Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in , District of Kuala , Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

CHAPTER 5.0: DESCRIPTION OF THE EXISTING ENVIRONMENT

5.1 Introduction

This chapter basically highlights the existing baseline scenario of physical, biological and socio-economical environment of the Project Site and its surrounding areas. The existing environment is documented to form a basis for the assessment of potential impacts (either positive or negative) generated from the proposed development onto the surrounding environment. Conversely any existing conditions that are likely to impact upon the proposed development itself will also be discussed in this DEIA Report. The prevalent environment will be an indicator of the existing nature’s carrying capacity to adapt to the potential impacts generated by the proposed development. The existing physical environment is determined for an impact area which extends for five (5) km radius from the boundary of the Project Site. The assessment is profiled according to site surveys and published secondary data (i.e. maps, reports and structure plans) made available by the relevant government agencies.

5.2 Topography

General topography of the Project Site is identified by use of the Topography Map of , Selangor published by Director of National Mapping (1990) as depicted in Figure 5.1. The specific topography and landform of the Project Site is identified using the Survey Plan generated by the Licensed Surveyor i.e., Geosystem Services Sdn. Bhd. (refer to Figure 5.2). The proposed project site is located at the western portion of the existing Jeram Landfill.

Based on the Survey Plan, the Project Site is generally categorized as a nearly flat terrain with the average elevations between 2m to 3.5m. The highest point (i.e., 6.64m) within the Project Site is located on the slope of the existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill at the northeastern boundary of the Project Site, while the lowest point is located at the southwestern portion of the Project Site (i.e., 2.00m). Basically the Project Site is sloping gently from the east towards the west and the average slope gradients are less than 2o. The topographic cross section of the Project Site is depicted in Figure 5.3.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-1 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of , Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.1: General Topography of the Project Site

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-2 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.2: The Land Survey of the Project Site

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-3 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.3: The Topographic Cross Section of the Project Site

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-4 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.3 Hydrology

The regional streamflow pattern is extracted from the Topography Plan; while the Site drainage system is identified based on the Survey Plan prepared by Geosystem Services Sdn. Bhd. From the hydrological aspect, the Project Site is located on a low lying flat terrain which is drained by numerous earth drains and man-made canals. The earth drains from the proposed Project Site flows northerly via the excavated canals or channelized Sg. Sembilang which subsequently flows westerly into the Straits of Melaka (refer to Figure 5.4).

Based on the sources of supply and the water intake from the Selangor Structure Plan (2002-2020) and updated by the Environment Quality Act 1974 (Act 127) as of 1st April 2013, there are no water intake points located at the downstream of the Project Site and Sg. Sembilang as shown in Figure 5.5. The nearest water intake point of Tasik Subang Dam which is located 13km upstream of the Project Site.

5.4 Geology

Based on the Geological Map of Pelabuhan Kelang & Kelang of Selangor Darul Ehsan, New Series L7010 (Sheet 93) from the Mineral and Geoscience Department of Malaysia (2011), the regional geology of the proposed Project Site is underlain by unconsolidated and semi- consolidated Quaternary alluvial sediments namely Gula Formation as shown in Figure 5.6.

The sediments of Gula Formation mainly comprise thick marine clay (grey and dark grey), silt, locally very clayey or silty sand with subordinate amount of gravel. Organic matter is present mainly as plant remains and small amount of shell fragments. The sediments are typically greenish to grey in colour. However, the surface sediments are usually weathered to light grey coloration with yellow, orange or brown mottles. Where abundant humic material or plant remains are present, the sediments may be dark grey or brown grey. The deposits of Gula Formation vary from pure coarse sand to fine sand to pure silt or clay. The relatively pure sands are valuable sources for construction aggregate, while the silt and clays can be a constraint on future land uses where construction works are involved, such as this development due to the low load bearing capacity. Fossil evidence and lithology sequences have shown a shallow marine to estuarine environment of deposition for the Gula Formation. The age of the Gula Formation is considered to be Holocene. There are no geological fault lines within the Project Site.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-5

Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.4: Streamflow of the Project Area

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-6 5-6 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.5: Location of Water Intake Points Close to the Project Area

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-7 5-7 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.6 : General Geology of the Project Area

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-8

Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.5 Soil

Based on the Reconnaissance Soil Map of (Pindaan 2002), published by the Ministry of Agriculture Malaysia, the Project Site is situated on the marine alluvium soil of Selangor-Kangkung Association (refer to Figure 5.7). Under natural undrained conditions the soil of marine alluvium (Selangor-Kangkong Association) is greenish grey or bluish grey in colour; when drained, however, the surface soil changes to a grey colour with distinct mottles of yellow and red, indicative of the oxidation of sulphur and iron compounds occurring within the soil.

According to Wong (1970), the Selangor Series soils occur in level to slightly depressional areas. The topsoil of 6 to 10 inches thickness is dark brown (7.5YR 4/2) to black (10YR 2/1) clay, silty clay or organic clay that is slightly sticky or friable with a weakly developed fine subangular blocky structure. During dry weather pronounced cracking occurs in this horizon. The deep subsoil consists of mottled clay or silty clay to a depth of three or four feet where the permanently moist bluish grey marine clay occurs. The mottled subsoil is friable to slightly sticky at the top becoming sticky with depth; structure changes from weakly or moderately developed medium subangular blocky at the top to weakly developed coarse columnar below. The permanently moist horizon (> 44 inches) is plastic and structureless; it may emanate a sulphurous odour due to the presence of sulphur hydrogen. Under natural undrained conditions the soil of Selangor Series is greenish grey or bluish grey in colour; when drained, however, the surface soil changes to a grey colour with distinct mottles of yellow and red, indicative of the oxidation of sulphur and iron compounds occurring within the soil. As the soils of the Selangor Series are situated on the coastal plain the main management problem is provision of proper drainage; good structure and aeration of the profile is conserved when water-logging by saline, brackish or fresh water is prevented.

Soils of the Kangkung Series are developed from recently deposited marine alluvial clays. These soils are distinguished from other marine clay soil by the course prismatic to blocky structure of the subsoil horizons which possess firm and rubbery consistency, and often light greenish grey colours. The surface horizon consists of dark grey to black friable clay ranging from 0 – 4 inches in depth and has a moderate to strongly developed medium crumb structure. Where the organic topsoil is shallow or absent the surface horizon is hard, has a strongly developed coarse subangular blocky structure and often pronounced cracking during dry weather.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-9 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

The second horizon extends to 12 or 18 inches in depth and is grey, light grey, or greenish grey in colour with a prismatic to blocky structure. Mottles of strong brown to yellowish brown colour commonly occur as well as concretionary yellowish brown, olive brown or olive yellow gritty deposits. Such deposits are most common below 24 inches embedded in a matrix of grey to greenish grey clay. Bluish grey deposits may occur along the root channels. The structure of this horizon is not strongly developed and generally saturated with water.

5.6 Hydrogeology

The hydrogeological map of the Project Site as shown in Figure 5.8, was extracted from the Hydrogeological Map of Selangor and Federal Territory (2008) published by Jabatan Mineral and Geosains (JMG) Malaysia. The entire Project Site is located on very high potential aquifer regime of this region.

