Military Italian F-35A Lightning Ii
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MILITARY ITALIAN F-35A LIGHTNING II ndoubtedly the most complex, partner, with the Netherlands. Subsequently, Eighteen months on, thanks to the advanced and often controversial Italy was the fi rst nation to build and activate cooperation of the Italian MoD and the programme ever been launched in a Final Assembly and Checkout facility, Aeronautica Militare (Italian Air Force) and a the history of aviation: an accurate where the F-35 Lightning II is assembled. discussion with Colonel Davide Marzinotto, description of the F-35 Joint Strike Italy subsequently fl ew the fi rst F-35 aircraft 32° Stormo’s commander, AIR International UFighter programme, especially in Italy. produced outside the United States. Italy was was granted clearance to gain fi rst-hand December will mark the 20th anniversary also the fi rst nation in the world (excluding experience of the progress made by the Italian of the nation’s participation in the the United States) to introduce the new F-35 fl eet. programme following the signing of a fi ghter into service. The fi rst examples arrived Colonel Marzinotto is a former AMX and memorandum of agreement for the Concept at Amendola Air Base on December 12, 2016, F-2000 pilot. He commanded 20° Gruppo, Demonstration Phase. Four years later, destined for 13° Gruppo (13th Squadron), the Italian F-2000 operational conversion Italy joined the System Development and one of the component squadrons with the unit, assignment to the F-35 Joint Program Demonstration (SDD) phase as a second tier resident 32° Stormo (32nd Wing). O ce in Crystal City, Virginia, prior to Quinta generazione Italiana Troupe Azzurra Troupe 42 | www.airinternational.com ITALIAN F-35A LIGHTNING II MILITARY undergoing F-35 pilot conversion and be undertaken concurrently with the initial confi guration ahead of Block 3F, the fi rst subsequent appointment as the commander production phase su cient to equip US full-up operational standard. As an interim of 32° Stormo. Marzinotto is well-placed to and allied air arms with aircraft to begin to confi guration, Block 3i o ers substantial give an overview of the service introduction of verify the aircraft’s capabilities. Additionally, operational capability and can be easily the F-35; a revolutionary weapon system. pilots, maintainers and associated personnel upgraded to Block 3F standard. F-35s procured by Italy to date are from could be trained, which in turned allowed As a Level 2 partner nation, Italy contributes low-rate initial production lots, which denotes the amount of operating data and feedback around 4% of the programme’s overall costs them as pre-series production aircraft, a result gathered to be increased, thereby accelerating and automatically follows the upgrade of the programme’s concurrent development the aircraft’s SDD phase and progressive programme in sync with the US services and model, which was used to minimise improvement of the fi nal product. the UK, which is the only Level 1 partner. completion of this large, complex and The Italian MoD decided to acquire its own Therefore, Italian aircraft are in the same sophisticated weapon system programme. aircraft from Lot 6, thereby receiving aircraft confi guration as those operated by the United The term signifi es that the SDD phase would confi gured to Block 3i standard, an interim States. Upgrade of the Italian aircraft to Block Quinta generazione Italiana Riccardo Niccoli visited Italy’s F-35 wing at Amendola in the southern province of Puglia www.airinternational.com | 43 MILITARY ITALIAN F-35A LIGHTNING II BELOW: Two F-35As assigned to 13° Gruppo undergo fi nal checks before taxiing for a mission at Amendola Air Base. BOTTOM LEFT: Pilot and crew chief during a simulated scramble. Italian F-35A Lightning IIs were fi rst assigned to QRA duty on March 1, 2018. All images Riccardo Niccoli 3F confi guration is scheduled to start in 2018 Militare is planning to return two aircraft from which can pull 9g, and which, when comparing and will be undertaken at Amendola, as the Luke to Amendola to increase the critical performance in combat confi guration, i.e. work required almost exclusively involves mass of aircraft assigned to 32° Stormo and with fuel and weapons on board, is superior squirting the new software. accelerate the processes required to reach the to other aircraft that, to bring themselves As AIR International closed for press, the unit’s initial operational capability. to our level, have to carry two or three fuel Aeronautica Militare’s F-35A fl eet comprised AIR International asked Colonel Marzinotto tanks, armament and pods, all externally, with nine aircraft, fi ve assigned to 13° Gruppo at for a pilot’s perspective on what the F-35 is like consequent penalties in terms of performance Amendola and four assigned to the 62nd to fl y and operate. He said: “It is an incredible and increased