Verbal Humor in the English Rio 2 Film Expressions and Their Bahasa Indonesia Subtitling Expressions
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VERBAL HUMOR IN THE ENGLISH RIO 2 FILM EXPRESSIONS AND THEIR BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLING EXPRESSIONS A THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Attainment of a Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Language and Literature By Aan Mulyana 11211141001 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2016 VERBAL HUMOR IN THE ENGLISH RIO 2 FILM EXPRESSIONS AND THEIR BAHASA INDONESIA SUBTITLING EXPRESSIONS A THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Attainment of a Sarjana Sastra Degree in English Language and Literature By Aan Mulyana 11211141001 ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS YOGYAKARTA STATE UNIVERSITY 2016 i PERNYATAAN Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya Nama : Aan Mulyana NIM : 11211141001 Program Studi : Bahasa dan Sastra Inggris Jurusan : Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris Fakultas : Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni Universitas : Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta menyatakan bahwa karya ilmiah ini adalah hasil pekerjaan saya sendiri. Sepanjang pengetahuan saya, karya ilmiah ini tidak berisi materi yang ditulis oleh orang lain, kecuali bagian-bagian tertentu yang saya ambil sebagai acuan dengan mengikuti tata cara dan etika penulisan karya ilmiah yang lazim. Apabila ternyata terbukti bahwa pernyataan ini tidak benar, sepenuhnya akan menjadi tanggung jawab saya. Yogyakarta, 17 Juni 2016. Penulis, Aan Mulyana iv MOTTOS “If I had no sense of humor, I would long ago have committed suicide.” Mahatma Gandhi. “We have one life, it soon will be past, what we do for God is all that will last.” Muhammad Ali. v DEDICATIONS This thesis is especially dedicated with respect and gratitude to my beloved parents, Abah Ujang Mukhtar & Emak Sri Nani, who with their sacrifices provided me with not only the wherewithal of studying, but also the awareness of the importance of study in life. I love you more than my words can ever express. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Bismillaahirrahmaanirrahiim. Alhamdulillaahi Rabbil ‘alamiin. First and foremost I would like to express my highest gratitude and praise to Allah Subhanahu Wa Ta’alaa, the Most Beneficent and the Most Merciful, for His blessing, love, care, opportunity, health, and mercy. Secondly, my humblest gratitude to the Holy Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) whose way of life has been a continuous guidance for me. This thesis appears in its current form due to the assistance and guidance of several people. It gives me a great pleasure to express my gratitude to all those who supported me and have contributed to make this thesis possible. I owe my deepest gratitude to: 1. my first and second supervisors (Bapak Drs. Asruddin B. Tou, M.A., Ph.D. and Bapak Andy Bayu Nugroho, S.S., M.Hum.) who have patiently given helps, advices, guidance, corrections in the process of accomplishing this thesis; 2. my academic adviser (Ibu Titik Sudartinah, S.S., M.A.) who has always given me advice regarding my academic plan and support me to complete this thesis as soon as possible; 3. the examiners (Bapak Drs. Suhaini M. Saleh, M.A., Bapak Drs. Asruddin B. Tou, M.A., Ph.D., Bapak Andy Bayu Nugroho, S.S., M.Hum., and Ibu Niken Anggraeni, S.S., M.A.) for their valuable input and feedback; 4. my beloved parents (Emak Sri Nani and Abah U. Mukhtar) and all my dear elder brothers and sisters who always give me continuous love and affection, vii and for their steady encouragements, motivation, and support to finish this project; 5. all lectures in English Language and Literature Study Program (English Education Department - Faculty of Languages and Arts - Yogyakarta State University) who have transferred lot of knowledge; 6. my big family in Kesatuan Bangsa School Yogyakarta for being my second home and giving me tremendous experience in undertaking remarkable journey; 7. all my friends in the English Language and Literature Study Program (2011), especially my classmates in A class and in Translation Studies concentration; 8. all the three respondents (Aniendya Prasetyaningtyas, Oktaviani Primasari, and Difara Uswatun Khasanah) for their valuable comments and suggestions regarding my questionnaire; 9. all the three triangulators; Karimzoda Fazliddin, Ika Wahyu Maylani, and Wahyu Kurniasari for their assistance with the proofreading of the final versions. Finally, I tried to do my best in finishing this thesis. As I realize that it is still far from being perfect, suggestions and opinions are welcomed and expected from the readers. Yet, I hope this thesis will be beneficial to those who are interested in the study of translation phenomena. Yogyakarta, June 2016. Aan Mulyana viii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE ........................................................................................ i APPROVAL SHEET ............................................................................ ii RATIFICATION SHEET ................................................................... iii PERNYATAAN .................................................................................... iv MOTTOS .............................................................................................. v DEDICATIONS .................................................................................... vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ................................................................ vii TABLE OF CONTENTS ..................................................................... ix LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................... xiii LIST OF FIGURES .............................................................................. xix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS............................................................... xx LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................................................... xxi ABSTRACT ........................................................................................... xxii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION .......................................................... 1 A. Background of the Problem ................................................................ 1 B. Focus and Formulation of the Problem .............................................. 6 C. Objectives of the Research ................................................................. 8 D. Significance of the Research .............................................................. 9 1. Theoretical Significance ................................................................ 9 2. Practical Significance .................................................................... 9 ix CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................... 10 A. Theoretical Review ............................................................................ 10 1. Translation ..................................................................................... 10 a. Notions of Translation .............................................................. 10 b. Processes of Translation ........................................................... 12 c. Types of Translation ................................................................. 14 1) Intralingual Translation or Rewording ................................ 16 2) Intersemiotic Translation or Transmutation ........................ 16 3) Interlingual Translation or Translation Proper ................... 16 a) Dubbing .......................................................................... 18 b) Voice-over ...................................................................... 19 c) Subtitling ........................................................................ 20 2. Subtitling Strategies ..................................................................... 21 a. Expansion ................................................................................ 21 b. Paraphrase ................................................................................ 22 c. Transfer .................................................................................... 23 d. Imitation ................................................................................... 23 e. Transcription ............................................................................ 24 f. Dislocation ............................................................................... 25 g. Condensation ............................................................................ 25 h. Decimation ............................................................................... 26 i. Deletion .................................................................................... 26 j. Resignation ............................................................................... 26 3. Verbal Humor ............................................................................... 27 a. Notions of Verbal Humor ........................................................ 27 b. Types of Verbal Humor ........................................................... 28 1) Wordplay ............................................................................. 28 a) Homonymy ..................................................................... 29 b) Homophony .................................................................... 30 c) Homograph ..................................................................... 31 d) Paronymy ....................................................................... 32 x 2) Allusion ..............................................................................