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Sale's Brigade in Afghanistan: with an Account of the Seisure and Defence of Jellalabad G University of Nebraska Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Books in English Digitized Books 1-1-1861 Sale's brigade in Afghanistan: with an account of the seisure and defence of Jellalabad G. R. Gleig, Rev. Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/afghanuno Part of the History Commons, and the International and Area Studies Commons Recommended Citation Gleig, G.R. Sale's brigade in Afghanistan: with an account of the seisure and defence of Jellalabad. New ed. London: J. Murray, 1861. 300 ix, 182, 32 p. This Monograph is brought to you for free and open access by the Digitized Books at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Books in English by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SALE'S BRIGADE - r SALE'S BRIGADE IX .I I I APGHANISTAN, WITH AN ACCOUNT OF TIlB SEISURE AND DEFENCE OF JELWABAD, CHAPLAIN-QENHRAL TO TBB FOXCES ; IIIJTIIOR OB ' TRE STORY OF TIIE BllTTLE OP TVATERLOO i' ,' IaR OP LORD CI.IVE ;' 'LIPiZ OP BIR THOBIAS BNNIIC,' ILTC. LONDON: JOEN MURRAY, ALBEMARLE STIZEET. 1861. ADVERTISEMENT. AN accidental meetingtvith the 13th regiment at the sea-bathing quarter of Walmer during the antumn of last year gave me an opportunity of hearing more of the particolars of tlie Jellalabad siege than had previously been commuriicated to me. The nas- rative was full of interest when detailed by actors in the scenes which they described; and this it was ~vliich led to the deter- mination on my part to place it permanently upon record : for brilliant as have been the exploits of Inany coips and brigades, as well in the Afghan as in other wars, none seems to me to have exhibited more soldier-like qualities than that which, under the late gallant and lamented Sale, fought its way from Cabul to Jellalabad, and held the lutter place against a nation. The 13th Queen's and 35th Bengal Native Infantry, with the detach- menbs of artillery, sappers, and cavalry, which co-operated wit11 them, have won a naine for bravery, endurance, and steady dis- cipline which any regiments in any service may envy. Let me add the expression of an earnest hope, that being thus conspicuous they will take care in other and not less important respects to set an example, wherevcr they go, to their comrades, ns well European as Asiatic. The substance of the following story is gathered chiefly from the manuscript jonrnals of officers engaged in the canlpaign. I have consultetl, lilrenise, the 0rtlt:rly lhoks of the 13tl1, mllicl~ ~rerifyevcry statement adva~icecl; and the conversation of various illdividuals, particularly of Captain TVood, Brigade-Major at Chatha~n,has been of infinite use to me. One ground of deep regret there is, indeed, for me, as well au for tile country at large, ~~amely,that the noble old soldier who taught his fol- lo.rirers thus to fight and thus to conquer, no longer survives either to apl)rove or censure my narrative. l311t Sir Robert Sale died, as he himself always ~\-ishedto (lo, on the field of battle ; and lli fa111e survives him. G. R. G. Chelaea, June, 1846. CONTENTS. - 1 CHAPTER I. I PADP Af:hanistan-Its Geographicrll Pocition-Climate, and Productions. 1 1 1 CHAPTER 11. B Outline of Afghan History . -3 r i r CHAPTER 111. I Early Negotiations with Afghanistan-Preparatioils for its Invasion ' 22 1 1 CHAPTER IV. 1 Padsage of the Indus-March dpon Caudahar . 32 I . \ CHAPTER V. March upon Ghuznee-Capture of the Place-March on Cabnl . 39 CHAPTER VI. Drcnlting-up of the Army of the Indus-The unquiet State of Afghan- istau--Surrender of Dost hlohammed . , 45 ClIAPTEll VII. 'rB,?a~crulOccupation of Catd iud the Po& adjacent . , GI vii~ CONTENTS. - ---- CHhPTElZ VIII. PAUE PeacefulOccupationsatCabul . , . 68 CHAPTER 1X. March of Sale's Brigade towards the Provinces-Operations at Bootlcalc 75 CHAPTER X. Night attacks on the 85th-Advance of the 13th to rejoin their Comrades 82 CHAPTER XI. hiarch to Tizeen-Affair in the Valley . 88 CHAPTER XII. March from Tizeeu-Rewguard engaged . 95 CHAPTER XIII. March to Gu~~damuckSninrtAffair with tho Rcar-guard . 103 Bad tidings from Cnbul-March-Arrival iu Camp of unlooked-for Visitors-Sharp Action-Approacl~ Jcllnlabad . 110 CHAPTER XV. Jellnlabad-Conflagrations at Night-Sortie in the Morning . 117 CHAPTER XVI. Continuance of the 3locliadc . 126 CONTENTS. ix -. -.- CHAPTER XVII. PAOB Bad News-Arrival of Dr. Brydon-Ilis Narrative . , 132 CHAPTER XVIII. Continued Preparations for Defcnce-Construction of Corn-Mills- Earthquake . 140 CHAPTER XIX, CHAPTER XX. Bat:lo of the 7th of April-Fall of Colonel Dennie . 166 CCIAPTER XXI. 4rrival of Pollock's army-Sickness in Camp . 