Based on the hydrogeological map, the nearest tube wells are located near Meru Town which is approximately 9.5km southeast from the proposed Project Site, could be correlated to the groundwater volume. These active tube wells indicate that the groundwater could yield between >20.0 meter3/hour. The quality and potability of the water were fresh and generally potable with total dissolved solid (TDS) less than 1,500mg/l for tube wells. The tube well is used for industrial purposes. In connection with this information, the groundwater quality and yield are expected to be similar.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-10 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.7: Reconnaissance Soil Map of the Project Area

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-11

Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.8: Hydrogeological Map of the Project Area

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-12 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.7 Land Use Planning

For the proposed expansion of 130.55 acres Jeram Sanitary Landfill, land use planning study been carried out based on entire proposed expansion site. The study area covers assessments of current, committed project (if any) and future land use within and surrounding the proposed site, as well as the economic activities, and public facilities and amenities up to 5km circumference from the proposed site boundary. Methods of land use planning assessment are via:- i. Collection of primary data on land use - site observations and field inspection on 13th November 2014 and 12 March 2015 for current land use pattern. ii. A detailed site investigation, observations and field inspection for land use pattern been carried out in December 2014 and April 2015 - to verify the current land usage and identify possible physical impact to the current land usage generated by the proposed project. iii. Secondary information obtained from Council Local Plan 2025, Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2020, Kuala Selangor District Council (MDKS), Klang Municipal Council (MPK), project proponent, stakeholders and Malaysia Geoportal Data Infrastructure.

5.7.1 Study Area of Land Use Planning Assessment

The land use planning study for the proposed expansion site of Jeram Sanitary Landfill will be based on the Zone of Impact (ZOI), which determines the coverage of possible impacted areas of concern. It is proposed that the ZOI for the study area be based on the circumference distance from proposed site boundary. The study area will be divided into two (2) categories, namely: i. directly impacted zone; i.e. within 0 – 250m, 250 – 500m, 500m – 1km, 1 – 2km, and 2 – 3km circumference from the proposed site boundary. ii. indirectly impacted zone; i.e. within 3 – 4km, and 4 – 5km circumference from the proposed site boundary.

Refer to Table 5.1 and Figure 5.9 for details. The land use study will examine the impacts of current and future land uses from the proposed project development.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-13 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table 5.1: List of Communities and Land Usage within the Zone of Impact (ZOI) Area. DISTANCE BETWEEN COMMUNITIES/ LAND COMMUNITIES/ NAME OF COMMUNITIES/ LAND USAGE USAGE AND EXPANSION LAND USAGE OF JSL’S BOUNDARY Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infrastructure 0 – 250 meter Tuan Mee Estate Agriculture Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infrastructure 250 – 500 meter Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate Agriculture Jeram Sanitary Landfill (existing) Infra. & Utility Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate Agriculture 500 meter – 1 kilometer Tuan Mee Estate’s Office and worker quarters Agriculture Bukit Cloh Estate’s Office and worker quarters Agriculture Temple Institution Bukit Cherakah Oil Palm Mill Industry 1 – 2 kilometer Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate, Eng Soon Agriculture Estate PETRONAS Gases Distribution Station Infra. & Utility Kuil Seri Mariama Institution 2 – 3 kilometer Bukit Cherakah Estate’s worker quarters and Agriculture management office Poultry farm Livestock Part of Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram Village Taman Permai Housing Part of SRJK (T) Ladang Bukit Cherakah, Part of 3 – 4 kilometer Institution SMK Jeram Tambak Jawa Industrial Area, part of Sg. Industry Sembilang Industrial Area Part of Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram, Kg. Tambak Jawa, Kg. Sg. Serdang, Kg. Tok Muda, Kg. Bukit Village Kerayong Tmn. Sungai Sembilang, Tmn. Sejahtera, Tmn. Kenari, Tmn. Setia Budi, Tmn. Jati, Tmn. Ehsan, Tmn. Seri Dua Belas, Tmn. Sri 1, Tmn. Seri Housing Kerayong, Tmn. Kapar Permai, Tmn. Damai 2, 4 – 5 kilometer Tmn. Saga, Tmn. Jaya 2, Tmn. Melawati, part of Tmn. Indah and Tmn. Intan Jaya. Kapar Town Urban Part of Sg. Sembilang Industrial Area, NS Industry Bluescope Malaysia Sdn Bhd Part of SRJK (T) Ladang Bukit Cherakah, Part of Institution SMK Jeram Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025 and Klang Municipal Council Local Plan, 2020. Town & Country Planning Department (TCPD), Selangor State (2014). Land Use Verification and Field Inspection, November & December 2014.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-14 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.9: Proposed Expansion Site of Jeram Sanitary Landfill and Its Zone of Impact (ZOI).

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm

Bkt Cherakah Estate Worker Quarter Tuan Mee Estate Worker Quarter Bukit Cloh Estate Worker Quarter

Cockle Farm

Cockle Farm

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-15 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.7.2 Current Land Use Development

With reference to the Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, the entire of Local Plan study area has been divided into nine (9) Planning Blocks (PB). The proposed expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill (JSL) project is located within PB7: Jeram and further described as part of Small Planning Block (SPB) 7.3, namely Bukit Kuching – Simpang Tiga Jeram. PB7 covers an area of 14,480 hectares, which is 12.1% of the area of Kuala Selangor District.

Based on land use study in Local Plan, PB7 is dominated by 77.2% or about 11,175.64 hectares of agriculture use, i.e. consists of oil palm plantation and others crops, such as vegetables, fruits and coconut that were undertaken by the smallholders. Agriculture land also includes the village land area with built houses (kampong area as according to the National Land Code 1965 [Act 56] Section 15 (4)(a)). The second largest of land use components is road and transportation with about 6.8%. This record further reflects that PB7 have high level of accessibility to connecting the villages (kampong areas) with the nearest township for daily services and to support the agriculture development by transporting the inputs or outputs, as well as transporting solid waste to JSL.

The built up area comprises of only 16.3% from the total land use of PB7 that mostly dominated by road and transportation, followed by institution and public facilities, housing and etc. as detailed in Table 5.2. Refer Figure 5.10 for current land use distribution of Kuala Selangor District and Figure 5.11 for current land use distribution of PB7 for the year 2013.

Table 5.2: Current Land Use Distribution of PB7: Jeram, Year 2013. LAND USE HECTARE (ha.) % Built Up Areas 2,352.79 16.25 Housing 515.41 3.56 Commercial 30.95 0.21 Industrial 80.14 0.55 Institution and Public Facilities 529.81 3.66 Open Space and Recreational 120.67 0.83 Infrastructure and Utility 89.56 0.62 Road and Transportation 986.25 6.81 Non-Built Up Areas 12,326.24 83.75 Agriculture 11,175.64 77.18 Aquaculture and Livestock 14.69 0.10 Forested Area 73.83 0.51 Vacant Land 633.80 4.38 Beach 199.03 1.37 Water Bodies 30.22 0.21 TOTAL 14,480.00 100.00 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-16 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.10: Current Land Use Distribution of Kuala Selangor District, Year 2013.

Proposed Expansion Site

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-17 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.11: Current Land Use Distribution of PB7: Jeram, Year 2013.

Proposed Expansion Site

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-18 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

i. Current Land Use within the Proposed Expansion Site

The proposed expansion site is located on eastern side of existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill and currently been planted for oil palm, namely Tuan Mee Estate. Meanwhile, the office and quarters for estate workers were identified within 800 m from the southeast site boundary.

View of Tuan Mee Estate’s worker quarters and management office; within 500m to 1km circumference from northwest of proposed site boundary.

ii. Current Land Use Pattern within 0km to 1km Circumference

For the current land use within 0km to 1km circumference from the proposed expansion site, it can be confirmed that the agriculture activities or oil palm plantations in specific is the most significant land use of the area by accounted for 86.1% or 569.79 hectares. It is followed by infrastructure and utility, i.e. existing Jeram Sanitary Landfill, road and transportation (3.5%) and housing (0.6%). Refer Table 5.3 and Figure 5.12 for details.

