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American Dream in Arthur Miller's 'The Crucible'
© 2018 JETIR August 2018, Volume 5, Issue 8 www.jetir.org (ISSN-2349-5162) AMERICAN DREAM IN ARTHUR MILLER’S ‘THE CRUCIBLE’ MS. R. POORNIMA M.A.(English Literature) , B.Ed. PRIST DEEMED UNIVERSITY, THANJAVUR,INDIA. Guide: Mr.Thirupathi M.A.,M.Phil. (Professor ,Department of English) Abstract: American Dream is an American social ideal that stresses egalitarianism and especially material prosperity, but it can also mean the prosperity or life that is the realization of this ideal ("American Dream"). It is believed that the concept of the American Dream was created when the first settlers came to America. Arthur miller’s plays usually deals with American dream, one of such play is “The Crucible”. The play tells us that freedom of expression and conscience, and right to life should be treated as the birthright of every individual and ethnic group. When the social, economic, and political welfare of both individual and society is in peril, one should be prepared to defend the same with all one’s might. Key words: American dream, The Crucible Introduction: The meaning of the "American Dream" has changed over the course of history, and includes both personal components (such as home ownership and upward mobility) and a global vision. Historically the Dream originated in the mystique regarding frontier life. As the Governor of Virginia noted in 1774, the Americans "for ever imagine the Lands further off are still better than those upon which they are already settled". He added that, "if they attained Paradise, they would move on if they heard of a better place farther west”. -
Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648-1706
Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648−1706 George Lincoln Burr Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648−1706 Table of Contents Narratives of the Witchcraft Cases, 1648−1706...............................................................................................1 George Lincoln Burr................................................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................................3 Notes........................................................................................................................................................5 A BRIEF AND TRUE NARRATIVE: titlepage.....................................................................................7 “The Bookseller to the Reader.”..............................................................................................................7 Narrative..................................................................................................................................................7 Notes......................................................................................................................................................11 Remarks of things more than ordinary about the Afflicted Persons......................................................14 Notes......................................................................................................................................................15 -
Index to Map of Salem Village 1692
INDEX TO MAP OF SALEM VILLAGE 1692 | Small Size (in separate window) | Medium Size (in separate window) | Large Size (in separate window) | The attached map shows all the dwellings present in Salem Village and the key locations of Salem Town in 1692. Quadrant 1 1. John Willard 3. Francis Peabody 5. William Hobbs 6. John Roberinson 7. William Nichols 8. Bray Wilkins 9. Aaron Way 10 Thomas Baily 11. Thomas Fuller, Sr. 12. William Way 13. Francis Elliot 14. Jonathan Knight 15. Thomas Cave 16. Philip Knight 17. Isaac Burton 18. John Nichols, Jr. 19. Humphrey Case 20. Thomas Fuller, Jr. 21. Jacob Fuller 22. Benjamine Fuller. 