CHARA Array Measurements of the Angular Diameters of Exoplanet
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Nitrogen Abundances in Planet-Harbouring Stars
A&A 418, 703–715 (2004) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20035717 & c ESO 2004 Astrophysics Nitrogen abundances in planet-harbouring stars A. Ecuvillon1, G. Israelian1,N.C.Santos2,3, M. Mayor3,R.J.Garc´ıa L´opez1,4, and S. Randich5 1 Instituto de Astrof´ısica de Canarias, 38200 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 2 Centro de Astronomia e Astrofisica de Universidade de Lisboa, Observatorio Astronomico de Lisboa, Tapada de Ajuda, 1349-018 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Observatoire de Gen`eve, 51 ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland 4 Departamento de Astrof´ısica, Universidad de La Laguna, Av. Astrof´ısico Francisco S´anchez s/n, 38206 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain 5 INAF/Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri, Largo Fermi 5, 50125 Firenze, Italy Received 20 November 2003 / Accepted 4 February 2004 Abstract. We present a detailed spectroscopic analysis of nitrogen abundances in 91 solar-type stars, 66 with and 25 without known planetary mass companions. All comparison sample stars and 28 planet hosts were analysed by spectral synthesis of the near-UV NH band at 3360 Å observed at high resolution with the VLT/UVES, while the near-IR N 7468 Å was measured in 31 objects. These two abundance indicators are in good agreement. We found that nitrogen abundance scales with that of iron in the metallicity range −0.6 < [Fe/H] < +0.4 with the slope 1.08 ± 0.05. Our results show that the bulk of nitrogen production at high metallicities was coupled with iron. We found that the nitrogen abundance distribution in stars with exoplanets is the high [Fe/H] extension of the curve traced by the comparison sample of stars with no known planets. -
Naming the Extrasolar Planets
Naming the extrasolar planets W. Lyra Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, K¨onigstuhl 17, 69177, Heidelberg, Germany [email protected] Abstract and OGLE-TR-182 b, which does not help educators convey the message that these planets are quite similar to Jupiter. Extrasolar planets are not named and are referred to only In stark contrast, the sentence“planet Apollo is a gas giant by their assigned scientific designation. The reason given like Jupiter” is heavily - yet invisibly - coated with Coper- by the IAU to not name the planets is that it is consid- nicanism. ered impractical as planets are expected to be common. I One reason given by the IAU for not considering naming advance some reasons as to why this logic is flawed, and sug- the extrasolar planets is that it is a task deemed impractical. gest names for the 403 extrasolar planet candidates known One source is quoted as having said “if planets are found to as of Oct 2009. The names follow a scheme of association occur very frequently in the Universe, a system of individual with the constellation that the host star pertains to, and names for planets might well rapidly be found equally im- therefore are mostly drawn from Roman-Greek mythology. practicable as it is for stars, as planet discoveries progress.” Other mythologies may also be used given that a suitable 1. This leads to a second argument. It is indeed impractical association is established. to name all stars. But some stars are named nonetheless. In fact, all other classes of astronomical bodies are named. -
Arxiv:0809.1275V2
How eccentric orbital solutions can hide planetary systems in 2:1 resonant orbits Guillem Anglada-Escud´e1, Mercedes L´opez-Morales1,2, John E. Chambers1 [email protected], [email protected], [email protected] ABSTRACT The Doppler technique measures the reflex radial motion of a star induced by the presence of companions and is the most successful method to detect ex- oplanets. If several planets are present, their signals will appear combined in the radial motion of the star, leading to potential misinterpretations of the data. Specifically, two planets in 2:1 resonant orbits can mimic the signal of a sin- gle planet in an eccentric orbit. We quantify the implications of this statistical degeneracy for a representative sample of the reported single exoplanets with available datasets, finding that 1) around 35% percent of the published eccentric one-planet solutions are statistically indistinguishible from planetary systems in 2:1 orbital resonance, 2) another 40% cannot be statistically distinguished from a circular orbital solution and 3) planets with masses comparable to Earth could be hidden in known orbital solutions of eccentric super-Earths and Neptune mass planets. Subject headings: Exoplanets – Orbital dynamics – Planet detection – Doppler method arXiv:0809.1275v2 [astro-ph] 25 Nov 2009 Introduction Most of the +300 exoplanets found to date have been discovered using the Doppler tech- nique, which measures the reflex motion of the host star induced by the planets (Mayor & Queloz 1995; Marcy & Butler 1996). The diverse characteristics of these exoplanets are somewhat surprising. Many of them are similar in mass to Jupiter, but orbit much closer to their 1Carnegie Institution of Washington, Department of Terrestrial Magnetism, 5241 Broad Branch Rd. -
The ELODIE Survey for Northern Extra-Solar Planets?,??,???
