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Marxism, Stalinism, and the Juche Speech of 1955: on the Theoretical De-Stalinization of North Korea
Marxism, Stalinism, and the Juche Speech of 1955: On the Theoretical De-Stalinization of North Korea Alzo David-West This essay responds to the argument of Brian Myers that late North Korean leader Kim Il Sung’s Juche speech of 1955 is not nationalist (or Stalinist) in any meaningful sense of the term. The author examines the literary formalist method of interpretation that leads Myers to that conclusion, considers the pro- grammatic differences of orthodox Marxism and its development as “Marx- ism-Leninism” under Stalinism, and explains that the North Korean Juche speech is not only nationalist, but also grounded in the Stalinist political tradi- tion inaugurated in the Soviet Union in 1924. Keywords: Juche, Nationalism, North Korean Stalinism, Soviet Stalinism, Socialism in One Country Introduction Brian Myers, a specialist in North Korean literature and advocate of the view that North Korea is not a Stalinist state, has advanced the argument in his Acta Koreana essay, “The Watershed that Wasn’t” (2006), that late North Korean leader Kim Il Sung’s Juche speech of 1955, a landmark document of North Korean Stalinism authored two years after the Korean War, “is not nationalist in any meaningful sense of the term” (Myers 2006:89). That proposition has far- reaching historical and theoretical implications. North Korean studies scholars such as Charles K. Armstrong, Adrian Buzo, Seong-Chang Cheong, Andrei N. Lankov, Chong-Sik Lee, and Bala、zs Szalontai have explained that North Korea adhered to the tactically unreformed and unreconstructed model of nationalist The Review of Korean Studies Volume 10 Number 3 (September 2007) : 127-152 © 2007 by the Academy of Korean Studies. -
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations
UC San Diego UC San Diego Electronic Theses and Dissertations Title Romancing race and gender : intermarriage and the making of a 'modern subjectivity' in colonial Korea, 1910-1945 Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/9qf7j1gq Author Kim, Su Yun Publication Date 2009 Peer reviewed|Thesis/dissertation eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO Romancing Race and Gender: Intermarriage and the Making of a ‘Modern Subjectivity’ in Colonial Korea, 1910-1945 A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in Literature by Su Yun Kim Committee in charge: Professor Lisa Yoneyama, Chair Professor Takashi Fujitani Professor Jin-kyung Lee Professor Lisa Lowe Professor Yingjin Zhang 2009 Copyright Su Yun Kim, 2009 All rights reserved The Dissertation of Su Yun Kim is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication on microfilm and electronically: Chair University of California, San Diego 2009 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Signature Page…………………………………………………………………...……… iii Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………... iv List of Figures ……………………………………………….……………………...……. v List of Tables …………………………………….……………….………………...…... vi Preface …………………………………………….…………………………..……….. vii Acknowledgements …………………………….……………………………..………. viii Vita ………………………………………..……………………………………….……. xi Abstract…………………………………………………………………………………. xii INTRODUCTION: Coupling Colonizer and Colonized……………….………….…….. 1 CHAPTER 1: Promotion of -
Yun Mi Hwang Phd Thesis
SOUTH KOREAN HISTORICAL DRAMA: GENDER, NATION AND THE HERITAGE INDUSTRY Yun Mi Hwang A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St Andrews 2011 Full metadata for this item is available in St Andrews Research Repository at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/1924 This item is protected by original copyright This item is licensed under a Creative Commons Licence SOUTH KOREAN HISTORICAL DRAMA: GENDER, NATION AND THE HERITAGE INDUSTRY YUN MI HWANG Thesis Submitted to the University of St Andrews for the Degree of PhD in Film Studies 2011 DECLARATIONS I, Yun Mi Hwang, hereby certify that this thesis, which is approximately 80,000 words in length, has been written by me, that it is the record of work carried out by me and that it has not been submitted in any previous application for a higher degree. I was admitted as a research student and as a candidate for the degree of PhD in September 2006; the higher study for which this is a record was carried out in the University of St Andrews between 2006 and 2010. I, Yun Mi Hwang, received assistance in the writing of this thesis in respect of language and grammar, which was provided by R.A.M Wright. Date …17 May 2011.