The Study of Drama English Literature Guide for Unit AS 1: the Study of Drama Internally Assessed Component

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Study of Drama English Literature Guide for Unit AS 1: the Study of Drama Internally Assessed Component Guide for Unit AS1 The Study of Drama English Literature Guide for Unit AS 1: The Study of Drama Internally Assessed Component Detail of Unit AS 1 can be found on pages 6 and 7 of the GCE Literature specification. Guidance on Internal Assessment begins on page 18 of the specification. Texts should be taught for themselves and for the pleasure of experiencing meaning which arises between text and reader. However, teachers will want to take responsibility for directing candidates' focus towards those aspects of the text which will give rise to an appropriate assignment title, and thus allow candidates to fulfil their potential by addressing the relevant Assessment Objectives. Assignment titles should be negotiated between candidate and teacher. Candidates should be encouraged to follow up their interests and also to frame their assignment task within the terms of the Assessment Objectives. Consideration of the process of task setting should ensure that candidates are engaged in their work, and also that they address the issues which can be rewarded through the mark scheme for this section of the specification. A word limit of 1,500 words is recommended for each task. Section A: The Study of Shakespeare The aim of Section A is to introduce candidates to a detailed textual study of one Shakespeare play and the contexts in which it was written, thereby enabling candidates to express informed and relevant responses to Shakespeare. Candidates will be expected to demonstrate, depending on the play chosen for study, relevant knowledge of generic conventions and display critical understanding of the ways in which Shakespeare’s stagecraft and dramatic methods, such as structure, form and language shape meaning. There should be an understanding of the ways in which Shakespeare’s drama is determined by the social and historical context in which it was written. AOs being assessed • AO2 - demonstrate detailed critical understanding in analysing the ways in which structure, form and language shape meanings in literary texts; • AO4 - demonstrate understanding of the significance and influence of the contexts in which literary texts are written and received. It is anticipated that candidates’ awareness of literary concepts and terminology (AO1) will be a learning outcome of this study however the assessment will focus on AO2 and AO4. Task setting The most effective tasks are likely to have the key terms of the Assessment Objectives embedded within the stem of the title. Further guidance can be provided within bullet points ensuring that candidates focus both on methods and on context. It is helpful to candidates that the elements of method, language (including imagery), tone, form and structure are explicitly included in the question. Similarly, it is helpful to candidates that consideration of a particular contextual feature be specified within the stem or bullet points. In particular, in keeping with the focus of this Unit, "The Study of Drama", candidates should be directed to consider the writer's stagecraft and dramatic methods. Candidates should be directed to consider the specific contexts in which the writer's work was written and has been performed and received. Critical and analytical writing are expected in this section. Section B: The Study of a Twentieth Century Dramatist The aim of Section B is to give candidates the opportunity to compare and contrast two texts by an individual dramatist, affording candidates opportunities to reflect creatively on aspects of this playwright’s work. Candidates will articulate informed and relevant creative responses to a dramatist whose work has impacted significantly on the dramatic genre during the twentieth and/or twenty-first centuries. AOs being assessed • AO1 - articulate creative, informed and relevant responses to literary texts, using appropriate terminology and concepts, and coherent, accurate written expression; • AO3 - explore connections and comparisons between different literary texts. Task setting It is helpful to candidates that relationships between the two plays are clearly built into the assignment task chosen. AO1 requires informed responses to the works studied and the task chosen should allow candidates to demonstrate their awareness of the plays as whole texts. It is helpful to candidates that they are encouraged to select among a range of approaches to the two texts studied. Creative approaches might consider: • an account of plans for staging the two plays, or scenes from the two plays, allowing opportunities for comparison and contrast; • developing additional scenes, for example: where a character from one play faces a situation drawn from the other play; where a