial 1121 1170 2291 Residential Cum Commercial 252 437 689 Public utility 96 113 209 Public facility 39 53 92 Religious 25 64 89 Total 1928 2186 4114 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.18. SHAHPUR SIHUNTA CHOWARI JOT CHAMBA BHARMOUR (SECTION DRAMAN TO CHOWARI)

The project road starts at chainage 0.000 from Draman and ends at 53.400 at Chowari. The road transverses through district Chamba and meets district Kangra at its boundary. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through Chowari town. There are twenty settlements along the corridor viz. Dharman, Hatli, Balana, Thulel, Bard Bharman, Bhangna, kakroti, Dram Nala, Sarali, Sihunta, Malura, Samot, Haar, Samote, Thundi, Beena, Mundi, Chawari, Parchandi and Lahru Chowk. The corridor crosses through forest land. The land use along this corridor is agriculture and commercial. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.22. Table 11.22: Number of properties in project impact zone

Type LHS RHS Total Residential 158 121 279 Commercial 201 195 396 Residential Cum Commercial 431 66 497 Public utilities 49 55 104 Public facility 55 10 65 Religious 34 46 80 Total 928 493 1421 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-11 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.19. KALOHA PRAGPUR DALIARA DADASIBBA SANSARPUR (SECTION KALOHA TO NEHRANPUKHAR) The project road starts from Kaloha at 0.000 chainage and ends at Nehranpukhar at 11.200 Km serving district Kangra. Total length of the Project road is 11.200 Km. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. There are only four settlements along the corridor viz. Kaloha, Banni, Pragpur and Haar. Land use along the settlements is commercial. There are residential units with eleven (11) religious structures falling in the study zone on the entire length of road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.23.

Table 11.23: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 25 74 99 Commercial 228 257 485 Residential Cum Commercial 37 106 143 Public utilities 15 4 19 Public facilities 10 4 14 Religious 9 11 20 Total 324 456 780 Source: Primary Survey 11.3.20. DAMTAL KANDRORI INDORA KHATIAR

The project road starts from Damtal at 0.000 chainage and ends at Khatiar at 52.000 Km serving district Kangra. Total length of the Project road is 52.000 Kms. The road is partially in plain terrain and rest in hilly terrain. There are twenty one settlements along the corridor viz. Damtal, Toki, Kandrori, Bainatiarian, Indora, Ghandran, Survawn, Balakhi, Pind Padhian, Fatehpur, Rajgarh, Bhojpur, Deothi, Dhuag, Dhoullpur, Jawali, Palhi, Jakhbar, Jagger, Suthana and Khatiar. Land use along the settlements is agriculture and commercial with twenty one religious structures falling in the study zone on the entire length of road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.24.

Table 11.24: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 201 221 422 Commercial 739 699 1438 Residential Cum Commercial 57 167 224 Public utilities 56 44 100 Public facilities 21 17 38 Religious 10 28 38 Total 1084 1176 2260 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.21. BHARWAIN CHINTPURNI KANDRORI DAMTAL (SECTION BHARWAIN TO SANSARPUR TERRACE) The project road starts at chainage of 0.000 Km. from Bharwain and ends at 32.560 Kms. at Sansarpur Terrace. The road traverses through two districts namely Kangra and Una. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. There are fourteen settlements along the corridor viz. Rehi, Jalori, Chintpurni, Nari, Mahant, Joadbad, Puce Tiyala, Goral ghar, Kotla, Bthad, Joal, Jangour, Ridi Kuthad and Terrace. Chintpurni is a tourist and religious due to the presence of famous temple of Chintpurni, thousands of devotees visit this holy shrine every year. Road section is very tight along this settlement. Land use along this corridor is mostly agriculture. It is

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-12 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework also commercial wherever there are settlements or villages. Twenty four religious structures are also falling in the study zone on the entire length of road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.25.

Table 11.25: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 64 198 262 Commercial 528 436 964 Residential Cum Commercial 109 330 439 Public utilities 22 29 51 Public facility 8 6 14 Religious 24 25 49 Total 755 1024 1779 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.22. CHAIL CHOWK GOHAR PANDOH (SECTION DADOUR TO GOHAR)

The project road starts at chainage of 0.000 Km. from Dadour and ends at 20.325 Kms. at Gohar via Chail Chowk serving district Mandi. The project road ends at national highway and is well connected to district headquarter Mandi. This also connects Sunderagar town of Mandi district. The road traverses both in hilly as well as plain terrain. There are eleven settlements along the corridor viz. Gohar, Basa , Chachyot, Ratyodh, layoti, Chail Chowk, Baghi, Nalsar, Lohara, Kansa Chowk and Dadour . The Land use along the corridor is mainly commercial. There are fourteen religious structures falling in the study zone on the entire length of road. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.26.

Table 11.26: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 129 117 246 Commercial 338 281 619 Residential Cum Commercial 201 310 511 Public utilities 47 64 111 Public facility 7 24 31 Religious 6 10 16 Total 728 806 1534 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.23. BARSAR DEOTHSIDH (SECTION BARSAR TO SHARALIA)

The project road starts from Barsar at 0.000 chainage and ends at Shahtalai at 11.300 Kms serving district Hamirpur. Total length of the Project road is 11.300 Kms. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. There are only two settlements along the corridor viz. Panjgoan and Bendri. The project road leads to the famous temple of Baba Balak Nath that is a renowned religious place; thousands of devotees visit this holy shrine every year. Land use along the settlements is agriculture and commercial. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.27.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-13 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.27: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Resident 87 62 149 Commercial 112 37 149 Residential Cum Commercial 56 142 198 Public utilities 29 14 43 Public facilities 4 4 8 Religious 11 9 20 Total 299 268 567 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.24. KUFRI CHAIL KANDAGHAT

