( Uarterly J.Ournal

THE

( UARTERLY J.OURNAL

0 P TIIE

GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

EDITED BY

TKE ASS][STANT-SECRET,~=RY OF TKE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY.

Quod si eui mor~alium eordi et eur~e sit noa tantum inventis h~erere, atque iis uti, se4 ad ulteriora penetrare ; atque non disputando aclversarium, secl opere naturam vincere ; denique non belle et probabi_liter opinari~ sed certo et ostensive scire ; tales, tanquam veri seientiarum fllii, nobis (si vidcbitur) se adjungant. --1Vovum Organum, Pr~fatio.

VOLUME THE SIXTY-EIGHTH.

1912.

LONDON : LONGMANS, GREEN, AND C(). PARIS: CHARLES KLINCKSIECK, i1 RUE DE LILL]~.

SOLD ALSO AT THE APARThIENTS OF THE SOCIETY.

MDCCCCXII. itl+t

OF THlg OFFICERS

OF THE GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

Elected February 16th, 1912.

l~rtgihtnt. Aubrey Strahan, Sc.D., F.R.S. ~itt~rtgihtntg. Prof. Edmund Johnston Garwood, M.A. Richard Dixon Oldham, F.R.S. John Edward Mart, Sc.D., F.R.S. Prof. W. W. Watts, Sc.D., LL.D., F.R.S. ,~ttrttaritg. Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S. ] Herbert Henry Thomas, M.A., B.Se. ~[Forti~n bttrttarp, ~rta~urtr, Sir A.rehibald Geikie,K.0.B.,D.0.L.,LL.D., i Bedford McNeill, Assoc.R.S.M. Se.D., Pres.R.S.

Henry A. Alien. Herbert Lapworth, D.Sc., M.Inst.O.E. Tempest Anderson, M.D., D.Sc. Bedford McNeill, Assoc.R.S.M. Charles William Andrews, B.A., D.Sc., John Edward Marr, Sc.D., F.R.S. F.R.S. Richard Dixon Oldham, F.I~.S. Henry Howe Bemrose, J.P., Sc.D. George Thurland Prior, M.A., D.Sc., Prof. Thomas George Bonney, Sc.D., F.H.S. LL.D., F.R.S. Clement Reid. F.R.S., F.L.S. Prof. William S. Boulton, B.Se., Assoc. Aubrey Strahan, Sc.D., F.R.S. R.C.S. Herbert Henry Thomas, M.A., B.Sc. James Vincent Elsden, D.Sc. Arthur Vaughan, M.A., D.Sc. John William Evans, D.Sc., LL.B. Prof. William Whitehead Watts, Sc.D., Prot: Edmund Johnston Oarwood, M.A. LL.D., M.Sc., F.R.S. Sir Archibald Geikie, K.C.B., D.C.L., The Rev. Henry Hoyte Winwood, M.A. LL.D., Sc.D., Pres.R.S. Arthur Smith Woodward, LL.D., F.R.S., Robert Stansfield Herries, M.A. F.L.S.

~t~i~tant,~ttrttarp, feltS, an~ tt.ibrarian. L. L. Belinfante, M.Sc.

~l~i~tant ~ibrar/an ~l~i~tant ~ltrI~. w. Rupert Jones. ~. St. John Hope.

~i~tant ia ~ffict an~ ~.ibrarp. Arthur Greig.

STANDING PUBLICATION COMMITTEE. Dr. A. Strahan, President. Dr. A. Smith-Woodward, "[ Secretaries. Mr. Herbert H. Thomas, J Mr. It. A. Alien. :~Ir. Bedford McNeill. Dr. C. W. Andrews. Dr. J. E. Marr. Dr. J. V. Elsden. Dr. G. T. Prior. Mr. R. S. Herries. Mr. Clement Reid. D~. G. J. Hmde. Dr. A. Vaughan. Dr. It. Lapworth. Prof. ~V. W. Watts. TABLE OF CONTENTS.

Page BAILEY, EDWARD BATTERSBY (~ M. MACGREGOR). The Gien- 0rchy Anticline, Argyllshire. (Plate X) ...... 164

BOLTON, HERBERT. Insect-Remains from the Midland and South- Eastern Coal Measures. (Plates XXXI-XXXIII) ...... 310

BONNEY, Prof. TH0~IAS GEORGE (• the Rev. E. HILL). Petro- lo~cal Notes on Guernsey, Herm, Sark, and Alderney. (Plate I) ...... 31

BOSWORTH, TEO~AS 0WEN. The Keuper Marls around Charn- wood. (Plates XIX-XXVI) ...... 281

Cox, Dr. ARTHUR HUBERT. On an Inlier of Longmyndian and Cambrian Rocks at Pedwardine (Herefordshire) ...... 364

DAVIES, GEORGE MACDONALD. The Mineral Composition of the Arctic Bed at Ponder's End 243

DIxoN, HuGH NEVILLE. Report on the Mosses from the Arctic Bed ...... '230

GAI~DINER, CHARLES IRVING- (• Prof. S. H. REYNOLDS). The Ordovician and Silurian Rocks of the Kilbride Peninsula, Mayo. (Plates VI & VII) ...... 75

GARWOOD, Prof. ED~IUND JOHNSTON. The Lower Carboniferous Succession in the North-West of England. (Plates XLIV- LVI) ...... 449

HARDAKER, WALTER HENRY. On the Discovery of a Fossil- bearing Horizon in the ' Permian' Rocks of Hamstead Quarries, . near Birmingham ' " 639

HILL, the Rev. EDWIN. The Glacial Sections round Sudbury (Suffolk) ... : ...... : ...... 23

(& Prof. T. G. BONNEY). Petrological Notes on Guernsey, Hei-m, Sark, and Alderney. (Plate I) ...... 31

HINTON, MARTIN A. C. Note on Lemming-Remains from the Arctic Bed at Angel Road ...... 249 a2 iv TABLE OF CONTEI~TS.