character from one play meets a character from the other play; where a dramatic technique (e.g. dream sequence, flashback) is taken from one play and employed in the other play. In creative tasks AO1 requires the use of terminology and concepts appropriate to the task e.g. if developing an additional scene language should be appropriate to the playwright and/or character. Informed creative writing is expected in this section. Summary AS Unit 1 engages candidates in opportunities to write at length and with focus on a range of texts and to find a sense of personal engagement with advanced level study. It is also important that teachers guide candidates carefully in the selection of tasks so that they also benefit from the opportunity to develop their analytical and writing skills to advanced level. Candidates will be expected to ensure that: • text is legible and that spelling, punctuation and grammar are accurate so that meaning is clear; • a form and style of writing is selected which is appropriate to purpose; • an appropriate Bibliography and Webography are appended to each assignment. Teacher Supervision of Internal Assessment Task setting When planning the assignment it is expected that the teacher will give guidance to the candidate on the requirements of the tasks. This guidance may include: • discussion on an appropriate title; • research techniques; • advice on structuring an assignment; • recommended reading; • time management and planning; Drafting The responsibility for developing a piece of work is entirely the students. Students should have opportunities to develop their work following discussions with the teacher or with other members of the class. At no time should a teacher provide a detailed structure for a coursework assignment or correct an assignment in detail and return it to the student to write up a fair copy. Teachers can: • review the assignment with the candidate – discuss the appropriateness of the title; content; structure; references. Teachers should not: • give detailed indication of errors or omissions; • give advice on specific improvements needed to meet the criteria; • give outlines, paragraph or section headings, or writing frames for the assignment; • personally intervene to improve the content or presentation of the assignment. Generally one review would be expected to be sufficient to enable candidates to understand the demands of the assessment criteria. Final submission Once a student has handed in an assignment and a mark has been awarded to it, that mark is final and no further work should be carried out by the student. Adapting coursework after it has been submitted for final assessment would constitute malpractice. Referencing Students should acknowledge sources and references in a bibliography at the end of each assignment. If candidates use the same wording as a published source, they must place quotation marks around the passage and state where it came from. Candidates must give detailed references even where they paraphrase the original author Lack of referencing by students should be identified by the teacher in early drafts of coursework. Use of sources which have not been acknowledged should be regarded as plagiarism and the student’s work assessed accordingly. Annotation Written coursework must include: • the teacher’s comments and corrections; • a mark for each assignment assessed; • key comments or use of symbols such as appropriate ticks etc throughout the text; • a succinct summative comment based on the assessment criteria at the end of the piece; • annotation or information on the extent of advice given to the candidate, which helped inform the mark awarded. Authentication Centres must authenticate the work as being that of the individual candidate. The candidate record sheet must be signed by both the candidate and the teacher. If a candidate requires additional assistance in order to demonstrate aspects of the assessment criteria, the teacher should award a mark which represents the candidate’s unaided achievement. The authentication statement should be signed and relevant information given on the Candidate Record Sheet. Compiling a Bibliography and Webography Candidates must include a bibliography which lists the full details of publications used to research and support their coursework, even where these are not directly referred to. References to a printed book or journal should show the name of the author, the year of publication, the title, and the publisher e.g. Morrison, A (2000) Mary Queen of Scots, London: Weston Press. References to internet material must give the precise page, not the search engine used to locate it. This can be copied from the address line e.g. www.ccea.org.uk/english_literature/gce_revised/support/index.asp Further guidance on conducting internal assessment and drawing up centre procedures for same is available from www.jcq.org.uk/exams_office (the Joint Council for Qualifications website). .