… signature of candidate ……………… I hereby certify that the candidate has fulfilled the conditions of the Resolution and Regulations appropriate for the degree of PhD in the University of St Andrews and that the candidate is qualified to submit this thesis in application for that degree. -
CKS NEWSLETTER Fall 2008
CKS NEWSLETTER Fall 2008 Center for Korean Studies, University of California, Berkeley Message from the Chair Dear Friends of CKS, Colleagues and Students: As we look forward to the thirtieth anniversary of the Center for Korean Studies (CKS) in 2009, we welcome our friends, colleagues, visiting scholars, and students to a year of new programs that we have scheduled for 2008–2009. In addition to continuing with the regular programs of past years, we began this year with the conference “Places at the Table,” an in-depth exploration of Asian women artists with a strong focus on Korean art. We presented a conference on “Reunification: Building Permanent Peace in Korea” (October 10) and a screening of the documentary film “Koryo Saram” (October 24). “Strong Voices,” a forum on Korean and American women poets, is scheduled for April 1–5, 2009. We are in the early planning stages for a dialogue on Korean poetry between Professor Robert Hass of UC Berkeley and Professor David McCann of Harvard, in conjunction with performances of Korean pansori and gayageum (September 2009). Providing that funding is approved by the Korea Foundation, an international conference on Korean Peninsula security issues (organized by Professor Hong Yung Lee) is also planned for next year. The list of colloquium speakers, conferences, seminars, and special events is now available on the CKS website. (See page 2 for the fall and spring schedule.) We welcome novelist Kyung Ran Jo as our third Daesan Foundation Writer-in-Residence. Ms Jo, whose novels have won many awards, will give lectures and share her writing with the campus community through December of this year. -
University of California Riverside
UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA RIVERSIDE North Korean Literature: Margins of Writing Memory, Gender, and Sexuality A Dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Comparative Literature by Immanuel J Kim June 2012 Dissertation Committee: Professor Kelly Jeong, Chairperson Professor Annmaria Shimabuku Professor Perry Link Copyright by Immanuel J Kim 2012 The Dissertation of Immanuel J Kim is approved: _______________________________________ _______________________________________ _______________________________________ Committee Chairperson University of California, Riverside Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to thank the Korea Foundation for funding my field research to Korea from March 2010 to December 2010, and then granting me the Graduate Studies Fellowship for the academic year of 2011-2012. It would not be an overstatement for me to say that Korea Foundation has enabled me to begin and complete my dissertation. I would also like to thank Academy of Korean Studies for providing the funds to extend my stay in Korea. I am grateful for my advisors Professors Kelly Jeong, Henk Maier, and Annmaria Shimabuku, who have provided their invaluable comments and criticisms to improve and reshape my attitude and understanding of North Korean literature. I am indebted to Prof. Perry Link for encouraging me and helping me understand the similarities and differences found in the PRC and the DPRK. Prof. Kim Chae-yong has been my mentor in reading North Korean literature, opening up opportunities for me to conduct research in Korea and guiding me through each of the readings. Without him, my research could not have gotten to where it is today. Ch’oe Chin-i and the Imjingang Team have become an invaluable resource to my research of writers in the Writer’s Union and the dynamic changes occurring in North Korea today. -
