MINISTRY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY Organization: TEREZA CAMPELLO, TIAGO FALCÃO AND PATRICIA VIEIRA DA COSTA BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY FEDERAL GOVERNMENT President of the Federative Republic of Brazil Dilma Rousseff Vice President Michel Temer MINISTRY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER Minister Tereza Campello Executive Secretary Marcelo Cardona Rocha National Secretary for Social Assistance Ieda Castro Secretary of Evaluation and Information Management Paulo Jannuzzi National Secretary of Food and Nutritional Security Arnoldo de Campos National Secretary for Citizenship Income Helmut Schwarzer EXTRAORDINARY SECRETARIAT FOR OVERCOMING EXTREME POVERTY Secretary Tiago Falcão Director of Institutional Relations and Deputy Secretary Patricia Vieira da Costa FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS (FAO). Raúl Benítez – Assistant Director-General and FAO Regional Representative for Latin America and the Caribbean Translation general supervision: Adoniram Sanches, Emma Siliprandi and Alberto Ramírez. English translator: Denise Tarud. Translation review: Caitlin Boucher. This publication was supported by the Brazil-FAO Cooperation Program/Project to Support National and Sub-regional Strategies of Food and Nutritional Security and of Overcoming Poverty in countries of Latin America and the Caribbean. MINISTRY OF SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND FIGHT AGAINST HUNGER/MDS BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY Organizers: TEREZA CAMPELLO, TIAGO FALCÃO AND PATRICIA VIEIRA DA COSTA 1st EDITION Brasília, 2015 © Ministry Of Social Development And Fight against Hunger/MDS 2015 Organizers Tereza Campello Tiago Falcão Patricia Vieira da Costa Graphic Design Project Chica Magalhães / Grupo Informe Comunicação Integrada The views expressed in this publication are the sole and entire responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Ministry of Social Development and Fight against Hunger. Reproductions are allowed, provided the source is acknowledged. Reproductions for commercial purposes are prohibited Interior and cover image: PEACE Candido Portinari Oil Panel / plywood 1.400 x 953 cm Rio de Janeiro (RJ) 1952-1956 Work commissioned to decorate the headquarters of the United Nations in New York, USA,by the panel titled “War.” AKNOWLEDGEMENTS The organizers are immensely grateful for the collaboration of several people who found time in their busy routines to make possible the publication of this work, especially the authors of the 13 articles that make up this book. Our thanks go to the always inspired and engaged Monica Rodrigues, who supported the project and believed in it from the beginning. To the dedicated and committed Raphaella Bandeira the one who is not in the list of organizers to read and critique each article in this publication. To Marina Farias for the tireless review of the articles. We also thank Cláudia Queiroz, Luciana Oliveira and Isabel Costa, for being always available to solve any problem. We would like to thank Paulo Jannuzzi, who supported the project on several fronts. We thank Tatiane Dias for the careful literature review and Ysrael Rodrigues for the compilation of data and graphic design of a large part of this publication. We thank Lígia Kosin, Marta Salomon and Renata Lu Franco for the communication support. Our thanks to Chica Magalhães for the beautiful graphic project. We also wish to thank Jéssica Lima, Emanuelle Oliveira, Thiago Reis, Januário Rodrigues Neto, Aline Diniz and Valéria Fazzura, for the support in several activities during the organization of this book. Our thanks are extended to Marcelo Cardona, Flora Marin, Natascha Rodenbusch Valente, Patrícia Vilas Boas and Kátia Osório, who helped make this publication possible. We wish to express our sincere gratitude to all technical reviewers: Bruno Teixeira, Cintia Melchiori, Emanuelle Oliveira, Fernando Kleiman, Guilherme Carvalho, Isabel Costa, Isabele Bachtold, Janine Mello, Luciana Oliveira, Marcelo Sousa, Marina Farias, Monica Rodrigues, Rafael Mafra, Raphaella Bandeira, Rogério Veiga and Sophia Lacerda. The idea of organizing an English version of the book came from the National Secretariat for Food and Nutritional Security (SESAN/MDS), with the support of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). We thank Arnoldo de Campos and Lilian Rahal for coordinating with FAO and for proposing the initiative. We also wish to thank Raphaella Bandeira, Vera Dolabella, Clarita Rickli and Aline Diniz for their invaluable help, Emma Siliprandi and Caitlin Boucher for the translations made by FAO, and Alessandro Mendes for the layout of the articles. Finally, we would like to acknowledge the efforts made by João Sigora, Raphaella Bandeira, Vera Dolabella, Claudia Queiroz, Marina Farias, Emanuelle