Recommended publications
  • MODERN BRITISH LITERATURE (C. 1900 to 1950) READING LIST
    MODERN BRITISH LITERATURE (c. 1900 to 1950) READING LIST Please note that there are two lists below. The first is the full list with the core readings in bold; the second is the core list separated out. You are responsible for all core readings and may incorporate readings from the full list into your tailored list. Unless otherwise noted, selections separated by commas indicate all works students should know. A. FICTION Beckett, Samuel. One of the following: Murphy, Watt, Molloy Bennett, Arnold. Clayhanger Bowen, Elizabeth. The Heat of the Day Butler, Samuel. The Way of All Flesh Chesterton, G.K. The Man Who Was Thursday Conrad, Joseph. Heart of Darkness AND one of: Lord Jim, The Secret Agent, Nostromo, Under Western Eyes Ford, Ford Madox. The Good Soldier Forster, E. M. Howards End, A Passage to India (plus the essays “What I Believe” and “The Challenge of Our Times” in Two Cheers for Democracy) Galsworthy, John. The Man of Property Greene, Graham. One of: Brighton Rock, The Power and the Glory, The Heart of the Matter Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World Joyce, James. Dubliners, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, Ulysses Kipling, Rudyard. Kim Lawrence, D. H. Two of: Sons and Lovers, Women in Love, The Rainbow, The Plumed Serpent Lewis, Wyndham. Tarr, manifestos in BLAST 1 Mansfield, Katherine. “Prelude,” “At the Bay,” “The Garden Party,” “The Daughters of the Late Colonel” (in Collected Stories) Orwell, George. 1984 (or Aldous Huxley, Brave New World) Wells, H. G. One of the following: Ann Veronica, Tono-Bungay, The New Machiavelli West, Rebecca.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to British Literature By: Patrick Mccann V 1.0 INTRODUCTION to BRITISH LITERATURE
    Introduction to British Literature By: Patrick McCann v 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO BRITISH LITERATURE INSTRUCTIONS Welcome to your Continental Academy course “Introducti on to British Literature”. It is m ade up of 6 individual lessons, as listed in the Table of Contents. Each lesson includes practice questions with answers. You will progress through this course one lesson at a time, at your own pace. First, study the lesson thoroughly. Then, complete the lesson reviews at the end of the lesson and carefully che ck your answers. Sometimes, those answers will contain information that you will need on the graded lesson assignments. When you are ready, complete the 10-question, multiple choice lesson assignment. At the end of each lesson, you will find notes to help you prepare for the online assignments. All lesson assignments are open-book. Continue working on the lessons at your own pace until you have finished all lesson assignments for this course. When you have completed and passed all lesson assignments for this course, complete the End of Course Examination. If you need help understanding any part of the lesson, practice questions, or this procedure: Click on the “Send a Message” link on the left side of the home page Select “Academic Guidance” in the “To” field Type your question in the field provided Then, click on the “Send” button You will receive a response within ONE BUSINESS DAY 2 INTRODUCTION TO BRITISH LITERATURE About the Author… Mr. Patrick McCann taught English (Language and Literature) 9 through 12 for the past 13 years in the Prince Georges County (MD) school system.
    [Show full text]
  • Study Material for Ba English History of English Literature
    STUDY MATERIAL FOR B.A ENGLISH HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE - II SEMESTER - IV, ACADEMIC YEAR 2020 - 21 UNIT CONTENT PAGE NO I AGE OF JHONSON-EIGHTEENTH CENTURY PROSE 02 AGE OF WORDSWORTH- EARLY NINTEENTH CENTURY II 04 POETS (THE ROMANTICS) AGE OF TENNYSON- NINETEENTH CENTURY NOVELISTS III 05 (VICTORIAN NOVELISTS) IV AGE OF HARDY 07 V THE PRESENT AGE 09 Page 1 of 12 STUDY MATERIAL FOR B.A ENGLISH HISTORY OF ENGLISH LITERATURE - II SEMESTER - IV, ACADEMIC YEAR 2020 - 21 UNIT - I EIGHTEENTH CENTURY PROSE DANIEL DEFOE (1659-1731) Daniel Defoe wrote in bulk. His greatest work is the novel Robinson Crusoe. It is based on an actual event which took place during his time. Robinson Crusoe is considered to be one of the most popular novels in English language. He started a journal named The Review. His A Journal of the Plague Year deals with the Plague in London in 1665. Sir Richard Steele and Joseph Addison worked together for many years. Richard Steele started the periodicals The Tatler, The Spectator, The Guardian, The English Man, and The Reader. Joseph Addison contributed in these periodicals and wrote columns. The imaginary character of Sir Roger de Coverley was very popular during the eighteenth century. Jonathan Swift (1667-1745) is one of the greatest satirists of English literature. His first noteworthy book was The Battle of the Books. A Tale of a Tub is a religious allegory like Bunyan‟s Pilgrim’s Progress. His longest and most famous work is Gulliver’s Travels. Another important work of Jonathan Swift is A Modest Proposal.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Victorian and Twentieth-Century Literature Heesok Chang
    Introduction to Victorian and Twentieth-Century Literature Heesok Chang Unlike the preceding three volumes in this Companion to British Literature – the Medieval, Early Modern, and Long Eighteenth Century – the current one attempts to cover at least two distinct periods: the Victorian and the Twentieth Century. To make matters more difficult, the second of these hardly counts as a single period; it is less an epoch than a placeholder. In terms of periodization, the Victorian era is succeeded – or some might say, overthrown – by the Modern. But modernism is not capacious enough to encompass the various kinds of literary art that emerged in Britain following World War II, the postmodern and the postcolonial, for example. We could follow the lead of recent scholars and expand the modernist period beyond the “high” to include the “late” and arguably the “post” as well. But this conceptual as well as temporal expansion does not take in the vital British literature written from the 1970s onward, an historical era distinct from the “postwar” that critics refer to, for now, as the “contemporary” (see English 2006). Of course, all periods are designated after they have finished, including the Victo- rian, which was very much a modernist creation. Yet it is unlikely we will come to call the period stretching from the middle of the last century to the early decades of the new millennium, from the breakup of Britain’s empire to the devolution of Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland, “Elizabethan.” And this despite the Victo- rian longevity of the Windsor monarch’s reign. The queen is one and the same, but the national culture is anything but.