Page HULL, Prof. EDWARD. On the Interglacial Gravel-Beds of the Isle of Wight and the South of England, and the Conditions of their Formation ...... 91

JONES, Prof. OWES THOMAS. The Geological" O'" Structure of Central Wales and the Adjoining Regions. (Plate XXXIV) ...... 308

(& H. H. T~o~IAs). On the Pre-Cambrian and Cambrian Rocks of Brawdy, Hayscastle, and Brim;~ston, Pembrokeshire. (Plate XL) ...... 374

KENNARD, ALFRED SANTER (& B. B. WOODWARD). The 3[ollusca [from the Arctic Bed]. (Plate XVII) ...... 234

LAKE, PmLIP (& Prof. S. H. I~EYNOLDS). The Geology of 3Iynydd-y-Gader, Dolgelly. (Plates XXXV-XXXIX) ...... 345

LEwis, FttANClS JOH?,'. List of the Flowering Plants ~from the Arctic Bed~ ...... _029

LONGSTAFF~ JANr;. Some New Lower Carboniferous Gasteropoda. (Plates XXVII-XXX) ...... "295

MACGREGOR, MUm~AY (& E. B. BAILEY). The Glen-Orchv Anticline, Argyllshire. (Plate X) " 164

MATLEu Dr. CItARLES ALFRED. The Upper Keuper (or Arden) Sandstone Group and Associated Rocks of Warwickshire. (Plate XVIII) ...... 25"2

MUNRO, ~[ADELINE. Description of some New Forms of Trep,- stomatous Bryozoa from the Lower Carboniferous Rocks of the l~ orth-~restern Province ...... 574

NOBLE, ARTHUR HENRY (& R. L. SHERLOCK). On the Glacial Ol~gin of the Clay-with-Flints of Bucldnghamshire, and on a Former Course of the Thames. (Plates XII-XIV) ...... 199

REYNOLDS, Prof. SIDXEu HUGH (& C. I. GARDINER). The Ordo- vician and Silurian Rocks of the Kilbride Peninsula, Mayo. (Plates VI & VII) ...... 75

(& P. LA~:E). The Geology of Mynydd-y-Gader, Dolgelly. (Plates XXXV-XXXIX) ...... 345

RO~IANES, JA~mS. Geology of a Part of Costa Rica. (Plates VIII & IX) ...... 103

SCOURFIELD, DAVID J. Report on the Entomostraca [from the Arctic Bed~ ...... _042

SCmVENOR, John B~OOKE. The Gopeng Beds of Kinta (Federated Malay States) ...... 140 TABLE OF CONTENTS. T Page SHERLOCK, Dr. ROBERT LIONEL (& A. H. NOBLE). On the Glacial Origin of the Clay-with-Flints of Buckinghamshire, and on a Former Course of the Thames. (Plates XII-XIV).. 199

SIBLY, Dr. T~o~As FRA.WKLII~. The Faulted Inlier of Carboni- fern)us Limestone at Upper Vobster, Somerset. (Plates II-V). 58

SMITH, BERNARD. The Glaciation of the Black-Combe District, Cumberland. (Plates XLI-XLIII) ...... 402

STATHER, JOHN WALKER. Shelly Clay dredged from the Dogger Bank ...... 324

Tno~As, HERBERT HENRY (& Prof. O. T. JONES). On the Pre- Cambrian and Cambrian Rocks of Brawdy, Ha)'scastle, and Brimaston, Pembrokeshire. (Plate XL) ...... 374

VERNON~ ROBERT DOUGLASS. On the Geology and Palseontology of the Warwickshire Coalfield. (Plates LVII-LXI) ...... 587

WARREN, S. HAZZLEDINE. On a Late Glacial Stage in the Valley of the River Lea, subsequent to the Epoch of River-Drif~ Man. (Plates XV-XVII) ...... '213

WATERHOUSE, CHARLES O. Report on the Insect-Remains [from the Arctic Bed] ...... 241

WILLS, LEONARD JOHNSTON. Late Glacial and Post-Glacial Changes in the Lower Dee Valley. (Plate XI) ...... 180

WOODS, HENRY. The Evolution of Inoceramus in ~he Cretaceous Period ...... 1

WOODWARD, ARTHUR SMITH. Desc~ipti,)n of the Teeth of Two New Species of Fishes from the Lower Carboniferous Rocks of the iNorth-Western Province. (Plate LII pars) ...... 572

WOODWARD~ BERNARD BARHA.~t (& A. S. KENNARD). The Molhsca [from the Arctic BedT. (Plate XVII) ...... 234

PROCEEDINGS. Proceedings of the Meetings ...... i, cii Annual Report ...... vii Lists of Donors to the Library ...... xi List of Foreign Members ...... xxii List of Foreign Correspondents ...... xxiii vi TABLE OF CONTENTS. Page List of Wollaston Medallists ...... xxiv List of Murchison MedaUists ...... xxvi List of Lyell Medallists ...... xxviii Lists of Bigsby and Prestwich Medallists ...... xxx Applications of the Barlow-Jameson Fund and Awards from the Daniel-Pidgeon Fund ...... xxxi Financial Report ...... xxxii Award of the Medals and Proceeds of Funds ...... xxxix

Anniversary Address of the President ...... xlviii

Announcement of the decease of Sir JOSEPH DALTON HOOKER ...... iii

Announcement of the decease of JOSEPH DJcKr~'SON ...... civ Discussion on boring cores of Palaeozoic rocks from the London Basin, etc ...... cv Conversazione ...... cxii LIST OF THE FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED IN THIS VOLUME.

Name of Speeies. [Formation. ] Locality. ! Page

~ADREPORARIA RUGOSA.