Table 5.3: Land Use Distribution within 0km to 1km Circumference, Year 2013. HECTARE (ha.) LAND USE 0 – 250 – 500 – 750m – % Total 250m 500m 750m 1km Built Up Areas 25.07 29.39 19.09 6.66 80.21 13.40 Housing - - 0.55 3.35 3.90 0.59 Infrastructure and Utility 22.69 25.52 13.32 0.05 61.58 9.31 Road and Transportation 2.38 3.87 5.22 11.67 23.14 3.50 Non-Built Up Areas 82.13 118.32 166.86 205.61 572.92 86.60 Agriculture 82.13 116.98 165.79 204.89 569.79 86.13 Water Bodies - 1.34 1.07 0.72 3.13 0.47 TOTAL 107.50 147.71 185.95 220.68 560.28 100.00 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025 and Klang Municipal Council Local Plan, 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-19 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.12: Current Land Use Pattern within 0km to 1km Circumference, Year 2013.

Existing Site (160 acre) The Site (130.55 acre)

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-20 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

iii. Current Land Use Pattern within 1km to 3km Circumference

The most significant land uses within the 1km to 3km circumference from the proposed site boundary is agriculture (91.5%). Major component of the agricultural land uses within the area is oil palm plantation, i.e. Bukit Kerayong Estate - Bukit Cloh Estate, Bukit Cherakah Estate and Eng Soon Estate. Meanwhile, water bodies components are refer to Sungai Sembilang and Sungai Janggut were identified at northern and southern of proposed site boundary. Refer Table 5.4, Figure 5.13 and Figure 5.14 for details.

Table 5.4: Land Use Distribution within 1km to 3km Circumference, Year 2013. HECTARE (ha.) LAND USE % 1 – 2km 2 – 3km Total Built Up Areas 65.29 205.63 270.92 8.22 Housing 0.67 17.30 17.97 0.55 Industrial 9.59 28.40 37.99 1.15 Institution and Public Facilities - 0.61 0.61 0.02 Infrastructure and Utility 2.37 57.60 59.97 1.82 Road and Transportation 52.66 101.72 154.38 4.69 Non-Built Up Areas 1,245.81 1,777.57 3,023.38 91.78 Agriculture 1,241.26 1,773.69 3,014.95 91.52 Water Bodies 4.55 3.88 8.43 0.26 TOTAL 1,311.10 1,983.20 3,294.30 100.00 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025 and Klang Municipal Council Local Plan, 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

For built up areas, the main infrastructure component with the area of 53.79 hectares (2.4km from northeast of the proposed site boundary) is PETRONAS Gases Distribution Station. In addition, three settlements (housing land uses; 0.6%) have been identified, namely worker quarters for Bukit Kerayong Estate, Bukit Cherakah Estate and Eng Soon Estate. While industry area (1.2%) within this ZOI areas are formed by Bukit Cherakah Oil Palm Mill and poultry farm, i.e. located about 3km from southwest of the proposed site boundary.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-21 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.13: Current Land Use Pattern within 1km to 3km Circumference, Year 2013.

Existing Site The Site (160 acre) (130.55 acre)

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-22 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.14: Land Use Distribution within 0km to 3km Circumference.

Entrance to Bukit Kerayong Estate’s office.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-23 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

iv. Current Land Use Pattern within 3km to 5km Circumference

Land uses within 3km to 5km circumference from proposed site boundary showed that agriculture land use (81.5% or 4,692.55 hectares) dominates the overall land use pattern within this ZOI area, as compared to other land uses. Road and transportation recorded the second largest land use with 8.5%, while other built up areas made up 7.9% of the total land use coverage in this area (refer Table 5.5, Figure 5.16 and Figure 5.17).

Table 5.5: Land Use Distribution within 3km to 5km Circumference, Year 2013. HECTARE (ha.) LAND USE % 3 – 4km 4 – 5km Total Built Up Areas 215.16 691.46 930.71 16.15 Housing 40.40 188.89 229.29 3.98 Commercial 3.15 4.95 8.10 0.14 Industrial 61.22 76.53 137.75 2.39 Institution and Public Facilities 3.58 15.13 18.71 0.32 Open Space and Recreational 2.96 3.24 6.20 0.11 Infrastructure and Utility 35.44 19.81 55.25 0.96 Road and Transportation 152.65 322.76 475.41 8.25 Non-Built Up Areas 2,244.39 2,413.97 4,830.90 83.85 Agriculture 2,253.08 2,439.47 4,692.55 81.45 Aquaculture and Livestock 0.86 1.91 2.77 0.05 Vacant Land 4.99 22.82 27.81 0.48 Forested Area - 77.97 77.97 1.35 Water Bodies 3.70 14.66 18.36 0.32 Beach - 11.44 11.44 0.20 TOTAL 2,562.03 3,199.58 5,761.61 100.00 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025 and Klang Municipal Council Local Plan, 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

Within 3 to 4km ZOI area, only one (1) planned housing scheme been identified, namely Taman Permai, i.e. located to the north of proposed site, whereas within 4 to 5km ZOI area; the planned housing schemes are concentrated at Sungai Sembilang area – western side; and Kapar Town area – southern side of the proposed site. Among others are Taman Sungai Sembilang, Taman Setia Budi, Taman Jati, Taman Ehsan (Kuala Selangor District), Taman Seri Dua Belas, Taman Sri Kapar 1, Taman Seri Kerayong, Taman Kapar Permai, Taman Damai 2, Taman Saga, Taman Jaya 2, and part of Taman Indah and Taman Intan Jaya ( - refer Figure 5.15). These housing schemes had sum-up an area of 229.29 hectares.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-24 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.15: Distribution of Housing Schemes at Kapar Town, Klang District.

Not to Scale

Source: Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2020. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

In terms of industry and commercial uses, it’s more concentrated within 3.5 to 4.5km ZOI area or corridor Sungai Sembilang – Tambak Jawa – Kapar Town in specific, i.e. along the route FR5. From the 137.75 hectares of industry uses, few planned industrial area were identified, such as Tambak Jawa Industrial Area and Sungai Sembilang Industrial Area, while the balance are mostly individual types with activities of manufacturing (e.g. NS Bluescope Malaysia Sdn. Bhd), workshop and warehouses. v. Current Land Use Pattern within 5km to 7km Circumference

By taking the land use distribution into account, sensitivity of proposed project and ‘movement’ of potential impact; i.e. discharge of treated leachate into Sungai Sembilang, the land use study has extended part of the ZOI area (by follows the river flow) until Sungai Sembilang river mouth, which is about 7km from western side of the proposed site boundary.

Within this additional of study area, Sungai Sembilang Jetty and cockle farms were identified at Sungai Sembilang river mouth and offshore area, i.e. about 5.1km and 7km from western side of the proposed site boundary. In line with the objectives of national food security, Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025 has zoned and proposed to gazette the cockle farms as Aquaculture Industrial Zone and Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESAs) Category 2.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-25 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.16: Current Land Use Pattern within 3km to 5km Circumference, Year 2013.

Cockle Farm

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-26 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.17: Land Use Distribution within 3km to 5km Circumference.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-27 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Due to this, any development activities or man-made factors at up-stream ( area) or mid-stream of Sungai Sembilang that are likely to cause pollution to the river and further to the sea water should be monitored, as to protect this development sensitive areas.

View of Sungai Sembilang Jetty; about 5.5km from the western side of proposed site boundary.

5.7.3 Committed Project, Year 2015

Refers to Kuala Selangor District Council (MDKS), no development project been planned within 5km circumference from project site boundary. However, there are about six (6) committed projects were identified within 9km to 11km from northeast of the proposed site boundary, i.e. Puncak Alam – Saujana Utama Town area (refer Figure 5.18).

Figure 5.18: Committed Projects in Puncak Alam – Saujana Utama Town Area.