The Project road starts from Kufri at chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at 57.000 at Kandaghat with a total length of 57.000 Km. The road traverses through district Solan and Shimla. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. Kufri is 16 km from Shimla and it’s a tourist place, thousands of tourist visit Kufri every year. There are twenty two settlements along the corridor viz. Kufri, Mundaghat, Shilon Bagh, Koti, Hudol, Alampur, Chalada, Janedghat, Chail, Mahog, Sakori, Mached, Dunti, Shilru, Dihchi, Sadhupul, Kalhog, Tundal, Sainj, Kotla, Kawahari and Kandaghat. The corridor passes through forest; land use along the settlements is agriculture with a few commercial and commercial cum residential structures. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.28. Table 11.28: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 112 64 176 Commercial 140 86 226 Residential Cum Commercial 99 185 284 Public utilities 30 46 76 Public facilities 9 13 22 Religious 6 6 12 Total 396 400 796 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.25. MANDI KATAULA BAJAURA

The Project road starts from District Mandi at chainage of 0.000 Kms and ends at 51.000 at Bajaura with a total length of 51.000 Kms. The road traverses through district Mandi and Kullu. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road starts from the township of Mandi. There are twelve settlements along the corridor viz. Ruhanj, Browdhar, Kathindi, Kamndh, Neri, Naddli, Katula, Keila, Sailgi, Shairi, Roppa and Bajaura. The corridor crosses through forest; land use along the corridor is agriculture with a few commercial and commercial cum residential structures falling wherever there are settlements/ Villages. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.29.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-14 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.29: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 164 161 325 Commercial 161 147 308 Residential Cum Commercial 47 212 259 Public utilities 34 41 75 Public facilities 27 9 36 Religious 6 5 11 Total 439 575 1014 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.26. BHAWARNA LAMBAGAON JAISINGHPUR

The Project Road starts from Bhawarna at chainage of 0.000 km, ends at Lambagaon at chainage of 26.760 Km district Kangra. The road is partially in hilly terrain and partially it lies in plains. Kangra and Hamirpur district shares borders along the project road and are divided from the tributary of River Beas. Physical condition of the road is very bad as it is along the river. Bypass road to Talwaara also joins the project road. There are five settlements along the corridor viz. Khara, Lamba Goan, Alampur Junga Devi and Shivnagar. Land use along the corridor is agriculture and commercial wherever there are settlements or villages. There are thirty seven religious structures falling in the study corridor. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.30.

Table 11.30: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 98 123 221 Commercial 324 348 672 Residential Cum Commercial 80 156 236 Public utilities 37 43 80 Public facilities 17 23 40 Religious 20 33 53 Total 576 726 1302 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.27. KULLU NAGAR MANALI (LEFT BANK)

The Project Road starts from Ramshilla, district Kullu at chainage of 0.000 km, ends at Manali at chainage 39.375 serving district Kullu. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through tourist town of Manali and Kullu that are tourist place. Project road is also well connected to Rothang Valley with a total distance of 65 Kms from Kullu. The Project road also passes through Nagar, which is an old town and historically significant for its fort and temple. There are twenty settlements along the corridor viz. Seubagh, Khaoshu, Archandi, Gudhdoah, Nagar, Chaki, Buthran, Sareai, Haripur, Mansari, Karnja, Sajla, Khakhnal, Gojra, Jaghat Sukh, Soham, Surru, Prini, Aleu and New Manali. The corridor crosses through forest for small section. Land use along the corridor is agriculture (Apple Orchards) with commercial and residential cum commercial structures. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.31.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-15 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.31: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 232 397 629 Commercial 955 1014 1969 Residential Cum Commercial 308 527 835 Public utilities 89 46 135 Public facilities 16 27 43 Religious 10 4 14 Total 1146 1221 2367 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.28. DHARMPUR KASAULI

The project road starts at chainage of 0.000 Km. from Dhrampur and ends at chainage 10.500 at Kasauli (Bypass Grakhai) serving district Solan. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. Kasauli is a cantonment area as well as a tourist spot; thousands of tourists visit this place each year. There is only one settlement along the corridor viz. Garkhal. The corridor crosses mostly through forest. Commercial activity along the corridor is mainly limited to settlement sections. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.32.

Table 11.32: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 32 30 62 Commercial 42 45 87 Residential Cum Commercial 73 40 113 Public utilities 5 8 13 Public facilities 5 6 11 Religious 2 0 2 Total 159 129 288 Source: Primary Survey 11.3.29. PANJERA BHARATGARH The Project road starts from Panjera at chainage of 0.000 Kms and ends at chainage 4.660 at Bharatgarh with a total length of 4.660 Kms serving district Solan. The road is predominantly in plain terrain. There is only one settlement along the corridor viz. Panjera. The land use along the corridor is mainly agriculture with a few commercial structures. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.33. Table 11.33: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 9 23 32 Commercial 33 46 79 Residential Cum Commercial 46 75 121 Public utilities 4 6 10 Public facilities 2 2 Religious 4 4 Total 92 156 248 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-16 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.30. PANJER DEHNI The Project road starts from Panjer at chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at 9.000 Km Dehni with a total length of 9.000 Km serving district Solan, it also shares border with Punjab. The road is predominantly in plain terrain. There are five settlements along the corridor viz. Kasmirpur, Brunna, Mastanpur, Bercha and Bagethi. Road sections are very tight wherever there are settlements. The land use along the corridor is mainly agriculture with a few commercial structures. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.34.

Table 11.34: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 16 27 43 Commercial 78 85 163 Residential Cum Commercial 2 2 4 Public utilities 12 21 33 Public facility 2 1 3 Religious 4 6 10 Total 114 142 256 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.31. SWARGHAT- BILASPUR VIA JAGATKHANA (NEW ALIGNMENT)

The Project road starts from Swarghat at chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at 20.375 at Bilaspur with a total length of 20.375 Km serving district Bilaspur. The road is predominantly in Hilly terrain. The road traverses through township of Bilaspur where it ends. The project road is a new alignment. Through Local enquiries and village meetings it was found that there was a road, which existed at the same location before “Bhakra Nangal Dam Project”. After the dam project few villages were submerged in water. In the new proposal there are two bridges of 300 and 400 meters length respectively to provide connectivity. This new alignment also reduces the distance between both the places by 20Kms as compared to National Highway. There are four settlements along the corridor viz. Bagchal Bridge, Tunnu, Dhalihal and Patta. The land use along the corridor is mainly agriculture with a few residential structures. Most of the residential structures belong to the families which were relocated uphill during the “Bhakra Project”. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.35. Table 11.35: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 55 60 115 Commercial 12 19 31 Residential Cum Commercial 2 7 9 Public utilities 10 6 16 Public facilities 1 2 3 Religious 2 2 4 Total 82 96 178 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.32. BANIKHET DALHOUSIE KHAJJAR (SECTION BANIKHET TO DALHOUSIE)

