Adapting Dynamically to Change in Diplomacy: a Comparative Look at Special Envoys in the International Arena
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Butcher, W. Scott
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project WILLIAM SCOTT BUTCHER Interviewed by: David Reuther Initial interview date: December 23, 2010 Copyright 2015 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Dayton, Ohio, December 12, 1942 Stamp collecting and reading Inspiring high school teacher Cincinnati World Affairs Council BA in Government-Foreign Affairs Oxford, Ohio, Miami University 1960–1964 Participated in student government Modest awareness of Vietnam Beginning of civil rights awareness MA in International Affairs John Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies 1964–1966 Entered the Foreign Service May 1965 Took the written exam Cincinnati, September 1963 Took the oral examination Columbus, November 1963 Took leave of absence to finish Johns Hopkins program Entered 73rd A-100 Class June 1966 Rangoon, Burma, Country—Rotational Officer 1967-1969 Burmese language training Traveling to Burma, being introduced to Asian sights and sounds Duties as General Services Officer Duties as Consular Officer Burmese anti-Indian immigration policies Anti-Chinese riots Ambassador Henry Byroade Comment on condition of embassy building Staff recreation Benefits of a small embassy 1 Major Japanese presence Comparing ambassadors Byroade and Hummel Dhaka, Pakistan—Political Officer 1969-1971 Traveling to Consulate General Dhaka Political duties and mission staff Comment on condition of embassy building USG focus was humanitarian and economic development Official and unofficial travels and colleagues November -
The Role of U.S. Women Diplomats Between 1945 and 2004 Rachel Jane Beckett
Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2009 The Role of U.S. Women Diplomats Between 1945 and 2004 Rachel Jane Beckett Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES THE ROLE OF U.S. WOMEN DIPLOMATS BETWEEN 1945 AND 2004 BY RACHEL JANE BECKETT A Thesis submitted to the Department of History in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Degree Awarded: Spring Semester, 2009 The members of the Committee approve the Thesis of Rachel Beckett defended on December 10, 2008. ____________________________________ Suzanne Sinke Professor Directing Thesis ____________________________________ Charles Upchurch Committee Member ___________________________________ Michael Creswell Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above named committee members. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Tables iv Abstract v INTRODUCTION 1 1. ACCOMPLISHED BUT STILL LAGGING BEHIND 13 2. “PERCEPTION” AS THE STANDARD 29 3. STRATEGICAL GATEKEEPERS 48 CONCLUSION 68 REFERENCES 74 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH 83 iii LIST OF TABLES Table 1.1 Degree Type 17 Table 1.2 Degree Concentration 17 Table 1.3 Number of Foreign Languages Spoken 18 Table 1.4 Type of Languages Spoken 19 Table 1.5 Female Chiefs of Mission by Region, 1933-2004 27 Table 2.1 Where Female Ambassadors are Most Frequently Assigned 34 Table 2.2 Percent of Women in National Legislatures, by region, 1975-97 35 Table 2.3 Appointment of Women as Chiefs of Mission and to other Senior Posts by Administration, 1933-2004 44 iv ABSTRACT Though historical scholarship on gender and international relations has grown over the last few decades, there has been little work done on women in the Foreign Service. -
KAS International Reports 10/2015
38 KAS INTERNATIONAL REPORTS 10|2015 MICROSTATE AND SUPERPOWER THE VATICAN IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICS Christian E. Rieck / Dorothee Niebuhr At the end of September, Pope Francis met with a triumphal reception in the United States. But while he performed the first canonisation on U.S. soil in Washington and celebrated mass in front of two million faithful in Philadelphia, the attention focused less on the religious aspects of the trip than on the Pope’s vis- its to the sacred halls of political power. On these occasions, the Pope acted less in the role of head of the Church, and therefore Christian E. Rieck a spiritual one, and more in the role of diplomatic actor. In New is Desk officer for York, he spoke at the United Nations Sustainable