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ICAO Safety Report |2020 SAFETY Safety Report 2020 Edition Foreword A Coordinated, Risk-based Approach to Improving Global Aviation Safety The air transport industry plays a major role in global economic activity and development. One of the key elements to maintaining the vitality of civil aviation is to ensure safe, secure, efficient and environmentally sustainable operations at the global, regional and national levels. A specialized agency of the United Nations, the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) was established in 1944 to promote the safe and orderly development of international civil aviation throughout the world. ICAO promulgates Standards and Recommended Practices (SARPs) to facilitate harmonized regulations in aviation safety, security, efficiency and environmental protection on a global basis. Today, ICAO manages over 12 000 SARPs across the 19 Annexes and five Procedures for Air Navigation Services (PANS) to the Convention on International Civil Aviation (Chicago Convention), many of which are constantly evolving in tandem with latest developments and innovations. ICAO serves as the primary forum for co-operation in all fields of civil aviation among its 193 Member States. Improving the safety of the global air transport system is ICAO’s guiding and most fundamental strategic objective. The Organization works constantly to address and enhance global aviation safety through the following coordinated activities: • Policy and Standardization; • Monitoring of key safety trends and indicators; • Safety Analysis; and • Implementing programmes to address safety issues. The ICAO Global Aviation Safety Plan (GASP) presents the strategy in support of the prioritization and continuous improvement of aviation safety. The GASP sets the goals and targets and outlines key safety enhancement initiatives (SEIs) aimed at improving safety at the international, regional and national levels. This edition of the Safety Report is structured in alignment with the 2020–2022 edition of GASP and the new edition of the Global Air Navigation Plan (GANP), which provides global strategic guidelines to drive the evolution of the air navigation system. This report provides a summary of initiatives to improve aviation safety and provides updates on some safety performance indicators (SPIs), including accidents that occurred in 2019, and related risk factors. Results of analysis from the 2015–2019 reports are used as benchmarks for comparison, although it must be noted that numbers presented in this report may not exactly match earlier editions due to data updates during the intervening period. ICAO Safety Report | 2020 Edition 2 © 2020, International Civil Aviation Organization Published in Montréal, Canada International Civil Aviation Organization 999 Robert-Bourassa Boulevard Montréal, Quebec, Canada H3C 5H7 www.icao.int DISCLAIMER This report makes use of information, including air transport and safety-related data and statistics, which is furnished to the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) by third parties. All third party content was obtained from sources believed to be reliable and was accurately reproduced in the report at the time of printing. However, ICAO specifically does not make any warranties or representations as to the accuracy, completeness, or timeliness of such information and accepts no liability or responsibility arising from reliance upon or use of the same. The views expressed in this report do not necessarily reflect individual or collective opinions or official positions of ICAO Member States. Note: The ICAO regional aviation safety group (RASG) regions are used in the report and are listed in Appendix 1. This document focuses primarily on scheduled commercial flights. The scheduled commercial flights data was based on the Official Airline Guide (OAG) combined with internal ICAO preliminary estimates. ICAO Safety Report | 2020 Edition 3 Contents Contents Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................2 Executive Summary ..........................................................................................................................5 2020–2022 edition of the ICAO Global Aviation Safety Plan (GASP) ......................................................9 Effective Implementation of State Safety Oversight System ...............................................................12 Implementation Support for Safety Management ...............................................................................16 ICAO Technical Assistance Activities .................................................................................................22 Safety Recommendations addressed to ICAO ...................................................................................23 Accident Statistics and Analysis – Scheduled Commercial Air Transport .............................................24 Overall Safety Performance Indicator – Global Accident Rate ..........................................................24 Accident and Fatality Trend ...........................................................................................................25 Accidents Overview by Occurrence Category .................................................................................26 High-risk Categories of Occurrence ...............................................................................................27 Regional Accident Statistics ..........................................................................................................29 Accidents by RASG Region ............................................................................................................30 GSIE Harmonized Accident Rate ....................................................................................................31 Safety Enhancement Initiatives .........................................................................................................35 Regional cooperation and GASOS ..................................................................................................35 The future of aviation Communications, Navigation, Surveillance and Frequency Spectrum ...............37 Cabin Safety ................................................................................................................................39 Runway Safety – 2019 Success Story ...........................................................................................41 A competency-based approach to dangerous goods training and assessment ..................................43 ANC Talks ....................................................................................................................................44 COVID-19 pandemic – The ICAO Council Aviation Recovery Task Force .............................................45 COVID-19 pandemic – CAPSCA and the Public Health Corridor ........................................................49 COVID-19 pandemic – Update on operational safety activities .........................................................51 COVID-19 pandemic – Safety Risk Management ..............................................................................53 COVID-19 pandemic – Strategies for UAS.......................................................................................54 COVID-19 pandemic – Aerodrome Operations and Infrastructure .....................................................56 Appendix 1 .....................................................................................................................................57 Regional Aviation Safety Group (RASG) Regions .............................................................................57 Appendix 2 .....................................................................................................................................59 List of Scheduled Commercial Accidents in 2019 ...........................................................................59 CICTT Occurrence Categories .......................................................................................................63 ICAO Safety Report | 2020 Edition 4 Executive Summary Executive Summary Yearly accident statistics indicate an increase in both the total number of accidents as well as the global accident rate in 2019. From 2018 to 2019, there was a 16 per cent increase in the total number of accidents, as reported by States. The global accident rate of 2.9 accidents per million departures also increased by 12 per cent from the 2018 rate of 2.6 accidents per million departures. The accidents used for these statistics were reviewed and validated by the ICAO Safety Indicators Study Group (SISG), and involved scheduled commercial operations of aircraft with a certified maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of over 5 700 kg as defined in ICAO Annex 13 — Aircraft Accident and Incident Investigation. 114 98 92 88 75 2.8 2.9 2.1 2.4 2.6 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Number of Accidents Accident rate Chart 1. | Accident records: 2015–2019 scheduled commercial operations 514 474 239 182 6 7 50 5 11 6 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 Fatalities Fatal accidents Chart 2. | Fatal accident records: 2015–2019 scheduled commercial operations ICAO Safety Report | 2020 Edition 5 Executive Summary In 2019, scheduled commercial air transport accidents resulted in 239 fatalities representing a significant decrease from 514 in 2018. The number of fatal accidents also decreased from 11 in 2018 to six in 2019. Figure 1 shows the number
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