A&A 410, 1039–1049 (2003) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20031340 & c ESO 2003 Astrophysics The ELODIE survey for northern extra-solar planets?;??;??? I. Six new extra-solar planet candidates C. Perrier1,J.-P.Sivan2,D.Naef3,J.L.Beuzit1, M. Mayor3,D.Queloz3,andS.Udry3 1 Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Universit´e J. Fourier, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble, France 2 Observatoire de Haute-Provence, 04870 St-Michel L’Observatoire, France 3 Observatoire de Gen`eve, 51 Ch. des Maillettes, 1290 Sauverny, Switzerland Received 17 July 2002 / Accepted 1 August 2003 Abstract. Precise radial-velocity observations at Haute-Provence Observatory (OHP, France) with the ELODIE echelle spec- trograph have been undertaken since 1994. In addition to several discoveries described elsewhere, including and following that of 51 Peg b, they reveal new sub-stellar companions with essentially moderate to long periods. We report here about such companions orbiting five solar-type stars (HD 8574, HD 23596, HD 33636, HD 50554, HD 106252) and one sub-giant star (HD 190228). The companion of HD 8574 has an intermediate period of 227.55 days and a semi-major axis of 0.77 AU. All other companions have long periods, exceeding 3 years, and consequently their semi-major axes are around or above 2 AU. The detected companions have minimum masses m2 sin i ranging from slightly more than 2 MJup to 10.6 MJup. These additional objects reinforce the conclusion that most planetary companions have masses lower than 5 MJup but with a tail of the mass dis- tribution going up above 15 MJup. -
Urania Nr 5/2001
Eta Carinae To zdjęcie mgławicy otaczającej gwiazdę // Carinae uzyskano za po mocą telskopu kosmicznego Hubble a (K. Davidson i J. Mors). Porównując je z innymi zdjęciami, a w szczególności z obrazem wyko nanym 17 miesięcy wcześniej, Auto rzy stwierdzili rozprężanie się mgła wicy z szybkością ok. 2,5 min km/h, co prowadzi do wniosku, że rozpo częła ona swe istnienie około 150 lat temu. To bardzo ciekawy i intrygujący wynik. Otóż największy znany roz błysk )j Carinae miał miejsce w roku 1840. Wtedy gwiazda ta stała się naj jaśniejszą gwiazdą południowego nie ba i jasność jej przez krótki czas znacznie przewyższała blask gwiaz dy Canopus. Jednak pyłowy dysk ob serwowany wokół)/ Carinae wydaje się być znacznie młodszy - jego wiek (ekspansji) jest oceniany na 100 lat, co może znaczyć, że powstał w cza sie innego, mniejszego wybuchu ob serwowanego w roku 1890. Więcej na temat tego intrygują cego obiektu przeczytać można we wnątrz numeru, w artykule poświę conym tej gwieździe. NGC 6537 Obserwacje przeprowadzone teleskopem Hubble’a pokazały istnienie wielkich falowych struktur w mgławicy Czerwonego Pająka (NGC 6537) w gwiazdozbiorze Strzelca.Ta gorąca i „wietrzna” mgławica powstała wokół jednej z najgorętszych gwiazd Wszech świata, której wiatr gwiazdowy wiejący z prędkością 2000-4500 kilometrów na sekundę wytwarza fale o wysokości 100 miliardów kilometrów. Sama mgławica rozszerza się z szybkością 300 km/s. Jest też ona wyjątkowo gorąca — ok. 10000 K. Sama gwiazda, która utworzyła mgławicę, jest obecnie białym karłem i musi mieć temperaturę nie niższą niż pół miliona stopni — jest tak gorąca, że nie widać jej w obszarach uzyskanych teleskopem Hubble’a, a świeci głównie w promieniowaniu X. -
Redox DAS Artist List for Period: 01.10.2017
Page: 1 Redox D.A.S. Artist List for period: 01.10.2017 - 31.10.2017 Date time: Number: Title: Artist: Publisher Lang: 01.10.2017 00:02:40 HD 60753 TWO GHOSTS HARRY STYLES ANG 01.10.2017 00:06:22 HD 05631 BANKS OF THE OHIO OLIVIA NEWTON JOHN ANG 01.10.2017 00:09:34 HD 60294 BITE MY TONGUE THE BEACH ANG 01.10.2017 00:13:16 HD 26897 BORN TO RUN SUZY QUATRO ANG 01.10.2017 00:18:12 HD 56309 CIAO CIAO KATARINA MALA SLO 01.10.2017 00:20:55 HD 34821 OCEAN DRIVE LIGHTHOUSE FAMILY ANG 01.10.2017 00:24:41 HD 08562 NISEM JAZ SLAVKO IVANCIC SLO 01.10.2017 00:28:29 HD 59945 LEPE BESEDE PROTEUS SLO 01.10.2017 00:31:20 HD 03206 BLAME IT ON THE WEATHERMAN B WITCHED ANG 01.10.2017 00:34:52 HD 16013 OD TU NAPREJ NAVDIH TABU SLO 01.10.2017 00:38:14 HD 06982 I´M EVERY WOMAN WHITNEY HOUSTON ANG 01.10.2017 00:43:05 HD 05890 CRAZY LITTLE THING CALLED LOVE QUEEN ANG 01.10.2017 00:45:37 HD 57523 WHEN I WAS A BOY JEFF LYNNE (ELO) ANG 01.10.2017 00:48:46 HD 60269 MESTO (FEAT. VESNA ZORNIK) BREST SLO 01.10.2017 00:52:21 HD 06008 DEEPLY DIPPY RIGHT SAID FRED ANG 01.10.2017 00:55:35 HD 06012 UNCHAINED MELODY RIGHTEOUS BROTHERS ANG 01.10.2017 00:59:10 HD 60959 OKNA ORLEK SLO 01.10.2017 01:03:56 HD 59941 SAY SOMETHING LOVING THE XX ANG 01.10.2017 01:07:51 HD 15174 REAL GOOD LOOKING BOY THE WHO ANG 01.10.2017 01:13:37 HD 59654 RECI MI DA MANOUCHE SLO 01.10.2017 01:16:47 HD 60502 SE PREPOZNAS SHEBY SLO 01.10.2017 01:20:35 HD 06413 MARGUERITA TIME STATUS QUO ANG 01.10.2017 01:23:52 HD 06388 MAMA SPICE GIRLS ANG 01.10.2017 01:27:25 HD 02680 HIGHER GROUND ERIC CLAPTON ANG 01.10.2017 01:31:20 HD 59929 NE POZABI, DA SI LEPA LUKA SESEK & PROPER SLO 01.10.2017 01:34:57 HD 02131 BONNIE & CLYDE JAY-Z FEAT. -
Estimation of the XUV Radiation Onto Close Planets and Their Evaporation⋆
A&A 532, A6 (2011) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201116594 & c ESO 2011 Astrophysics Estimation of the XUV radiation onto close planets and their evaporation J. Sanz-Forcada1, G. Micela2,I.Ribas3,A.M.T.Pollock4, C. Eiroa5, A. Velasco1,6,E.Solano1,6, and D. García-Álvarez7,8 1 Departamento de Astrofísica, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), ESAC Campus, PO Box 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain e-mail: [email protected] 2 INAF – Osservatorio Astronomico di Palermo G. S. Vaiana, Piazza del Parlamento, 1, 90134, Palermo, Italy 3 Institut de Ciènces de l’Espai (CSIC-IEEC), Campus UAB, Fac. de Ciències, Torre C5-parell-2a planta, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain 4 XMM-Newton SOC, European Space Agency, ESAC, Apartado 78, 28691 Villanueva de la Cañada, Madrid, Spain 5 Dpto. de Física Teórica, C-XI, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain 6 Spanish Virtual Observatory, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), ESAC Campus, Madrid, Spain 7 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, 38205 La Laguna, Spain 8 Grantecan CALP, 38712 Breña Baja, La Palma, Spain Received 27 January 2011 / Accepted 1 May 2011 ABSTRACT Context. The current distribution of planet mass vs. incident stellar X-ray flux supports the idea that photoevaporation of the atmo- sphere may take place in close-in planets. Integrated effects have to be accounted for. A proper calculation of the mass loss rate through photoevaporation requires the estimation of the total irradiation from the whole XUV (X-rays and extreme ultraviolet, EUV) range. Aims. The purpose of this paper is to extend the analysis of the photoevaporation in planetary atmospheres from the accessible X-rays to the mostly unobserved EUV range by using the coronal models of stars to calculate the EUV contribution to the stellar spectra. -
• August the 26Th 2004 Detection of the Radial-Velocity Signal Induced by OGLE-TR-111 B Using UVES/FLAMES on the VLT (See Pont Et Al
2004 • August the 26th 2004 Detection of the radial-velocity signal induced by OGLE-TR-111 b using UVES/FLAMES on the VLT (see Pont et al. 2004, A&A in press, astro-ph/0408499). • August the 25th 2004 TrES-1b: A new transiting exoplanet detected by the Trans-Atlantic Exoplanet Survey (TreS) team . (see Boulder Press release or Alonso et al.) • August the 25th 2004 HD 160691 c : A 14 Earth-mass planet detected with HARPS (see ESO Press Release or Santos et al.) • July the 8th 2004 HD 37605 b: The first extra-solar planet detected with HRS on the Hobby- Eberly Telescope (Cochran et al.) • May the 3rd 2004 HD 219452 Bb withdrawn by Desidera et al. • April the 28th 2004 Orbital solution for OGLE-TR-113 confirmed by Konacki et al • April the 15th 2004 OGLE 2003-BLG-235/MOA 2003-BLG-53: a planetary microlensing event (Bond et al.) • April the 14th 2004 FLAMES-UVES spectroscopic orbits for two OGLE III transiting candidates: OGLE-TR-113 and OGLE-TR-132 (Bouchy et al.) • February 2004 Detection of Carbon and Oxygen in the evaporating atmosphere of HD 209458 b by A. Vidal-Madjar et al. (from HST observations). • January the 5th 2004 Two planets orbiting giant stars announced by Mitchell et al. during the AAS meeting: HD 59686 b and 91 Aqr b (HD 219499 b). Two other more massive companions, Tau Gem b (HD 54719 b) and nu Oph b (HD 163917 b), have also been announced by the same authors. 