The Project road starts from Banikhet at chainage of 0.000 Kms and ends at 6.205 Km at Dalhousie with a total length of 6.205 Km serving district Chamba. The road is predominantly in hilly terrain. The road traverses through Dalhouise town, which is a cantonment area as well as a tourist spot. Thousands of tourists visit the place each year. The project road starts with

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-17 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework township Banikhet which is the only settlement and road section is narrow here. There are a few commercial structures along the corridor. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.36.

Table 11.36: Number of properties in project impact zone Type LHS RHS Total Residential 0 11 11 Commercial 10 21 31 Residential Cum Commercial 0 5 5 Public utilities 7 2 9 Public facility 6 11 17 Religious 0 1 1 Total 23 51 74 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.33 ROHRU CHIRGAON SANDHASU ROAD The Project road starts from Rohru at chainage of 0.000 Km and ends at 17.3000 Km Sandhasu with a total length of 17.300 Km serving district Solan, specifically the tehsil head quarter at Chopal and Dodra Kawar. The road is in hilly terrain. This is an important corridor for transportation of cash crops from Chopal. The road sections passes through built p area and it can be evident from the table that the presence number of structures are very high in a length of 17.300 kilometres. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.37. Table 11.37: Number of properties in project impact zone Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 56 75 131 Commercial 218 192 410 Residential Cum Commercial 77 145 222 Public utilities 21 6 27 Public facility 5 14 19 Religious 1 3 4 Total 378 435 813 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.34 KULLU JOTH BHUMNU GHATASANI

This is a new track joining NH 21 and NH 20 at Kullu and Ghatasani respectively. The total length of the road is approximately 67 kilometres. The data presented here is with respect to the length of accessibility available during the survey. Some of the settlements along the corridor are Badai, Bhtti cowk, Rujak, Dalighat, Telanh etc. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.38. Table 11.38: Number of properties in project impact zone Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 29 72 101 Commercial 24 35 59 Residential Cum Commercial 74 119 193 Public utilities 18 11 29 Public facility 7 4 11 Religious 3 2 5 Total 155 243 398 Source: Primary Survey

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-18 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.3.35 SWARGHAT TO BHAKRA,NAINA DEVI

The corridor is about 37 kilometres in long connecting Swarghat with famos Naina devi temple. The alignment takes off from Swrgahat on NH 21 and joins Nainadevi. The entire length of the road falls in Bilaspur district and it runs parallel to Govind Sagar reservoir. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.39. Table 11.39: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 66 76 142 Commercial 189 121 310 Residential Cum Commercial 6 56 62 Public utilities 37 25 62 Public facility 4 10 14 Religious 9 9 18 Total 311 298 608 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.36 PALAMPUR TO DHARAMSHALA

The length of the corridor is about 33 kilometres. The road takes off from NH 20 at Palampur and joins Dharamshala at kilometre 33. This road connects the famous Chamunda Devi temple on its way to Dharamshala. The entire length of the corridor falls in Kangra district. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.40. Table 11.40: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 152 135 287 Commercial 188 174 362 Residential Cum Commercial 82 124 206 Public Utilities 24 33 57 Public Facilities 2 3 5 Religious 7 9 16 Total 455 478 933 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.37 DHARAMSHALA TO GAGGAL Dharamshala to Gaggal is a small stretch of road connecting Dharamshal with NH 20 at Gaggal. The total length of the corrridor is approximately 11.500 kilometres. Dharamshala is the district headquarter o Kangra district and also is an important tourist link of international importance due to presence of Dalai Lama. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.41.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-19 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.41: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 42 61 103 Commercial 55 72 127 Residential Cum Commercial 63 63 126 Public utilities 14 12 26 Public facility 2 1 3 Religious 1 3 4 Total 177 212 389 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.38 NAINA DEVI KAULA DA TOBA The length of the road is 12.200 kilometres connecting NainaDevi with Kaula-da-Toba, which is like entry to Himachal Pradesh from Punjab. The road falls in Bilaspur district. The road passes through wild life sanctuary named after Naina Devi. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.42. Table 11.42: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 26 20 46 Commercial 36 27 63 Residential Cum Commercial 27 21 48 Public utilities 12 11 23 Public facility 1 1 2 Religious 2 2 4 Total 104 82 186 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.39 DADH MALAN The corridor has smallest length among all the roads included for feasibility study. The road runs along northern part to southern part in Kangra district and provides major link to NH 20. The number of properties within the corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.43. Table 11.43: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 14 17 31 Commercial 21 23 44 Residential Cum Commercial 8 11 19 Public utilities 5 8 13 Public facility 0 0 0 Religious 2 0 2 Total 50 59 109 Source: Primary Survey

11.3.40 BAMTA KANDROUR Bamta to Kandrur road is approximately 6.600 kilometres long and will serve as an alternate oute to Bilashpur from Swarghat on NH 21. This project road section is entry to Himachal Pradesh from Punjab. The road falls in Bilaspur district. The number of properties within the

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-20 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework corridor of study i.e. 15mt. on either side from the existing centreline is presented in table: 11.44. Table 11.44: Number of properties in project impact zone

Structure LHS RHS Total Residential 98 97 195 Commercial 68 71 139 Residential Cum Commercial 42 49 91 Public utilities 6 6 12 Public facility 1 1 2 Religious 2 3 5 Total 217 227 444 Source: Primary Survey