Not to Scale

to Jeram / Kuala Selangor

to Kapar

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council, (2015).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-28 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

The committed projects had sum-up about 457.5 hectares / 1,130.5 acre of housing use and 15.2 hectares / 37.6 acre of commercial use. With the assumption of 20 unit houses per acre and 4 persons per household, the committed housing development were estimated to generate about 90,400 people and 72.3 tonne of solid waste per day in 2 to 3 years’ time. The solid waste will be transfer to Jeram Sanitary Landfill for disposed. Hence, the proposed expansion of landfill site is needed and also seen to support the urban growth of Kuala Selangor, Klang and in future.

5.7.4 Future Land Use Designation, Year 2020 And 2025

Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan has drawn the future land use (zoning) by year 2025. In terms of future development within the PB7: Jeram area, lists of physical developments have been proposed, i.e. development of industrial, commercial, housing, road network development, and etc. These proposed development components have been further details out as shown in Table 5.6.

Table 5.6: Proposed Future Development within the PB7: Jeram. DEVELOPMENT PROPOSED PROJECTs COMPONENT Housing Housing area within urban limits of Sasaran Town Commercial centre at Sungai Buloh Sasaran Town Commercial Commercial centre at Kg. Bukit Kuching Small Industrial Zone of Sungai Sembilang Industrial Estate Small Industrial Zone of Sungai Janggut Small Industrial Zone of Jalan Abdullah Rural clinic at Kg. Bukit Kuching and Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram Fire station at Sungai Buloh Sasaran Town Institution and Public Mosque at Kg. Tambak Jawa Facilities Mini library and public hall at Kg. Bukit Kuching Public hall at Kg. Bukit Kerayong Infrastructure and Utility Expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill West Coast Highway Road and Transportation Jalan Jeram – Puncak Alam (proposed new road) Kg. Sungai Sembilang - Jeram State Road B104 Road and Transportation Jalan Keretapi Lama (proposed road upgrading) Jalan Klang – Kuala Selangor (FR5) Road and Transportation Jeram – Puncak Alam Interchange (proposed interchange / Kg. Sg. Sembilang Intersection i.section) Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

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With this list of development proposals, it has further increased the built up areas from 2,352.79 hectares (2013) to 3,410.19 hectares by year 2025. It’s dominated by housing area (8.8%), and followed by industry uses (4.8%), infrastructure and utility, and etc. as shown in Table 5.7 and Figure 5.19.

Table 5.7: Future Land Use (Zoning) Distribution of PB7: Jeram, Year 2025. LAND USE HECTARE (ha.) % Built Up Areas 3,410.19 23.54 Housing 1,279.98 8.84 Commercial 43.25 0.30 Industrial 682.35 4.71 Institution and Public Facilities 172.73 1.19 Open Space & Recreational 120.67 0.83 Infrastructure and Utility 124.96 0.86 Road and Transportation 986.25 6.81 Non-Built Up Areas 11,069.81 76.44 Agriculture 10,832.70 74.81 Aquaculture & Livestock 13.43 0.09 Forested Area 65.55 0.45 Beach 127.82 0.88 Water Bodies 30.31 0.21 TOTAL 14,480.00 100.00 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

Meanwhile, the towns in PB7: Jeram were identified in a few settlements hierarchy to support the economy development of Kuala Selangor District and to serves the local communities, i.e.:

. Puncak Alam – Saujana Utama Town (about 8km from the northeast of proposed site boundary): State Sub-Regional Centers – functioning as administrative and commercial center for Kuala Selangor District. . Sungai Buloh Sasaran Town (about 10km from northwest of proposed site boundary): Minor Settlement Centers – to support urban development of Kuala Selangor Town as administrative and commercial center for Selangor State. . Kg. Bukit Kuching (about 9.5km from the northern) and Kg. Jeram (about 6.5km from the northeast of proposed site boundary): Rural Settlement Centers – to serves surrounding villages in terms of commercial, institutional and public facilities to enhance local communities’ quality of life.

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Figure 5.19: Future Land Use (Zoning) Distribution of PB7: Jeram, Year 2025.

Proposed Expansion Site

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025. TCPD, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-31 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

In addition, Klang Municipal Local Plan has also drawn the future land use (zoning) for Klang District by year 2020. For the bordering area; between Klang – Kuala Selangor District, Newbury Estate and Acob Estate that located about 750 meter to 4 kilometer circumference from south-eastern of proposed project site (Klang District) was zoned for open space and recreational (also functioning as buffer zone for sanitary landfill), and housing development. Meanwhile, southern part of proposed project site (Klang District) remain as agriculture development – oil palm plantation, i.e. Brafferton Estate and Sungai Serdang Estate (Figure 5.20). i. Future Land Use Planning within the Proposed Expansion Site

Refers to the Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, part of the proposed Project site was planned for expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill, while other part (western side) of Project site – about 30.55 acre was zoned for industry use. Hence, the proposed expansion project is in-line with Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025 in planning principle. However, for the area zoned for industry use, project proponent needs to submit the application to Kuala Selangor District Council (MDKS) to change land use zoning from “industry” to “infrastructure & Utility”. As part of this proposal, list of project components or program have been drawn in Local Plan, such as landfill level 4, leachate treatment plant, continuous effluent monitoring system, seepage control, 500 meter buffer zone from the nearest human settlements and application of Best Available Technology (BAT) for HSBB.

Meanwhile, surrounding the proposed expansion site was zoned for industry development, i.e. currently is Tuan Mee Estate (oil palm plantation).

For the purpose of management and as guidance for future land use development, a Use Class Order has been drawn, which proposed site is referring to index map 74D. According to the order, the development / expansion of Jeram Sanitary Landfill is allowed with condition, i.e. allowed on existing site and the proposed expansion site. In addition, the development is subject to Guidelines for Siting and Zoning of Industry and Residential Areas (2012) by the Department of Environment (DOE).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-32 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.20: Future Land Use (Zoning) for Proposed Expansion Site of Jeram Sanitary Landfill and Its Zone of Impact (ZOI).

Cockle Farm

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan, 2025, and Klang Municipal Local Plan 2020.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-33 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.8 Climate

The characteristic features of the climate in Peninsular Malaysia are uniform temperature, high humidity and heavy annual precipitation throughout the whole year. The Peninsular also experiences monsoon climate and the variation in rainfall dependent on periodic changes in the prevailing wind, is the most important seasonal features. For example, the Northeast and Southwest Monsoons bring heavy thunderstorms to the east and west coasts respectively. With reference to the Malaysian Meteorological Service (MMS, 1996- 2015), the nearest meteorological station to the Project Site is Subang Airport, which is located 20km south of the Project Site, at a latitude of 03o07’N and a longitude of 101o33’E. A baseline climatic information presented in these subchapters on the Project Site will be established based on the climatologically data (i.e. rainfall, evaporation, temperature and relative humidity) recorded from is Subang Airport (as attached in Appendix 9).

5.8.1 Temperature

The monthly temperature recorded at Subang Airport, from the year 1996-2015 remains relatively stable throughout the year with average monthly variations not exceeding 1.5oC. The lowest and highest 24 Hour Mean Temperature were 27.1oC (in the year of 2008) and 28.5oC (in the years of 1998 and 2010) respectively.

5.8.2 Rainfall Pattern

The rainfall data recorded at Subang Airport, from the year 1996-2015 shows a fluctuating distribution pattern with the year of 2006 having the heaviest total annual rainfall (i.e. 3,455.0 mm) while the year of 2005 was the driest year with 2,292.4mm of total annual rainfall. The average of the total annual rainfall from the year 1996-2015 was recorded at approximately 2,802.1 mm.