Campophyllum ciliatum, sp. | Seminula- gregaria nov., pl. xlviii, figs. 6 a-6 e. j Sub-zone. Meathop ...... 561 Caninia subibicina, pl. xlix, fig. 3 ...... Micheliuia Zone. * Kendal district. 56l Carcinoph~llum simplex, sp.'~ ( Arnside & nov., pl. xlviii, figs. 3a-3cv t Seminula- I Furness & 4a-4 b ...... : ~ gregaria I districts ...... 556-57 CarrutherseUa compacta, gen. et sp. nov., pl. xlviii, figs. la- ] Sub-zone. i I Meathop Fell,.. 555-56 Clisiophyllum multi~eptatum. 1 Arnside & other sp. nov., pL 1, figs. 1-4b .... district,~ ...... 560 Cqathophgllum m~dtilamella- Michelinia Zone. "turn, pl. l, figs. 5-7 ...... Various ...... 562 Diphyphg/llum aft. latesepta- [ Productus - Arnside & corrugato - Ravenstone- turn, p|. 1, figs. 8 a & 8 b ... ] hemislgherieus dale districts. 563 [ Zone. Lithostrotio~t(5"ematophyllum) ] Carboniferous Kendal & other minus ...... ( Limestone. districts ..... 563-64 ( Productus - ] Lophophyllum ashfellense, sp. J corrugate- nov., pl. 1, figs. 9 a & 9 b ... | hemisphericus Ashfell Edge .. 559-60 [. Zone. fi'agile, sp. nov., pl. xlix, 1 Michelinia Zone. Arnside 558-59 figs. 5 a & 5 b ...... ~ ......

pl. xlviii, figs. 2 r e ...... gregaria nes.~ districts. 557-58 vesiculosum, sp. nov., Sub-zone. pl. xlviii, figs. 5 a & 5 b ...... Meathop ...... 559 Vlll FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED.

Name of Species. ~ :Formation. t Locality. Page

3[ADREeOR.a_RIA RUGOSA (continued).

mieulare, pl. xlix, figs. 2a-i fflabristria Various ...... 562-63 2 d ...... i Zone. Vaughania eleisloporoide~.! Solenopora Shap & Raven- gen. et sp. nov., pl. xlviii,! stonedale fig. 7 & text-figs. 4-6 ...... Sub-zone, distriets ...... 564-67 Zaphrentis konbwki formal} kentensis nov., pl. xlix, MichelbfiaZone. { Arn,ide & other fig. 4 ...... districts ...... 561-62

PHYLLOCARIDA. Caryocaris kilbride~sis, sp.! nov., text-fig ...... I Arenig ]3eds ... Kilbride ...... 99-101

ISOPODA.

ArthroTleura armata, pl. Ix, "~ Ryder Coal ..... I ~ :Baddesley fig. 11 ...... j " ': ~ Colliery ...... 638

DECAFOVA.

A~ghrapalcemon sp., pl. lx, "~ Seven-FeetCoal. { Aminzton fig. 7 ...... J Colliery ...... 638 Crustacean tracks, fig. 29 .... Permian ...... Hamsteacl ...... 675-76

I:)A L,:EOD I C T y 0 PTEll..'~ ,,

Cryptovenia moyse!fi, gen. et ( sp. nov., pl. xxxii, figs. 4-6. I Ilkeston ...... 315-17 Orlhocosta sple,nde~s, gen. et'. sp. nov., pl. xxxi, figs. 1-3 . '~ I Ilkeston ...... 310-13 Phylloblatta spp., pl. xxxiii,! figs. 3-9 ...... Coal Measures . East Kent ...... 321-22 Pgeronidia plicatulct, gen. et sp. nov., pl. xxxii, figs. 1-3. Ilkeston ...... 313-15 Soomylacris (Egoblatti~m) i burri, sp. nov., pl. xxxiii, figs. 1 & 2 ...... j East Kent ...... 318-20 Insect-wing (?), fig. 30 ...... Permian ...... Hamstead ...... 677

~[~REPOSTOMATAo Stenophragma graml~/e~tse,gen. ] Carboniferous et sp. nov ...... :~ Limestone Shn l) ...... 576 [obatum, sp. nov., figs. 8- "~ Solenopora 10 ...... ~ S ub-zone... Ravenstonedale. 574-76 Step,opera eo~pacta, sp. nov.,: { ~'ematophyl[um- i figs. 11 & 12 ...... min~s Sub- zone ...... Roman Fell, etc. i 577-79 FOSSILS FIGURED A/~D DESCRIBED. ix

Name of Species. i Formation. Locality. Page - I

BRACIIIOPODA.

Caznarotcechia ~n'oava nl lil Solenopora Sub-l~ North-West of t figs. I a-1 c...~: ...... :..v..:...:! { zone ...... !k England ...... I 567 Productus cf. giganteus ...... i Lonsdalia :Beds. ! Shap & Pennine{ districts ...... 1 569-70 globosus, sp. nov., pl. li,iJ Seminula - .| Shap & Raven- figs. 4 a & 4b ...... qregaria ] stonedale ~8ub-zone ...t districts ...... i 568-69 aft. globosus ...... [ Lower _Dibuno- i} Yennine i J 569 of. maximus, pl. li, fig. ~.] ) phyllum Sub-i district ...... [ 570 rotuudus, sn nov, nl lii~ zone ...... /' Shap & Raven- ( figs. 3a&3b ...... I Seminula- : I stonedale i / yregar~a !~ districts ...... /~ 569 Rhunchonella (.Pugnax) faw-i ! j Fawcett Mill / cetlensis, sp. nov., pl li.~ ] Sub-zone ...il (Shap) ...... / 1i568 figs. 2a & 2b ...... i;J t It Seminula aft. ficoidea pl. li i Aghgria - 9Iabri- j Low Meathop, fig. 6 ...... '...... :ll Zone ... Arnside ...... 4 .stria 571-72 / Sem in ula. - Shap & :Raven- --gregaria, pl. li, fig. 5 ... gregar~a / stonedale i ~ub-zone ...... districts ...... 571 { Ravenstonedale 8pirifer furcatus ...... { Athyris - 9labri- ' stria Zone ...i & other I distriets ...... 571 . pinskeyensis, sp. nov.,] pl. lii, figs. 1 a & 1 b ...... Pi nskey :Beds...! Pinskey Gill ... 570 / LvwerProduetus I SpiriJerina laminosa, pl. li,] c~176 i ) ~Ravenstonedale figs. 7 a-7 e & text-fig. 7 ... hemisphericus [ district ...... 572 [ Z~ne ......

~AME LLIBRANCIIIATA.