23. Deacon Edward Putnam 24. Sgt. Thomas Putnam 25. Peter Prescot 26. Ezekiel Cheever 27. Eleazer Putnam 37. John Putnam, Jr. 44. William Small 45. John Darling Quadrant 2 2. Isaac Easty 4. Joseph Porter 28. Henery Kenny 29. John Martin 30. John Dale. 31. Joseph Prince 32. Joseph Putnam 33. John Putnam Ill 34. Benjamin Putnam 35. Daniel Andrew 36. John Leach, Jr. 39. Mary Putnam 40. Alexander Osborn & James Prince 41. Jonathan Putnam 42. Goerge Jacobs, Jr. 43. Peter Cloyse 46. James Putnam 47. Capt. John Putnam 48. Daniel Rea 49. Henry Brown 53. Joseph Herrick 67. Jeremiah Watts 68. Edward Bishop (Sawyer) 69. Edward Bishop (Husb.) 70. Capt. Thomas Rayment 86. Exercise Conan Quadrant 3 54. John Phelps 55. Goerge Flint 56. Ruth Sibley 57. John Buxton 58. William Allin 59. Samuel Brabrook 60. James Smith 71. Joseph Hutchinson, Jr. 72. William Buckley 89. Joseph Swinnerton 90. Benjamine Hutchinson 91. -
Gender-Related Terms in English Depositions, Examinations And
ACTA UNIVERSITATIS UPSALIENSIS Studia Anglistica Upsaliensia 132 Editores Rolf Lundén, Merja Kytö & Monica Correa Fryckstedt Sara Lilja Gender-Related Terms in English Depositions, Examinations and Journals, 1670–1720 Dissertation presented at Uppsala University to be publicly examined in Ihresalen, Engelska parken, Humanistiskt centrum, Thunbergsvägen 3L, Uppsala, Saturday, March 31, 2007 at 10:15 for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. The examination will be conducted in English. Abstract Lilja, S. 2007. Gender-Related Terms in English Depositions, Examinations and Journals, 1670–1720. Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Anglistica Upsaliensia 132. 245 pp. Uppsala. ISBN 978-91-554-6801-9. This dissertation focuses on gender-related terms as well as adjectives and demonstratives in connection with these terms used in texts from the period 1670–1720. The material in the study has been drawn from both English and American sources and comes from three text categories: depositions, examinations and journals. Two of these text categories represent authentic and speech-related language use (depositions and examinations), whereas the third (journals) is representative of a non-speech-related, non-fictional text category. While previous studies of gender-related terms have primarily investigated fictional material, this study focuses on text categories which have received little attention so far. The overarching research question addressed in this study concerns the use and distribution of gender-related terms, especially with regard to referent gender. Data analyses are both quantitative and qualitative, and several linguistic and extra-linguistic factors are taken into account, such as the semantic domain to which the individual gender-related term belongs, region of origin and referent gender. -
The Records of the Salem Commoners, 1713-1739
*h'l^\ ''"<> ' ' i t> . ft'. ' { I V ?.' yC> » '<^. r-^^ 7, , 'X' S ^"-n^. "»' <^^^ "'° ,%^ "V •- .^° ' = o^ *' > V % y •^. m^" ^^ X •^•° / ^ ^"^ rV^^^': ^o v^ ^0 ° <^- o^O. ^<^^ " O ' <^^ N \^ \> ,V r'. ^ -^ ^y^^* ^ ^ ..0^ ^P-^^^ -A .0 * 4^ <o ^..<< - .V THE RECORDS ^ f OF THE SALEM COMMONERS 1713-1739 COPIED BY " GEORGE FRANCIS DOW [From the Historical Collections of the Essex Institute, Volumes xxxvi-xxvix.l ' SALEM, MASS. PRINTED FOR THE ESSEX INSTITUTE 1903 SALEM COMMONERS RECORDS, 1713-1739. COPIED BY GEORGE FRANCIS DOW. First Booke of records of Minutes of y*' proprietors of y® Common lands in Salem & of their first Meeting which was y^ 29 Day of June 1713. A list of y^ proprietors as uel Golthites Junr in Salem 5 Daniel Epes Esqr 2 SALEM COMMONERS RECORDS, 1713-1739. [List of the proprietors] thiit attended y"^ proprietors Meeting in y*" Low ro(tnie where wee tir.sl began it, John Marsh Sen'" 1 Samuel Golthite 1 John Hutchison I Daniel Andrews 3 Wni Upton 1 Daniel Mackintire 1 Samuel Upton 1 Abraham Locyer 1 John Putnam Jun^' 1 John Nicholls 2 James Gould Sen"" 1 Stephen Sewall 2 Cap* John Gardner 2 Memorand". There was mr John Traske L* Jeremiah Neal Willard & Severall others to y® Number of about a doz° was at y'' beginning of y® Meeting with & seemed to Join with vs whilst y'' warrant was read & Seuerall debates & appeard to be a concurrence betwixt y'' proprietors & Cottagers viz that thay would choofse aConiitte ol both forts to Move to y^ Generall Court an Explanation of y'^ Law referring to Cottnges which all would set downe on & yet to y'" Surprise of Many of vs mr Jn*^ Trafke Sen'" Just as y** Moderator was chose slipt one of y'^ original warrants oft' y'" Table & put it in his pocket & nioued out of y*^ roome with about 10 or a Doz'^ more followed him & went vp in y*" Chamber oner y^ roome where wee were Met & tho wee fent to them to come & proceed on y*^ buf isness of y*" Meeting as they had begun but they did not comei Attest Stephen Sewall Cler. -