5.8.3 Relative Humidity

The lowest and highest 24 Hour Mean Relative Humidity recorded at Subang Airport, from the year 1995-2014 were 75.9% (in the year of 2009) and 80.9% (in the year of 2012) respectively.

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5.8.4 Evaporation

Evaporation data recorded at Subang Airport, from the year 1996-2015 obtained were given daily. The highest mean daily evaporation was in the years of 2013 and 2015 with 4.7 mm while the lowest mean daily evaporation was in the year of 1999 with 3.9 mm.

5.8.5 Water Balance

The difference between rainfall and evaporation data will indicate the amount left behind in the environment. This is known as the water balance parameter and it is used to guide construction schedule and any activities that are related to land clearing in order to minimize the amount of earth materials being eroded into the waterways system during heavy thunderstorms.

In order to estimate the water balance value, both rainfall and evaporation have to be in the same unit and period of time. The rainfall was recorded monthly, but the evaporation value was given daily in the Annual Summary of Meteorological Observations from 1996-2015. Therefore, the mean daily evaporation is multiplied by the number of days of each month for that particular year in order to obtain the mean monthly evaporation records of the Subang Airport. Subsequently, every month of each year from 1996 to 2015 for both rainfall and evaporation is averaged out. The average monthly rainfall data for each month from the year 1996-2015, subtract the average evaporation data and as a result average water balance for each month is established. The rainfall, evaporation, and water balance data are presented in Figure 5.21. Positive water balance indicates that there is excess water retained in the environment while negative water balance indicates that the evaporation process exceeds precipitation. The highest water balance was in November (i.e., +235.2 mm), i.e., the month with the heaviest rainfall, while the lowest was in June (i.e., -5.2 mm). The period with low water balance was observed during the months of May to August of the year.

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Figure 5.21: Indicative Water Balance at the Project Area

500.0

400.0

300.0

m 200.0 Taman mmm Jaya ~100m 100.0

0.0

-100.0 Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Rainfall (mm) 227.8 208.0 279.5 312.6 181.8 126.4 162.5 185.3 219.0 294.9 356.4 276.7 Mean Monthly Evaporation (mm) 125.3 127.3 147.4 138.2 137.7 131.6 132.5 138.0 129.4 132.3 121.2 114.9 Derived Water Balance (mm) 102.5 80.7 132.1 174.4 44.1 -5.2 30.0 47.3 89.6 162.6 235.2 161.8

Month

Source: Malaysian Meteorological Services, 2016 & Europasia Engineering Services Sdn. Bhd., 2016

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-36 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.8.6 Wind Rose

The wind rose data used in this report was taken from the station located at the Subang. The annual wind rose summary is shown in Figure 5.22. The percentage of calm, which indicated by the center of the wind rose, is approximately 33.4%. The west wind have the highest velocity with the mean speed of 2.7m/s when compared to other directional winds. The highest frequency of wind occurrence is from the northwest with the percentage of 12.9%. The percentages of various wind directions are given in Table 5.8.

Table 5.8 : Annual Percentage Frequency of Various Wind Directions and Speeds

Year : 1968-2015 Station: Subang Period: All 24 hours

Speed Annual (m/s) N NE E SE S SW W NW Calm Total <0.3 ------33.4 33.4 0.3 – 1.5 7.2 3.2 4.3 2.6 3.0 2.1 2.8 5.9 - 31.1 1.6 – 3.3 2.9 0.9 1.9 2.5 4.0 2.4 3.1 4.7 - 22.4 3.4 – 5.4 0.9 0.2 0.4 1.0 2.7 1.4 2.7 2.0 - 11.3 5.5 – 7.9 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.3 - 1.5 8.0 – 10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 >10.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 - 0.0 Total 11.2 4.3 6.6 6.2 10.1 6.1 9.0 12.9 33.4 Mean Speed 1.5 1.3 1.5 2.1 2.6 2.4 2.7 2.0

Note: N = North E = East S = South W = West NE = North-east SE = South-east SW = South-west NW = North-west

Source: Malaysian Meteorological Service, 2016

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Figure 5.22: Wind Rose Pattern at Subang

Location of the Project Site relative to Subang Airport.

Source: Malaysian Meteorological Service, 2016

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-38 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01)

5.9 Existing Biological Environment

The proposed sanitary landfill expansion will be located in an oil palm estate within Ladang Tuan Mee, Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan. The existing biological environment at the Project Site is limited to the flora and fauna composition of a oil palm estates in Peninsular Malaysia. Although urbanization and agricultural development activities at the Project Site surroundings, i.e., Jeram Sanitary Landfill, oil palm estates and settlements, there are many Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESA) within its proximity of 10km radius and District of Kuala Selangor. Based on Local Plan of Majlis Daerah Kuala Selangor 2025 and Selangor Structure Plan 2002-2020, the Proposed Project Site itself is not located within the Proposed ESA Conservation area (refer to Figure 5.23 and Figure 5.24). Meanwhile, some Environmental Sensitive Areas are located within its proximity of 10km radius and beyond from the Project Site at the District of Kuala Selangor and Majlis Bandaraya Shah Alam as tabulated Table 5.9.

Plate 5.1: View of the Tuan Mee

Estate from Jalan Bukit Kerayong.

Plate 5.2: View of the western portion

of the Project Site and Jeram Sanitary Landfill

Project Site Landfill Site

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Table 5.9: ESAs within its Proximity of 10km Radius from the Project Site No. Environmental Sensitive Areas (ESA) Ranking Location 1. Pantai Remis – Jeram – Pantai Jeram Rank 3 5 km western region from the Project Site 2. Shell farms (cockle) in Aquaculture Rank 2 7 km western region from Industrial Zone) the Project Site

3. Tasik Subang Dam Rank 2 12 km eastern region from the Project Site 4. Taman Alam Kuala Selangor – Rank 1 20 km northwestern region Important Bird Areas (IBA) from the Project Site

5. Kg. Kuantan – Kg. Bukit Belimbing Rank 1 20 km northwestern region - Firefly Conservation Area from the Project Site

6. Raja Musa Forest Reserve and Sungai Rank 1 27 km northwestern region Karang Forest Reserve from the Project Site

Source: RT Majlis Daerah Kuala Selangor 2025 and National Pysical Plan 2, 2010 Rank 1 - No development, agriculture or logging shall be permitted except for low-impact nature tourism, research and education. Rank 2 - No development or agriculture. Sustainable logging and low impact nature tourism may be permitted subject to local constraints. Rank 3 - Controlled development whereby the type and intensity of the development shall be strictly controlled depending on the nature of the constraints.

Based on the Landuse Map of Selangor, Putrajaya & Kuala Lumpur (2010) and the Topography Map of Klang, Selangor, the proposed project site is mainly surrounded by oil palm estates within its 5km radius (i.e., Tuan Mee Estate, Bukit Cherakah Estate, Bukit Kerayong Estate, Bukit Cloh Estate). The nearest ESAs are the Pantai Remis and shell farms (cockle) in Aquaculture Industrial Zone which are located approximately 5km and 7km respectively west of the Project Site and it is ranked under ESA Category 2 and ESA Category 3. In addition, there is no primary and secondary forest within the Project Site surroundings. The nearest secondary forest is located at Tasik Subang Dam, approximately 12km east of the Project Site.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-40 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01)

Figure 5.23 : The Location of the Proposed Project Site and its Surrounding Proposed ESA Conservation Areas within Kuala Selangor District

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-41 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.24 : The Location of the Proposed Project Site and its Surrounding Proposed ESA Conservation Areas within State of Selangor

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-42 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.10 Socio-economic Environment