    [Show full text]
  • The Influence of British and American Cultural Differences on English and American Literature Review Jiao
    2016 4th International Conference on Advances in Social Science, Humanities, and Management (ASSHM 2016) ISBN: 978-1-60595-412-7 The Influence of British and American Cultural Differences on English and American Literature Review Jiao Lei1 Abstract In an era of globalization, cross-cultural communication is not strange to us with studying and travelling abroad, and even immigration becoming a part of our lives. In such an era of international communication being increasingly frequent, learning the culture of other countries will help us to do well in international communication. The paper is going to study, from the British and American history and culture, the differences of all kinds of their present acts in the world and impacts of the historical reasons on their own citizens, to not only let the reader understand the cultural differences between these two countries, but also to get the cause of the difference to better understand their cultures. Key words: British and American Culture; Religion; Literature Review 1 INTRODUCTION First of all, we are going to talk about the homology of British and American culture which is undeniable. British culture is the root and source of American culture with the United Kingdom people accounting for a very large proportion of the early settlers of the United States. Let nature take its course, they brought their culture, their personalities, ways of thinking to this new continent. Moreover, in the major historical events of modern times, many cooperation has occurred in these two countries which brought many common points in their cultural exchanges. However, there is a large difference between these two countries regarding to their own history: the history of Britain is longer than the United States’, because before the industrial revolution, Britain has a long period of agriculture civilization, and much British people's cultural life has been influenced by the upper class of French due to the French occupation.
    [Show full text]
  • A History of English Literature MICHAEL ALEXANDER
    A History of English Literature MICHAEL ALEXANDER [p. iv] © Michael Alexander 2000 All rights reserved. No reproduction, copy or transmission of this publication may be made without written permission. No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted save with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, or under the terms of any licence permitting limited copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W 1 P 0LP. Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages. The author has asserted his right to be identified as the author of this work in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. First published 2000 by MACMILLAN PRESS LTD Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS and London Companies and representatives throughout the world ISBN 0-333-91397-3 hardcover ISBN 0-333-67226-7 paperback A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed and sustained forest sources. 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 09 08 07 06 05 04 03 02 O1 00 Typeset by Footnote Graphics, Warminster, Wilts Printed in Great Britain by Antony Rowe Ltd, Chippenham, Wilts [p. v] Contents Acknowledgements The harvest of literacy Preface Further reading Abbreviations 2 Middle English Literature: 1066-1500 Introduction The new writing Literary history Handwriting
    [Show full text]
  • English Literature Major and Minor Revised: 06/2019
    English Literature Major and Minor www.English.Pitt.edu Revised: 06/2019 Your love of reading and the infinite worlds that books contain might be the door to a future full of possibilities. English Literature majors work closely with faculty to develop versatile skills in critical thought and problem solving by exploring the literary past and present— from Harry Potter to Hamlet and from Sherlock Holmes to Katniss Everdeen. Prepare yourself for an increasingly globalized world of professional employment and cultural interaction through an immense variety of course offerings, which can also be complemented by electives in English composition, creative writing, and film. Choose from among five subject areas, or “concentrations,” and take charge of your preparation for post-graduate career paths while immersing yourself in and analyzing many of the greatest works ever written. The skills you master as an English Literature major will go with you to classrooms, boardrooms, or operating rooms. Required courses for the English Literature Advanced courses major ENGLIT 1900 Project Seminar ENGLIT 1910 Senior Seminar The English literature major requires the completion of 36 credits distributed as follows. Students must choose one of the concentrations described as follows. Students who declare this Grade requirements major after April 1, 2016 must follow the requirements laid out in A GPA of 2.0 in departmental courses is required for graduation. this document. Satisfactory/No Credit option Introductory courses There is no limit on the number of courses in the major that can be ENGLIT 0506 Literary Field Studies taken on an S/NC basis. Two period courses, to be selected from the list of Writing (W) requirement approved courses for the student’s chosen English literature majors automatically fulfill both of the Dietrich concentration.