Ryal Side from Early Days of Salem Colony
Gc 974.402 Sa32pi 1822518 REYNOLDS HISTORICAL GENEALOGY COLLECTION ' »/! I RYAL SIDE FROM EARLY DAYS OF SALEM COLONY . RYAL SIDE FROM EARLY DAYS OF SALEM COLONY By CALVIN P. PIERCE With Illustrations CAMBRIDGE Printed at The ‘'Riverside Tress for The Beverly Historical Society MDCCCCXXXI SHOWING SUBDIVISIONS AND LOCATIONS OF LANDMARKS, ACCORDING TO OFFICIAL AND PRIVATE SURVEYS 29X Granted to Edmund Mar¬ 37 Salt House Point E Mill Lane— 1657 Woolestone (Danvers) River I2x Head bound of John Leach’s 19 First landing-place — 37X Location of Salt House F Henry Herrick’s Rock Land of Jacob Barney land, black oak tree shall —1636 163S 38 Ensign Dixie’s Cove G John Green’s Gate and Boundary — Leach and Barney, 13 Leased to John Batchelder — 20 Present location of U.S. 30 Leased to John Green — 39 Israel Green’s house site of first house since 1643 1677 M.A.A. Club House 1677 40 John Green’s house H Captain John Dodge Elliott Street — new part, 1810 13X Head bound of JohnBatchelder’s 21 Conant Street 30X Green’s Hill 41 Draper’s Point — second house land, white oak tree. 2ix Horse Bridge 31 Coal Pit Hill, site of Ryal Junction of Elliott Street and landing-place I Felton’s Meadow Dark Lane 14 Cornelius Baker farm 22 Cabot Street Side Schoolhouse 42 Bushnell Lot — 1636 J Holton’s; also Creesy’s 15 Land of Cornet Howard 23 Balch Street 32 Granted to JohnWinthrop, Long; also Leach’s Cove 43 Land of Henry Herrick Meadow Old Leach burial lot 15X Chanted Swamp 24 Old Planter’s Path Jr. -
Character Breakdown
SAMUEL PARRIS - The minister of Salem. A former merchant, Parris is obsessed with his reputation and frequently complains that the village does not pay him enough, earning him a great deal of scorn. When the trials begin, he is appointed as a prosecutor and helps convict the majority of those accused of witchcraft. Towards the end of the play, he is betrayed by his niece, Abigal and begging receiving death threats from angry relatives of the condemned ( in real life, Parris lift Salem in 1696,the year his wife Elizabeth, died. He found his situation untenable , Records in the Suffolk deeds indicates it likely he fruit ed to business in Boston in 1697. He also preached six months in Dunstable in 1711. He died on February 27, 1720, in Sudbury, where he had spent his last years. In 1699 he remarried, to Dorothy notes, in sudbury.) TITBUA The Parris family slave, to tuba was brought by Parris from Barbados when he moved to Salem and had served him since. Using her knowledge of herbs and magic, she has been secretly helping Abigail and her friends make love potions, and even conduct a séance on behalf of Ann Putnam. After being framed for witchcraft, she confesses and is subsequently imprisoned with Sarah good. By the fourth act, she has been driven mad by the harsh conditions and is effectively left to die in custody. ABIGALL WILLIAMS - The main antagonist of the play Abigall previously worked as a maid for Elizabeth proctor. After Elizabeth suspected Abigall having a illicit relationship with John Proctor , Williams was fired and disgraced. -
The Anatomy of Correction: Additions