5.10.1 Study Area of Social Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA)

The specific study area identified will be used as the basis for defining and characterizing the natural environment which may be potentially affected by the expansion. The study area of the Social Economic Impact Assessment (SEIA) for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, will be based on the Zone of Impact (ZOI) that determines the coverage of possible impacted areas of concern. Two determining factors for the Zone of Impact of the proposed project development are distance from the Project Site and the access road corridor (travel route of garbage truck). Methods of SEIA are via:-

i. Overviews of the general socio-economic standings from secondary data, such as data from previous studies (including Local Plans), government departments, plantation owner and management, and other reliable sources.

ii. Observations and overviews of the socio-economic standing via site visits, interviews and discussions with Head of Assistant District Officer of Kuala Selangor, Penghulu Mukim Jeram, Penghulu Mukim Kapar, Tuan Mee Estate manager, Bukit Kerayong Estate manager, Bukit Cherakah and Bukit Cloh Estate manager, management of tourism facilities such as “The Cabin”, foods stall / restaurant operators and fisherman at Kampong Sungai Sembilang. iii. Social economic questionnaire surveys to include potential impacted groups, which consists of:- a. Directly impacted communities are: o the population within ZOI for project site and along the current travel routes of garbage truck (measured 500 meter on both side of the road). b. Indirectly impacted communities are: o the population within ZOI for project site only, and o the population within ZOI along the current travel routes of garbage truck.

iv. Public dialogue

A series of site visits were conducted to observe and evaluate the current socio-economic standings of the people, to understand the cultures and livelihood patterns as well as to approach relevant penghulu and village heads for background information. Among other

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information are the public concerns, fears and expectations over the proposed expansion project.

Observations during site visits generally showed that the human settlements can be divided into three (3) categories, i.e. estate worker quarters, rural settlement (village) and urban / established housing scheme1. As the project site is surrounded by agriculture land – oil palm plantations - the closest human settlements are estate worker quarters, namely Tuan Mee Estate (500 meter to 1 km circumference from project site boundary), Bukit Cherakah & Bukit Cloh Estate (1 km circumference) and Bukit Kerayong Estate (2.5 km circumference).

v. Analysis of Profile / Survey outcomes and Impacts inclusive of:

 Study Timeframe, as it will also consider the potential effects on various socio economic components over two time periods: o Construction of the expanded landfill; in which period construction is expected to commence; and. o Operation of the expanded landfill; in which period operation would then occur over a period ending 2025 (taking into consideration of Population Projection by Local Plan Studies which are the Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025; the Klang District Local Plan 2015; and the Local Plan 2025) and;

 Features of Socio-Economic Environment such: o air, land, water o plant and animal life, including human life o social, economic and cultural conditions that influence the life of humans or the community o any building, structure or man-made premises o any solid, liquid, gas, ordour, heat, sound, vibration or radiation resulting directly or indirectly from human activities o any part or combination of the above and the inter-relations between two or more of them

1 ”Established housing” is a town planning term used for the areas zoned specifically as housing area. However, estate workers quarters are incorporated into agriculture zone, and not delienated as housing settlement by the town planning land use categorization.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-44 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

This portion of the study will focus on all of these, particularly on part c. - the socio-economic and cultural conditions that influence the life of human or the community, particularly inshore fishermen and cockle breeders along the coastline of Kuala Selangor and Klang.

The background data collection includes a review of publicly available data inclusive of as District and Council Local Plans. The review is to enable the compilation of all known information about the on-site study area and study area vicinity. A number of these provide data on a broader scale such as relevant Government agencies and departments; and the District and Council plans and. These latter two are discussed in 5.10.4.

Refer to Table 5.10 and Figure 5.25 for details of SEIA Zone of Impact.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-45 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table 5.10: List and Location of Potential Impacted Groups to Project Site. NAME OF WORKER QUARTERS, VILLAGE AND ESTIMATED NUMBERS NO AREA OF STUDY ZONE OF IMPACT ESTABLISHED HOUSING SCHEME WITHIN STUDY AREA OF TOTAL HOUSEHOLD Tuan Mee Estate’s worker quarters 18 500m - 1km Circumference Tmn. Permai 288 Directly impacted Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram 640 4km – 5km Circumference communities for project Tmn. Intan Jaya, Tmn. Intan Jaya 4 & 5 368 site, along the downstream 1 Kg. Jeram and Jeram Beach (incl. the seafood restaurant 2,550 5km – 7km Circumference of Sembilang River, and areas) (northwest from site) along travel route of Tmn. Budi 38 garbage truck Kg. Sungai Sembilang (incl. aquaculture farming at 600 5km – 5.5km Circumference Sembilang River mouth and surrounding areas) SUB-TOTAL 4,502 - - Bkt Cherakah & Bkt. Cloh Estate’s worker quarters 37 1km Circumference Bkt Kerayong Estate’s worker quarters 29 2.5km Circumference Kg. Bukit Kerayong 403 Tmn. Sungai Sembilang 64 Tmn. Sejahtera 35 Tmn. Kenari 49 Tmn. Setia Budi 51 Indirectly impacted 2 Tmn. Jati 13 communities for project site Tmn. Ehsan 32 3.5km - 5km Circumference Tmn. Kapar Permai, Tmn. Damai 2, Tmn. Saga, Tmn. 950 Jaya 2, Tmn. Melawati, Tmn. Indah, Tmn. Seri Kerayong Kg. Tambak Jawa 675 Kg. Sungai Serdang 598 Kg. Tok Muda 872 Tmn. Seri Dua Belas 53 Indirectly impacted 5km – 5.5km Circumference 3 Tmn. Bukit Kapar 432 communities for ZOI along (southeast from site) travel route of garbage truck SUB-TOTAL 4,293 - - GRAND TOTAL 8,795 - - Note: Household numbers for estate worker quarters and established housing schemes in Klang District are based on number of houses on site – land use calculation, while household numbers for villages are based on District & Land Office of Kuala Selangor and Klang, and established housing schemes in Kuala Selangor District are based on data from Kuala Selangor District Council (2015).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-46 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.25: Project Site and Social Economic Impact Assessment Zone of Impact (ZOI) Study Area.

Bkt Kerayong Palm Oil Mill

Bkt Cherakah Estate Worker Quarter Tuan Mee Estate Worker Quarter Bukit Cloh Estate Worker Quarter

travel route of garbage truck

Cockle Farm

Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025, Klang Municipal Council Local Plan 2015. Town & Country Planning Department, Selangor State (2014).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-47 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.10.2 Socio-Economic Profile of the Immediate Surroundings (2015)

At the time of preparing for the DEIA report, most parts of the proposed project site was covered with oil palm plantation, namely Tuan Mee Estate. Hence, there was no structure or human settlement within the project site.

In general, the immediate surroundings of project site is planted with oil palm, except for the eastern part of the site which is the existing sanitary landfill. As the supporting components to the oil palm plantation - in the immediate vicinity – the Tuan Mee Estate management office and worker quarters had been identified within a 800 meter circumference southeast from the project site boundary. Meanwhile, Bukit Cherakah & Bukit Cloh Estate management office and worker quarters, were also identified at 820m and 1.2km circumference respectively, from southwest of project site boundary. a. Estate Worker Quarters

There are about three (3) worker quarters been identified within 3km circumference from project site boundary. However, the profile information for Tuan Mee Estate is not available, due to the estate management’s private and confidential reason not to divulge any information to the consultants.

For Bukit Cherakah & Bukit Cloh Estate, there are about 365 workers and 737 population that settled within worker quarters - established in the 1940’s been recorded. From this total of workers, only about 186 people are Malaysian, while the balance are Non-Malaysian, which consists of 126 Indonesian, 25 Indian, 21 Bangladesh, 5 Nepal and 2 Cambodian. Besides, Bukit Kerayong Estate has record about 387 workers and 463 population who’s settled within worker quarters - established in the 1960’s. In terms of nationality, about 95 people are Malaysian, 179 Indonesian, 58 Indian, 25 Bangladesh, 17 Nepal and 13 Myanmar; as details in Table 5.11.