11.4. CORRIDOR PRIORITIZATION

The sum of the indicators value for each road in table 11.45 will give the total score for the corridor. The total score for each road is presented in table 11.45 and the corridors have been ranked as per their score. The rank one represents the least impact road and so on. The first five priority corridors for detailed engineering are highlighted in the report. Table 11.45: Total score and rank of each corridor Corridors Total Score Rank Banikhet Dalhousie Khajjar (Section Banikhet to Dalhousie) 1.71 1 Naina devi Kaula da toba 1.74 2 Panjera Dehni 1.82 3 Panjera Bharatgarh 1.85 4 Dadh Malan 1.94 5 Swarghat Bilaspur via Jagatkhana(New alignment) 2.02 6 Dharampur Kasauli 2.03 7 Shimla Kunihar Ramshehar Nalagarh Ghanoli (from Nalagarh to HP 2.11 8 Markanda (Khajurna) bridge Suketi park Kala Amb Trilokpur 2.15 9 Bamta Kandrour 2.24 10 Dharamshala to Gaggal 2.28 11 Lal Dhank Paonta Rajban Hatkoti (Section LalDhank to Shillai except NH) 2.39 13 Kullu Joth Bhumunu Ghatasani 2.63 14 Barsar Deothsidh (Section Barsar to Shahtalia) 2.71 15 Kumarhatti-Sarahan-Nahan (Dosarka) 2.73 16 Roohru Chirgaon Sandhasu 2.76 17 Shimla Tattapani Mandi (Section Dhalli to Tatapani) 2.81 18 Swargahat Bhakra Nainadevi 2.91 19 Kaloha Pragpur Daliara Dadasibba Sansarpur (Section Kaloha to 2.95 20 Theog Kothkhai Hatkoti Rohroo 3.05 21 Kufri Chail Kandaghat 3.05 21 Sainj Anni Banjar Aut (Section Sainj to Jalori and Aut to Banjar) 3.06 22 Chailla Sainj Neripul Yashwantnagar Ochhghat Kumarhatti 3.09 23 Palampur to Dharamshala 3.09 23 Nurpur Lahru Tunnuhatti 3.15 24 Shallaghat Arki Kunihar Barotiwala 3.19 25 Jhalori Pass Ani Sainj 3.28 26

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-21 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Corridors Total Score Rank Mubarikpur Dehra Ranital Kotla road (Section Dehra to Ranital and 3.31 27 Bharwain Chintpurni Kandrori Damtal (Section Bharwain to Sansarpur 3.46 28 Bhawarna Lambagaon Jaisinghpur 3.54 29 Chail chowk Gohar Pandoh (Section Dadour to Gohar) 3.58 30 Mandi Kataula Bajaura 3.61 31 Damtal Kandrori Indora Khatiar 3.7 32 Shahpur Sihunta Chowari Jot Chamba Bharmour (Section Draman to 3.75 33 Mehatpur Una Mubarikpur Daulatpur H.P. boundary Road (Section 3.76 34 Jawalamukhi Dehra Jawali Raja-ka-Talab (Section Dehra to Raja-ka- 3.98 35 Kullu Nagar Manali (Left Bank) 4.26 36 Hamirpur Sujanpur Tihra Thural Maranda 4.31 37 Una Aghar Barsar Jahu Bhambla Mandi-upto Ner Chowk road 4.35 38 Jogindernagar Sarkaghat Ghumarwin Road (except NH 70 section) 4.47 39

The corridors have been prioritised on the basis of score obtained with respect to various indicators selected for the screening purpose. The corridors have been categories from very low to very high. Of the total corridors, as many as 17 corridors are falling in high impact category, followed by 14 corridors in medium impact category, four corridors are in very high impact category and the rest five are in low impact category.

Table 11.46: Corridor Impact Categorisation Impact categorisation Value No. of corridors In % Very Low < 1 Nil 0.0 Low 1-2 5 12.5 Medium 2-3 14 35.00 High 3-4 17 42.50 Very High >4 4 10.00

The five corridors that have been selected for development in first phase reveals that two roads falling in very high impact category, another two roads in high impact category and the remaining one road is in medium impact category. Thus, effort should be towards the road improvement limited to the available RoW in settlement and market areas to minimize the social impact. However, the obvious exceptions are the change in alignment due to construction of new bridges in the place of existing submersible and low load bearing capacity bridges which will trigger land and structure acquisition.

11.5. INCIDENCES OF POVERTY IN THE STATE Table 11.47 clearly shows that there is a large variation in head count ratios for Himachal radesh as obtained by using different poverty lines. Despite these variations it is amply clear that poverty actually increased in Himachal Pradesh between 1987–88 and 1993–94. The increase in poverty is more pronounced in rural areas. Head count ratio using official poverty line (OPL) was 25.23 per cent in 1987–88 which increased to 33.97 per cent in 1993–94. Similarly, head count ratio (HCRs) obtained by using expert group poverty line (EOPL) and alternative poverty line (APL) have certainly increased during this period. The incidence of poverty has also increased in urban areas. HCRs in urban areas have increased from 4.18 per cent in 1987–88 to 5.61 per cent in 1993–94 and from 1.31 per cent in 1987–88 to 2.97 per cent in 1993–94 using the OPL and APL, respectively. When calculated on the basis of the EOPL, the HCR for urban areas of Himachal Pradesh has declined marginally from 6.98 per cent to 6.93 per cent during the period between 1987–88 and 1993–94.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-22 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

TABLE 11.47: Head Count Ratios for Himachal Pradesh

Year/NSSO Round Poverty line used Combined Rural Urban

43rd Round (1987– OPL 23.21 25.23 4.18 88) EOPL 16.03 16.68 6.98

APL 13.41 14.28 1.31

50th Round (1993– OPL 31.58 33.97 5.61 94) EOPL 21.81 23.18 6.93 APL 18.53 19.98 2.97 Note: OPL: Official Poverty Line, based on the official norm and updated using disaggregated price adjustment suggested by Minhas et al (1988). EOPL: Expert Group Official Poverty Line, based on the official norm and updated using price adjustment suggested by the Expert Group (1993). Source: Counting the Poor, Sarvekshana Analytical Report Number 1, Department of Statistics, Government of India.