Anthracomya.~p ,~ pl . lx ~ fi g, 4 Coal Measures GlascoteColliery I 638 Carbonicola aquili~a, pl. lx, Thick Coal ...... } ~'owdigate I fig. 8 ...... Colliery ...... ! 638 turgida, pl. lx, fig. 2 ...... Kingsbury I Ryder Cval ...... Colliery ...... ! 638 sp., pl. lx, fig. 6 ...... Seven-Feet Coal.! Pooley-Itall Colliery ...... 638 Inocermnus a~glicus, figs. 28 & Red Chalk ...... ( 29, 56 & 57 ...... 5,8,12 balticus, figs. 87-89 ...... Upper Chalk .., 16, 17 cardissoides, fig. 92 ...... Actinocamax- [ q~tadragusZone. 17, 18 concen,tricus, figs. 5-9 ... 12--~ -- var. subsulca~us, i Gault Not stated. figs. 10-18 ...... 3,4 cordifor~is, figs. 51-53... { 31icras~er co,.- a~guinum Zone 10,11 costellatus, figs. 54 & 55. Chalk Rock ..... 10, 11 crippsi, figs. 58 & 59 ... Pec~en-as2~er I c Zone ...... i L12, la X FOSSILS FIOUR~,D AND DESCRIBED.

Name of Species. i Formation. Locality. Page

LA~IELLIBRANCHIATA (continued).

Znoeera,, us eripl)M va r. reachen- ] s/s, fig. 60 ...... Holader-subglo- i ) 12, 18 bo*us Zone ...! - etherid.qei, figs. 24:-26 ... ! 4, 5 inconstans, figs. 65-81, i Cretaceous 1 86 ...... , ...... i 14-17 -- ~ var. striatus, figs ] Holaster-pIanus i 84& 85 ...... / Zone ...... 15, 16 -~ vat. sarumensis, figs. Aetinocamax- ...... } quadratus Zone. ! 15, 16 7,9, invohd~a, figs. 44--47 ... Mierasler cor- k an.quinum Zone.i 10-ll labiatus, figs. 61-63 { Rh~whonella- : ...... l} cuvieri Zone...: 12, 13 . ~ var. la[us, fig. 64 ... Holasler-planus ! 12,13 lamareki, figs. 34-38 Zone ...... 7,8 ---- var. apicalis, fii;i } l~hynchonella- I 32 & 33 .... euvieri Zone. 17, 8 vat. cuvieri, fi~s. 40 / } Teretn'alulina- & 41 .. lata Zone ... 7,8 t 31icrc/sler cor- -- tar. weSderi, fig. 39[ t les:udinarium i Zo,e ...... Sot stated. ~7,8 ~- lezennends, fig. 48 ...... Mieraster eor- rmguinum Zone. 10 lingua, fig. 90 Upper Chalk ... 17, 18 , 17, 18 neoeomiensis, fig. 27 Lower Greensand ... 5,8 pwtus, figs. 30 & 31 { Holo~ter-subglo- hosvsZone ... 7,8 Mammillalum salomoni, figs. 1--4 ...... Bed ...... 2,3

-- suleatus, figs. 19-21 ... Gault ...... 3, 4 lenuis, fl~s. :/2 & 23 ..... i Red Chalk .... 4,5 . . 2 "or ,'~ ] t Acgtn(x'a~a:c- gltOerOll((t~US ' ll_.~ UO ...... i (~ quaarartt~Lone.. . ,-! 18, 19 undulato-pliealu~, fig. (,)4.[ ~ 18, 19 var. e,nnecting 1. la- ! ~. .... ! 9narcki with I. incolutus. ~ c pper u,aLK ... figs. 4..) &. 43~ ...... ,r J i 7-9 . var. eonnectbg L la- ~.... i ,. .~ , r ~ I I .I"IOtCIS~'C)'~ I~ls ; marc~-, Will) 1. CO~'a, fgrlt8, ~ rl " ! figs. 49 & 50 ...... ! j z~one ...... [j 10, 11 M/cali~m compressa, pl. Ix, figs.i] ( Glaseote Col- / liery, ete ...... 658 9 & 10 ...... ~Seven-Feet Coal. Amington Col- ~tcula undulata, pl. lx, fig. 5)! J fiery 638 Pisidium nitidum, pl. xvil, figs.: ~ i: ( lOa & lOb ...... i I I 239 pusilhtm, pl. xvii, figs./I ~Arctic Bed ...... 4 Ponder's End i 239 lla& llb.., ...... , i ;I supinum, pl. xvii, figs.i I [ , 9a&9b ...... i) '~ t, 239 FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED, xi

Name of Species. Formation. I Locality. Page

~rASTERO PODA.

Foordella hibernica, subgen, et. Lower i sp. nov., pl. xxix, figs. 3 & 4. I Ireland ...... 301 lereticincta, sp. nov., pl. Carboniferous | St. I)oulaghs, xxix, figs. 1 & 2 ...... Limestone ... ~. Dublin ...... 301-302 Limmea palustris, pl. xvii, figs. 236 3a&3b ...... Arctic Bed ...... i Ponder's End... --truncatula, pl. xvii, figs) 4a&4b ...... 1I 236-37 Mieroptgchis wrighti, gen. et Upper I ~" Little Island, sp. nov., pl. xxx, figs. 6a & Carboniferous [ Cork ...... 307-308 6b ...... Limestone .... Pithodea amplissima, pl. xxx, Lower ( Cork, Vis6, etc.. 3O5 figs. 1-3 ...... Carboniferous 1 I)errylorau percincta, pl. xxx, fig. 4 . Limestone ... (Tyrone) ...... 3O5 Pla;w;'bis arcticus, pl. xvii, figs. ; ( 8a&8b ...... I 237 Sphyradium columella, pl. xvii, I I figs. 5a & 5b ...... i Arctic Bed ..... ~ Ponder's End.. i 235 Succinea ef. gr~enlandica, pl. 1 xvii, figs. 1 a & 1 b ...... i238 schumacheri, pl. xvii, figs. 1 i 2a&2b ...... ,, 238 Upper Lime- Tmetonem~ subsulcalum, gen.i [ stone Series f High Smithston et sp. nov., pl. xxviii, figs., 306 3a-4b ...... ji ' (Carb.)scotland.Of "k, (Ayrshire) ... Trechmannia lroch{formis, sub- | Carboniferous [ Stanhope-in- 1 gen. et sp. nov., pl. xxx, figs. i } Limestone ... [ Weardale .. 303-304 5a-5d ...... ~ j Tropidostropha grijfithi, geu.! ) ncv., pl. xxvii, figs. 1-4 ..... i[ Lower (Kildare, &e. 298-99 Carboniferous Lowick & / punclata, sp. nov., pl.il Limestone ... Stanhope-in- xxviii, fi~s. 1-2 c ...... I~ Weardale iili 299-300 Ponder's End 1 238-39 Vertigo parcedenlata, pl. xvii, ! ~" Arctic :Bed ...... figs 6a &6b ...... I ] , ~ 235-36

COCH LIODONTID,'E.