68 CHAPTER XXI1. Advance of Pollock's Army to Cabul . :7!2 CHAPTER XXIII. SALE'S BRIGADE IN AFGHANISTAN. CHAPTER I. Afghanistan-Its Geographical Positiou, Climate, and Productions. ITis impossible to fix, with any clegee of accuracy, the present limits of the kingdom of Cabul. When visit.ed by Mr. Elphin- stone in 1809, it was said t.o extend froin the west of Heraut in longitude 62O, to the eastern portion of Cashmere i11 lo~igitude '77" E. ; and from the mouth of the Indus in latitucle 24" to the Oxus in latitude 37" N. It comprehended, accorcling to the nomenclature of our best works, the districts of Afghaiiistan and Segistan, with part of I-Chorassan and of BIakran ; Balk wit11 Tokerstan ancl dCelan ; Cuttore, Cabul, Sindey, and Cnshmere, together with a portion of Lahore and the greater pnrt of Mod- tan. But besides that, even in 1809, the obedience paid to the king by many of these provinces was rather iioinind than real, the subsequent progress of events has materially crippled his power, and contracted his dominions. When we speak, tliere- fore, of the Doorannee empire as being bounded on the north by the Ilii~dooGush, or Indian Caucasus, on the east by IIindostan, by the Arabian sea on the south, anrl by Persia on the west, we rilust be ilnderstood as assigning to it rather the limits by which in theory it is circumscribed, tlnn the extent of territory through- out the whole of which the authority of the nominal govorn- merit is recognised. The population of the country thus raarked out has bee11 taken I3 1 2 SALE IN APGIIANISTAN. [c~ra;..I. at ~~rtn~bcrs~urying from fifteer~to nine millions. Probably the latter nfill be fb~lntl to come, under existing circumstances, as ilear to the tr~~tllas the former. It is colnposed of many dif- ferent raccs, of which the principal are Afglians, Belochces, Tartars of it11 descriptions, Persiar~s,including Taujiks, India~~s, such as Cashme~*ians,Juts, &c. ; besides rniscella~~eoi~stribes, which arc?, neither nr~mericallyconsiderable, nor exercise any great illoral or political influelice in society. The fnce of the country is very ~nuchdiversified, being inter- sectecl in all directions by mountain ranges, which increase in altitude as y ou descend from the shores of tlie A~abiansea and the great pltlill of the Inclus, till you reach the foot of that brancli of the Ilimalayalis, to wliich tlie name of the Hii~dooCllsll lias been given. The principal of' these are the I<hyberry hills, ~vliichfollow tl~ecourse of the Indus on both sicles as far clown as IiorrabaugIl,,or Cdlabaugli, in ltrtitude 38" S. ; the Suli~nan mouutains, whic11 lie inainly to the n~stof this river, a~~dpush out numerous spurs, till they connect tllemselves with the n~ountains of Iiund ; the table-land, or ruggetl l~iglilandsof Relaut ; the liiio,j;~k mountains ; tlie Gaudava mountains ; llie Bolan ; the I~ills:al~out Glluznee ; and, finally, tlie steep ridges \vliich over- !larig the elevated plain of Cabul on every side, and grndually lose themselves towartls the r~orthancl east in the great Indian Caucasus. A country thus ribbed, adof which the elevation is every- where considerable, cannot but be., uuonL the wliole. barren and unprocluctive, A large proportion of ih surface is mere rock ; and the pasturage in the ~nountainousdistricts, tliough excellent here and there, is generally scaniy. Nevert,l~eless, the valleys nrliich pass to and fro among the l~illsare remarkable for the fertilit,y of their soil, producii~gin abunclance alrnost all the herbs and fruits wl~iclithrive both in Asia pnd ir~Europe: for the cliruate of Afghanistan (it may be bcst to use tl~isterm as generic of the whole) differs greatly for the better froin that of I-linclostan ; the heat in summer being generally less intense, ant1 the cold in winter more severe. Indeed, the snow, which never melts upon the sli~nmitsof many hills besides the I-Iindoo Cush, comes down in smart sl~owersupon the plains in the season, alld the ice on stagnant waters is often of such a consistency as to sustain both men and horses, as in the north of Europe. CIIAP. I.] PRODUCTIONS OF AFGHANISTAN. 3 The waters of Afgl~anistnn are tlle Indus-wit11 its i11ii11- nlerable tributaries,-the rivers of Cabul, Kauskllr a~~d1x4- mund, the Urgllundaub, the Rha~hrooa, tlle Ochus, a lake ilealT Cabul, and canals ai~d ~vatercoursesinnumerable, \vl~icli 11av been c~itamong tlie hills in different districts for pur- poses of irrigation. Its aniriial productions are as varied as the varieties perceptible in its soil. In addition to the wilrl beasts wliicli thrive among oul.selves, there are to be fou~id here lions, tigers, panthers, hyse~~w,wolves, and bears. Botli the lions and the tigers appear to be inferior in point of size and ferocity to tliose of Africa, and tlie plains of the Ganges; but they do considerable clamage at tiines to the flocks and herds, and are occasionally, tliougl~not oftcn, clestructive to liumarl life.
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