    [Show full text]
  • An Introduction to the Medieval English: the Historical and Literary Context, Traces of Church and Philosophical Movements in the Literature
    Advances in Language and Literary Studies ISSN: 2203-4714 Vol. 8 No. 1; February 2017 Australian International Academic Centre, Australia F l o u r is h i ng Cr ea ti v it y & L it e r ac y An Introduction to the Medieval English: The Historical and Literary Context, Traces of Church and Philosophical Movements in the Literature Esmail Zare Behtash English Language Department, Faculty of Management and Humanities, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Seyyed Morteza Hashemi Toroujeni (Correspondence author) English Languages Department, Faculty of Management and Humanities, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Farzane Safarzade Samani English Language Department, Faculty of Management and Humanities, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran E-mail: [email protected] Doi:10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.1p.143 Received: 19/10/2016 URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.1p.143 Accepted: 23/01/2017 Abstract The Transition from Greek to medieval philosophy that speculated on religion, nature, metaphysics, human being and society was rather a rough transition in the history of English literature. Although the literature content of this age reflected more religious beliefs, the love and hate relationship of medieval philosophy that was mostly based on the Christianity with Greek civilization was exhibited clearly. The modern philosophical ideologies are the continuation of this period’s ideologies. Without a well understanding of the philosophical issues related to this age, it is not possible to understand the modern ones well. The catholic tradition as well as the religious reform against church called Protestantism was organized in this age.
    [Show full text]
  • Romanticism from the Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature Drabble, Margaret, 1939-; Stringer, Jenny; Hahn, Daniel (Eds)
    Romanticism from The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature Drabble, Margaret, 1939-; Stringer, Jenny; Hahn, Daniel (eds). Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007 Do not reply to this email. If you have any comments or queries, please contact us (http://literature.proquest.com/infoCentre/webmaster.jsp). Article Text: Romanticism A profound and irreversible transformation in artistic styles, in cultural attitudes, and in the relations between artist and society is evident in Western literature and other arts in the first half of the 19th cent. In Britain, a stark contrast appears between representative works of the preceding Augustan age and those of leading figures in what became known as the Romantic movement or "Romantic Revival" in the period from about 1780 to about 1848 (the "Romantic period"): Blake, Burns, Wordsworth, Coleridge, Southey, Scott, Byron, Shelley, Keats, Hazlitt, De Quincey, Carlyle, E. Brontë and C. Brontë. To define the general character or basic principle of this momentous shift, which later historians have called Romanticism, though, is notoriously difficult, partly because the Romantic temperament itself resisted the very impulse of definition, favouring the indefinite and the boundless. In the most abstract terms, Romanticism may be regarded as the triumph of the values of imaginative spontaneity, visionary originality, wonder, and emotional self-expression over the classical standards of balance, order, restraint, proportion, and objectivity. Its name derives from romance, the literary form in which desires and dreams prevail over everyday realities. Romanticism arose from a period of wider turbulence, euphoria, and uncertainty. Political and intellectual movements of the late 18th cent. encouraged the assertion of individual and national rights, denying legitimacy (forcibly in the American and French Revolutions) to kings and courtiers.
