Electromagnetic Railgun

NDIA Joint Armaments Forum, Exhibition & Technology Demonstration

14 May 2014

LCDR Jason Fox, USN Assistant PM, Railgun Ship Integration

Distribution Statement A: Approved for Public Release

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for Public Release EM Railgun & Hyper Velocity Projectile

Distribution A DISTRIBUTION STATEMENTSlide 2 A. Approved for public release. 6/3/2014 Program Structure

Program Sponsors: OSD, OPNAV (N96), Office of Naval Research)

Program Management

Systems Test and Test Safety Engineering Evaluation Infrastructure

Power and Pulsed Test Energy Power Ranges

Test Mount Launcher Facilities

Projectile Fire Control Laboratories

Combat Land/Sea System Platforms

Distribution A Slide 3 6/3/2014 Railgun System Integration

Distribution A Slide 4 6/3/2014 Railgun and Hyper Velocity Projectile

HVP from 5” Gun

An Affordable Multi-Mission Asymmetric Capability DistributionDistribution A Statement C: See front cover. DISTRIBUTION STATEMENTSlide 5 A. Approved for public release. 6/3/2014 5 Multi-Mission Railgun

32 Mega Joule Laboratory Launcher Railgun Development Focus • Technology Proven at 32MJ Muzzle Energy  Focus shifting to rep rate operations

 Tactical Barrel & Mount Compatibility

• Rep Rate 32MJ Launcher & Test Stand  Establish Manufacturing with BAE Systems  Validate Bore Life during Rep Rate Ops

• Rep Rate 32MJ Gun Mount (100NM capable)  Leverage Navy Gun Mount Experience  Integrate HVP Handling & Initialization  Design for Pulsed Power Transfer & Cabling

Transition to Tactical Mount Warfighting Payoff • Responsive, Wide Area Coverage • Precision fires via guided munitions 32MJ Mount with • Deep magazines – cost effective Train & Elevate • Enhanced safety with Low Collateral Damage • Multi-mission, Multi-Barrel Hyper Velocity Projectile (HVP) Rep Rate HVP & Gun Systems equates to Distance 32MJ Test Stand • 20 MJ Railgun → 50 nautical miles • 32 MJ Railgun → 110 nautical miles

32MJ Muzzle Energy Barrel Distribution A Slide 6 6/3/2014

Multi-Mission HVP

Missions Hyper Velocity Projectile

Technologies Anti-Air NSFS - Strike High-G Packaging Electronics

Miniaturization Missiles Anti-Surface Thermal Protect Weapon4 – Weapon Systems Systems 5-Inch Mk 45 Railgun

Adv. Energetics

155 mm – AGS 155 mm

•High speed launch enables effectiveness •High density electronics enables packaging & survivability •High computational power enables advanced tracking & guidance algorithms

Distribution A Slide 7 6/3/2014 Real Progress

Significant Barrel Life Modular Approach – multiple ship types Power & energy for multi-mission Projectile component risk reduction

Distribution A Slide 8 6/3/2014 Naval Railgun – Focus of Effort

Launcher Projectile

• Multi-shot barrel life • Barrel construction to contain rail repulsive forces • Dispensing and Unitary Rounds • Scaling from 8MJ (state of the art) to 32MJ • Gun launch survivability • Thermal management techniques – 20 to 45 kG acceleration • M&S – Represent interaction between bore and – Aero Thermal Risk Management projectile • Hypersonic guided flight for accuracy • Lethality mechanics

Power & Energy Ship Integration

• Dynamic Power Sharing • Space and Weight Pulsed Power Batteries • Cooling Capacitors • EM Field Management • Energy Density • Rep rate operation & thermal management • Switching

Distribution A Slide 9 6/3/2014 Joint High Speed Vessel

Near Term Demonstration • 50NM Manually Loaded Railgun Launcher • NSFS Demonstration Long Term Demonstration (Configuration Pictured) • 50-110NM Multi-Shot Capable Railgun Mount • Ready for At-Sea Demonstration

Ideal Platform for Near and Long Term Demonstrations

Distribution A DISTRIBUTION STATEMENTSlide 10 A. Approved for public release. 6/3/2014 10 Path Forward

• Naval EM Railgun is a Game Changer • Opportunities – Barrel Life Development – Critical Projectile Components – Compact Power & Energy Power Conversion – High Energy Density Pulsed Power – Understanding Ship and Weapons System Integration Requirements – Execution of Demos to validate Simulation/Designs