Cochliodus virgatus, ~,p. nov., I ~ Ravenstonedale. pl. lii, figs. 4 a & 4 b ...... I SolenoTora 573 Deltodus garwoodi, sp. nov., 1 Sub-zone ...... ] Shap & Raven- pl. lii, figs. 2, 3a, & 3b ...! ~. stonedale ...... 572-73

AMPtIIBIA or REPTILIA (?) Zeh~dotherium cottce, figs. 13 &J'i I ( 14 ...... i', ~I [662-63 I fchniu~;~ el. acrodactylum!iPevmian ..... i i Han, stead, etc. (minus), fig. 28 ...... : ~ 673-75 brachttdactylum, figs. 20 1 &21 ...... ') [ ~ 666-69 xii FOSSII~ FIGURED AND DESCRIBED.

Name of Species. ] Formation. Locality. Pa ge I

AMPtlIBIA or REPTILIA (?) (continued). Ichnium doliehodacty&m, figs.! ( ( '2"2 & "23 ...... I 668-70 yampsodaetylum, figs. 24! t & "-'5 ...... I I 670-73 var. mimes, figs. 26! I & 27 ...... ~ h672-73 --pachydaclylum, figs. 151 & 16 ...... i 663-65 - var. anyulatu;n ... Permian ...... Hamstead, &e.. !! 6C~-65 .... var. mznus ...... ! 664 var. ~tT~qd(tt/tT?G figS.! i I 17 & 18 ...... i I 666 -- sph~erodactyhtm, figs. 11 & 12 ...... : 1659-61 -- var. minimum ...... : 663 Saurichnites leisnerianus, fig. i [ 666

EQUISETALES.

Annalariafig. 4 ...... galioides, pl. lix.} Thick Coal ...... Chilvers Coto:~. 637 Ca&mites (Calarnitim 0 y~ep- Upper Coal }Nuneaton ...... f perti, pl. lvii. fig. 10 ...... ~ Measures ...... 6 ~ (Elwalamiges) ramosus... ,I Thick Coal ...... , t 6-~2 kowi(Slyloea&mffes) (0 ...... suc- ~t Ryder Coal ...... Arley Colliery... 6 ~ (Calamiti,~ct) und,da!us,} [ ~'ewdigate Col- pl. ivii, fig. 3 ...... lierv ' 637 Calamostachys ramosa, pl. ivii, Thick Coal ...... " fig. o- ...... Chilvers Coton. 637

SPItENOPI1YLLALES. Sphe~wphylho~ mojus, pl. lvii, f Baddeslev fig. 1 ...... i, }Ryder Coal ...... [ Collie@ ...... 637

FILICALES AND PTBRIDOSPERM.E.

Lonchopte'ris bricei, pl. lvii,i] ~fWykenColliery. 637 Neuropteris~gS ...... yiya~tea, pl. lix,~i i Thick Coal ...... i|) Newdigate fig. 3 ...... t Colliery ...... 623 { tIaunchwood i i Griff Colliery... 623 -- ct'. ocata, pl. hx, fig. 5 ...F Sandstones ...! scheuchzcri, pl. lix, fig. 62I { I-IaunchwoodSandstones i 1 Griff Colliery 623 eL scheuchzeri, pl. lvii, ! } Ryder Coal ...... { ~Baddesley fig. 9 ...... Colliery ..... 637 -- schlehrmi, pl. lviii, fig. 1.i Thick Coal ..... iI Chilvers Coton. 623 Peeofiteris polqmorphcr pl. lix, t fig. S ...... Keele Beds ...... Foleshill ...... 637 .... sp., pl. lix, fig. 9 ...... ~r Haunchwood } Whitmore Park. I 637 I Sandstones .... FOSSILS FIGURED AND DESCRIBED. Xll'l

Name o.f Species. Formation. Locality. Page

" FILICAt, ES AND PTERIDOSPERM2E (eontimted). Sphenopteris crepini, pl. lviii,! '~ ( fig. 2 ...... :I I (~37 -- [aurenti, pl. lvii, fig. 2 &! ~ Thick C,al ...... ~ Chilvers Coton. pl. lix, fig. 7 ...... I ! (~37 --. multifida, pl. lviii, fig. 10.: ) [_ 623 ster~tbergi, pl. lviii, figs. 3 1. Thick & Ryder ./Chilvers Coton f & 5 ...... ![ Coals. [ & Baddesley. 637 Zeilleria delicatula, pl. lviii,i "~ Thick Coal Chilvers Coton. fig. 6 ...... ~ j ...... 637

LYCOI'ODIALES. Lepidode~Mron simile, pl. lvii, ~ fig. 7 ...... ! :Ryder Coal ...... Arley Colliery. 637 LeTidostrobus cf. russeliamts,) ( pl. lix, fig. 1 ...... I I ~ 623 Sigillarict diploderma, pl. lviii, ~ Thick Coal ...... ~ Chilvers Coton. ~g..~ ...... I , | f, 637 ---- eIo~gata, pl. lviii, fig. S... ) l, Nuneaton ...... 623 --les~'ellata, pl. Ivii, fig. 6. I. UpperMeasures Coal ...... } Nuneaton ...... 637 Unknown Lycopodiaeeous 1 plant, pl. lviii, flg. 4 ...... / Ryder Coal ..... Arley Colliery. 623