    [Show full text]
  • Paper 4 Romanticism: the French Revolution and After And
    Paper IV Unit I Romanticism: The French Revolution and After and Romantic Themes 1.1. Introduction During the second half of the 18th century economic and social changes took place in England. The country went through the so-called Industrial Revolution when new industries sprang up and new processes were applied to the manufacture of traditional products. During the reign of King George III (1760-1820) the face of England changed. The factories were built, the industrial development was marked by an increase in the export of finished cloth rather than of raw material, coal and iron industries developed. Internal communications were largely funded. The population increased from 7 million to 14 million people. Much money was invested in road- and canal-building. The first railway line which was launched in 1830 from Liverpool to Manchester allowed many people inspired by poets of Romanticism to discover the beauty of their own country. Just as we understand the tremendous energizing influence of Puritanism in the matter of English liberty by remembering that the common people had begun to read, and that their book was the bible, so we may understand this age of popular government by remembering that the chief subject of romantic literature was the essential nobleness of common men and the value of the individual. As we read now that brief portion of history which lies between the Declaration of Independence (1776) and the English Reform Bill of 1832, we are in the presence of such mighty political upheavals that “the age of revolution” is the only name by which we can adequately characterize it.
    [Show full text]
  • Irish Literature: a Brief Survey William T
    University of Rhode Island DigitalCommons@URI Technical Services Department Faculty Publications Technical Services 1990 Irish Literature: A Brief Survey William T. O'Malley University of Rhode Island, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/lib_ts_pubs Part of the Library and Information Science Commons Citation/Publisher Attribution O'Malley, William T., "Irish Literature: A Brief Survey" (1990). Technical Services Department Faculty Publications. Paper 23. http://digitalcommons.uri.edu/lib_ts_pubs/23 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Technical Services at DigitalCommons@URI. It has been accepted for inclusion in Technical Services Department Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@URI. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Irish Literature Remarks at Cranston Leisure Center, 20 October 1990. I am delighted to take part in your series of talks on 'books and more books'. The wide range of topics is evidence of your vivacity and openness to the world of ideas. When I was asked to speak to you on Irish Literature, I was intensely eager to accept at this time because the invitation coincided with the realization that this year is the 50th anniversary of the death of the great Irish poet William Butler Yeats. Yeats was the dominant figure, during his lifetime, not only on the Irish scene, but on the broader stage of English language letters. Also of interest, is the connection between Yeats and the movement now known as the Irish Literary Renaissance which he founded, and Rhode Island. More on that subject anon.
    [Show full text]
  • The Imaginary Irish Peasant
    7KH,PDJLQDU\,ULVK3HDVDQW $XWKRU V (GZDUG+LUVFK 6RXUFH30/$9RO1R 2FW SS 3XEOLVKHGE\Modern Language Association 6WDEOH85/http://www.jstor.org/stable/462684 . $FFHVVHG Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR's Terms and Conditions of Use provides, in part, that unless you have obtained prior permission, you may not download an entire issue of a journal or multiple copies of articles, and you may use content in the JSTOR archive only for your personal, non-commercial use. Please contact the publisher regarding any further use of this work. Publisher contact information may be obtained at . http://www.jstor.org/action/showPublisher?publisherCode=mla. Each copy of any part of a JSTOR transmission must contain the same copyright notice that appears on the screen or printed page of such transmission. JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. Modern Language Association is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to PMLA. http://www.jstor.org EdwardHirsch The Imaginary Irish Peasant EDWARD HIRSCH, profes- A man who does not exist, sor of English at the University A man who is but a dream . W. B. Yeats, "TheFisherman" of Houston, is the author of three books of poems: For the Sleepwalkers (Knopf; 1981), Wild Gratitude (Knopf, 1986), which won the National Book HROUGHOUT THE nineteenth century, but particu- larly in there was an in- Critics' Circle Award, and The postfamine Ireland, increasing terest in the rural customs and stories of the Irish country people.
    [Show full text]