fuel consumption.” Fighter Squadron, part of the 56th Fighter aircraft that o ers new and innovative prospects It’s important at this point in the story to Wing based at Luke Air Force Base, Arizona, and is exciting for the pilot, and my use of remind ourselves that the F-35, generally seen the fl ying element of the Integrated Training these superlative adjectives is truly appropriate. fl ying in clean confi guration is already, without Center. Aircraft based in the United States The power of its processors and its data external stores, a combat-ready aircraft, with are formally assigned to 32° Stormo, but are management capacity are impressive; we are internal weapon bays, a large fuel payload and controlled by the Rappresentanza Militare in a new dimension. It is surprising how from internally mounted sensors that don’t require Italian (RMI, Italian Military Representation) the beginning, with an aircraft that is still very any confi guration change on the ground. at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida. All personnel new, we have already started operations from Colonel Marzinotto described the F-35 as undergoing training in America are also a higher level with respect to other platforms an omni-role aircraft. He said: “This signifi es assigned to RMI. that are by now mature. The gap between the that at any time in a fl ight it allows the pilot Colonel Marzinotto confi rmed aircraft F-35 and earlier generation aircraft is very wide. to undertake any kind of role, be it air-to- deliveries are in line with the programme and In respect of its pure performance – often air, air-to-ground, intelligence surveillance a further F-35A will be delivered to 32° Stormo parameters that fascinate less technically aware reconnaissance, suppression or destruction this year. However, it seems the Aeronautica people – it’s a high performance aircraft that of enemy air defences. Moreover, the aircraft is able to perform a variety of roles simultaneously. The challenge, therefore, is all on the pilot, who must know how to assimilate and manage all the information that the aircraft o ers him, but the aircraft comes to his aid, as the system architecture is designed to support him in this sense. “The immense capacity to acquire data and its consequent fusion is processed by the data fusion engines [computers], which work autonomously, selecting the information that is of most importance to the pilot at that moment in the mission, contributing to the overall situation awareness without overloading the pilot with data, but presents them to him in a way that he can exploit. The big leap forward is information management. For example, the pilot of an earlier generation aircraft has the same data available, thanks only to multiple screens, and a notional need for six or seven pilots on board to follow and manage them. With the F-35, it is the fusion engines that exploit the system and [the aircraft] requires just one pilot and a large touchscreen display to manage.” 44 | www.airinternational.com ITALIAN F-35A LIGHTNING II MILITARY Data Link [MADL] system, which enables it to or failures (prognostic), constructing a dialogue in a fast and secure way with other detailed database of any technical problems F-35s, thanks to an advanced directional and their resolution, and planning the wide-band system, which the US Air Force spares stock held by the depots. The ALIS intends to extend to all its stealth aircraft, integrates every single connected terminal including the B-2 bomber. In a real critical and laptop, and functions in two ways: it not situation, in non-permissive environments only receives data, but also is automatically and in those where the real or potential programmed to update all of the aircraft’s enemy threat is highly capable, the F-35 can manuals, which are now completely in thus avoid using the Link 16 system, and by digital format. To give a practical example: using the MADL can e ectively continue its in the case of a maintenance intervention, mission as planned, while at the same time the technical personnel are guided step by maintaining its stealth capability. step by the ALIS to the resolution via screen As Col Marzinotto a rmed: “The F-35 displays, which also o er visual guidance on delivers technological excellence, but also the required maintenance operations and has a big strategic impact as a major player in the sequence of their execution, just like an information superiority”. real life tutorial. ALIS updates itself in real time, freeing up ALIS personnel from the task of doing it themselves One aspect that has attracted criticism and so avoiding delays or shortcomings in the and created arguments in the programme updating of manuals. Lockheed Martin likens is technical and logistical support to the the ALIS to a smartphone, in which some 46 fl eet provided by the Autonomic Logistic applications have been installed and are always Information System (ALIS).