According to the management, the workers community been paid in the range of RM741 to RM2,500 per month. Additionally, the household solid waste which generated within worker quarters is collected by contractor to be disposed at Jeram Sanitary Landfill.2

2 Due to management reason, the study team only allowed to interviewed estate manager (during socio-economic survey session); who also settled at quarters as representative to the workers community.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-48 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table 5.11: List and Profile of Estate Worker Quarters by Area. TOTAL TOTAL NAME OF ESTATE GENDER RACE WORKER POPULATION Within 500m – 1km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Tuan Mee Estate NA NA NA NA . 31 Malay . 180 Indian Bukit Cherakah - Bukit . 299 male . 21 Bangladesh 365 737 Cloh Estate a . 66 female . 126 Indonesian . 2 Cambodian . 5 Nepal Within 2km – 3km Circumference From Project Site Boundary . 29 Malay . 123 Indian . 25 Bangladesh . 357 male Bukit Kerayong Estate a 387 . 179 Indonesian 463 . 30 female . 17 Nepal . 13 Myanmar . 1 Iban TOTAL 752 - - 1,200 Note: NA = Not Available. Source: a Bukit Cherakah & Bukit Cloh Estate and Bukit Kerayong Estate Management (2015). b. Rural Settlement / Village

For rural settlement, there were seven (7) villages identified within 3 km to 4 km; 4 km to 5 km; and 5 km to 7 km circumferences from project site boundary. Based on statistics from District and Land Offices of Kuala Selangor and Klang, these settlements comprised of about 10,122 hectares of land with 26,858 villagers and 6,338 units of houses. Kg. Jeram recorded about 6,850 villagers or 25.5% of the total group’s population, followed by Kg. Sg. Sembilang (18.6%), Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram (15.7%), Kg. Tok Muda (13.9%) and others as listed in Table 5.12.

Table 5.12: List and Profile of Rural Settlement by Area. NO. OF NO. OF NAME OF VILLAGE AREA (ha.) POPULATION HOUSES Within 3km – 4km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Kg. Simpang Tiga Jeram, Kuala Selangor 3,089.00 4,218 640 Within 4km – 5km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Kg. Tambak Jawa, Kuala Selangor 1,947.00 2,300 675 Kg. Sg. Sembilang, Kuala Selangor 672.50 5,000 600 Kg. Bukit Kerayong, Kuala Selangor 1,871.00 2,196 403 Kg. Tok Muda, Klang 485.60 3,732 872 Kg. Sg. Serdang, Klang 919.05 2,562 598 Within 5km – 7km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Kg. Jeram, Kuala Selangor 1,138.00 6,850 2,550 TOTAL 10,122.15 26,858 6,338 Source: District & Land Office of Kuala Selangor and Klang (2015).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-49 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Additionally, the statistics further reflected an average of 5.3 family members per household. For Kg. Sg. Sembilang specifically, an average of 8.3 family members per household had been recorded. Meanwhile, Kg. Jeram recorded an average of 2.7 family members per household. c. Urban Settlement / Established Housing Scheme

Kuala Selangor District Council has provided the related information i.e. population profiles of potential impacted communities, to the Study Team – with eight (8) housing schemes under their administrative area. However, Klang Municipal Council has not recorded such information in their system. Hence, related information such as numbers of houses were based on site observation and land use calculation.

The eight (8) housing schemes are spread over a total of 20.79 hectares of land, with 2,920 people and 604 units of houses. Taman Permai – about 3.8 km north of project site - recorded the highest population and number of houses, i.e. 1,440 people (49.3%) and 288 houses (47.7%). It is followed by Taman Budi (360 population or 12.3%), Taman Sg. Sembilang (10.9%) and others as listed in Table 5.13. In terms of family members per household, almost all the established housing schemes recorded an average of 5 people per household, except for Taman Ehsan, with only about (1.8) 2 family members per household.

Table 5.13: List and Profile of Urban Settlement by Area. NO. OF NO. OF NAME OF HOUSING SCHEMES AREA (ha.) POPULATION HOUSES Within 3km – 4km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Taman Permai 8.09 1,440 288 Within 4km – 5km Circumference From Project Site Boundary Taman Sg. Sembilang 2.06 320 64 Taman Sejahtera 1.19 175 35 Taman Kenari 2.13 245 49 Taman Budi 1.83 360 72 Taman Setia Budi 2.02 255 51 Taman Jati 2.07 65 13 Taman Ehsan 1.40 60 32 TOTAL 20.79 2,920 604 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council (2015).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-50 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.10.3 Demographic Profile of Mukim Jeram, Kuala Selangor District and Mukim Kapar, Klang District (2010)

The Project site is located in Mukim Jeram, Kuala Selangor District. Since the Project site is located at Kuala Selangor whilst the Study area is (partly) bordered by the adjacent Klang District - demographic profile of Mukim Kapar, Klang District will also be taken into account for The Study.

Based on the “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and 2010”, the total number of population in Mukim Jeram was 45,352 people, i.e. second highest total population in Kuala Selangor District. Most of this is concentrated at Jeram Town in the south-western side of the mukim - along the corridor of Federal Road (FR) 5.

Malays made up the bulk of the population with a total of 37,643 people or 83% of the total population in Mukim Jeram, followed by Indian and Chinese at 6.8% and 4.4% respectively. Bumiputera made up about 82 people (0.2%), while other Malaysian category was numbered at 53. The remaining 5.5% or 2,492 people were non-Malaysians - mainly referring to those who are working in oil palm estate and the fishery sector - were found to be residing in Mukim Jeram.

For Mukim Kapar in the Klang District, a total of 262,994 people - dominated by the Malay community with a total of 135,436 or 51.5% of the total population – were recorded. This is followed by Chinese (23.2%) and Indians (14.8%), while the remaining balance of 10.5% comprised of the other ethnic groups and non-Malaysians (Table 5.14).

Table 5.14: Breakdown of Population by Ethnic Group, for Mukim Jeram; Kuala Selangor District and Mukim Kapar; Klang District, 2010. MALAYSIAN CITIZENS NON- TOTAL MUKIM Other MALAYSIAN POPULATION Malays Chinese Indians Others Bumiputera CITIZENS 45,352 37,643 82 2,002 3,080 53 2,492 Jeram 100.0% 83.0% 0.2% 4.4% 6.8% 0.1% 5.5% 262,994 135,436 1,069 61,021 38,822 1,036 25,610 Kapar 100.0% 51.5% 0.4% 23.2% 14.8% 0.4% 9.7% Source: Department of Statistics. “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas & Mukims 2010”

Based on the age breakdown, the working population in Mukim Jeram - i.e. aged between 15 and 59 years old - totalled at 29,022 (64%). This can be considered as a big pool of working people. Younger population between infancy to 14 years old totalled at 13,430

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-51 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01). people, while senior citizens above the age of 60 years were estimated at 2,773 people or 6.2%. The statistics showed similar scenario in Mukim Kapar - in which 67.8% of working population was recorded - followed by 26.6% of younger population and 5.6% of senior citizens (Table 5.15).

Table 5.15: Breakdown of Age, Mukim Jeram, Kuala Selangor District and Mukim Kapar; Klang District, 2010. AGE BREAKDOWN TOTAL MUKIM 60 – 75 years old POPULATION 0 – 14 years old 15 – 59 years old & above 45,352 13,530 29,022 2,773 Jeram 100.0% 29.8% 64.0% 6.2% 262,994 24,280 178,208 14,831 Kapar 100.0% 26.6 67.8 5.6 Source: Department of Statistics. “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas & Mukims 2010”.

