Terms of Reference for the Proposed Development On
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Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). CHAPTER 5.0: DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT 5.1 Introduction This chapter basically highlights the existing baseline scenario of physical, biological and socio-economical environment of the Project Site and its surrounding areas. The existing environment is documented to form a basis for the assessment of potential impacts (either positive or negative) generated from the proposed development onto the surrounding environment. Conversely any existing conditions that are likely to impact upon the proposed development itself will also be discussed in this DEIA Report. The prevalent environment will be an indicator of the existing nature’s carrying capacity to adapt to the potential impacts generated by the proposed development. The existing physical environment is determined for an impact area which extends for five (5) km radius from the boundary of the Project Site. The assessment is profiled according to site surveys and published secondary data (i.e. maps, reports and structure plans) made available by the relevant government agencies. 5.2 Topography General topography of the Project Site is identified by use of the Topography Map of Klang, Selangor published by Director of National Mapping Malaysia (1990) as depicted in Figure 5.1. The specific topography and landform of the Project Site is identified using the Survey Plan generated by the Licensed Surveyor i.e., Geosystem Services Sdn. Bhd. (refer to Figure 5.2). The proposed project site is located at the western portion of the existing Jeram Landfill. Based on the Survey Plan, the Project Site is generally categorized as a nearly flat terrain with the average elevations between 2m to 3.5m. The highest point (i.e., 6.64m) within the Project Site is located on the slope of the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill at the northeastern boundary of the Project Site, while the lowest point is located at the southwestern portion of the Project Site (i.e., 2.00m). Basically the Project Site is sloping gently from the east towards the west and the average slope gradients are less than 2o. The topographic cross section of the Project Site is depicted in Figure 5.3. EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-1 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.1: General Topography of the Project Site EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-2 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.2: The Land Survey of the Project Site EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-3 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.3: The Topographic Cross Section of the Project Site EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-4 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). 5.3 Hydrology The regional streamflow pattern is extracted from the Topography Plan; while the Site drainage system is identified based on the Survey Plan prepared by Geosystem Services Sdn. Bhd. From the hydrological aspect, the Project Site is located on a low lying flat terrain which is drained by numerous earth drains and man-made canals. The earth drains from the proposed Project Site flows northerly via the excavated canals or channelized Sg. Sembilang which subsequently flows westerly into the Straits of Melaka (refer to Figure 5.4). Based on the sources of supply and the water intake from the Selangor Structure Plan (2002-2020) and updated by the Environment Quality Act 1974 (Act 127) as of 1st April 2013, there are no water intake points located at the downstream of the Project Site and Sg. Sembilang as shown in Figure 5.5. The nearest water intake point of Tasik Subang Dam which is located 13km upstream of the Project Site. 5.4 Geology Based on the Geological Map of Pelabuhan Kelang & Kelang of Selangor Darul Ehsan, New Series L7010 (Sheet 93) from the Mineral and Geoscience Department of Malaysia (2011), the regional geology of the proposed Project Site is underlain by unconsolidated and semi- consolidated Quaternary alluvial sediments namely Gula Formation as shown in Figure 5.6. The sediments of Gula Formation mainly comprise thick marine clay (grey and dark grey), silt, locally very clayey or silty sand with subordinate amount of gravel. Organic matter is present mainly as plant remains and small amount of shell fragments. The sediments are typically greenish to grey in colour. However, the surface sediments are usually weathered to light grey coloration with yellow, orange or brown mottles. Where abundant humic material or plant remains are present, the sediments may be dark grey or brown grey. The deposits of Gula Formation vary from pure coarse sand to fine sand to pure silt or clay. The relatively pure sands are valuable sources for construction aggregate, while the silt and clays can be a constraint on future land uses where construction works are involved, such as this development due to the low load bearing capacity. Fossil evidence and lithology sequences have shown a shallow marine to estuarine environment of deposition for the Gula Formation. The age of the Gula Formation is considered to be Holocene. There are no geological fault lines within the Project Site. EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-5 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.4: Streamflow of the Project Area EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-6 5-6 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.5: Location of Water Intake Points Close to the Project Area EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-7 5-7 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). Figure 5.6 : General Geology of the Project Area EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-8 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). 5.5 Soil Based on the Reconnaissance Soil Map of Peninsular Malaysia (Pindaan 2002), published by the Ministry of Agriculture Malaysia, the Project Site is situated on the marine alluvium soil of Selangor-Kangkung Association (refer to Figure 5.7). Under natural undrained conditions the soil of marine alluvium (Selangor-Kangkong Association) is greenish grey or bluish grey in colour; when drained, however, the surface soil changes to a grey colour with distinct mottles of yellow and red, indicative of the oxidation of sulphur and iron compounds occurring within the soil. According to Wong (1970), the Selangor Series soils occur in level to slightly depressional areas. The topsoil of 6 to 10 inches thickness is dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) to black (10YR 2/1) clay, silty clay or organic clay that is slightly sticky or friable with a weakly developed fine subangular blocky structure. During dry weather pronounced cracking occurs in this horizon. The deep subsoil consists of mottled clay or silty clay to a depth of three or four feet where the permanently moist bluish grey marine clay occurs. The mottled subsoil is friable to slightly sticky at the top becoming sticky with depth; structure changes from weakly or moderately developed medium subangular blocky at the top to weakly developed coarse columnar below. The permanently moist horizon (> 44 inches) is plastic and structureless; it may emanate a sulphurous odour due to the presence of sulphur hydrogen. Under natural undrained conditions the soil of Selangor Series is greenish grey or bluish grey in colour; when drained, however, the surface soil changes to a grey colour with distinct mottles of yellow and red, indicative of the oxidation of sulphur and iron compounds occurring within the soil. As the soils of the Selangor Series are situated on the coastal plain the main management problem is provision of proper drainage; good structure and aeration of the profile is conserved when water-logging by saline, brackish or fresh water is prevented. Soils of the Kangkung Series are developed from recently deposited marine alluvial clays. These soils are distinguished from other marine clay soil by the course prismatic to blocky structure of the subsoil horizons which possess firm and rubbery consistency, and often light greenish grey colours. The surface horizon consists of dark grey to black friable clay ranging from 0 – 4 inches in depth and has a moderate to strongly developed medium crumb structure. Where the organic topsoil is shallow or absent the surface horizon is hard, has a strongly developed coarse subangular blocky structure and often pronounced cracking during dry weather. EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-9 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). The second horizon extends to 12 or 18 inches in depth and is grey, light grey, or greenish grey in colour with a prismatic to blocky structure. Mottles of strong brown to yellowish brown colour commonly occur as well as concretionary yellowish brown, olive brown or olive yellow gritty deposits. Such deposits are most common below 24 inches embedded in a matrix of grey to greenish grey clay.