Effects of a Prescribed Fire on Oak Woodland Stand Structure1
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Missionary Perspectives and Experiences of 19Th and Early 20Th Century Droughts
1 2 “Everything is scorched by the burning sun”: Missionary perspectives and 3 experiences of 19th and early 20th century droughts in semi-arid central 4 Namibia 5 6 Stefan Grab1, Tizian Zumthurm,2,3 7 8 1 School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the 9 Witwatersrand, South Africa 10 2 Institute of the History of Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland 11 3 Centre for African Studies, University of Basel, Switzerland 12 13 Correspondence to: Stefan Grab ([email protected]) 14 15 Abstract. Limited research has focussed on historical droughts during the pre-instrumental 16 weather-recording period in semi-arid to arid human-inhabited environments. Here we describe 17 the unique nature of droughts over semi-arid central Namibia (southern Africa) between 1850 18 and 1920. More particularly, our intention is to establish temporal shifts of influence and 19 impact that historical droughts had on society and the environment during this period. This is 20 achieved through scrutinizing documentary records sourced from a variety of archives and 21 libraries. The primary source of information comes from missionary diaries, letters and reports. 22 These missionaries were based at a variety of stations across the central Namibian region and 23 thus collectively provide insight to sub-regional (or site specific) differences in hydro- 24 meteorological conditions, and drought impacts and responses. Earliest instrumental rainfall 25 records (1891-1913) from several missionary stations or settlements are used to quantify hydro- 26 meteorological conditions and compare with documentary sources. The work demonstrates 27 strong-sub-regional contrasts in drought conditions during some given drought events and the 28 dire implications of failed rain seasons, the consequences of which lasted many months to 29 several years. -
Literariness.Org-Mareike-Jenner-Auth
Crime Files Series General Editor: Clive Bloom Since its invention in the nineteenth century, detective fiction has never been more pop- ular. In novels, short stories, films, radio, television and now in computer games, private detectives and psychopaths, prim poisoners and overworked cops, tommy gun gangsters and cocaine criminals are the very stuff of modern imagination, and their creators one mainstay of popular consciousness. Crime Files is a ground-breaking series offering scholars, students and discerning readers a comprehensive set of guides to the world of crime and detective fiction. Every aspect of crime writing, detective fiction, gangster movie, true-crime exposé, police procedural and post-colonial investigation is explored through clear and informative texts offering comprehensive coverage and theoretical sophistication. Titles include: Maurizio Ascari A COUNTER-HISTORY OF CRIME FICTION Supernatural, Gothic, Sensational Pamela Bedore DIME NOVELS AND THE ROOTS OF AMERICAN DETECTIVE FICTION Hans Bertens and Theo D’haen CONTEMPORARY AMERICAN CRIME FICTION Anita Biressi CRIME, FEAR AND THE LAW IN TRUE CRIME STORIES Clare Clarke LATE VICTORIAN CRIME FICTION IN THE SHADOWS OF SHERLOCK Paul Cobley THE AMERICAN THRILLER Generic Innovation and Social Change in the 1970s Michael Cook NARRATIVES OF ENCLOSURE IN DETECTIVE FICTION The Locked Room Mystery Michael Cook DETECTIVE FICTION AND THE GHOST STORY The Haunted Text Barry Forshaw DEATH IN A COLD CLIMATE A Guide to Scandinavian Crime Fiction Barry Forshaw BRITISH CRIME FILM Subverting -
Appendix B. Random Number Tables