One of the possible reasons for the increase in the incidence of poverty in Himachal Pradesh can be the failure of development programmes to generate employment corresponding to the rate of growth of population. This can be inferred from having a glance at the dependency ratios for rural and urban areas of Himachal Pradesh for two different years as exhibited in Table 11.48. TABLE 11.48: Dependency Ratios in Himachal Pradesh

1981 1991 A. Dependency ratio taken as the ratio of total Rural 92.31 80.72 population between the age group of 0–14 years Urban 60.54 57.31 and that in 59 years and above to the population in Combined 89.46 78.22 the age group of 15–58 years (expressed as %age) B. Dependency ratios taken as persons per worker Rural 2.33 Urban 2.84 2.86 Combined 2.36 2.34

Dependents are those who are either not able to work or are unable to get employment over those who are engaged in productive employment. This can be measured in two ways. First, the ratio of the population unable to work to those engaged in productive employment can reflect in the population structure indicating the level of dependency of the former. The second way of showing the level of dependence is per worker population. Part A of Table 11.48 shows that the structure of population during the period between 1981 and 1991 has changed in such a way that the proportion of productive population in total population has increased. Hence, this change in structure of population does not show consistency with the increase in incidence of poverty. The second measure showing dependency level indicates that the dependency ratio has increased only in urban areas whereas dependency ratio for rural areas and for the State as a whole has actually declined marginally. The reasons for increase in the incidence of poverty in the State over the period of reference need a separate examination. Perhaps the poverty line for determining the HCRs needs to be redefined keeping in view the geological and climatic conditions affecting daily consumption in terms of calories.

11.5.1. THE PROJECT AND SCOPE FOR POVERTY REDUCTION The HPSRP as a major infrastructure development project has an intrinsic scope for poverty reduction. The project is not only meant to serve the road users in a better way or to provide for income restoration to the affected vulnerable social groups; but also has a scope for wider poverty reduction in the region. HPSRP is expected to serve the state as a whole in much larger way. The scope for poverty reduction is expected to be by way of:

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-23 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.5.1.1. EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITIES • Employment to the local population during the construction phase: The proposed road improvement project is expected to generate a considerable amount of employment in terms of requirement of both skilled and unskilled labourers during the road construction. The available local labourers will be engaged by the contractors, which will be ensured by the NGOs engaged in the respective contract packages. • Changes in the labour market in terms of new opportunities and wage rates: The project is expected to bring changes in the labour market in terms of new opportunities directly in road construction and indirectly from growth of commercialisation, transport sector and establishment of amenities like road side hotels, dhabas and tea stalls etc.

11.5.1.2. ECONOMIC CHANGES • Increase in current sources of income and average household income and expenditure of the project area. • Increase in current land value and commercial use of land in the project area. • Change in cropping pattern i.e. introduction of cash crops along the project road. • Access to farm inputs and raw materials for agriculture and other economic activities. • Access to credit as the improved road infrastructure will boost up the banking and financial institution in anticipation to the commercial growth of the project area. • Increase in number of existing organised, unorganised markets and volume of produce market. • Linkages to local and regional markets in the project area.

11.5.1.3. ACCESS TO SOCIAL AND WELFARE SERVICES • Increase in literacy level, availability of schools, assess to schools, increase in number of schools going children (particularly girls), decrease in drop out rates, and availability of teachers especially in government schools. • Access to health facilities such as Primary Health Centres, Anganwadi, and health programmes. • Availability of transport services, availability of bus stops, low cost of transport, saving travel time, decrease in occurrence of road accidents and difficulties faced. • Access to government’s development programs and other services in the project area.

11.6. GENDER ASSESSMENT

Himachal, like every society has latent reserves in its human resources, especially in women, who generally work for much longer hours than men. Despite a relatively higher contribution of women in the development of an economy, they lack an equal access to opportunities and other resources. Gender equality can be a potent force for initiating acceleration of development and placing it on a sustainable path. There is increased recognition of the relevance of gender equality not only in urban areas, where there are relatively more opportunities, but also in rural economies where a lot is owed to women for their contribution to overall development.

11.6.1. GENDER DEVELOPMENT INDICES IN HIMACHAL PRADESH

Himachal Pradesh has made some gains that need to be consolidated further and there are also some grey areas that need prompt remedial action. Table 11.49 displays Gender Development Indices for all the districts of Himachal Pradesh. It is seen that Hamirpur tops all

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-24 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework twelve districts with the highest GDI of 0.556. The GDI for the State as a whole is 0.447. Other districts with a higher GDI than for the State are Bilaspur (0.523), Lahaul & Spiti (0.521), Mandi (0.512), Una (0.507) and Kangra (0.502). The districts with relatively lower GDI are Solan (0.461), Shimla (0.431), Kullu (0.412), Sirmaur (0.402), Kinnaur (0.361) and Chamba (0.357) in descending order. It is also observed that the differential between the highest and lowest GDI is quite large and indicates wide inter-district disparities in terms of gender related development.

Table 11.49: Gender Development Indices in the districts

District GDI Rank Bilaspur 0.532 2 Chamba 0.357 12 Hamirpur 0.556 1 Kangra 0.502 6 Kinnaur 0.361 11 Kullu 0.412 9 Lahaul & Spiti 0.521 3 Mandi 0.512 4 Shimla 0.431 8 Sirmaur 0.402 10 Solan 0.461 7 Una 0.507 5 Himachal Pradesh 0.474 Source: Himachal Pradesh Human Development Report 2002

Himachal Pradesh should formulate appropriate strategies to deal with some of the existing weakness in areas including reduction in gender gap in literacy, reduction in female drop out rate at the primary level, reduce in discrepancies in effective wage rates, reduce girl child labour. In addition to above, the state should have some programme targeting specific group such as special drive for the education of women and girl child belonging to scheduled castes and scheduled tribes, participation of women in decision making through empowering grass root democracy and a holistic approach considering all aspects of women’s empowerment. 11.7. HIV SITUATION IN HIMACHAL PRADESH There are a number of states where the HIV prevalence in antenatal women is 1% or more, and these are considered to be high prevalence states. The prevalence data are derived from the screening of women attending antenatal clinics (ANC), meaning that these prevalence rates are only relevant to sexually active women. However, these rates can provide a reasonable estimate of HIV prevalence within the general population in Himachal Pradesh state. The number of full blown AIDS cases in Himachal Pradesh in 2005 was 252. The prevalence rates of AIDS taken from data collected during screening of women attending antenatal clinics shows that 0.13 percentages are infected.