KU ScholarWorks | http://kuscholarworks.ku.edu Please share your stories about how Open Access to this article benefits you. The Anatomy of Correction: Additions, Cancellations, and Changes in the Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Trials by Peter Grund 2007 This is the author’s accepted manuscript, post peer-review. The original published version can be found at the link below. Peter Grund. 2007. “The Anatomy of Correction: Additions, Cancellations, and Changes in the Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Trials.” Studia Neophilologica 79(1): 3–24. Published version: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00393270701287439 Terms of Use: http://www2.ku.edu/~scholar/docs/license.shtml This work has been made available by the University of Kansas Libraries’ Office of Scholarly Communication and Copyright. Peter Grund. 2007. “The Anatomy of Correction: Additions, Cancellations, and Changes in the Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Trials.” Studia Neophilologica 79(1): 3–24. (accepted manuscript version, post-peer review) The Anatomy of Correction: Additions, Cancellations, and Changes in the Documents of the Salem Witchcraft Trials1 Peter Grund, Uppsala University 1. Introduction The Salem witchcraft trials of 1692 hold a special place in early American history. Though limited in comparison with many European witch persecutions, the Salem trials have reached mythical proportions, particularly in the United States. The some 1,000 extant documents from the trials and, in particular, the pre-trial hearings have been analyzed from various perspectives by (social) historians, anthropologists, biologists, medical doctors, literary scholars, and linguists (see e.g. Rosenthal 1993: 33–36; Mappen 1996; Grund, Kytö and Rissanen 2004: 146). But despite this intense interest in the trials, very little research has been carried out on the actual manuscript documents that have survived from the trials. -
Male Witches in Colonial New England
Western Washington University Western CEDAR WWU Graduate School Collection WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship 2011 Unruly men, improper patriarchs: male witches in colonial New England Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth) Lilley Western Washington University Follow this and additional works at: https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet Part of the Archival Science Commons Recommended Citation Lilley, Rachel E. (Rachel Elizabeth), "Unruly men, improper patriarchs: male witches in colonial New England" (2011). WWU Graduate School Collection. 163. https://cedar.wwu.edu/wwuet/163 This Masters Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the WWU Graduate and Undergraduate Scholarship at Western CEDAR. It has been accepted for inclusion in WWU Graduate School Collection by an authorized administrator of Western CEDAR. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Unruly Men, Improper Patriarchs: Male Witches in Colonial New England By Rachel Elizabeth Lilley Accepted in Partial Completion Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts Moheb A. Ghali, Dean of the Graduate School ADVISORY COMMITTEE Chair, Dr. Susan Amanda Eurich Dr. Laurie Hochstetler Dr. Kathleen Kennedy MASTER’S THESIS In presenting this thesis in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a master‟s degree at Western Washington University, I grant to Western Washington University the non- exclusive royalty-free right to archive, reproduce, distribute, and display the thesis in any and all forms, including electronic format, via any digital library mechanisms maintained by WWU. I represent and warrant this is my original work, and does not infringe or violate any rights of others. I warrant that I have obtained written permissions from the owner of any third party copyrighted material in these files. -
Ocm08458220-1820.Pdf (13.93Mb)
fii:ii'T?:?''ii?r-i -^; 317.3M31 M41 63AIHOI#V vv..», Digitized by tine Internet Arcliive in 2009 witli funding from University of IVIassacliusetts, Boston http://www.arcliive.org/details/pocl<etalmanacl<fo1820amer rt'ip^VyrttrVpT .yg^M^g^ THE MASSACHUSETTS AND United States Calendar; For the Year of our LORD 182 0. 