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Il White English Bulldog -.: CANIDAPRESA .. Mastini Molossi

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Il White English Bulldog -.: CANIDAPRESA .. Mastini Molossi Il white english (bulldog (WEB) lcuni miei lettori ram- ne estremamente interessante Alcuni allevatori menteranno che in diver- che si affianca a quella operata Asi paragrafi del mio primo dallo Stout kennel relativamen- americani del libro “Working bulldogs” (Ed.V. te al cugino (o gemello) old time sud est degli USA Editore 2001) menzionavo la southern bulldog.* mitica e rarissima razza del Naturalmente anche in questo hanno riscoperto white english bulldog, confluita caso gli innamorati delle razze nel torrente di sangue dell'e- rivendicano il copyright sull'ori- degli antichi mergente american bulldog. ginale bulldog, rappresentato al Ebbene scopro ora con piacere 100% solo dai loro beniamini in ceppi di white che alcuni allevatori americani contrapposizione sia al pit bull del sud-est U.S.A. (Florida in par- (pit bulldog) sia all'american english bulldog e ticolare) hanno riscoperto degli bulldog. si accingomo antichi ceppi di questa razza e si La ricostruzione storica che pub- accingono ad allevarli in purez- blicano nel loro sito si presenta ad allevarli in za. Cioè separatamente dal cal- di notevole interesse pur essen- derone del moderno american do criticabile sotto certi aspetti purezza, cioè bulldog. Si tratta di un'operazio- che spero di porre in evidenza. separatamente dal calderone del moderno american bulldog. Un’indagine sulla storia e le caratteristiche morfologiche di questa affascinante razza da lavoro. *vedi il capitolo relativo su “Bulldog Breeds” - Kaleidos 2007 26 canidapresa Miami Florida,1926: un white english bulldog Miami Florida, 1926: foto di gruppo con un tipico web launt di piccola taglia che costituirà la base gene- tica (con l'apporto di altre razze) del bulldog inglese moderno, del APBT, dello staffy bull, del boxer, ecc. Essi partono dall'idea che tutti i mastini europei Secondo l'opinione di questi allevatori il vero tipo moderni derivino dall'antico alaunt medievale originario di bulldog sarebbe coincidente con que- portato in Europa occidentale (Germania, Italia, sto alaunt intermedio (spanish bulldog, white Spagna, Francia e Inghilterra) presumibilmente english bulldog, brindle bulldog, ca de bou) alle- nel IV sec. dell'era volgare dalle popolazioni bar- vato e progettato come cane da conduzione e bare indoeuropee degli Alani provenienti dal controllo dei bovini (bull-dog) in contrapposizione Caucaso attraverso la penisola illirica. Ne sarebbe- antitetica col bull- baiting dog selezionato invece ro testimonianza i ceppi superstiti dell'antico per il combattimento con il toro (sport). alano spagnolo (spanish bulldog) nella penisola La differenza più consistente tra queste due tipo- iberica, il bullenbeisser (bulldog tedesco) in logie sarebbe la taglia (maggior ossatura e altezza Germania, il ca de bou e il dogo canario rispettiva- nei primi) e soprattutto il carattere. Un cane bova- mente nelle Baleari e nelle Canarie, il dogue de ro infatti deve essere sempre perfettamente con- bordeaux in Francia; il mastiff, il bullmastiff e il trollabile dal conduttore e non può essere così bel- bulldog in Inghilterra e infine il corso e il mastino licoso con il bestiame come presumibilmente era il napoletano in Italia. bull-baiting dog. Questa almeno è l'opinione degli Secondo gli autori l'alaunt medievale e rinasci- autori che potrebbe anche essere ragionevole se mentale, epigono forse del vetusto molosso cen- non fosse in evidente contrasto con la realtà pra- tro-asiatico (n.d.a.), si presentava in tre taglie tica proprio nell'area geografica dell'alano spa- distinte: quella pesante (alaunt of the butcheries) gnolo (Las Encartaciones) che ho visitato nell’esta- destinata ad originare il deutche dogge in te 2001. Ebbene in Cantabria (vedi il mio reporta- Germania, il mastino spagnolo e napoletano ge pubblicato sul mio terzo libro “Bulldog rispettivamente in Spagna e Italia e il dogue de Breeds”) ho assistito personalmente a un improv- bordeaux in Francia. Quella intermedia (il vero visato bull baiting organizzato lì per lì da un alle- bulldog cioè cane bovaro secondo loro) che vatore (Manolito Gomez) avente per protagonisti rimarrà nel fenotipo dell'alano spagnolo, del bul- gli stessi cani (villanos de Las Encartaciones) che lenbeisser e per l'appunto dei ceppi americani di fino a un minuto prima dormivano placidamente white english bulldog e brindle bulldog. Infine l'a- nella stalla tra le gambe di tori e vacche. Aizzati dal proprietario, nonostante i miei accorati appel- li, gli stessi soggetti d'improvviso si scaraventaro- no su naso e orecchie dei poveri atterriti bovini Secondo l'opinione di ben decisi a morderli a bocca piena con una ferrea presa in perfetto stile bulldog. Questo per testi- questi