11.7.1. GROUPS MOST AFFECTED BY AIDS Although HIV/AIDS is still largely concentrated in at-risk populations, including sex workers, injecting drug users, and truck drivers, the surveillance data suggests that the epidemic is moving beyond these groups in some regions and into the general population. It is also moving from urban to rural districts.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-25 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

11.7.1.1. Migrants Most of the migrant workers are highly mobile and often live in unhygienic conditions in urban slums. Long working hours, relative isolation from the family and geographical mobility may foster casual sexual relationships and make them highly vulnerable to STDs and HIV/AIDS. Migrant workers tend to have little access to HIV/STD information, voluntary counselling and testing and health services. Cultural and language barriers worsen their lack of access to such services as do exist. Returning or visiting migrants, many of whom do not know their status, may infect their wives or other sex partners in the home community. 11.7.1.2. Sex workers Often women get involved with sex work because of poverty or marital break-up or they are forced into it. A study found that HIV prevalence among sex workers had increased from 17% in 1992 to 43% in 2000. 11.7.1.3. Injecting drug users (IDUs) In India drugs are often used in open public places such as the roadside, parks, playgrounds and market complexes. Generally, syringes and needles are purchased from pharmacies without any need for prescriptions, and although they are regarded as inexpensive many drug users tend to focus on buying the drug rather than purchasing new injecting equipment. The sharing of equipment among IDUs is widespread. 11.7.1.4. Truck drivers India has one of the largest road networks in the world and an estimated 2 to 5 million long distance truck drivers and helpers. The extended periods of time that they spend away from their families place them in close proximity to "high-risk" sexual networks, and often results in them having an increased number of sexual contacts. During their journeys the drivers often stop at 'dhabas', roadside hotels that usually provide food, rest, sex workers, alcohol and drugs. They pick up the women, use them and leave them at some other 'dhaba', where they are used by other drivers and local youths. As a result, truck drivers are crucial in spreading STDs and HIV infection throughout the country.

11.8. IDENTIFICATION OF MONITORING AND EVALUATION INDICATORS

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) are critical activities in involuntary resettlement. Monitoring involves periodic checking to ascertain whether activities are going according to the plan. It provides the feed back necessary for project management to keep the programmes on schedule. By contrast, evaluation is essentially a summing up, the end of the project assessment of whether those activities actually achieved the intended aims. The monitoring indicators can be divided into two categories, which would provide insight to resettlement and rehabilitation benchmarks viz., process, input, output and impact. The broad indicators that need to be used for effective Monitoring of the R&R and L.A activities are given below in the shape of a Matrix in table 11.50. As regard evaluation, the assessment process will be both in terms of quantitative and qualitative so as to find out the satisfaction of end receivers with the entire process of resettlement and rehabilitation and adequacy and relevance of package.

Table 11.50: Monitoring and Evaluation Parameters and Indicators Physical Financial Amount of land acquired in hect. Amount of compensation paid for land acquisition Number of structures impacted Amount of compensation paid for structure acquisition Number of families affected Amount of shifting allowance paid to EPs Number of PAPs received compensation Amount of transitional allowance paid to EPs No. of PAPs received assistance Amount spend on skill up-gradation of EPs No. of vulnerable EP eligible for agricultural land Amount spend on ERG scheme No. of vulnerable EP opted land for land Amount spend on rental allowance

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-26 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Amount of agriculture land available Amount spend on restoration of CPR No. of family provided land Grievance Total amount of land distributed No. of grievances received road wise No. of families eligible for residential plot No. of grievances category wise e.g. compensation, assistance etc. No. of families eligible for free plots No. of cases solved at NGO level No. of families purchased plot by payment No. of cases solved at GRC level No. of provided with plot (free+ payment) No. of cases solved at HPRIDC level No. of EPs eligible for commercial plot on cost No. Cases referred to court, pending and settled basis No. of EPs actually purchased the commercial plot Establishment Number of EPs provided shifting allowance in each No. of staff category Number of EPs eligible for ERG Staff salaries No. of EPs eligible for transitional allowance under No. of vehicle different category No. of EPs received transitional allowance in each Establishment cost category No. of EPs eligible for training to upgrade skill Vehicle maintenance No. of EPs provided training to upgrade skill Operational expense of office No. of EPs received rental allowance NGO hiring cost No. of CPR impacted Contingencies No. of EPs provided employment during construction Evaluation – quantitative Qualitative % of family received land compensation Satisfaction with amount received and type of use of compensation % of family received structure compensation Satisfaction with amount received and type of use of compensation % of family received or purchased plot Satisfaction with amount charged, location and facilities % of family received transitional allowance Satisfaction with amount received and type of use of money No. of EPs received training Satisfaction and % using the acquired skill for income No. of EPs received ERG Satisfaction with productive asset and its usability No. of grievances registered Satisfaction with decision and % resolved within prescribed time Resettlement package of HPSRP Assessment of adequacy of package in terms of rehabilitation

11.8.1. MONITORING AND REPORTING SYSTEMS Project monitoring will be the responsibility of the HPRIDC for day to day implementation. The NGO appointed for implementation of RAP will be responsible for generating monthly progress report and quarterly progress report. HPRIDC will compare the progress of the project to targets set up at the commencement of the project. The list of impact performance indicators will be used to monitor project objectives. The monitoring will facilitate in keeping track of the quantifiable progress of the resettlement programme, timeliness of the financial disbursements and the required integrated arrangements to resettle PAPs during the project cycle.