Development Development Policy th and Human Rights Summit and at the 70 General Assembly. In Washington, he was in the Department the first pope ever to give a speech at the United States Congress, of Political Dialogue which received widespread attention. This was remarkable in that and Analysis at the Konrad-Adenauer- Pope Francis himself is not without his detractors in Congress and Stiftung in Berlin he had, probably intentionally, come to the USA directly from a and member of visit to Cuba, a country that the United States has a difficult rela- its Working Group of Young Foreign tionship with. Policy Experts. Since the election of Pope Francis in 2013, the Holy See has come to play an extremely prominent role in the arena of world poli- tics. The reasons for this enhanced media visibility firstly have to do with the person, the agenda and the biography of this first non-European Pope. -
Preventive Diplomacy by Intergovernmental Organizations: Learning from Practice
International Negotiation 17 (2012) 349–388 brill.com/iner Preventive Diplomacy by Intergovernmental Organizations: Learning from Practice Eileen F. Babbitt*, 1 !e Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, Tufts University, 160 Packard Avenue, Medford, MA 02155, USA (E-mail: [email protected]) Received 29 July 2012; accepted 12 August 2012 Abstract Conflict prevention is enjoying a renaissance in international policy circles. However, the official machin- ery of the international community presently offers few institutions with a specific mandate to address the causes of political violence at an early stage. One such multilateral mechanism dedicated solely to the prevention of conflict is the High Commissioner on National Minorities (HCNM) of the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). Over two decades, the office has developed a signifi- cant track record of effectiveness against which to examine the preventive efforts of other intergovern- mental organizations. In this article, we examine the prevention efforts of the HCNM in Georgia, Macedonia, and Ukraine and compare these with the preventive diplomacy of three other intergovern- mental organizations (IGOs): the Organization of American States (OAS) in Guyana, the Common- wealth in Fiji, and the UN in Afghanistan, Burundi, and Macedonia. Our findings offer some useful and surprising insights into effective prevention practice, with implications for how IGOs might improve preventive diplomacy in the future. *) Eileen F. Babbitt is Professor of Practice in international conflict management, Director of the Inter- national Negotiation and Conflict Resolution Program, and co-director of the Program on Human Rights and Conflict Resolution at the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University. -
Stockholm Diplomatic List
Stockholm Diplomatic List 2 September 2021 The Heads of Mission are requested to kindly communicate to the Chief of Protocol all changes related to personnel as they occur (arrivals, departures, promotions, new addresses etc.), so that they may be included in the next updated edition of the Diplomatic List. Ministry for Foreign Affairs Protocol Department Abbreviations: (S) = Swedish citizen (SB) = Permanent resident in Sweden (”stadigvarande bosatt”) Afghanistan August 19 - Independence Day Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan Chancery: Tel: +46-(0)73-965 95 70 Skepparbacken 2B, Saltsjö-Duvnäs Fax: +46-(0)8-35 84 20 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Finlandsgatan 64-68 16474 Kista Consular Section Tel: +46-(0)72-016 22 65 Källängstorget 10 Fax: +46-(0)8-35 84 18 181 44 Lidingö Email: [email protected] Office hours: Mon-Fri 09.30-16.00 His Excellency Mr Ghulam Abbas NOYAN, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (28.11.2019) Mrs Sidiqa NOYAN Mr Ahmad Zaher MAQSOODI, Counsellor (Deputy Head of Mission) Mrs Bnafsha MAQSOODI Ms Farima NAWABI, First Secretary Mr Ajmal AHMADZAI, Second Secretary Mrs Marwa AFZALZADA Albania November 28 - Independence and Flag Day Embassy of the Republic of Albania Chancery: Tel: +46-(0)8-731 09 20 Capellavägen 7 Fax: +46-(0)8-767 65 57 Email: [email protected] Postal Address: Capellavägen 7 181 32 Lidingö His Excellency Mr Virgjil KULE, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary (24.10.2018) Mr Albert JERASI, Minister-Counsellor Mrs Albana JERASI Ms Marsida KURTI, Second Secretary Colonel Arben DEMOLLARI, Defence Attaché Algeria November 1 - National Day Embassy of the People´s Democratic Republic of Algeria Chancery: Tel: +46-(0)8-679 91 30 Danderydsgatan 3-5 Tel: +46-(0)8-679 91 40 Fax: +46-(0)8-611 49 57 Postal Address: Email: [email protected] P.O. -