Oliveira and Isabel Costa in reviewing the translation of the articles. And our very special acknowledgment to João Candido Portinari, for kindly granting to the “Plano Brasil sem Miséria” the rights to use the images of the work of his father, who portrayed with sensitive geniality the poorest people of our country – Brazilians who take every opportunity to overcome poverty. This book is dedicated to them. SUMMARY .15 FOREWORD .25 THE FORMULATION PROCESS AND THE CHALLENGES OF THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN: FOR A RICH COUNTRY, WITH OPPORTUNITIES FOR EVERYONE Tereza Campello and Janine Mello .59 THE EXTREME POVERTY LINE AND THE TARGET AUDIENCE OF THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN Tiago Falcão and Patricia Vieira da Costa .89 INTERSECTORAL COORDINATION OF THE ACTIONS OF THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN Patricia Vieira da Costa and Tiago Falcão .135 THE BOLSA FAMÍLIA PROGRAM AND THE FIGHT TO OVERCOME EXTREME POVERTY IN BRAZIL Luis Henrique Paiva, Leticia Bartholo, Joana Mostafa, Juliana Picoli Agatte and Celso Lourenço Moreira Corrêa and Walter Shigueru Emura .157 ACCESS TO EDUCATION AND THE FIGHT AGAINST INEQUALITY: THE ROLE OF EDUCATION WITHIN THE SCOPE OF THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN José Henrique Paim Fernandes .175 HEALTH ACTIONS IN THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN: ACCESS TO HEALTH GUIDED BY THE OVERCOMING OF INEQUALITY Patricia Constante Jaime, Márcia Aparecida do Amaral and Helvécio Miranda Magalhães Júnior .205 THE STRATEGY OF PRODUCTIVE INCLUSION IN URBAN AREAS IN THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN Patricia Vieira da Costa, Luiz Herberto Müller, Margarida Munguba Cardoso, Marcelo de Sousa and Luciano Maduro Alves de Lima .241 RURAL PRODUCTIVE INCLUSION OF BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY: STRATEGIES AND PRELIMINARY RESULTS Janine Mello, Bruno Teixeira Andrade, Cíntia Ebner Melchiori and Ysrael Rodrigues de Oliveira .269 RURAL PRODUCTIVE INCLUSION IN THE BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY PLAN: SUMMARY OF THE RECENT EXPERIENCE IN PUBLIC POLICIES TO REACH THE POOREST IN RURAL AREAS OF BRAZIL Arnoldo de Campos, Laudemir Müller, Lilian dos Santos Rahal, Mônica Schroder, Erick Brigante Del Porto and Denise Reif Kroeff .291 THE WATER FOR ALL PROGRAM: A POWERFUL TOOL TO FIGHT POVERTY Paulo Guilherme Francisco Cabral, Andrea Arean Oncala, Larisa Ho Bech Gaivizzo and Renata Corrêa Apoloni .317 BOLSA VERDE PROGRAM: ENVIRONMENTAL PRESERVATION AND ERADICATION OF EXTREME POVERTY Arnoldo de Campos and Adriana Melo Alves .341 MEASURING EXTREME POVERTY IN BRAZIL: METHODOLOGICAL IMPROVEMENTS AND NEW ESTIMATES Paulo de Martino Jannuzzi, Marconi Fernandes de Sousa, Alexander Cambraia Nascimento Vaz, Julio Cesar Gomes Fonseca and Marcia Valéria Sousa Barbosa .373 THE END TO EXTREME POVERTY IS JUST THE BEGINNING Tereza Campello and Tiago Falcão BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY 14 FOREWORD DILMA ROUSSEFF President of the Federative Republic of Brazil Dear reader, Over the centuries, poverty has been a phenomenon surrounded by interests and prejudice. There were times when the poor were considered a “necessary evil” to get the cheap labor that built the country’s and its oligarchies’ wealth. For some, the poor were undesirable testimonies of the reigning inequality and indifference, to be hidden and ignored. For others, they were responsible for their own poverty because of their indolence, without any serious or consistent evidence in this regard. There were many bright and bold Brazilians who rowed against this tide of indifference: from the abolitionists of the nineteenth century to the social and labor movements of the late twentieth century; from the modernist writers and thinkers of the 1930s to contemporary intellectuals; from the political reformers of the twentieth century to the socially committed leaders of the present days. These are the voices of Joaquim Nabuco, Gilberto Freyre, Manoel Bonfim, Sérgio Buarque de Holanda, Josué de Castro, Anísio Teixeira, Paulo Freire, Caio Prado Júnior, Florestan Fernandes, Darcy Ribeiro, Herbert de Sousa, better known as Betinho, and so many others, famous or anonymous, who fought for a less excluding and a more equal country. 15 BRAZIL WITHOUT EXTREME POVERTY In recent years, the Brazilian people realized that economic growth does not naturally translate into the reduction of poverty and inequality. They realized that the decisive and firm action of the State is necessary. Brazil has shown that it no longer wants to fail to ensure the social sustainability of economic growth by turning its back on a significant portion of the population. In this new century, the country finally began to recognize in each and every one of its citizens its greatest asset. Brazil is convinced that