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St Laurenz Stadtkirche Winterthur In The Pipeline Journal of the Organ Society of Western Australia (Incorporated) Founded 1966 ABN 49 302 148 987 www.oswa.org.au Volume 22, Number 4, November 2018 In The Pipeline—page St Laurenz Stadtkirche Winterthur estimated at over 108,000 people. ,oday Winterthur is a farming, university, service and high-tech industry centre, but many people make use of its pro(imity to Z"rich, which lies appro(imately 20 kilometres to the southwest, and only 20 minutes by train, for both business and semi-rural residential convenience. ,he town was first established by the .oman Empire in the 1st century 01 and by the 3rd century had become a fortified city. ,here were various changes of power as empires wa(ed and waned, and the counts of I have often pondered when it is that Winterthur built 2yburg castle there in you know you have tasted your finest the 10th century. In 1233, control of food, or drunk your finest wine. Surely Winterthur passed to the House of it is a bit like romance, and there are Habsburg and was ruled by the numerous factors that come in to play, 0ustrian Empire. In 1437, the not the least being your state of mind, Habsburgs needed cash and sold state of health, the climate, who you are Winterthur to the city of Z"rich. with, the time of the day, and so on. On 27 6ay 1799, it was the site of the So it must also be when you come to 7a8le of Winterthur between elements declaring that you have found the of the 9rench 0rmy of the 1anube and perfect organ. However, I am confident the elements of the Habsburg army enough to say that under any circumstance I would have to rate the richly appointed and eloquently voiced romantic organ in the Stadtkirche of Winterthur, Swi erland, as the most wonderfully complete and fulfilling pipe organ I have ever encountered. Winterthur is a city in the canton of Z"rich in northern Swi erland at an elevation of 439 metres, relatively low- lying in Swiss terms. It has the country's si(th-largest population, Kyburg Castle, Winterthur, Switzerland In The Pipeline—page 38 during the War of the Second Coalition rebuilt. ,he oldest part, which still in the 9rench .evolutionary Wars. e(ists today, is the .omanesque-early 7ecause Winterthur lies near Z"rich Gothic choir of 1244. ,he nave was and at the junction of seven cross-roads, built between 1508 and 1538, and the the army that held the town held the windows in the nave were replaced by access to most of Swi erland and the neo-Gothic windows of 6a( points crossing the .hine into southern 0um"ller in 1853 E 1853. 0 cemetery Germany. 0lthough the forces involved belonging to, and adjacent to, the were small, the ability of the 0ustrians church was abolished in 1823. to sustain an 11-hour assault against the ,he nave originally contained a rich 9rench line, on the plateau north of interior, which was removed during the Z"rich, resulted in the consolidation of .eformation together with the organ of three 0ustrian forces. ,his led to the the time. In 1344 the pulpit, originally defeat of the 9rench a few days later. in the centre of the rood screen, was It was in the 19th Century that moved to the south column. ,oday's Winterthur became an industrial town, pulpit comes from 9erdinand Stadler for many years being one of the major and was produced in 1854 by a sculptor sites for the Swiss National railway named Egger from 2onstanz. One of industry. In 1998 Swi erland's largest the oldest relics in the church is the bank, and one of the world's largest baptismal font of Hans Conrad 9rei banks, Union 7ank of Swi erland, U7S from the year 1353. ,he 1712 wooden 0G, was founded in Winterthur. So it is ceiling decorated with Fat carvings was not overly surprising that, with all this replaced by a castelated ceiling in 1913. pedigree, Winterthur also has a mighty ,he splendid .omanesque polychrome church at its heart. ,he Evangelical interior painting of the Church was .eformed parish of Winterthur-Stadt created by Paul Zehnder in the years today has 7,000 members, and the 1923 to 1930 and is considered to be the Stadkirche St Laurenz is their parish most important series of ecclesiastical church. paintings of the twentieth century in ,he history of the town church Swi erland. AStadtkirche) of Winterthur dates back to the 7thC8th century, when a simple wooden hall building was built on the square which the town church now occupies. It was replaced by a massive building in the 9th century. In the early 6iddle 0ges, the church fell victim to city fires several times and had to