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500 L I A G 500 BANK 2000 G A N A I M N N BASIN D R E O 500 N DOHRN - PLATEAU L K I T B E RØST C S A 1000 BANK E L J Y L BANK A O N K K W A 2000 R D A R A M IS R E N E N D U 200 E A O T E A G L TRÆNA 50 D Arctic Circle P N W 30° 3000 DEEP D G GULF 30° I N I R Scale: 1:6 000 000 Ö V OF Map projection: Polar stereographic R R Standard parallel: 75° N I 2000 TRÆNA BOTHNIA Horizontal datum: WGS 84

C 1000 E BANK Vertical datum: Mean sea level NORWEGIAN E G BASIN Heights and depths: Meters above and D R L I O below sea level A R I SKLINNA (Lake depths are not indicated) N L D 500 E G BANK 20° I T T R E E 20° 200 A HALTEN N SWEDEN Bathymetric and topographic tints (heavy bars denote contours displayed on the map) BANK

200

-5000 -4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 -500 -200 -100 -50 0 50 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 1000 (Meters) 10° 10°

0°

180° THE INTERNATIONAL BATHYMETRIC CHART OF THE ARCTIC OCEAN (IBCAO)

150° 150°

Map Production and Background database in the southern Norwegian-Greenland Seas, in Baffin Bay, and in some areas of the Canadian Arctic. Land relief was derived This map is a product of IBCAO Editorial Board This map is a modern version of Sheet 5.17 of the General Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO). from Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 (GMTED2010) [Danielson and Gesch, 2011], with the exception of Greenland, Cartography by The map has been constructed within the International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean (IBCAO) where the model developed by the Danish National Survey and Cadastre (KMS) was used [Ekholm, 1996]. Coastline definition was Martin Jakobsson, Stockholm University, Sweden project that was initiated 1997 in St Petersburg, Russia. IBCAO has so far engaged the volunteer efforts provided by the World Vector Shoreline (WVS) in all areas except Greenland and northern Ellesmere Island, where an updated coast- Yulia Zarayskaya, Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation of experts in seafloor mapping from 11 countries: Canada, Denmark, Germany, Iceland, Italy, Norway, line was available from KMS. 120° Russia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom and the USA. IBCAO forms a regional effort under GEBCO, in IBCAO Editorial Board 2015 120° turn operating under the joint auspices of the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (IOC) of Grid Availability Jan Erik Arndt, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany UNESCO and the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO). The grid that was used for the construction of this map can be obtained in two forms: Cartesian with a cell size of 500 x 500 m on a Angelo Carmerlenghi, ICREA and University of Barcelona, Spain Polar Stereographic projection, and Geographic with a cell size of 30 x 30 arc seconds of latitude respective longitude. These grids, Bernard Coakley, University of Alaska Fairbanks, USA First proposed at the VII International Congress on Geography held in 1899 in Berlin, GEBCO was along with detailed descriptions of their formats and the techniques employed in their preparation, can be downloaded from the Boris Dorschel, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany established in 1903 under the direction of Prince Albert I of Monaco. It was intended that bathymetric IBCAO web site at: http://ibcao.org/ Julian A. Dowdeswell, University of Cambridge, UK data from all cruises and expeditions, regardless of their national origin, would be brought together in Steve Forbes, Canadian Hydrographic Service, Canada one series of maps covering the entire world ocean. That intent was realized when oceanographic and Undersea Feature Names Boris Fridman, North-West Reg. Prod. Centre of Geoinf. and Mine Surveying, Russian Federation hydrographic organizations and institutions, governments and commercial entities, and academia Undersea feature names labeled on this map are from the GEBCO Sub-Committee on Undersea Feature Names (SCUFN) digital gazet- Hanne Hodnesdal, Norwegian Mapping Authority, Hydrographic Service, Norway supplied the data on which five printed editions of GEBCO were produced between 1903 and 1982. teer. Names of seas are from the IHO publication S-23, Limits of Oceans and Seas (Draft 4th Edition, 2002). Martin Jakobsson (chairman), Stockholm University, Sweden Larry A. Mayer,University of New Hampshire, USA 90°W 90°E Bathymetric Sources and Compilation Methods References David Mosher, Geological Survey of Canada, Canada This map is based on the IBCAO Version 3.0 gridded digital bathymetric model with a cell size of 500 x Cherkis, N. Z., H. S. Fleming, M. D. Max, P. R. Vogt, M. F. Czarnecki, Y. Kristoffersen, A. Midthassel, and K. Rokoengen (1991), Bathym Riko Noormets, The University Centre in Svalbard, Svalbard 500 m on a Polar Stereographic projection. The gridding compilation methods along with details of the etry of the Barents and Kara Seas. Map, scale 1:2,313,000. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado. Richard Pedersen, Danish Geodata Agency, Denmark bathymetric source data are described in Jakobsson et al. [2012]. In summary, the bathymetric source Danielson, J. J., and D. B. Gesch (2011), Global Multi-resolution Terrain Elevation Data 2010 (GMTED2010). U.S. Geological Survery Michele Rebesco, Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale, Italy 80°N data used in the construction of IBCAO Version 3.0 grid consist of historic and recent under-ice sound- Open File Report, 2011-1073, 25 pp. Hans-Werner Schenke, Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Germany ings collected by submarines of the United States and the United Kingdom, historic and recent obser- Ekholm, S. (1996), A full coverage, high-resolution, topographic model of Greenland computed from a variety of digital elevation data. Paola G. Travaglini, Canadian Hydrographic Service, Canada vations collected on icebreakers and ice camps, and information portrayed in published navigation and Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 101(B10), p. 21,961–21,972, doi:10.1029/96JB01912. Pauline Weatherall, British Oceanographic Data Centre, UK 75°N compilation charts. A generalized source identification map is shown in this legend. Although exten- Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, International Hydrographic Organization, and British Oceanographic Data Centre Yulia Zarayskaya, Geological Institute Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation Source Identification Map sive, in some areas the database of digital trackline and spot observations contained critical gaps that (2003), Centenary Edition of the GEBCO Digital Atlas. CD-ROM, Brittish Oceanographic Data Center, Liverpool, U. K. 60° Based on IBCAO Version 3.0 Source Iden- Jakobsson, M., Mayer, L.M., Coakley, B., Dowdeswell, J.A., Forbes, S., Fridman, B., Hodnesdal, H., Noormets, R., Pedersen, R., 70°N had to be augmented with information that was only available on paper maps and charts. 60° tification Grid (SID). Rebesco, M., Schenke, H.W., Zarayskaya, Y., Accettella, D., Armstrong, A., Anderson, R.M., Bienhoff, P., Camerlenghi, A., The area of the Arctic Ocean covered by modern multibeam surveys in IBCAO Version 3.0 amounts to Church, I., Edwards, M., Gardner, J.V., Hall, J.K., Hell, B., Hestvik, O., Kristoffersen, Y., Marcussen, C., Mohammad, R., Mosher, 65°N about 11 %. In the central Arctic Ocean, original observations were augmented with contour informa- D., Nghiem, S.V., Pedrosa, M.T., Travaglini, P.G., Weatherall, P. (2012), The International Bathymetric Chart of the Arctic Ocean tion derived from a map published by the Russian Federation Navy [Naryshkin, 2001]. Similarly, (IBCAO) Version 3.0. Geophysical Research Letters, v. 39, L12609. contours extracted from maps published by the Geological Society of America [Perry et al., 1986; Matishov, G. G., N. Z. Cherkis, M. S. Vermillion, and S. L. Forman (1995), Bathymetry of the Franz Josef Land area. Map, scale Cherkis et al., 1991; Matishov et al., 1995] were used in Bering Strait and in the Barents and Kara Seas. 1:500,000. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado. On the continental shelf adjacent to Siberia, soundings were extracted from a suite of navigational Naryshkin, G. (2001), Bottom relief of the Arctic Ocean, bathymetric contour map. Map, scale 1:2,500,000. Russian Academy of 30° MultibeamSingle beam 30° charts published by the Russian Federation Navy, and used to develop contours. Contours were Sciences, St. Petersburg, United Nations Intergovernmental Olex crowd source Perry, R. K., H. S. Fleming, J. R. Weber, Y. Kristoffersen, J. K. Hall, A. Grantz, G. L. Johnson, N. Z. Cherkis, and B. Larsen (1986), Bathym Digital Terrain Models extracted from the GEBCO Digital Atlas (GDA) [Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, Inter- Educational, Scientific and Oceanographic etry of the Arctic Ocean. Map, scale 1:4,704,075. Geological Society of America, Boulder, Colorado. 0° Digital BathymetricDigitized bathymetric Models maps national Hydrographic Organization, and British Oceanographic Data Centre, 1997] to supplement the Cultural Organization Commission From top left (counterclockwise): USCG IB Healy, RV Sikuliaq (UAF), CCGC Louis St-Laurent, Swedish IB Oden (SPRS), Russian RV Akademik Tryoshnikov (AARI) General'approach