allevatori il vero moniare che gli stessi cani bovari (farmer bulldog) possono all'occorrenza trasformarsi in pochi attimi tipo originario di bulldog in potenziali killer (bull-baiting dog). Invece secondo l'opinione degli autori tutto que- sarebbe coincidente con sto non sarebbe possibile o sensato. Essi ritengono che il bull-baiting dog (o pit bull- questo alaunt intermedio dog) fu sviluppato nel corso dei secoli 16°-17°-18°, ( incrociando il tipo originale di bulldog-bovaro allevato e progettato (alaunt intermedio) in particolare con varie razze di terrier in modo da incrementarne ferocia e come cane da conduzione gameness. Secondo la loro teoria il pit bulldog ori- e controllo dei bovini ginario sarebbe già stato un pit bull terrier o canidapresa 27 In questa pagina e in quella seguente tre soggetti attuali di white english bulldog Ciononostante ammetto che l'ipotesi degli autori di questo sito è logicamente e storicamente soste- nibile, anche attraverso un minuzioso esame ico- nologico, mentre risulta del tutto inconsistente quella cosiddetta “ufficiale” e cioè dell'incrocio bulldog x terrier risalente alla prima metà del XIX meglio un alaunt-terrier, come testimonierebbe secolo. abbondantemente l'iconografia inglese sull'argo- Questo perché vi sono innumerevoli quadri, mento. Questa loro conclusione è abbastanza soprattutto inglesi, datati molto anteriormente sovrapponibile con la terza teoria sull'origine del che testimoniano l'assoluta identità fenotipica tra bulldog da me esposta, in epoca ben precedente i cani da toro impiegati nel bull baiting e i moder- alla loro, nei primi capitoli del libro “Working ni APBT. Bulldogs” ( pag. 12 e seguenti) e successivamente Passiamo ora, dopo questa lunga ma necessaria abbandonata per vari motivi tra i quali ricordo: premessa storica, ad analizzare le principali carat- 1.la mia scoperta a Majorca di ceppi superstiti del- teristiche morfo-attitudinali di questa razza. Anzi l'originale bulldog majorchino sostanzialmente cominciamo dal nome che, tradotto letteralmen- identici (a eccezione del prognatismo) ad attua- te, significa bulldog inglese bianco. li pit bull terrier. Cioè di una razza morfologica- Secondo gli autori è un nome non del tutto stori- mente sovrapponibile al moderno pit bull e camente esatto poiché ritengono che, all'origine nella quale nessun cinotecnico sospetta l'immis- della razza e cioè ai tempi della prima colonizza- sione di sangue terrier, zione del sud est americano, vi sia stato un forte 2.l'esame delle caratteristiche comportamentali influsso di bulldog spagnolo (alano spagnolo). del pit bull (tenacia-persistenza di lotta-tempra- Infatti le zone della Florida, Cuba e dintorni scarsa attitudine all'abbaio) tipiche dell'origina- hanno dovuto attendere quasi 150 anni prima che le bulldog e antitetiche rispetto a quelle di tutti gli Inglesi, provenienti da nord, si sostituissero al i terrier (nervosismo-elevata aggressività sull'uo- dominio spagnolo. mo-morso non persistente-alta reattività e Il nome storicamente esatto dovrebbe essere quin- abbaio frequente), di white spanish-english bulldog derivando questa 3.la mancanza di prove storiche consistenti sull'i- razza dalla fusione tra i cani molossoidi da guerra potetico incrocio che, ricordiamolo, secondo la iberici e i pit bulldog portati seco dai coloni ingle- cinofilia ufficiale avvenne solo dopo il 1835 (XIX si. Esiste anche nella stessa zona ed è ancora più secolo) e non, come sostenuto dagli autori del rara della nostra, una varietà o razza a se stante sito, presumibilmente, già nel XVI-XVII secolo, denominata brindle bulldog. Quest'ultima do- 4.la mancanza di motivazioni pratiche che rendes- vrebbe contenere una maggiore percentuale di sero non dico utile, ma almeno plausibile questo bulldog spagnolo e sarebbe più adatta al lavoro out-crossing visto che il bulldog originario (o sull'uomo. almeno il bull-baiting dog) aveva già tutte le Alcuni studiosi considerano le due come varietà di caratteristiche per essere un perfetto cane da colore nell'ambito della stessa stirpe; altri pensano combattimento sia sul toro che verso gli altri che white bulldog e brindle bulldog siano due cani (agilità-potenza-resistenza-gameness al razze completamente distinte seppure affini. massimo grado, ecc.) Forse, aggiungo io, i bulldog tigrati sono gli epi- La somma di queste e altre argomentazioni (vedi goni dei vetusti alani spagnoli mentre quelli bian- vari miei articoli pubblicati sulla rivista “Canida chi sono puri antichi bulldog inglesi senza conta- presa”) di autori vari (Stratton- Jessup-Putnam, minazione iberica. Chissà quale è la verità, consi- ecc.) avvalorano la mia convinzione che il pit bull derato anche che esisteva all'epoca una variante attuale sia il diretto discendente del bull-baiting locale bianca di bulldog spagnolo: quel perro de dog antico e che in esso non vi sia
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