be In The Pipeline—page 39 0 bit of po8ed history is necessary to understand how the present organ came to be in the Stadtkirche. ,he orders for demolition of the Stadtkirche organ and most of its decor came about in 1482 during the .eformation. ,here is no record now of what that organ consisted or by whom it was built. Nevertheless, after the .eformation, this church was the first in the Canton of Zurich to acquire an organ - the Liebfrauenorgel AChoir organ) built in 1733-38 by 2arl Hoseph .iepp Aa Swiss-born 9rench- trained organ builder) for the former magnificent Gothic Cistercian abbey at the Salem 6onastery, located in Germany about 13 kilometres north of 2onstanz. ,his organ had become available on the secularisation of Photo: Bill Van Pelt that institution and in 1808 the Winterthur City Council Hoseph 0nton 9euchtmayer, Hohann purchased it. ,his was a large three- manual instrument with 42 stops, part Georg 1irr and Hohann Georg Wieland. 0fter removal of the Choir organ much of the comple( of organs that had been in the Salem 6onastery church. In its of the rest of the instrument was broken original configuration, the instrument up and what was left of the .iepp organ was modified and rebuilt by 0loys comprised 134 stops and 7,380 pipes which could be sounded together in 6ooser and 9riedrich Haas in 1833-43. four separate but co-joined organs - the In 1888, E. 9. Walcker of Ludwigsburg, ,rinity Organ in the west gallery, the Germany, built a new organ of 53 stops Notre-1ame Organ in the south gallery, in the old case, using some ranks from the ,abernacle Organ in the north the former organs by .iepp, 6ooser, gallery and the Choir Organ in the and Haas. ,he case of the ,rinity north gallery. ,he magnificent cases of Organ remains in the Salem 6onastery three large organs were the work of today, concealing a much more modern In The Pipeline—page 40 In The Pipeline—page 41 romantic organ from 1901. organ in the lower Gallery was Coming back to the story of the organ transferred to the West - it seems that two superimposed galleries on the west in Winterthur, in the spring of 1809 2onstanz organ builder Go8fried wall had been built. 6ooser died 6aucher was engaged to erect the during the renovation, and his sons were not able to complete the work to Liebfrauenorgel on the rood screen which was still in the church at the the satisfaction of the contracting authority. ,herefore, in 1843 they time. ,he organ had to be reduced in size, due to lack of space, to two summoned 9riedrich Haas A1811-1883) divisions and probably li8le or no from Laufenburg in 7aden- Wür8emberg, Germany, who had pedal. 0t some point the ."ckpositiv was transferred to the gallery parapet worked on the organ in its previous because there were problems with wind home, to complete the organ which had supply from the original bellows now grown to 44 registers. system. In 1833, the then most famous ,here were very high e(pectations for organ builder in Swi erland, 0loys this scope of work, especially 6ooser A1770-1839) of 9ribourg, was considering the change of tastes commissioned to repair the deficiencies prevalent at the time, which required caused by the inadequate transplant of changes in pipe ranks and materials. the instrument. 0t the same time, the New stops were added to the e(isting In The Pipeline—page 42 led to the reduction of the instrument to the three manual 53 register organ that had e(isted in 1932. ,his has given rise to the preservation of one of the last great late romantic organ works of the German cultural inFuence in Swi erland and, arguably, resulted in the finest of all the German .omantic Photo: Bill Van Pelt organs still in e(istence. .iepp built his organs in pipework of .ahim, 6ooser and Haas. the 9rench tradition, which can be seen in the facade with the five slender .enewed reconstruction in 1888 by the towers. ,here is the e(ception of the leading organ-building firm E. 9. slightly slipped segmental arch over the Walcker included newly developed small central tower with horizontal cone valve chests. ,his led to the cornices surmounted and joined by four completion of an essentially new organ Fat fields, all slightly concave. ,he task of 52 stops si8ing behind the old facade of the 9eichtmayers was obviously from Salem. 0 reconstruction in 1922C24 brought in playing aids in the form of 7arker levers, and in 1934 was a tonal adjustment under the inFuence of the organ reform movement. ,his brought the organ to a total of 31 stops and, at the same time, electric action was installed.
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