KOREA's LITERARY TRADITION 27 Like Much Folk and Oral Literature, Mask Dances Ch'unhyang Chòn (Tale of Ch'unhyang)
Korea’s Literary Tradition Bruce Fulton Introduction monks and the Shilla warrior youth known as hwarang. Corresponding to Chinese Tang poetry Korean literature reflects Korean culture, itself and Sanskrit poetry, they have both religious and a blend of a native tradition originating in Siberia; folk overtones. The majority are Buddhist in spirit Confucianism and a writing system borrowed from and content. At least three of the twenty-five sur- China; and Buddhism, imported from India by way viving hyangga date from the Three Kingdoms peri- of China. Modern literature, dating from the early od (57 B.C. – A.D. 667); the earliest, "Sòdong yo," 1900s, was initially influenced by Western models, was written during the reign of Shilla king especially realism in fiction and imagism and sym- Chinp'yòng (579-632). Hyangga were transcribed in bolism in poetry, introduced to Korea by way of hyangch'al, a writing system that used certain Japan. For most of its history Korean literature has Chinese ideographs because their pronunciation embodied two distinct characteristics: an emotional was similar to Korean pronunciation, and other exuberance deriving from the native tradition and ideographs for their meaning. intellectual rigor originating in Confucian tradition. The hyangga form continued to develop during Korean literature consists of oral literature; the Unified Shilla kingdom (667-935). One of the literature written in Chinese ideographs (han- best-known examples, "Ch'òyong ka" (879; “Song of mun), from Unified Shilla to the early twentieth Ch'òyong”), is a shaman chant, reflecting the influ- century, or in any of several hybrid systems ence of shamanism in Korean oral tradition and sug- employing Chinese; and, after 1446, literature gesting that hyangga represent a development of written in the Korean script (han’gùl). -
Cold War Cultures in Korea by Travis Workman
Cold War Cultures in Korea Instructor: Travis Workman Campuses: U of Minnesota, Ohio State U, and Pennsylvania State U Course website: http://coldwarculturesinkorea.com In this course we will analyze the Cold War (1945-1989) not only as an era in geopolitics, but also as a historical period marked by specific cultural and artistic forms. We focus on the Korean peninsula, looking closely at the literary and film cultures of both South Korea and North Korea. We discuss how the global conflict between U.S.- centered and Soviet-centered societies affected the politics, culture, and geography of Korea between 1945 and 1989, treating the division of Korea as an exemplary case extending from the origins of the Cold War to the present. We span the Cold War divide to compare the culture and politics of the South and the North through various cultural forms, including anti-communist and socialist realist films, biography and autobiography, fiction, and political discourse. We also discuss the legacy of the Cold War in contemporary culture and in the continued existence of two states on the Korean peninsula. The primary purpose is to be able to analyze post-1945 Korean cultures in both their locality and as significant aspects of the global Cold War era. Topics will include the politics of melodrama, cinema and the body, visualizing historical memory, culture under dictatorship, and issues of gender. TEXTS For Korean texts and films, the writer or director’s family name appears first. Please use the family name in your essays and check with me if you are unsure. -
The Gendered Politics of Meat: Becoming Tree in Kang’S the Vegetarian, Atwood’S the Edible Woman and Ozeki’S My Year of Meats Notes Aline Ferreira 1