Operations of Central'Observatory: research aircrafts RV'Polarstern and helicopters

! Extend vertical and geografical coverage

Drift/fall/2019 to fall/2020

Distributed'network Rendezvous'with of satellite stations icebreakers from MOSAiC partners

! Broader geografic coverage &'supply

MOSAiC Workshop,/St./Petersburg, 13/Nov/2017

https://www.mosaic-expedition.org/about-mosaic/meetings/mosaic-implementation-workshop.html 3 Spatial'coverage

Central8Observatory • Ship/based • Sea/ice/stations " Process/scale/ observations

Distributed8Network8 • Sea/ice/stations/visited/by/helicopter • UAV,/gliders • Process/&/regional/model " Model/grid/cell

Large>scale8linkages • Collaborating/research/vessels/(Academic/ Tryoshnikov,/Xue Long,/Oden…) • Aircraft/(Polar/5,6) • Arctic/buoys,/satellites • Data/assimilation/studies " Arctic/regional/&/global/models >/1000/km

ChinaHNordic/Arctic/Cooperation/Symposium,/Dalian,/24H26th/May/2017 https://www.mosaic-expedition.org/about-mosaic/meetings/mosaic-implementation-workshop.html Expedition Logistics Timeline

Akademik Fedorov Admiral Makarov RV Oden RV Xue Long

1