Appendix B. Random Number Tables Reproduced from Million Random Digits, used with permission of the Rand Corporation, Copyright, 1955, The Free Press. The publication is available for free on the Internet at http://www.rand.org/publications/classics/randomdigits. All of the sampling plans presented in this handbook are based on the assumption that the packages constituting the sample are chosen at random from the inspection lot. Randomness in this instance means that every package in the lot has an equal chance of being selected as part of the sample. It does not matter what other packages have already been chosen, what the package net contents are, or where the package is located in the lot. To obtain a random sample, two steps are necessary. First it is necessary to identify each package in the lot of packages with a specific number whether on the shelf, in the warehouse, or coming off the packaging line. Then it is necessary to obtain a series of random numbers. These random numbers indicate exactly which packages in the lot shall be taken for the sample. The Random Number Table The random number tables in Appendix B are composed of the digits from 0 through 9, with approximately equal frequency of occurrence. This appendix consists of 8 pages. On each page digits are printed in blocks of five columns and blocks of five rows. The printing of the table in blocks is intended only to make it easier to locate specific columns and rows. Random Starting Place Starting Page. The Random Digit pages numbered B-2 through B-8. -
How Climate Change Scorched the Nation in 2012
HOW CLIMATE CHANGE SCORCHED THE NATION IN 2012 NatioNal Wildlife federatioN i. Intro- ductioN Photo: Flickr/woodleywonderworks is climate change ruining our summers? It is certainly altering them in dramatic ways, and rarely for the better. The summer of 2012 has been full of extreme weather events connected to climate change. Heat records have been broken across the country, drought conditions forced the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) to make the largest disaster declaration in U.S. history, and wildfires have raged throughout the West. New research by world-renowned climate scientist James Hansen con- firms that the increasingly common extreme weather events across the country, like record heat waves and drought, are linked to climate change.1 This report examines those climate change impacts whose harm is acutely felt in the summer. Heat waves; warming rivers, lakes, and streams; floods; drought; wildfires; and insect and pest infestations are problems we are dealing with this summer and what we are likely to face in future summers. As of August 23rd, 7 MILLION 2/3 of the country has experienced drought this acres of wildlife habitat and communities summer, much of it labeled “severe” 4 have burned in wildfires2 40 20 60 More than July’s average0 continental U.S. temperature 80 -20 113 MILLION 77.6°F100 people in the U.S. were in areas under 3.3°F above-40 the 20th-century average. 3 5 extreme heat advisories as of June 29 This was the-60 warmest month120 on record 0F NatioNal Wildlife federatioN Unfortunately, hot summers like this will occur much more frequently in years ahead. -
Sunday Morning Grid 5/1/16 Latimes.Com/Tv Times
SUNDAY MORNING GRID 5/1/16 LATIMES.COM/TV TIMES 7 am 7:30 8 am 8:30 9 am 9:30 10 am 10:30 11 am 11:30 12 pm 12:30 2 CBS CBS News Sunday Face the Nation (N) Paid Program Boss Paid Program PGA Tour Golf 4 NBC News (N) Å Meet the Press (N) Å News Rescue Red Bull Signature Series (Taped) Å Hockey: Blues at Stars 5 CW News (N) Å News (N) Å In Touch Paid Program 7 ABC News (N) Å This Week News (N) NBA Basketball First Round: Teams TBA. (N) Basketball 9 KCAL News (N) Joel Osteen Schuller Pastor Mike Woodlands Amazing Paid Program 11 FOX In Touch Paid Fox News Sunday Midday Prerace NASCAR Racing Sprint Cup Series: GEICO 500. (N) 13 MyNet Paid Program A History of Violence (R) 18 KSCI Paid Hormones Church Faith Paid Program 22 KWHY Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local Local 24 KVCR Landscapes Painting Joy of Paint Wyland’s Paint This Painting Kitchen Mexico Martha Pépin Baking Simply Ming 28 KCET Wunderkind 1001 Nights Bug Bites Space Edisons Biz Kid$ Celtic Thunder Legacy (TVG) Å Soulful Symphony 30 ION Jeremiah Youssef In Touch Leverage Å Leverage Å Leverage Å Leverage Å 34 KMEX Conexión En contacto Paid Program Fútbol Central (N) Fútbol Mexicano Primera División: Toluca vs Azul República Deportiva (N) 40 KTBN Walk in the Win Walk Prince Carpenter Schuller In Touch PowerPoint It Is Written Pathway Super Kelinda Jesse 46 KFTR Paid Program Formula One Racing Russian Grand Prix. -