2003 • December 2003 First planet detected with HARPS: HD 330075 b (see Mayor et al., in the ESO Messenger No 114) • July the 3rd 2003 A long-period planet on a circular orbit around HD 70642 announced by the AAT team (Carter et al. -
Stability of Planets in Triple Star Systems F
A&A 619, A91 (2018) Astronomy https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201833097 & © ESO 2018 Astrophysics Stability of planets in triple star systems F. Busetti1, H. Beust2, and C. Harley1 1 University of the Witwatersrand, CSAM, Private Bag 3, 2050 Johannesburg, South Africa e-mail: [email protected] 2 Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IPAG, 38000 Grenoble, France e-mail: [email protected] Received 25 March 2018 / Accepted 27 August 2018 ABSTRACT Context. Numerous theoretical studies of the stellar dynamics of triple systems have been carried out, but fewer purely empirical studies that have addressed planetary orbits within these systems. Most of these empirical studies have been for coplanar orbits and with a limited number of orbital parameters. Aims. Our objective is to provide a more generalized empirical mapping of the regions of planetary stability in triples by considering both prograde and retrograde motion of planets and the outer star; investigating highly inclined orbits of the outer star; extending the parameters used to all relevant orbital elements of the triple’s stars and expanding these elements and mass ratios to wider ranges that will accommodate recent and possibly future observational discoveries. Methods. Using N-body simulations, we integrated numerically the various four-body configurations over the parameter space, using a symplectic integrator designed specifically for the integration of hierarchical multiple stellar systems. The triples were then reduced to binaries and the integrations repeated to highlight the differences between these two types of system. Results. This established the regions of secular stability and resulted in 24 semi-empirical models describing the stability bounds for planets in each type of triple orbital configuration. -
Herschel Observations and Updated Spectral Energy Distributions of Five Sunlike Stars with Debris Disks
HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS AND UPDATED SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF FIVE SUNLIKE STARS WITH DEBRIS DISKS Item Type Article Authors Dodson-Robinson, Sarah E.; Su, Kate Y. L.; Bryden, Geoff; Harvey, Paul; Green, Joel D. Citation HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS AND UPDATED SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF FIVE SUNLIKE STARS WITH DEBRIS DISKS 2016, 833 (2):183 The Astrophysical Journal DOI 10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/183 Publisher IOP PUBLISHING LTD Journal The Astrophysical Journal Rights © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Download date 05/10/2021 14:00:39 Item License http://rightsstatements.org/vocab/InC/1.0/ Version Final published version Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622672 The Astrophysical Journal, 833:183 (11pp), 2016 December 20 doi:10.3847/1538-4357/833/2/183 © 2016. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. HERSCHEL OBSERVATIONS AND UPDATED SPECTRAL ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS OF FIVE SUNLIKE STARS WITH DEBRIS DISKS Sarah E. Dodson-Robinson1,KateY.L.Su2, Geoff Bryden3, Paul Harvey4, and Joel D. Green4,5 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Delaware, 217 Sharp Lab, Newark, DE 19716, USA; [email protected] 2 Steward Observatory, Department of Astronomy, University of Arizona, 933 North Cherry Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA 3 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA 4 Astronomy Department, University of Texas, 2515 Speedway Drive C1400, Austin, TX 78712, USA 5 Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA Received 2016 July 25; revised 2016 September 29; accepted 2016 October 1; published 2016 December 16 ABSTRACT Observations from the Herschel Space Observatory have more than doubled the number of wide debris disks orbiting Sunlike stars to include over 30 systems with R>100 AU. -
