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Russian-German Cooperation in the Siberian Shelf Seas: Geo-System Laptev-Sea

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Russian-German Cooperation in the Siberian Shelf Seas: Geo-System Laptev-Sea Russian-German Cooperation in the Siberian Shelf Seas: Geo-System Laptev-Sea Edited by Heidemarie Kassens, Hans-Wolfgang Hubberten Sergey M. Pryamikov, RüdigeStein Ber. Polarforsch. 144 (1 994) ISSN 0176 - 5027 edited by H. Kassens GEOMAR Research Center for Marine Geosciences, Kiel, Germany, H.W. Hubberten Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Potsdam, Germany, S. M. Pryamikov Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia, and R. Stein Alfred-Wegener-Institute for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ...........................................................................................................i Liste of authors and participants ..............................................................iv Prologue and Scientific Perspectives for the Project 'Laptev Sea System' .....................................................................................vii Oceanography, biology, and climatology of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea .......................................................................................... 1 Alekseev, G. V. The Arctic Seas in the Arctic climate system ..................................................3 Schauer, U. The Arctic shelves: their role in water mass formation ...................................9 Timokhov, L.A. Regional characteristics of the Laptev and the East Siberian seas: climate, topography, ice phases, thermohaline regime, and circulation .....................15 Zakharo V, V.F. On the character of cause-effect relationships between sea ice and thermal conditions in the atmosphere ........................................................................33 ßeimnitzE. The Laptev Sea shelf ice regime from a western perspective ......................45 Dethleff, D. Dynamics of the Laptev Sea flaw lead ..........................................................49 Abramov, V.A. Sea ice variation and biological productivity in the Palar Basin ....................55 Sirenko, B., Piepenburg, D. and M. Spindler Current knowledge On biodiversity and benthic zonation Patterns of Eurasian Arctic Shelf seas, with special reference to the Laptev Sea .......... 69 Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology of the Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea and the adjacent deep-sea ...................................................79 Kassens, H. and J. Thiede Arctic sea ice: geological and climatological significance at present and in the past ..............................................................................................81 Stein, R. and S. Korolev Present and past shelf-to-basin transport ..................................................... 87 Spielhagen , R. F. and J. Thiede Late Quaternary changes in the Arctic Ocean ice Cover ............................. 101 Ivanov, V.L., Gramberg, I.S., Pogrebitsky, Lazurkin, D.V., Kim, B./., Yashin, D.S. and G.P. Avetisov Evolution peculiarities of the Laptev Sea geosystem as a key region in the Arctic (achieved results and ways of further investigations) ....................... 107 Thiede, J. and D.K. Füttere The Nansen Arctic Drilling Programme (NAD) ............................................ 111 Drachev, S. and Savostin , L.A. Structure and plate tectonics of the Laptev Shelf: Drilling of the geological record......................................................................................... 1 15 Emelyanov, E. M. The sedimentation in the Norwegian Greenland Sea ................................. 117 Preface PREFACE The workshop 'Russian-German Cooperation in and around the Laptev Sea' was held in May 1993 in St. Petersburg in order to assess (1) the state of knowledge of the Laptev Sea and the adjacent continental margin of the deep Arctic, and (2) to develop a research strategy for the marine geosciences in the Laptev Sea and terrestrial work in East Siberia. The workshop brought together 70 scientists, among them meteorologists, sea ice physicists, oceanographers, biologists, chemists, geologists and geophysicists from various Russian and German research institutions (Fig. 1). The main goal of the workshop was to promote and coordinate scientific collaboration among scientists from Germany and Russia who study the present and past oceariography and climatology as well the ecology of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. The workshop was organized into serveral sessions which followed various themes of the environment of the Siberian shelf seas from their present situation to their geological record: (I) Oceanography, biology and climatology of the Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea Oceanography of the Eurasian Arctic shelf seas Laptev Sea