Call Numbers
Call numbers: It is our recommendation that libraries NOT put J, +, E, Ref, etc. in the call number field in front of the Dewey or other call number. Use the Home Location field to indicate the collection for the item. It is difficult if not impossible to sort lists if the call number fields aren’t entered systematically. Dewey Call Numbers for Non-Fiction Each library follows its own practice for how long a Dewey number they use and what letters are used for the author’s name. Some libraries use a number (Cutter number from a table) after the letters for the author’s name. Other just use letters for the author’s name. Call Numbers for Fiction For fiction, the call number is usually the author’s Last Name, First Name. (Use a comma between last and first name.) It is usually already in the call number field when you barcode. Call Numbers for Paperbacks Each library follows its own practice. Just be consistent for easier handling of the weeding lists. WCTS libraries should follow the format used by WCTS for the items processed by them for your library. Most call numbers are either the author’s name or just the first letters of the author’s last name. Please DO catalog your paperbacks so they can be shared with other libraries. Call Numbers for Magazines To get the call numbers to display in the correct order by date, the call number needs to begin with the date of the issue in a number format, followed by the issue in alphanumeric format. -
The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project
R E S O U C The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project December 2018 N A T U R L The Forest Resiliency Burning Pilot Project Report to the Legislature December 2018 Prepared by Washington State Department of Natural Resources and Washington Prescribed Fire Council Cover photo by © John Marshall. ii Executive Summary More than 100 years of fire suppression and land management practices have severely degraded Eastern Washington’s fire-adapted dry forests. Without the regular, low-intensity fires that created their open stand structure and resiliency, tree density has increased and brush and dead fuels have accumulated in the understory. The impact of these changes in combination with longer fire seasons have contributed to back-to-back record-breaking wildfire years, millions spent in firefighting resources and recovery, danger to our communities, and millions of acres of severely burned forest. Forest resiliency burning, also called prescribed fire or controlled burning, returns fire as an essential ecological process to these forests and is an effective tool for reducing fuels and associated risk of severe fires. Forest experts have identified 2.7 million acres of Central and Eastern Washington forests in need of restoration (Haugo et al. 2015). The agency’s 20-year Forest Health Strategic Plan addresses the need to increase the pace and scale of forest restoration treatments, which includes the use of prescribed fire. Successful implementation of prescribed fire in dry forest ecosystems faces a number of challenges, primarily unfavorable weather conditions, smoke management regulations, and some public opposition. Recognizing these challenges, the urgent need for large-scale forest restoration, and the usefulness and benefits of prescribed fire, the Legislature passed Engrossed Substitute House Bill (ESHB) 2928. -
The Effects of Fruit Availability and Habitat Disturbance on an Assemblage of Sumatran Hornbills