Série Alimentopia USDA - United States Department of Agriculture. (2015). Local Food Marketing Practices Survey. [on- line] URL: https://www.nass.usda.gov/Surveys/Guide_to_NASS_Surveys/Local_Food/, accessed on October 21st, 2019. Woolcock, M., & Narayan, D. (2000). Social capital: implications for development theory, research and policy. World Bank Research Observer, 15 (2), 225-249. The Gendered Politics of Meat: Becoming Tree in Kang’s The Vegetarian, Atwood’s The Edible Woman and Ozeki’s My Year of Meats Notes Aline Ferreira 1. Josué de Castro was a doctor, professor, geographer, sociologist and politician and he made the fight against hunger his life. Author of numerous iconic works, he revolutionised concepts of sustainable development and studied in depth the social injustices that caused misery, especially in Brazil. His best-known work and what has been used as a bibliography of this work is The Geopolitics of Hunger. 2. An inseparable union of four characteristics: ecologically sound, economically viable, socially fair and This essay addresses the vexed question of the gendered politics of meat, using three novels culturally accepted (Slow Food, 2013). that powerfully dramatise these issues as case studies: Margaret Atwood’s The Edible Woman 3. Manifesto of the international Slow Food movement of 1989, which maintains that food needs to be (1990), Ruth Ozeki’s My Year of Meats (1998) and – to be treated first – Han Kang’s The Vegetarian good, referring to the aroma and flavour, and the skill of the production not to change its naturalness; (2007). The topics of meat-eating and animal farming as well as the ways in which they intersect clean, referring to sustainable practices of cultivation, processing and marketing - all stages of the problematically with sexual politics are the main thematic concerns in the three novels, which production chain must protect biodiversity, the producer and the consumer; fair in the sense that can be seen as engaged in a critical dialogue. -
The Unificationist Funerary Tradition
religions Article The Unificationist Funerary Tradition Lukas Pokorny Department of Religious Studies, University of Vienna, 1010 Vienna, Austria; [email protected] Received: 22 April 2020; Accepted: 17 May 2020; Published: 20 May 2020 Abstract: This paper explores the distinctive funerary tradition of the Unification Movement, a globally active South Korean new religious movement founded in 1954. Its funerary tradition centres on the so-called Seonghwa (formerly Seunghwa) Ceremony, which was introduced in January 1984. The paper traces the doctrinal context and the origin narrative before delineating the ceremony itself in its Korean expression, including its preparatory and follow-up stages, as well as its short-lived adaptation for non-members. Notably, with more and more first-generation adherents passing away—most visibly in respect to the leadership culminating in the Seonghwa Ceremony of the founder himself in 2012—the funerary tradition has become an increasingly conspicuous property of the Unificationist lifeworld. This paper adds to a largely uncharted area in the study of East Asian new religious movements, namely the examination of their distinctive deathscapes, as spelled out in theory and practice. Keywords: Unification Church; funeral; death; ritual; new religious movement; Korea; East Asia 1. Introduction “‘Death’ is a sacred word. It is not a major expression for sorrow and pain. [ ::: ] The moment one enters the spiritual world is a time that one enters a world of joy and victory with the earthly life having blossomed, the fruits borne, and the grain ladled. It is a moment we [i.e., those staying behind] should rejoice. It should be a time when we celebrate wholeheartedly. -
Spring 2011 Vol. 4 No. 1
C M Y K Spring 2011 Vol. 4 No. 1 Spring 2011 Vol. 4 No. 1 Vol. ISSNISBN 2005-0151 C M Y K Quarterly Magazine of the Cultural Heritage Administration Spring 2011 Vol. 4 No. 1 Cover Blue symbolizes spring. The symbolism originates from the traditional “five direc- tional colors” based on the ancient Chinese thought of wuxing, or ohaengohaeng in Korean. The five colors were associated with seasons and other phenomena in nature, including the fate of humans. The cover design fea- tures phoenixes or bonghwang, a popular motif in Korean traditional arts. For more stories about animal symbols, see p. 22. KOREAN HERITAGE is also available on the website. ( http://english.cha.go.kr ) CHA New Vignettes KoreAN FolK Customs Choe Takes Office as New Administrator Five Colors and Five Flavors: Bibimbap for Global Gourmets Choe Kwang-shik, former director of the National Museum of Korea, was appointed Traditional Korean dishes are characterized by an orchestration of rich colors and new administrator of the Cultural Heritage