polynya 0 "Dirty" sea ice 0 Biology of the Laptev Sea (11) Paleoceanography and paleoclimatology of the Laptev Sea, East Siberian Sea and the adjacent deep sea From Siberia to the Arctic Ocean: the land-sea connection 0 Present and past shelf to basin transport 0 History of the Arctic sea-ice Cover 0 Nansen Arctic Drilling Programme: Laptev Shelf - Gakkel Ridge intersection (111) Coordination of joint future research projects The scientific content of this workshop is briefly documented in this book containing most of the results and discussions as well as planned joint future research programs. This publication of this volume serves various purposes. It is primarily a forum for scientists working in the Siberian shelf seas, in which the results of many years of research can be published briefly. In order to provide all the participants in the workshop with the opportunity for presenting their results, a speedy way of publication was chosen. Thus, each individual author has presented his opinions and views as he or she Sees them, reflecting the diversity and complexity of the Laptev Sea system. On the other hand, this volume offers many researchers the possibility of acquainting themselves with methods and results of research into the East Siberian seas as carried out in other Parts of the world. Finally, it is hoped that this collection of papers will function as a first step toward joint research projects. Many of the papers published identify major scientific problems, thus offering new perspectives for future scientific research in polar regions. Preface Fig. 1: Participants in the workshop 'Russian-GermanCooperation in and around the Laptev Sea' in St. Petersburg, Russia ii Preface The nature of the Papers, the discussions and the disciplines of the attendees clearly demonstrate that the study of the geosystem Laptev Sea is a multidisciplinary one in an interesting key area involving all branches of the geosciences, such as oceanography, biology and geology, in particular. It thus remains an important example for GLOBAL CHANGE and CLIMATE IMPACT research within international research efforts, e.g., the International Arctic Science Committee (IASC), Arctic Ocean Sciences Board (AOSB) or the Nansen Arctic Drilling Programme (NAD). The workshop has been sponsored by the German Ministry for Research and Technology (BMFT) and by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg, Russia, where the meeting was held from the 10th to the 12th of May in 1993. We wish to thank these organizations for their financial and logistic support . The scientific basis for this workshop was established during the years 1991 to 1993. Two expeditions, AMEIS to Kotelnyy in 1991 and ESARE to Tiksi (Lena Delta) and the New Siberian Islands in 1992, which were carried out in close cooperation with the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg, constituted an important pilot phase of these studies and allowed to build up excellent scientific contacts with our Russian Partners. We are extremely grateful for the good cooperation with and the hospitality offered by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute in St. Petersburg. H. Kassens, H. Hubberten, S. Priamikov and R. Stein iii List of Authors and Parficipants LIST OF AUTHORS AND PARTICIPANTS Alexadrew, V., Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia Alexeev, G. , Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia Are, F., Petersburg Institute of Railway Transport Engeneers, 9 Moscovskij Av., 190031 St. Petersburg, Russia Baramow, B., Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 23 Krasikova St.,117218 Moscow, Russia Barash, M.S., Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 23 Krasikova St., 117218 Moscow, Russia Bogdanov, N. ,Institute of Lithosphere, Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya7/9,199034 St. Petersburg, Russia Bolshiyanov, D., Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia Danilov, A., Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia Darovskich, A., Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering St., 199226 St. Petersburg, Russia Dethleff, D., GEOMAR Forschungszentrum fümarine Geowissenschaften der Christian-Albrechts-UniversitäKiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148 Kiel, Germany Drachev, S., Laboratory of Regional Geodynamics, All-Russian Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean, 1 Maklina Pr., 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia Drachev, S., Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, 23 Krasikova St.,117218 Moscow, Russia Eicken, H., Alfred-Wegener-Institut füPolar- und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven, Postfach 120161, 2751 5 Bremerhaven, Germany Emelyanov, E., Atlantic Department of the Institute of Oceanology, 5 Dmitri Donskoy Sr., 236000 Kaliningrad, Russia Frolov, l., Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute, 38 Bering
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