The impact evaluation will be carried out after the implementation of RAP is over. An independent agency or individual shall be engaged for the evaluation of project outcome. It is suggested that the evaluation should be conducted at least two times during the project lie. It should be while in the midway of implementation and after completion of RAP implementation. The midterm evaluation is to assess the overall process, delivery, of RAP implementation and come up with suggestions for any change, if required. The second impact evaluation will be

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-27 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework conducted after the completion of RAP implementation. Impact evaluation will look at all the affected populations; self-relocate; assisted resettled population; host population. Further, this larger population will be broken down into vulnerable segments of each population. Impact evaluation will be carried out on randomly selected segment of population. The external agency will submit report to the HPRIDC.

11.9. ANALYSIS OF OPTIONS

The analysis of various investment options is an important task in the feasibility study. The analysis of options from social screening point of view holds equal importance as any other component like economic, engineering environment, traffic etc. Before getting down to the various options of widening such as single lane to double lane and intermediate lane to double lane, traffic analysis has revealed that some roads are fit for maintenance component. There are four roads with less traffic and does qualify for the improvement or up-gradation. The road list with their respective proposed improvement is presented in table 11.51.

Tale 11.51: List of Roads Proposed For Up-gradation / Improvement (For Feasibility Study) Study Name of Road Length Proposed Road No. (in km) improvement 1 Mehatpur Una Mubarikpur Daulatpur H.P. boundary Road 32.200 I (Section Una to Amb) 2 Una Aghar Barsar Jahu Bhambla Mandi-upto Ner Chowk 126.270 I road 28,29 Theog Kothkhai Hatkoti Rohroo Chirgaon Sandhasu 98.060 I 7 Jogindernagar Sarkaghat Ghumarwin Road (except NH 70 82.980 I section) 5 Naina Devi Kaula Da Toba 12.220 I 6 Kumarhatti-Sarahan-Nahan (Dosarka) 78.000 I 21,20 Markanda (Khajurna) bridge Suketi park Kala Amb 21.500 I Trilokpur 8 Lal Dhank Paonta Rajban Hatkoti (Section LalDhank to 74.940 I Shillai except NH) 38 Chailla Sainj Neripul Yashwantnagar Ochhghat Kumarhatti 86.320 I

32 Sanij Chopal Nerwa Shallu (Section Sanij to Chopal) 47.000 M 19 Shallaghat Arki Kunihar Barotiwala 80.400 I 37 Sainj Anni Banjar Aut (Section Sainj to Jalori and Aut to 72.000 I Banjar) 24 Shimla Tattapani Mandi (Section Dhalli to Tatapani) 46.000 I 4 Shimla Kunihar Ramshehar Nalagarh Ghanoli (from 11.285 I Nalagarh to HP Boundary) 10 Dharamshal Dadh Palampur Holta Chadihar Sandhol 33.000 I (Section Dharamshala to Palampur) 27 Jawalamukhi Dehra Jawali Raja-ka-Talab (Section Dehra to 75.140 I Raja-ka-Talab) 15,16 Mubarikpur Dehra Ranital Kotla road (Section Dehra to 59.682 I Ranital and Ranital to Kotla) 34 Nurpur Lahru Tunnuhatti 42.190 M 9 Hamirpur Sujanpur Tihra Thural Maranda 58.990 I

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-28 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Study Name of Road Length Proposed Road No. (in km) improvement 35 Shahpur Sihunta Chowari Jot Chamba Bharmour (Section 53.400 I Draman to Chowari) 3 Gaggal Chetru Dharamshala Mcleodganj (Section Gaggal 12.515 I to Dharamshala) 11 Dadh Malan 4.000 I 12 Swarghat Naina Devi Bhakra (Section Kanchimore to 37.000 I Bhakra) 13 Kaloha Pragpur Daliara Dadasibba Sansarpur (Section 11.200 I Kaloha to Nehranpukhar) 14 Damtal Kandrori Indora Khatiar 52.000 I 17 Bamta Kandrour 6.660 I 18 Bharwain Chintpurni Kandrori Damtal (Section Bharwain to 32.560 I Sansarpur Terrace) 25 Chail chowk Gohar Pandoh (Section Dadour to Gohar) 20.325 I

26 Barsar Deothsidh (Section Barsar to Shahtalia) 11.300 I 30 Kufri Chail Kandaghat 57.000 I 31 Mandi Kataula Bajaura 51.000 I 33 Bhawarna Lambagaon Jaisinghpur 26.645 I 39 Kullu Nagar Manali (Left Bank) 39.375 I 40 Ghatasni Bhubhu Jot Kullu 66.570 N 43 Dharampur Kasauli 10.500 M 22 Panjera Bharatgarh 4.660 I 23 Panjera Dehni 9.000 I 41 Approach to proposed Lathiani bridge 4.000 N 42 Swarghat Bilaspur via Jagatkhana(New alignment) 20.375 N 36 Banikhet Dalhousie Khajjiar (Section Banikhet to 6.205 M Dalhousie) Total 1674.467 Say 1675 km I- Improvement, M-Maintenance, N- New alignment

11.9.1. ANALYSIS OF IMPROVEMENT OPTIONS

Road widening project will have definitely some impact on the socio-economic environment in both positive and negative ways. This involves effect on both the adjacent communities (mostly direct) as well as the nearby communities (mostly indirect). The impacts can be of uncertainties of the extent of loss, fear of time of acquisition and evacuation, anxieties related to compensation amount, inducement of land speculation, inducement of squatter influx, loss of amenities, change in land use, public heath & safety, loss of CPR etc. For the analysis of improvement option, the roads identified for maintenance component has not been included. For remaining roads, the widening option has been considered from single lane to double lane and intermediate lane to double lane and social cost for each option has been estimated. The cost factor is linked to the social screening categorisation factor. The rational behind using screening criteria is that the corridors have been ranked as per various social indicators using scaling method with respect to the baseline status. To arrive at an estimated figure for the social cost the following criteria has been adopted as in table 11.52.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-29 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Table 11.52: Social Cost per kilometre as per impact category Impact Value Single to double lane Intermediate to double lane categorisation cost per km. in lakhs cost per km. in lakhs Very Low < 1 5 3 Low 1-2 8 5 Medium 2-3 10 6 High 3-4 17 10 Very High >4 20 12 The cost per each road as per the two options evaluated is given in table 11.53. The cost for single to double lane has been kept high with an assumption that the requirement of land and impact would be more than the road widened from intermediate lane to double lane.