CO~,)A,~ALES. Cordaianthus pi~cairni~e, pl.!} Seven-FeetCoalj (Amin~t'm i 1ix, fig. 2 ...... ] ~ C(,llierv ...... i (;37 CordaitesSi~alchia. imbricata,fieP~ w ...... 10pl. lix, "l]tL ~i[ Hamstea~l ...... I] 657 fig.t Permian ...... i / I 10 ...... / ) Coventry. (;37 pin(formis, fig. 9 ...... [ Hamstead ...... I 656

SEMINA. Cardiocarpustlg. 7 ...... cordai, pl. lviii, ..i} Ryder Coal ..... { Baddesley . .... [ Collier)" . 637 RhabdocarTus elougcttus, pl.] Newdigate lvii, fig. 4 ...... } Thick Coal ...... I~ Colliery ..... 624

INCERTrE SEDIS. Ve~acapsula cooperi, p]. lx,] ~ Thick Coal ...... Chilvers t fig. 3 ...... !) Coto. I 63s EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE ~)AG~ (I~IICROSCOPE" ROCK-SECTIONS OF DIORITES, QUARTZ-~ [ FELSITE, ETC. FRO.~f GUERNSEY, illustrating the[ I~ paper by Prof. T. G. Bonney and the Rev. E. ). 31 I Hill on the Petrology of that and other Channel [ Islands ...... )

f GEOLOGICAL MAP AND SEC'rION OF TIIE UPPER] VOBSTER INLIER, and Vrmvs OF VOBSTER QUAR- i* 58 II-V( RIES,illustrating Dr. T. F. Sibly's paper 0, the [. Carboniferou.~ Limestone of that locality ......

fGEOLOGICAL MAI' OF Tim ~J~ILBRIDE PENINSULA'~ ] (MAYO) and ExeosvaES or SPILITE AND THE I J ASSOCIATED CaERT, illustrating the paper by i 75 VI & VIIi Mr. C. I. Gardiner & Prof. S. H. Reynolds on j the Ordovician and Silurian Rocks of that pen- [ insula ...... )

(CONCENTRIC STRITCTURE IN LAVA Ar :EL BRAZIL;~ [ ALLUVIUM,ETC. IN SALINAS BAY; and 3IIcao- [ VIII & IX ~ scorP. ROCK-SEC'rIo,~s, illustrating Mr. J. Ro- ~ 103 { manes's paper on the geology of a part of Costa [ ( Rica ...... /]

GEOLOGICAL ~IAP OF THE GLEN-ORciIY DISTRICT,} X illustrating the paper by Mr. E. B. Bailey & 164 _Air. M. Macgregor on the Glen-Orehy Anticline.

i'3IAP OF PART OF TIlE RIVER DEE, TO SHOW TtIB-~ I DISTRIBUTIONOF THE ]-)RIFT AND TIIE PRE-GLACIAL I XI~ TOPOGRSPtIY,illustrating Mr. L J. Wills's paper ~ 180 ! on late Glacial and post-Glacial Changes in the I Lower Dee Valley ...... )

(BEDDED SANDY BR|CK-EARTII AT "~VALTER'S ASII;~ [ SARSENWITII A VERMICULAR SURFACE, LEE GATE; I I and :V~AP OF TIIE SUPERFICIAL ~DEPoSITS OF PART xII-XlV OF Tim THAM~.S BASIN, illustrating the paper by ~ 199 Dr. R. L. Sherlock & Mr. A. H. _Noble on the [ Glacial Origin of the Clay.with-Flints of Buck- I t inghamshire, etc ...... )

I/SECTION IN PICKETT'S-LOCK PIT AT PONDER'S~ ] END; and SECTION OF THE ARCTIC BED IN THE [ XV & XVI,{ A.~'GEL-RoADBALLASt-PIT, illustrating Mr. S. H. ~ 213 ] Warren's paper on a Late Glacial Stage in the I Valley of the River Lea, etc ...... } EXPLANATION .OF THE PLATES. xv

PLATE PAGZ { MOLLCSCA PRO.~I TUE ARCTm BED, PONDER'S END, XVII ilhlstrating the.paper by Mr. A. S. Kenuard & ~ 234 Mr. B. B. Woodward on those fbssils ...... j

[MAP OF ThE UPPER KEUPER (MARLS AND ARDEN ] YVIII J SANDSTONE GROUP) OF PART OF WARWICKSIIIRE, ( ..... | illustrating Dr. C. A. Matley's paper ou those t 052 L formations ......

(VIEWS OF CROFT QUARRY AND CLINT-H1LL QUARRY ; ~RETTED ' ~UGGETS' OF SYENITE and an UN- WEATIIERED ANGULAR ROCK-FRAGMENT ; SECTIONS IN GROBY-VILLAGE QUARRY, SIIEET-HEDGES t WOOD Qt~ARRY, AND LANE'S-HILL QUARRY; XIX-XXVI~ GENERAL GEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE COt:STaY ~. 281 AROUND CIIARNWOOD ; MAP OF QUARRY AT [ GROBY; MAP OV CROFT QUARRY; MIAP OF BAR-[ DON HILL QYARRIES ; and MAP OF StIEET-HEDGES I WOOD QUARRY, illustrating Mr. T. O. Bosworth's I paper on the Keuper Marls around Charnwood. )

( TZtOPIDOST~OPHA G_RIFFITHI; :[~. ~v.vcrara AND I T~ETO~'mZA SUBSULCATUM; FOOI~DELLA; and I XXVII-XXX~ PITHODEA, TRECHMAX3"IA, AND 311cRoerrc~is, ~ 295 I illustrating Mrs. Longstaff's paper on Lower I Carboniferous Gasteropoda ...... J

( O-RrHOCOSTA 8PLE,VDEA'S ; PTEROA'IDIA xvLICATULA~ [ AND CRY.PTOVENIA MOt\~EI'I; slid SOOMYZACRIS I XXXI-XXXIII ~ (LYORLArTLVa) BU~RZ AND 2HrZLO~rarTa, illus- ~ 310 t tratiIiZ Mr. H. Bolton's paper on inseet-Relnains I from ~the Midland and South-Eastern Coal I Measures ...... J

t GEOLOGICAL MAP OF CENTRAL WALES AND THE AD- XXXIV JOININGREC, IONS, illustrating Prof. O. T. Jones's I 328 paper on the Geological Structure of those areas.