The ELODIE Survey for Northern Extra--Solar Planets I. 6 New Extra--Solar Planet Candidates
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. June 23, 2021 (DOI: will be inserted by hand later) The ELODIE survey for northern extra–solar planets⋆ ⋆⋆ I. 6 new extra–solar planet candidates C. Perrier1, J.-P. Sivan2, D. Naef3, J.L. Beuzit1, M. Mayor3, D. Queloz3, and S. Udry3 1 Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Universit´eJ. Fourier, BP 53, F–38041 Grenoble, France 2 Observatoire de Haute-Provence, F–04870 St-Michel L’Observatoire, France 3 Observatoire de Gen`eve, 51 ch. des Maillettes, CH–1290 Sauverny, Switzerland Received / Accepted Abstract. Precise radial–velocity observations at Haute–Provence Observatory (OHP, France) with the ELODIE echelle spectrograph have been undertaken since 1994. In addition to several discoveries described elsewhere, including and following that of 51 Peg b, they reveal new sub–stellar companions with essentially moderate to long periods. We report here about such companions orbiting five solar–type stars (HD 8574, HD 23596, HD 33636, HD 50554, HD 106252) and one sub–giant star (HD 190228). The companion of HD 8574 has an intermediate period of 227.55 days and a semi–major axis of 0.77 AU. All other companions have long periods, exceeding 3 years, and consequently their semi–major axes are around or above 2 AU. The detected companions have minimum masses m2 sin i ranging from slightly more than 2 MJup to 10.6 MJup. These additional objects reinforce the conclusion that most planetary companions have masses lower than 5 MJup but with a tail of the mass distribution going up above 15 MJup. The orbits are all eccentric and 4 out of 6 have an eccentricity of the order of 0.5. -
Statistical Properties of Habitable Zones in Stellar Binary Systems
Draft version October 13, 2020 Typeset using LATEX preprint style in AASTeX63 Statistical properties of Habitable zones in stellar binary systems Paolo Simonetti,1, 2 Giovanni Vladilo,2 Laura Silva,2 and Alessandro Sozzetti3 1University of Trieste - Dep. of Physics, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy 2INAF - Trieste Astronomical Observatory, Via G. B. Tiepolo 11, 34143 Trieste, Italy 3INAF - Torino Astrophysical Observatory, Via Osservatorio 20, 10025 Pino Torinese, Italy (Accepted October 13, 2020) Submitted to ApJ ABSTRACT Observations of exoplanets and protoplanetary disks show that binary stellar systems can host planets in stable orbits. Given the high binary fraction among stars, the contribution of binary systems to Galactic habitability should be quantified. Therefore, we have designed a suite of Monte Carlo experiments aimed at generating large (up to 106) samples of binary systems. For each system randomly extracted we calculate the intersection between the radiative habitable zones and the regions of dynamical stability using published empirical formulations that account for the dynamical and radiative parameters of both stars of the system. We also consider constraints on planetary formation in binary systems. We find that the habitability properties of circumstellar and circumbinary regions are quite different and complementary with respect to the binary system parameters. Circumbinary HZs are, generally, rare (' 4%) in the global population of binary systems, even if they are common for stellar separations . 0:2 AU. Conversely, circumstellar HZs are frequent (≥ 80%) in the global population, but are rare for stellar separations . 1 AU. These results are robust against variations of poorly constrained binary systems parameters.