Bird Conservation International (2000) 10:189–202. BirdLife International 2000 The effects of fruit availability and habitat disturbance on an assemblage of Sumatran hornbills KIKIANGGRAINI,MARGARETKINNAIRDandTIMOTHYO’BRIEN Summary We examined the influence of fruit availability and habitat disturbance, including past and recent forest fires, on an assemblage of hornbills over a four-month period in the Bukit Barisan Selatan National Park, Sumatra. The assemblage is dominated by Wreathed Hornbills Aceros undulatus (7.5 birds/km2), followed by Bushy-crested Hornbills Anorrhinus galeritus (3.05 birds/km2), Rhinoceros Hornbills Buceros rhinoceros (2.6 birds/ km2), and Helmeted Hornbills Buceros vigil (1.9 birds/km2). Overall densities for each species were consistent with estimates from other South-East Asian sites but densities varied temporally and spatially, even for territorial species. We speculate that Rhinoceros and Helmeted Hornbills may exhibit facultative territoriality or they may not be territorial at this site. We found a positive relationship between temporal variability in hornbill numbers and the availability of ripe fruits. All hornbills, especially Rhinoceros and Bushy-crested Hornbills, tended to avoid highly disturbed areas; these areas had a lower than expected number of fruiting trees in five important hornbill diet families. Densities of Bushy-Crested, Rhinoceros, and Helmeted Hornbills declined from 28 to 63% in the post-burn surveys. Wreathed Hornbills, however, increased slightly in the post-burn surveys, possibly because they were nesting there at the time. Movement of hornbills between disturbed and primary forest habitat may enhance regeneration of disturbed areas if hornbills are transporting viable seeds. Introduction Forest size, habitat structure, and the abundance and distribution of fruit resources have been shown to strongly influence the density and distribution of Asian hornbills (Poonswad and Kemp 1993, Kemp 1995, Kinnaird et al. -
Girls' Elite 2 0 2 0 - 2 1 S E a S O N by the Numbers
GIRLS' ELITE 2 0 2 0 - 2 1 S E A S O N BY THE NUMBERS COMPARING NORMAL SEASON TO 2020-21 NORMAL 2020-21 SEASON SEASON SEASON LENGTH SEASON LENGTH 6.5 Months; Dec - Jun 6.5 Months, Split Season The 2020-21 Season will be split into two segments running from mid-September through mid-February, taking a break for the IHSA season, and then returning May through mid- June. The season length is virtually the exact same amount of time as previous years. TRAINING PROGRAM TRAINING PROGRAM 25 Weeks; 157 Hours 25 Weeks; 156 Hours The training hours for the 2020-21 season are nearly exact to last season's plan. The training hours do not include 16 additional in-house scrimmage hours on the weekends Sep-Dec. Courtney DeBolt-Slinko returns as our Technical Director. 4 new courts this season. STRENGTH PROGRAM STRENGTH PROGRAM 3 Days/Week; 72 Hours 3 Days/Week; 76 Hours Similar to the Training Time, the 2020-21 schedule will actually allow for a 4 additional hours at Oak Strength in our Sparta Science Strength & Conditioning program. These hours are in addition to the volleyball-specific Training Time. Oak Strength is expanding by 8,800 sq. ft. RECRUITING SUPPORT RECRUITING SUPPORT Full Season Enhanced Full Season In response to the recruiting challenges created by the pandemic, we are ADDING livestreaming/recording of scrimmages and scheduled in-person visits from Lauren, Mikaela or Peter. This is in addition to our normal support services throughout the season. TOURNAMENT DATES TOURNAMENT DATES 24-28 Dates; 10-12 Events TBD Dates; TBD Events We are preparing for 15 Dates/6 Events Dec-Feb. -
MAGAZINE ® ISSUE 6 Where Everyone Goes for Scripts and Writers™
DECEMBER VOLUME 17 2017 MAGAZINE ® ISSUE 6 Where everyone goes for scripts and writers™ Inside the Mind of a Thriller Writer PAGE 8 Q&A with Producer Lauren de Normandie of Status Media & Entertainment PAGE 14 FIND YOUR NEXT SCRIPT HERE! CONTENTS Contest/Festival Winners 4 Feature Scripts – FIND YOUR Grouped by Genre SCRIPTS FAST 5 ON INKTIP! Inside the Mind of a Thriller Writer 8 INKTIP OFFERS: Q&A with Producer Lauren • Listings of Scripts and Writers Updated Daily de Normandie of Status Media • Mandates Catered to Your Needs & Entertainment • Newsletters of the Latest Scripts and Writers 14 • Personalized Customer Service • Comprehensive Film Commissions Directory Scripts Represented by Agents/Managers 40 Teleplays 43 You will find what you need on InkTip Sign up at InkTip.com! Or call 818-951-8811. Note: For your protection, writers are required to sign a comprehensive release form before they place their scripts on our site. 3 WHAT PEOPLE SAY ABOUT INKTIP WRITERS “[InkTip] was the resource that connected “Without InkTip, I wouldn’t be a produced a director/producer with my screenplay screenwriter. I’d like to think I’d have – and quite quickly. I HAVE BEEN gotten there eventually, but INKTIP ABSOLUTELY DELIGHTED CERTAINLY MADE IT HAPPEN WITH THE SUPPORT AND FASTER … InkTip puts screenwriters into OPPORTUNITIES I’ve gotten through contact with working producers.” being associated with InkTip.” – ANN KIMBROUGH, GOOD KID/BAD KID – DENNIS BUSH, LOVE OR WHATEVER “InkTip gave me the access that I needed “There is nobody out there doing more to directors that I BELIEVE ARE for writers than InkTip – nobody. -