(GEOLOGICAL MAP OF TIlE ~EIGHBOURtlOOD OF~ l MYNYDD-Y-i~ADER ; ~'~INE-GRAINED DOLERITE } PENETRATING TtIE COARSER VARIETY AND BLOCKS OP ~IiYOLITE CAUGIlT UP BY~ AND ENCLOSED IN~ XXXV-XXXlX-~ Tile DOLERITE; ~.~ODULAR t{nYOLITE AND TUFFS; ~ 345 BANDED RIIYOLITE; and NODULAR RIIYOLITE, ] illustrating the paper by Mr. P. Lake & Prof: S. I4. Reynolds on the Geology of Mynydd-y- ( Gader ...... / (~EOLOGICAL MAP OP THE BRAWDY AND I-IAYSCASTLE'~ I DISTRICT (PE.~IBCOKESnlRE), illustratingthe paper ] XL~ by Mr. Herber~ H. Thomas & Prof. O. 1~. Jones ~. 374 [ on the Pre-Cambrian and Cambrian Rocks of! that district ...... ) (Tim KIN.~IO.~T-]JECK VALLEY AND THE KINMONT DRY i VALLEY; TIIE CORNEY-I-1ALL DRY VALLEY AND THE i ~EAR-BANK ' IN-AND-OUT ' VALLEY ; and CTENERAL XLI-XLIII.{ ! MAP OF THE ]3LAcK-CoMBE DISTRICT, illuswating ~ 402 1 Mr. ]3. Snlith's paper on the glaciation of that ] xv[ EXPL&NATION OF THE PLATES.

PLATE PA6E (VIEWS OF SHAP-ABBEY CLIFF, and of HALTON GREEX, ARXSIDE DISTRI{*r; VIEWS OF TROT- BARROW QUARRY and of :~[IDDLEBARaOW QUARRY, SILVERDALE; FOLD IN THI'SANOPHYZZU3_f BAND, HALL-ItEAD HALL, KENDAL, and PSEITDOBRECCIA AND ' STICK BED,' CIIAPEL ISLAND, FUaNESS; SECTIONS OF ~OSSILS AND ROCKS FROM TIIE CAR- BONIFEROUS LIMESTOHE SERIES; CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE CORALS ; CARBONIFEROUS LIMESTONE :BRACHIOPODS ; SPIRI~'ER, DELTODVS, and COCH- LIODU'S; ~'EOLOGICAL ~[AI'S ILI.USTRATING THE XLIV-LVI 449 LOWER CARBONIFERGUSROCKS OF Tile SIIAP AND ~:~AVENSTONEDALE DISTRICTS. TilE KENDAL. I{IRKBY LONSDALE, _~RNSIDE, AND EASTERN POR- TION OF TIIE GRANGE]~ISTRICTS, AND TIlE FURNESS AND WESTERN PORTION oF TIIE GRANGEDISTRICTS; and SECTIONS ACROSS TIIE S|IAp AND RAVENSTONE- DALE DISTRICTS,and GENERALIZEDSECTION ACROSS TIlE FCRNESS: GRANGE. AND ~ORTI! KENDAL DIS- TRICTS, illustratblg Prof. E. J. Garwood's paper on the Lower Carboniferous Succession in the N,wth-~Vest of Engiand ......

{ ~VARwICKSIIIllE COAl.~ ~IE.kSURE AND PER.MIAN~ i ~)LANT$; and ~VARWICKSilIRE COAL-3[EASURE FOSSILS. witii a VIEW or STOCKIN(;FORD CLAY- LVII-LXI i PIT, illustrating )Iv. R. t'. Vernon's paper on, 587 I the Geology and Paleontology of the Warwick- ! ! shire Coalfield ...... /l

ERRATA.

P. cvi, line 4from the bottom, p. cviii,/i~e 9./;'om the top, & p. ex. li~e 24from the top, for ' Procter' read ' Proctor.' P. exii, line 12 from the top, the word.~ ' were given' should be added after ' lantern-slides.' P. 661, line 6frown the bottom, for ' Themaropns,' read ' The~mropus.' PROCESS-BLOCKS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE FIGURES

BESIDES THOSE IN THE PLATES.

PAGE DI.AGRAM k. Distribution and relationship of the species connected with Inoceramus salomoni ...... 2

FIGs. 1-21. Various species of [noceramus ...... 3 22-26. do. do. do ...... 5 DrACRAM B. Distribution and relationship of. the species connected with Inoceramus neocomiensis ...... 6

FIGs. 27-41. Va~-ious species of'Inoceramus ...... 8

42-45. Do. do. do ..... o ...... 9 46-55. Do. do. do ...... 10 56-64. Do. do do ...... 12 65-75. Do. do. do ...... 14 76-85. Do. do. do ...... 15 86 -92. Do. do. do ...... 17 93 & 94. Do. do. do ...... 19 FIG. 1. Junction-surface of dyke and gneiss ...... 40 2 Gneiss-inclusion, porphyritic in the lower, but not in the upper portion ...... 41 3. Streaky red and green aplitic rock from Castle Cornet (Guernsey) ...... 42

-- Vobster Old Quarry: general view, looking westwards ...... 68 1. Section through Knock Kilbride ...... 82 2. Section through Fox Hill ...... 83

3. Caryocaris kilbridensis, sp. nov...... 100 "COL. LXVHL b ~176176 XVlll PROCESS-BLOCKS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE FIGURES.