Of Diplomatic Immunity in the United States: a Claims Fund Proposal
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Fordham University School of Law Fordham International Law Journal Volume 4, Issue 1 1980 Article 6 Compensation for “Victims” of Diplomatic Immunity in the United States: A Claims Fund Proposal R. Scott Garley∗ ∗ Copyright c 1980 by the authors. Fordham International Law Journal is produced by The Berke- ley Electronic Press (bepress). http://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/ilj Compensation for “Victims” of Diplomatic Immunity in the United States: A Claims Fund Proposal R. Scott Garley Abstract This Note will briefly trace the development of diplomatic immunity law in the United States, including the changes adopted by the Vienna Convention, leading to the passage of the DRA in 1978. The discussion will then focus upon the DRA and point out a few of the areas in which the statute may fail to provide adequate protection for the rights of private citizens in the United States. As a means of curing the inadequacies of the present DRA, the feasibility of a claims fund designed to compensate the victims of the tortious and criminal acts of foreign diplomats in the United States will be examined. COMPENSATION FOR "VICTIMS" OF DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY IN THE UNITED STATES: A CLAIMS FUND PROPOSAL INTRODUCTION In 1978, Congress passed the Diplomatic Relations Act (DRA)1 which codified the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Rela- tions. 2 The DRA repealed 22 U.S.C. §§ 252-254, the prior United States statute on the subject,3 and established the Vienna Conven- tion as the sole standard to be applied in cases involving the immu- nity of diplomatic personnel4 in the United States. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. M. Wight, Power Politics (Leicester: Leicester University Press, 1978), p. 113. 2. R. Cohen, "Putting Diplomatic Studies on the Map," Diplomatic Studies Programme Newsletter, Leicester University, 4 May 1998. 3. ]. DerDerian, "Mediating Estrangement: A Theory for Diplomacy," Review of International Studies, 13 (1987) 91. 4. S. Sofer, "Old and New Diplomacy: A Debate Revisited/' Review ofInternational Studies, 14 (1988) 196. 5. Ibid. 6. A. Eban, The New Diplomacy (London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983), pp. 384-5. 7. B.H. Steiner, "Another Missing Middle: Diplomacy and International Theory," paper delivered to the 41st Annual Convention of the International Studies Association, Los Angeles, 15-18 March 2000, p. 1. 8. Sofer, "Old and New Diplomacy," p. 196. 9. Cf. S. Goddard, "Talk Is Not Cheap: The Rhetoric of Strategic Interaction," paper presented at the annual meeting of the American Political Science Association, Chicago, 2-5 September 2004. 10. L.B. Poullada, "Diplomacy: The Missing Link in the Study of International Politics," in D.S. McLellan, W.C. Olson and F.A. Sondermann (eds), The Theory and Practice of International Relations, 4th edn (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, 197 4); cf. Steiner, "Another Missing Middle." 11. Eban, The New Diplomacy, p. 366. 12. ].W. Burton, Systems, States, Diplomacy and Rules (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1968), p. 206. 13. E. Satow, Satow's Guide to Diplomatic Practice, 5th edn, ed. Lord Gore-Booth (London and New York: Longman, 1979), p. 3. 14. Quoted in Eban, The New Diplomacy, p. 331. 15. C.W. Hayward, What Is Diplomacy? (London: Grant Richards, 1916), p. -
Instrumentarium Przyszłego Dyplomaty