Transition to Land & Sea Demonstrations

Distribution A Slide 11 6/3/2014 Navy Railgun Contacts

CAPT Michael Ziv, Mr. Roger Ellis, PMS405 Program Manager, NAVSEA 05T/DCTO; Railgun Program Manager; Naval Sea Systems Command Office of Naval Research (Code 352) Directed Energy/Electric Weapons (PMS405) 875 N. Randolph Street 875 N. Randolph Street Arlington, VA 22203 Arlington, VA 22203 Phone: 703.696.9504 Phone: 703.696.5752 [email protected] Cell: 202.306.0976 [email protected]

Dr. Elizabeth D’Andrea, Mr. Charles Garnett, Land Based Railgun Experiment Program Manager; HVP Program Manager; Naval Sea Systems Command Office of Naval Research (Code 352) Directed Energy/Electric Weapons (PMS405) 875 N. Randolph Street 6096 Tisdale Road; Suite 302 Arlington, VA 22203 Dahlgren, VA 22448 Phone: 540.653.3186 Phone: 540.653.5563 [email protected] Cell: 202.423.3290 [email protected]

LCDR Jason Fox, Assistant Program Manager, Railgun Ship Integration / JHSV Demo; 6096 Tisdale Road; Suite 302 Dahlgren, VA 22448 Phone: 540.653.9815 BB: 540.621.6025 [email protected]

Distribution A Slide 12 6/3/2014 Backup

Distribution A Slide 13 6/3/2014 How Railgun Works Operating Principle Cross-Section

(4)(4) SabotSabot andand armaturearmature discards

(3) Force from magnetic field and armature current pushes

projectile down barrel

Insulator B Rail

J F Composite Wrap (2) Switch closes, current flows through cables, rails & armature

(1) Electrical energy stored in Lorentz Force = Current (J) X Magnetic Field (B) capacitor bank or Lorentz Force =1/2 Inductance Gradient (L’) * Current (I)^2 Distribution A Slide 14 6/3/2014 Railgun Operational Impact

• Wide Area Coverage – Increased speed to target – 100+ NM • Accelerates operational tempo – Faster attrition of enemy personnel and equipment – Operation timeline shifts left • Reduces Cost per Kill – Lower Unit Cost – Lower handling Cost • Enhances Safety – Reduced collateral damage – Simplified storage, transportation and replenishment – No unexploded ordnance on • Multi-Mission Capability battlefield – Naval Surface Fire Support • Reduces Logistics – Surface Warfare – Eliminates gun powder trail – Missile Defense – Deep magazines – Long Range Fires

Multi-Mission Capable for Offense and Defense

Distribution A Slide 15 6/3/2014 Commonality Approach

GAME PROJECTILE MISSION & TRANSITION CHANGING GUN SYSTEM WARHEAD TYPE OPPORTUNITES (SABOTED & SUB-CALIBER) CAPABILITY 5” MK 45 MOD 2/4 GUIDED 113 Barrels NSFS – HE 26 – 41 NM (PEO IWS) NSFS/ASCM/ASuW

20 – 32 MJ Railgun GUIDED NSFS – HE FUTURE 50 - 100 NM NSFS - KE (PMS405/PEO IWS) NSFS/ASCM/ASuW/ Future Threats

155 mm – AGS GUIDED 6 Barrels NSFS – HE (PEO IWS) 40 NM NSFS/ASCM/ASuW

155 mm 800 ARMY GUIDED Ground Fires – HE 300 MARINE 17 NM ASSETS Fires/CMD

Multi- Barrel , Multi- Mission, & Multi-Service Applications

Distribution A Slide 16 6/3/2014 Power & Energy

Pulsed Power at the Electromagnetic Launch Facility, Dahlgren, VA

Distribution A Slide 17 6/3/2014 Advanced Energy Systems

High Density Power Electronics Pulsed Forming Network

Pulsed Power in ISO High Voltage Container Charging Module RateActively Cooled Rep- for Mobility & Demo Pulsed Power Module • Charging Power Supplies for Advanced Energy Systems • Capacitor based PFN Platform Flexibility • Converting Ship’s Power to High Voltage for Electric Weapons • Higher Energy Density lowers shipboard volume/footprint • Supports Electric Drive, Railguns, Lasers & Radars • Rep rate operation & thermal management Battery Energy Storage System / Ship Integration

Lithium Ion Battery Battery Energy Storage in Packet ISO Container for Mobility & Demo Platform Flexibility

• Energy Storage to buffer Prime Generators • Dynamic power sharing across platform • Ready Reserve Energy for response to “quick” threats • Designing with Space and Weight Constraints • Requires close Ship Safety Design, Test & Monitoring • Assessing Thermal and EM Field management

Distribution A Slide 18 6/3/2014