Tale 11.53: Estimated Social Cost for proposed road development (in Lakhs)

Single to Intermediate to Corridors double double Naina devi Kaula da toba 97.76 61.1 Panjera Dehni 72 45 Panjera Bharatgarh 37.28 23.3 Dadh Malan 32 20 Swarghat Bilaspur via Jagatkhana(New alignment) 203.7 122.22 Shimla Kunihar Ramshehar Nalagarh Ghanoli (from Nalagarh to HP Boundary) 112.8 67.68

Markanda (Khajurna) bridge Suketi park Kala Amb Trilokpur 215 129 Bamta Kandrour 66.6 39.96 Dharamshala to Gaggal 125.1 75.06 Lal Dhank Paonta Rajban Hatkoti (Section LalDhank to Shillai except NH) 749.4 449.64 Kullu Joth Bhumunu Ghatasani 665.7 399.42 Barsar Deothsidh (Section Barsar to Shahtalia) 113 67.8 Kumarhatti-Sarahan-Nahan (Dosarka) 780 468 Roohru Chirgaon Sandhasu 180 108 Shimla Tattapani Mandi (Section Dhalli to Tatapani) 460 276 Swargahat Bhakra Nainadevi 370 222 Kaloha Pragpur Daliara Dadasibba Sansarpur (Section Kaloha to Nehranpukhar) 112 67.2 Theog Kothkhai Hatkoti Rohroo 1360 800 Kufri Chail Kandaghat 969 570

Chailla Sainj Neripul Yashwantnagar Ochhghat Kumarhatti 1467.44 863.2 Palampur to Dharamshala 561 330 Shallaghat Arki Kunihar Barotiwala 1366.8 804 Mubarikpur Dehra Ranital Kotla road (Section Dehra to Ranital and Ranital to Kotla) 1014.56 596.8 Bharwain Chintpurni Kandrori Damtal (Section Bharwain to Sansarpur Terrace) 553.52 325.6 Bhawarna Lambagaon Jaisinghpur 452.88 266.4

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-30 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

Single to Intermediate to Corridors double double

Chail chowk Gohar Pandoh (Section Dadour to Gohar) 345.44 203.2 Mandi Kataula Bajaura 867 510 Damtal Kandrori Indora Khatiar 884 520 Shahpur Sihunta Chowari Jot Chamba Bharmour (Section Draman to Chowari) 907.8 534 Mehatpur Una Mubarikpur Daulatpur H.P. boundary Road (Section Una to Amb) 768.4 452 Sainj Anni Banjar Aut (Section Sainj to Jalori and Aut to Banjar) 1224 720 Jawalamukhi Dehra Jawali Raja-ka-Talab (Section Dehra to Raja-ka-Talab) 1277.38 751.4 Kullu Nagar Manali (Left Bank) 787.4 472.44 Hamirpur Sujanpur Tihra Thural Maranda 1179.8 707.88 Una Aghar Barsar Jahu Bhambla Mandi-upto Ner Chowk road 2525.4 1515.24 Jogindernagar Sarkaghat Ghumarwin Road (except NH 70 section) 1659.6 995.76

11.10. CONCLUSION AND FINDINGS It is clear from the Social Impact Categorization Matrix Table that 51 percent of the roads that have been selected out of SOS have high to very high total scores indicating significant social impact in the event of project implementation, thereby justifying need for a social screening and careful planning. The five corridors that have been selected for development in first phase reveals that two roads falling in very high impact category, another two roads in high impact category and the remaining one road is in medium impact category. Thus, effort should be towards the road improvement limited to the available RoW in settlement and market areas to minimize the social impact. However, the obvious exceptions are the change in alignment due to construction of new bridges in the place of existing submersible and low load bearing capacity bridges which will trigger land and structure acquisition. Based on site visits, summary of social screening is presented below: • Structures are mostly just outside of RoW and encroachment is not a major issue. • Structures are mostly pucca and semi pucca in nature. • Commercial places have developed along the roads in linear fashion and many peoples livelihood depend on such commercial activity. • There are religious structures along the roads and as far as possible impact on these structures should be avoided. • Option of widening should be limited to available to RoW (with exceptions like by pass, realignment due to new bridge construction) and building to building in commercial areas. Some of these locations are Mehtapur, Una, Amb, Jhalera, Barsar, Saloni, Nerchowk, • Need for better and faster connectivity is felt by the people across the state • During consultations, people in general support the project and expect a better road quality. • People are willing to part with their land to an extent and expect alternate land from the government as option for compensation.

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-31 Himachal Pradesh State Road Project Feasibility Report Social Screening & ME Framework

• Safety is an issue in hill roads

Analysis of RoW from SOS study indicate that land width is available for widening up to two lane standards except at sections passing through settlement and market areas. Also, field survey and strip plans of roads indicate that structures including religious and other sensitive structures are generally outside RoW (it is to be noted that the RoW available with department in certain sections is less than standard two lane width) . Further, a few agricultural encroachments along roads have also been observed. However, in the absence of road boundary marker, it was difficult to make out the extent of encroachment. Improvements of roads may involve widening of existing sections of roads, construction of new bypasses and realignments, junction improvements, etc. and may require land acquisition, clearing of encroachments and squatters from RoW resulting in displacement. Widening would also affect a few common properties such as bus passenger shelters, hand pumps, etc which are situated within the RoW.

A resettlement Action Plan shall be prepared on the basis of final design. The following approach shall be followed in RAP preparation: • Minimum impact adoption of COI approach is suggested. • Survey of every structure including petty shops falling within the CoI with a unique identification number. Photograph of every structure along with owners should be taken at the time of survey. • Marking of every structure on the design drawing with unique identification number for easy identification • Also resettlement and rehabilitation measures including identification of resettlement sites, concern and apprehensions of PAPs, etc. to be covered in the consultations. • Estimation of actual loss and compensation provision

The Louis Berger Group Inc 11-32