4 and j Forty-fourth of American Independence. CONTAINING I 1 Civil, Judicial, Ecck/ia/iica/, and Military Lifts in X MASSACHUSETTS; ) Associations, and Corporate Institutions, \ for Literary^ agricultural^ and charitable Purpofes. A Lijl ^ Post-Towns in MaJ'ackufctts, with the Names of the Post-Masters. ALSO, Catalogues of the Officers of the GENERAL GOVERNMENT, With its feveral Departments and ERabliihments j i Times of the Sittings of the feveral Courtsj Governors in each State; And a Variety of other intcreftlng Articles. BOSTON : PUBLISHED BY JAMES LORING, AND WEST, RICHARDSON 8c LORD. Sold, wholefale and retail, at their Book -Stores, Covnliill. ^^^S5^3?S9©^fe6^^^5p5©(£^^©g^^^^6^»i^^f^^ " ECLIPSES FOR 1820. There wiU be four Eclipses this j'ear, two of the *Sun, and two of the Moon, as follows, viz. I. The first will be of the Sun, March Uth day, 8h. STm. in the morninv?;, invisii>ie to ns, but visible and central in the STUthcrn Ocean,, in Long. oQo 12' East of Boston, and Lat. 6 50 32' South. ' IT. The ^^econti will be of t!ie Moon, March 29tlv, 2h. 2ni.in the evening, consequently invisible at Boston. III. The third will be of the Hun, S'f^ptember 7th» invisible at Boston. -
Master's Thesis
FACULTY OF ARTS AND EDUCATION MASTER’S THESIS Programme of study: Master in Literacy ................. semester, 20....... Studies Open Author: Marit Jacobsen ………………………………………… (Author’s signature) Supervisor: Merja Stenroos Thesis title: 'Your Worships, all of you do you think this is true?' A study of pragmatic strategies in the records of the Salem Witch-hunt trials No. of pages: ………………… Keywords: Salem Witchcraft trials, historical pragmatics, speech act theory, address terms, + appendices/other: ………… pragmatic strategies, politeness theory Stavanger, ……………….. date/year Table of Contents 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 2. The historical context .................................................................................................. 7 2.1. The Salem Witchcraft trials ................................................................................ 7 2.2. The background: Puritanism and the Indian Wars .............................................. 9 2.3. The onset of the witch-hunt ................................................................................ 10 2.4. What was witchcraft? ........................................................................................ 14 2.5. The courts and trials ......................................................................................... 17 2.5.1. The Salem Examinations ......................................................................... 17 2.5.2. The Court of Oyer -
Determining Blame During the Salem Witch Trials John R
Western Kentucky University TopSCHOLAR® The tudeS nt Researcher: A Phi Alpha Theta History Student Publications Publication 2014 Factoring Guilt: Determining Blame during the Salem Witch Trials John R. Bergman Jr. Western Kentucky University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_res_jour Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Bergman, John R. Jr., "Factoring Guilt: Determining Blame during the Salem Witch Trials" (2014). The Student Researcher: A Phi Alpha Theta Publication. Paper 1. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/stu_res_jour/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by TopSCHOLAR®. It has been accepted for inclusion in The tudeS nt Researcher: A Phi Alpha Theta Publication by an authorized administrator of TopSCHOLAR®. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Factoring Guilt: Determining Blame during the Salem Witch Trials John R. Bergman, Jr. 3 Introduction The Salem Witch Trials that took place from February 1692 to May 1693 in Salem, Massachusetts, has remained a controversial topic among historians for the last 320 years. Speculation continues over the causes, why the trials lasted so long, and the types of verdicts that were made during the trials. As part of these debates a new theory has emerged in the past twenty years that shifts the focus from the little girls who made the initial accusations. Historians are now examining the crucial role played by older women and men in the cycle of accusations that put over 150 people in jail and led to the deaths of 25 colonial citizens, including the passing of an unnamed infant that Sarah Good had given birth to while in prison.1 Everyone knows the “story” of the Salem Witch Trials.