Administration on February 9. He suc- flavors. They often harmonize the five fundamental colors of blue, white, black, red ceeded Yi Kun-moo, who served as CHA administrator for the past 35 months. In his and yellow, deriving from the East Asian philosophy of the “five phases” (ohaeng, or inaugural address, Mr. Choe emphasized international exchange of cultural heritage, wuxing in Chinese). These colors are associated with the five cardinal directions of social role of cultural heritage, transparent cultural heritage administration and culti- east, west, north, south and center; they are also related with the five basic flavors and vation of specialized human resources. -
The Writings of Henry Cu
P~per No. 13 The Writings of Henry Cu Kim The Center for Korean Studies was established in 1972 to coordinate and develop the resources for the study of Korea at the University of Hawaii. Its goals are to enhance the quality and performance of Uni versity faculty with interests in Korean studies; develop compre hensive and balanced academic programs relating to Korea; stimulate research and pub lications on Korea; and coordinate the resources of the University with those of the Hawaii community and other institutions, organizations, and individual scholars engaged in the study of Korea. Reflecting the diversity of academic disciplines represented by its affiliated faculty and staff, the Center especially seeks to further interdisciplinary and intercultural studies. The Writings of Henry Cu Killl: Autobiography with Commentaries on Syngman Rhee, Pak Yong-man, and Chong Sun-man Edited and Translated, with an Introduction, by Dae-Sook Suh Paper No. 13 University of Hawaii Press Center for Korean Studies University of Hawaii ©Copyright 1987 by the University of Hawaii Press All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Honolulu, Hawaii 96822 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Kim, Henry Cu, 1889-1967. The Writings of Henry Cu Kim. (Paper; no. 13) Translated from holographs written in Korean. Includes index. 1. Kim, Henry Cu, 1889-1967. 2. Kim, Henry Cu, 1889-1967-Friends and associates. 3. Rhee, Syngman, 1875-1965. 4. Pak, Yong-man, 1881-1928. 5. Chong, Sun-man. 6. Koreans-Hawaii-Biography. 7. Nationalists -Korea-Biography. I. Suh, Dae-Sook, 1931- . II. Title. III. Series: Paper (University of Hawaii at Manoa. -
Ch'oe, Yŏng-Ho, Peter H. Lee, and Wm. Theodore De Bary, Ed
RECOMMENDED HISTORY READINGS (texts not provided) For History: Ch’oe, Yŏng-ho, Peter H. Lee, and Wm. Theodore de Bary, eds. Sources of Korean Tradition, Vol. 2: From the Sixteenth to the Twentieth Centuries. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000. Eckert, Carter J., Ki-baik Lee, Young Ick Lew, Michael Robinson, and Edward W. Wagner. Korea Old and New: A History. Seoul: Korea: Ilchokak, Publishers, 1990. Hwang, Kyung Moon. A History of Korea. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2010. Lee, Peter H., Wm. Theodore de Bary, Yŏng-ho Ch’oe, and Hugh H. W. Kang, eds., Sources of Korean Tradition, Vol.1: From Early Times Through the Sixteenth Century (Introduction to Asian Civilizations). New York: Columbia University Press, 1996. Oberdorfer, Don. The Two Koreas: A Contemporary History. New York: Basic Books, 2013. Robinson, Michael E. Korea’s Twentieth-Century Odyssey: A Short History. Honolulu: University of Hawai’i Press, 2007. Schirokauer, Conrad, and Donald Clark. Chapters 3, 9 (section 2), 12 (section 2), 14 (section 3) and 18 in Modern East Asia: A Brief History. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2008. Anthologies and Translations: Early Korean Literature: Selections and Introductions. Edited and translated by David McCann. Columbia U Press, 2000. Modern Korean Fiction: An Anthology. Edit by Bruce Fulton and Young Min Kwon. Columbia U Press, 2005. The Columbia Anthology of Modern Korean Poetry. Edit by David McCann. Columbia U Press, 2004. Questioning Minds: Short Stories by Modern Korean Women Writers. Edit and trans. by Young Hee Kim, U of Hawaii Press, 2010. CLASSICAL KOREAN LITERATURE From Early Times to the End of Chosǒn Dynasty (1392 – 1910) The first set of readings presents a selection of myths, poetry, and prose from early times to the end of Chosǒn Dynasty.