Fracking by the Numbers
Fracking by the Numbers The Damage to Our Water, Land and Climate from a Decade of Dirty Drilling Fracking by the Numbers The Damage to Our Water, Land and Climate from a Decade of Dirty Drilling Written by: Elizabeth Ridlington and Kim Norman Frontier Group Rachel Richardson Environment America Research & Policy Center April 2016 Acknowledgments Environment America Research & Policy Center sincerely thanks Amy Mall, Senior Policy Analyst, Land & Wildlife Program, Natural Resources Defense Council; Courtney Bernhardt, Senior Research Analyst, Environmental Integrity Project; and Professor Anthony Ingraffea of Cornell University for their review of drafts of this document, as well as their insights and suggestions. Frontier Group interns Dana Bradley and Danielle Elefritz provided valuable research assistance. Our appreciation goes to Jeff Inglis for data assistance. Thanks also to Tony Dutzik and Gideon Weissman of Frontier Group for editorial help. We also are grateful to the many state agency staff who answered our numerous questions and requests for data. Many of them are listed by name in the methodology. The authors bear responsibility for any factual errors. The recommendations are those of Environment America Research & Policy Center. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of our funders or those who provided review. 2016 Environment America Research & Policy Center. Some Rights Reserved. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives 3.0 Unported License. To view the terms of this license, visit creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0. Environment America Research & Policy Center is a 501(c)(3) organization. -
British Scorched Earth and Concentration Camp Policies
72 THE BRITISH SCORCHED EARTH AND CONCENTRATION CAMP POLICIES IN THE 1 POTCHEFSTROOM REGION, 1899–1902 Prof GN van den Bergh Research Associate, North-West University Abstract The continued military resistance of the Republics after the occupation of Bloemfontein and Pretoria and exaggerated by the advent of guerrilla tactics frustrated the British High Command. In the case of the Potchefstroom region, British aggravation came to focus on the successful resurgence of the Potchefstroom Commando, under Gen. Petrus Liebenberg, swelled by surrendered burghers from the Gatsrand again taking up arms. A succession of proclamations of increasing severity were directed at civilians for lending support to commandos had no effect on either the growth or success of Liebenberg’s commando. His basis for operations was the Gatsrand from where he disrupted British supply communications. He was involved in British evacuations of the town in July and August 1900 and in assisting De Wet in escaping British pursuit in August 1900. British policy came to revolve around denying Liebenberg use of the abundant food supplies in the Gatsrand by applying a scorched earth policy there and in the adjacent Mooi River basin. This occurred in conjuncture with the brief second and permanent third occupation of Potchefstroom. The subsequent establishment of garrisons there gave rise to the systematic destruction of the Gatsrand agricultural infrastructure. To deny further use of the region by commandos it was depopulated. In consequence, the first and largest concentration camp in the Transvaal was established in Potchefstroom. The policies succeeded in dispelling Liebenberg from the region. Introduction Two of the most controversial aspects of the Anglo Boer War are the closely related British scorched earth and concentration camp policies.