FIG. PAGE 1. Outline-map of part of Costa Rica, showing the principal localities ...... 104 2. Diagrammatic section from the slopes of Barba across the San Jos6 Valley to the Cerro Candelaria ...... 114 3. Section across the gorge of the Rio Virilla at E1 Brazil ...... 119 4. Section through the Rio Grande gorge at Cebadilla to the Aguacate Hills ...... 122 5. Diagrammatic section from the Gulf of Nicoya to the Avangares Mines ...... 12S 1. Geological sketch-map of the neighbourhood of Gopeng ...... 141 2. Fault-face of limest,ne, tbrming a cliff" on the eastern face of Gunong Tempurong, near Gopeng ...... 144 3. Diagrammatic section in Kinta Tin-mines ...... 146 4. Section at the Tekka 5fine ...... 149 5. Old tree-trunk lying at the bottom of a cavity filled in with sandy clays, :New Gopeng Mine ...... 150 1. Sketch-map and section illustrating the effect of the Glen- Creran Syncline and Glen-Orchy Anticline upon the recum- bent folds of Ballachulish and Appin ...... 165 2. Geological map of Beinn Udlaidh ...... 168 3. Serial sections across Beinn Udlaidh ...... 169 4. Alternative interpretations of the Beinn-Doirean inversion ... 176 1. Sketch-map of the Llangollen district ...... 184 2. Map of the Morlas-Brook capture ...... 190 3. Sketch-map of the Lower Dee Valley ...... 19~ -- Diagramumtie section of Pickett's-Lock Ballast-pit ...... 214 1. Section from Illshaw ttea'~h through Packwood to Wroxall ... 258

2. Section from Mockley Wood to Rowington and Mousley End. 258 3. Section from Oldberrow to Shrewley ...... 258 4. Section from near Spernall Park to Wolverton ...... 259 5. Section from Morton Bagot to Hampton-in-Arden ...... 259 6. Section along or near the Lapworth & Henley-in-Arden branch of the Great Western ~ailway ...... 260 7. Contour-map of the upper surface of the Arden Sandstone Group of Warwickshire ...... -'270 1. Outline-map of Groby-Village Quarry ...... 282 2. [Diagram illustrating the ' tip' of strata] ...... 286 Map showing the localities where ' moorlog,' etc. was dredged. 3.'25 l&2. Diagrammatic sections across Central Wales ...... 338 PROCESS-BLOCKS AND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE FIGURES. xix

Fro. PAQB 1. Section along the line AB on the map (P1. XXXV.) ...... 350 2. Sketch of a crag at the western end of Mynydd-y-Gader ...... 351 3. Diagram illustrating the relations of the M:ynydd-y-Gader dolerite to the Rhyolitic and Ashy Series ...... 352 4. Diagram illustrating the structure of Mynydd-y-Gader.... 354-55 1. Geological map of the Pedwardine inlier ...... 366 2. Section across the Pedwardine inlier ...... 368 1. Quartz-keratophyres I'rom the Rhindaston and Gignog Group 386 2. Dyke-rocks from the pre-Cambrian and Cambria~ [Pembroke- shire] ...... 389 3. Index-map of North-West Pembrokeshire, showing the areas occupied by pre-Cambrian rocks ...... 399 1. Geological map of the Black-Combe District ...... 404 2. The drift-plain seen from Silecroft Beach ...... 415 3. Section of Boulder Clay near Fell Green, Beetle ...... 417 4. Section in BoL,lder Clay near Wood House, Whitbeck ...... 419 5. Moraine near l=Iigh Corney, Corney Fell ...... 422 6. Pr,~file section of the parallel sequence of marginal channels in the granite north of Bootie ...... 427 7. Profile section of the parallel sequence of marginal channels in the ~.olcanic rocks near Bootie ...... 429 8. The Damkirk Channel, Damkirk Bottom ...... 430 9. The Nettle-Cr~gs Channel, looking northwards ...... 431 10. Bramire-Wood Channel, looking eastw~trds ...... 432 11. Tam Dimples, looking northwards ...... 433 12. The Monk-Foss in-and-out Channel ...... 434 13. Profile section of the Tarn-Dimples and Monk-Foss Channels, and the oversteepened slope of Black Combe ...... 435 14. Plan of the dry drainage-channels on MiIlom Park ...... 436 15. The Knott-Gill marginal channel, looking north-north-eastwards ...... 438 16. Contour-map of the lower part of the Whicham Yalley, illustrating the Glacial Lake ...... 442 17. The mouth oi~ the Whicham Valley, seen from the west ...... 444 18. The Black-Combe hanging valley and corrie, looking westwards ...... : ...... 446 1. Index-map of districts [North-Western Province--Carboni- ferous Limestone Series] ...... 451 2. Vertical section of the succession in the North-Western Province ...... 452 xx PROCESS-BLOCKS JkND OTHER ILLUSTRATIVE FIGURES.

Fro. PAG I 3. Geological map of the Roman-Fel! area ...... 536 4-6. Va~ha~lia cleistop~'oides, gen. et sp. nov ...... 565 7. Spiri/'eri~za lami~osa, showing the delthyrium of the pedicle- valve ...... 572 8--10. Sections of Steuophra.qma lobatum, gen. et sp. nov ...... 574--75 11 & 12. Sections of Ste~wpora compacta, sp. nov ...... 578-79 1. Map of the Permian rocks of Hamstead ...... 644 2. Section of the :New Quarry, Hamstead ...... 645 3. Section from Hamstead Colliery eastwards to the Trias ...... 647 4--8. Comparative vertical sections of the Permian strata in the Hamstead district ...... 652

9. Twig of Walchia piuiformis ...... 656 10. Cast of pith-cavity of Cordaites ...... 657 11 &12. Ichnium spha~odactylum ...... 661 13 & 14. Ichniotherium cott~ ...... 662 15 & 16. Ichnium t~whydactylum ...... 665 17 & 18. Do. do. (ungulatum) ...... 666 19. Saurichnites leisnerianus ...... 666 20 & 21. Ichnium 5rachydaz'tglum ...... 667 22 & 2% Ichnium dolichodactylum ...... 668 24 &25. Ichnium gampsodactylum ...... 671 e 26 & 27. Do. do. (minus) ...... 672 28. Ichnium cf. acrodactylum ...... 674 29. Tracks of crustacea from Itamstead [Permian] ...... 675 2,0. Insect-wing (?), etc., from Hamstead [Permian] ...... 677

Dates of Issue of the Quarterly Journal for 1912. :No. 259--February 29th, 1912. :No. 270--July 8th, 1912. :No. 271--September 12th, 1912. :No. 272--January 13th, 1913.