Małgorzata Łakota-Micker Instrumentarium przyszłego dyplomaty Legens. Publishing Workshop Instrumentarium przyszłego dyplomaty Małgorzata Łakota-Micker Instrumentarium przyszłego dyplomaty Legens. Publishing Workshop Małgorzata Łakota-Micker Instrumentarium przyszłego dyplomaty Recenzja naukowa Prof. dr hab. Marian Wilk, Wyższa Szkoła Studiów Międzynarodowych w Łodzi Dr Krzysztof Strzałka, Uniwersytet Jagielloński Redakcja: Izabela Baran Projekt typograficzny i skład: Józefa Kurpisz, Pilcrow Studio Projekt okładki: Bartłomiej Bączkowski, Pilcrow Studio Użyte kroje pisma: Tisa Pro oraz Tisa Sans autorstwa Mitji Miklavčiča Źródło rycin: O ile nie zostało zaznaczone inaczej – archiwum własne, dokumenty pochodzą z kwerend w MSZ, Protokołu dyplomatycznego MSZ, Ambasady RP w Belgradzie, Podgoricy, Rzymie. Copyright © Małgorzata Łakota-Micker, London 2016 Wydawca Legens. Publishing Workshop Ltd. 78 High Street Colliers Wood London SW19 2BY, UK Printed in Poland ISBN 978-0-9576904-6-2 SPIS TREŚCI Wprowadzenie 9 Część I. O dyplomacji słów kilka… 13 1. Pojęcie dyplomacji 15 2. Zarys historii dyplomacji 19 2.1. Starożytność 19 2.2. Średniowiecze 27 2.3. Nowożytność 30 2.4. Dyplomacja po kongresie wiedeńskim 39 3. Działalność państwa w środowisku międzynarodowym 44 3.1. Organy wewnętrzne państwa 46 3.1.1. Głowa państwa 47 3.1.2. Parlament 50 3.1.3. Rada Ministrów i Prezes Rady Ministrów 51 3.1.4. Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych i inne resorty 53 3.1.5. Jednostki samorządu terytorialnego 66 3.2. Organy zewnętrzne państwa 66 3.2.1. Ambasada (przedstawicielstwo dyplomatyczne, placówka dyplomatyczna, misja dyplomatyczna) 69 3.2.2. Urzędy konsularne (konsulaty) 74 3.2.3. Stałe misje przy organizacjach międzynarodowych (przedstawicielstwa) 80 3.2.4. Instytuty Polskie 82 3.2.5. -
Mediation Start-Up GUIDELINES 2011
UNITED NATIONS DEPARTMENT OF POLITICAL AFFAIRS Mediation Start-up GUIDELINES 2011 POLICY AND MEDIATION DIVISION DPA MEDIATION SUPPORT UNIT While much guidance has been written on the art of mediation itself, very little attention has been paid to operational aspects. These Guidelines seek to fill this gap by providing guidance to managers, desk officers and field staff of the UN Department of Politi- cal Affairs (DPA) on the start-up and establishment of mediation initiatives led, co-led or supported by the United Nations. Their purpose is to consolidate DPA’s institutional knowledge on strategy develop- ment, planning, support and coordination aspects of mediation initiatives. www.un.org/depts/dpa www.un.org/peacemaker United Nations New York, 2011 iii UN/DPA Mediation Start-up Guidelines Contents click on any title to jump to its location A. RATIONALE AND PURPOSE . 1 B. SCOPE . 3 C. GUIDELINES . 5 1. Introduction: overview of the start-up phase and specific objectives . 5 2. Sequencing priorities in the short and medium term . 8 PART I. STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR MEDIATION ENGAGEMENTS . 11 3. Assessment and decision-making . 11 3.1. Understanding a conflict and opportunities for resolution: Click on any title to title any on Click conflict analysis . 11 jump to its location 3.2. Mediation vs. other forms of third-party intervention . 12 3.3. The importance of strategic coordination with other actors . 14 3.4. Leadership of the mediation effort . 16 3.5. Deciding on a mode of engagement . 18 3 .5 .1 . Indirect roles . 19 3 .5 .1 .1 . Diplomatic support for a process led by another organization . -
The London Diplomatic List
UNCLASSIFIED THE LONDON DIPLOMATIC LIST Alphabetical list of the representatives of Foreign States & Commonwealth Countries in London with the names & designations of the persons returned as composing their Diplomatic Staff. Representatives of Foreign States & Commonwealth Countries & their Diplomatic Staff enjoy privileges & immunities under the Diplomatic Privileges Act, 1964. Except where shown, private addresses are not available. m Married * Married but not accompanied by wife or husband AFGHANISTAN Embassy of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan 31 Princes Gate SW7 1QQ 020 7589 8891 Fax 020 7584 4801 [email protected] www.afghanistanembassy.org.uk Monday-Friday 09.00-16.00 Consular Section 020 7589 8892 Fax 020 7581 3452 [email protected] Monday-Friday 09.00-13.30 HIS EXCELLENCY DR MOHAMMAD DAUD YAAR m Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary (since 07 August 2012) Mrs Sadia Yaar Mr Ahmad Zia Siamak m Counsellor Mr M Hanif Ahmadzai m Counsellor Mr Najibullah Mohajer m 1st Secretary Mr M. Daud Wedah m 1st Secretary Mrs Nazifa Haqpal m 2nd Secretary Miss Freshta Omer 2nd Secretary Mr Hanif Aman 3rd Secretary Mrs Wahida Raoufi m 3rd Secretary Mr Yasir Qanooni 3rd Secretary Mr Ahmad Jawaid m Commercial Attaché Mr Nezamuddin Marzee m Acting Military Attaché ALBANIA Embassy of the Republic of Albania 33 St George’s Drive SW1V 4DG 020 7828 8897 Fax 020 7828 8869 [email protected] www.albanianembassy.co.uk HIS EXELLENCY MR MAL BERISHA m Ambassador Extraordinary & Plenipotentiary (since 18 March 2013) Mrs Donika Berisha UNCLASSIFIED S:\Protocol\DMIOU\UNIVERSAL\Administration\Lists of Diplomatic Representation\LDL\RESTORED LDL Master List - Please update this one!.doc UNCLASSIFIED Dr Teuta Starova m Minister-Counsellor Ms Entela Gjika Counsellor Mrs Gentjana Nino m 1st Secretary Dr Xhoana Papakostandini m 3rd Secretary Col. -
Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881
China and the Modern World: Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881 The East India Company’s steamship Nemesis and other British ships engaging Chinese junks in the Second Battle of Chuenpi, 7 January 1841, during the first opium war. (British Library) ABOUT THE ARCHIVE China and the Modern World: Imperial China and the West Part I, 1815–1881 is digitised from the FO 17 series of British Foreign Office Files—Foreign Office: Political and Other Departments: General Correspondence before 1906, China— held at the National Archives, UK, providing a vast and significant primary source for researching every aspect of Chinese-British relations during the nineteenth century, ranging from diplomacy to trade, economics, politics, warfare, emigration, translation and law. This first part includes all content from FO 17 volumes 1–872. Source Library Number of Images The National Archives, UK Approximately 532,000 CONTENT From Lord Amherst’s mission at the start of the nineteenth century, through the trading monopoly of the Canton System, and the Opium Wars of 1839–1842 and 1856–1860, Britain and other foreign powers gradually gained commercial, legal, and territorial rights in China. Imperial China and the West provides correspondence from the Factories of Canton (modern Guangzhou) and from the missionaries and diplomats who entered China in the early nineteenth century, as well as from the envoys and missions sent to China from Britain and the later legation and consulates. The documents comprising this collection include communications to and from the British legation, first at Hong Kong and later at Peking, and British consuls at Shanghai, Amoy (Xiamen), Swatow (Shantou), Hankow (Hankou), Newchwang (Yingkou), Chefoo (Yantai), Formosa (Taiwan), and more. -
Southern Africa File
SouthernSouthern AfricaAfrica FileFile March-May 2013 Issue 2 Contents NZ Foreign Minister visits southern Africa 2 Credentials presentations 3 NZ Foreign Minister Meets Namibian Rugby 4 Cape Argus Media Article 4-5 Development Scholarships for Africa 5 New Zealand Aid and ChildFund in Zambia 6 Mozambique flood relief contribution 6 SA/NZ Senior Officials’ Talks 7 Advice for travellers to Africa 7 New Zealand Natural arrives in SA 8 Business Profile: Zambia 9 Africa by the Numbers 10 New Zealand Chief Justice in Cape Town 11 Anzac Day in Africa 12 Staff moves 12 Above: a woman carrying child and cassava in Maputo. Photo: Richard Mann Above: Three Chiefs Monument, Gaborone, Botswana Photo: Richard Mann New Zealand High Commission Pretoria | Te Aka Aorere T +27 12 435 9000 F +27 12 435 9002 E [email protected] Above: Elephants in Amboseli National Park, Rift Valley, Kenya. Photo: Russell Chilton 125 Middel Street , Nieuw Muckleneuk, Pretoria 0181 www.nzembassy.com/south-africa www.facebook.com/nzhcsouthafrica New Zealand Foreign Minister visits southern Africa It was “shuttle diplomacy” New Zealand style, for a busy Foreign Minister. In April, New Zealand Foreign Minister Murray McCully visited six countries in six days in southern Africa, as part of New Zealand’s expanding engagement with Africa. Basing himself at a hotel at OR Tambo airport in Johannesburg, Mr McCully travelled to Botswana, Lesotho, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia and Pretoria. OR Tambo served as an excellent hub. Plan B Mr McCully with South African Foreign Minister Hon was only necessary when the weather closed in on the Maite Nkoana-Mashabane delegation in Lesotho, resulting in a quick drive courtesy of the Lesotho Foreign Ministry to neighbouring Bloemfontein to fly back for an evening meeting with the South African Foreign Minister in Pretoria.