Based on gender, the ratio of male and female population in Mukim Jeram is quite balanced and was recorded as 1.03 : 1, i.e. referring to 23,080 male population in comparison to 22,272 female population. However, a ratio of 1.16 male population : 1 female population is recorded in Mukim Kapar. In addition, the statistics also showed that the number of households for Mukim Jeram and Mukim Kapar was 9,562 and 61,423 respectively. These findings further reflected the average of 5 family members per household in Mukim Jeram; and 4 (4.3) family members per household in Mukim Kapar.

In comparing the number of households, a total of 11,184 living quarters further reflected an occupancy rate of 85.5% in Mukim Jeram (1,622 units are unoccupied). For Mukim Kapar, it is expected that about 11,691 units of living quarters are unoccupied – with an 84% occupacy rate (Table 5.16).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-52 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Table 5.16: Breakdowns of Population (Ethnic Group, Age, Gender and Residential Premises) Mukim Jeram, Kuala Selangor District and Mukim Kapar, Klang District 2010 PARAMETER and MUKIM JERAM MUKIM KAPAR BREAKDOWN Number/Percentage Number/Percentage TOTAL POPULATION 45,352 (100%) 262,994 (100%)

MALAYSIAN CITIZEN Malays 37,643 (83.0%) 135,436 (51.5%) Other Bumiputera 82 (0.2%) 1,069 (0.4%) Chinese 2,002 (4.4%) 61,021 (23.2%) Indians 3,080 (6.8%) 38,822 (14.8%) Others 53 (0.1%) 1,036 (0.4%) Non-Malaysian Citizen 2,492 (5.5%) 25,610 (9.7%)

AGE BREAKDOWN 0-14 years old 13,530 (29.8%) 24,280 (26.6%) 15-59 years old 29,022 (64.0%) 178,208 (67.8%) 60 years old and above 2,773 (6.2%) 14,831 (5.6%)

GENDER Male 23,080 141,557 Female 22,272 121,437

RESIDENTIAL PREMISES Households 9,562 61,423 Living Quarters 11,184 73,114

Sources: Department of Statistics. “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas & Mukims 2010”

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-53 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.10.4 Population Projection by Local Plan Studies i. Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025

Referring to the Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2013-2025, the study area is designated in Planning Block (PB) 7: Jeram, i.e. similar land area of Mukim Jeram.

In terms of population growth, the Local Plan forecasted about 2.61% of Annual Average Growth Rate (AAGR) 2010-2025 for Kuala Selangor District; and 2.99% for Mukim Jeram specifically. Hence, the number of population in Mukim Jeram or PB 7 was forecasted to increase from 45,352 people in 2010 to 70,526 people by year 2025 - i.e. about 23.3% of total population in Kuala Selangor District (Table 5.17). ii. Klang District Local Plan 2015

For the district bordered by the Study area – Klang District - the zone of impact was designated as PB 1: Kapar – Meru (part of Mukim Kapar). As the Local Plan was studied and planned for the planning period 2002 to 2015, the population growth was also projected until year 2015. With the 3.64% of AAGR, the number of population in PB 1 was forecasted to increase from 92,430 people (2002) to 145,000 people (2015), while total population in Klang District was also forecasted to increase to 1,172,300 people in year 2015 (Table 5.17).

Looking at the “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas and Mukims 2010”, the total population for Klang District in year 2010 is 842,146 people, i.e. 66,854 people (7.4%) lesser than Local Plan’s projection – recording about 4.22% of AAGR; 2002 – 2010. By assuming Klang District will develop along similar development trend as in the past few years, and experience a 4.22% AAGR for the next 10 to 15 years, the Study estimated that the total population in Klang District will increase from 842,146 (2010) to 1,035,482 people in year 2015; 1,273,204 people (2020); and 1,565,501 people in year 2025 (Table 5.17). iii. Shah Alam City Council Local Plan 2020

Beside the Kuala Selangor and Klang Districts, the administrative area of Shah Alam City Council also covers part of the municipal solid waste (MSW) catchment areas of Jeram Sanitary Landfill. The population of this administrative area was forecasted to increase from 646,890 people (2010) to 683,270 people in year 2015; and 768,100 people in year 2020 – with about 3.4% AAGR; 2000 – 2020 (Table 5.17).

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-54 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Hence, the population of these three (3) MSW catchment areas is expected to record about 2,307,531 people in year 2020. With the average waste disposal ratio of 0.8kg/ people/ day3, Jeram Sanitary Landfill is expected to receive and manage at least 1,846 tonne/ day of MSW in year 2020. However, the Study Team had design the proposed expansion sanitary landfill with a capacity for 2,500 tonne / day, in order to cater for the needs of urban and population growth in future.

Table 5.17: Population Projection (Planning Block, District, Administrative Areas and AAGR for years indicated). YEAR AAGR AREA (%) 2002 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 a. Population Projection of Planning Block Jeram and Kuala Selangor District, 2010 - 2010 – 2025. 2025 PB Jeram 45,352 52,276 60,545 70,526 2.99 Kuala Selangor District 205,257 234,521 266,227 302,219 2.61 Source: Kuala Selangor District Council Local Plan 2025. b. Population Projection of Planning Block Kapar – Meru and Klang District, 2002 - 2002 – 2015. 2015 PB Kapar – Meru 92,430 101,770 125,420 145,000 3.64 Klang District 605,000 704,800 909,000 1,172,300 5.22 Source: Klang District Local Plan 2015. c. Population Projection of Klang District, 2010 - 2010 – 2025 2025 842,146 1,035,482 1,273,204 1,565,501 Klang District 4.22 (a) (b) (b) (b) Source: (a) - Department of Statistics. “Population Distribution by Local Authority Areas & Mukims 2010”. Source: (b) - SEIA Study. DEIA for the Proposed Expansion of Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram (2015). d. Population Projection of Administrative Area of Shah Alam City Council, 2000 - 2000 – 2020. 2020 Klang District 395,637 475,260 646,890 683,270 768,100 3.4 Source: Shah Alam City Council Local Plan 2020.

3 “Bab 13: Sisa Pepejal. Laporan Tinjauan Kajian Rancangan Struktur Negeri Selangor 2035” Jabatan Perancangan Bandar dan Desa, Negeri Selangor.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-55 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

5.11 Traffic

5.11.1 Existing Traffic Condition

Based on the previous study done at the site, the proposed development has about 3 spot count point that had been conducted on the 3rd week of February 2015. The locations are as follow (refer Figure 5.26);

i. J1: Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1)/ Jln Simpang Tiga Jeram (B104) Junction; ii. J2: Local road (Jeram Sanitary Landfill)/ Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1) Junction; iii. J3: Jln Bukit Kerayong (B1)/ State Road B105 Junction;

All the counts were conducted manually at a 15 minutes interval and classified in into 5 main categories; car (include taxi and private van), motorcycle, light truck, heavy truck and lastly bus

5.11.2 Existing Traffic Performace

The peak hour occur during the survey done was at 7.30am till 8.30am for morning peak whilst 4.30pm till 5.30pm for evening peak. Based on the peak hour occur, the existing traffic volume on the existing road network and junctions are as being shown in Figure 5.27.

For road network, all the roads were in good LOS and operate below capacity. As for the junctions, all junctions were in good form.

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-56 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.26: Location of Spot Count Survey

Figure 5.26

EUROPASIA ENGINEERING SERVICES SDN. BHD. 5-57 Detailed EIA for the Proposed Expansion of 130.55 Acres Sanitary Landfill in Mukim Jeram, District of Kuala Selangor, Selangor Darul Ehsan (Rev.01).

Figure 5.27: Existing Junction Performance at Year 2015

Figure 5.27

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