Fencing and Edging Treatments for Cycling Infrastructure
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Guideline Fencing and edging treatments for cycling infrastructure February 2019 Copyright © The State of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads) 2019. Licence This work is licensed by the State of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads) under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0 International licence. CC BY licence summary statement You are free to copy, communicate and adapt this work, if you attribute the work to the State of Queensland (Department of Transport and Main Roads). To view a copy of this licence, visit: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Translating and interpreting assistance The Queensland Government is committed to providing accessible services to Queenslanders from all cultural and linguistic backgrounds. If you have difficulty understanding this publication and need a translator, please call the Translating and Interpreting Service (TIS National) on 13 14 50 and ask them to telephone the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads on 13 74 68. Disclaimer While every care has been taken in preparing this publication, the State of Queensland accepts no responsibility for decisions or actions taken because of any data, information, statement or advice, expressed or implied, contained within. To the best of our knowledge, the content was correct at the time of publishing. Feedback Please send your feedback regarding this document to: [email protected] Guideline, Transport and Main Roads, February 2019 Fencing and edging treatments for cycling infrastructure Contents 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................1 1.1 Scope .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Related documents ......................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Purpose ........................................................................................................................................... 2 2 Risk assessment ............................................................................................................................2 2.1 Identify the hazards ........................................................................................................................ 5 2.2 Eliminate the hazards ..................................................................................................................... 5 2.3 Likelihood, consequence and risk estimation tables ...................................................................... 6 3 Fences and barriers options for cycleways and shared paths .................................................9 3.1 Delineation .................................................................................................................................... 11 3.2 Rideable clear zone ...................................................................................................................... 12 3.3 Planting and landscaping .............................................................................................................. 13 3.4 Inclined edge treatments and edge treatments ............................................................................ 14 3.5 Low walls ...................................................................................................................................... 15 3.6 Partial barrier fence ...................................................................................................................... 16 3.7 Full barrier fence ........................................................................................................................... 18 3.8 Full barrier fence with screening ................................................................................................... 21 3.9 Road safety barriers – Smooth profile continuous ........................................................................ 23 3.10 Road safety barriers – Steel beam guardrail ................................................................................ 25 4 Design and placement of fences to reduce risk ...................................................................... 26 4.1 Risks associated with fences ........................................................................................................ 26 4.2 Examples of good fence placement ............................................................................................. 28 5 Further information..................................................................................................................... 29 Appendix A: Commentary .................................................................................................................. 30 Commentary 1: Examples of factors that affect likelihood of encounters with hazards ........................ 30 Commentary 2: Examples of factors that influence consequences of crashes ..................................... 33 Commentary 3: Comparison of cyclist fence height requirements in America ...................................... 35 Commentary 4: Barriers adjacent to cycle lanes ................................................................................... 36 Commentary 5: Kerbs as separation devices on bridges ...................................................................... 36 Commentary 6: Cyclist rails ................................................................................................................... 37 Commentary 7: Risks associated with fences ....................................................................................... 38 Commentary 8: Usable path width ........................................................................................................ 39 Appendix B: Risks assessment worksheet examples ..................................................................... 42 Guideline, Transport and Main Roads, February 2019 i Fencing and edging treatments for cycling infrastructure Tables Table 1.2 – Summary of related documents ........................................................................................... 1 Table 2.1 – Common types of hazards and criteria for evaluating risk ................................................... 5 Table 2.3(A) – Consequence estimates for path user encounters with specific hazards ....................... 7 Table 2.3(B) – Factors that contribute to likelihood of user encounters with hazards ............................ 8 Table 2.3(C) – Resulting level of risk ...................................................................................................... 9 Table 4.1 – Factors that increase risk of being harmed by fence ......................................................... 26 Table A1 – Risk categories and adjustment factor for effective height of falls ...................................... 34 Figure A7 – Simulation of a low-speed and high-speed cyclist falling after losing control .................... 34 Table A2 – Risks associated with fences constructed near or adjacent to paths ................................. 38 Figures Figure 2 – Flow chart of risk assessment process .................................................................................. 4 Figure 4.2(A) – Preferred fencing arrangement showing fence terminations splayed away from path at either side of creek crossing .................................................................................................................. 28 Figure 4.2(B) – Example of good fence placement where the fence borders the hazard and is set back from the path ......................................................................................................................................... 28 Figure 4.2(C) – Example of good fence choice and placement, featuring a chainmesh fence set back 0.5 m from the path edge ...................................................................................................................... 29 Figure 4.2(D) – A good example of splayed, fence termination points (Caloundra) ............................. 29 Figure A1 – The fence on the path may pose a greater risk to users than other hazards .................... 30 Figure A2 –1.0 m raised buffer separates users from potentially high severity crashes. ..................... 31 Figure A3 –Small separator between cycle path and traffic lane .......................................................... 31 Figure A4– A low risk facility, in a predictable environment with a rideable shoulder zone .................. 31 Figure A5 – Batter slopes adjacent to paths may propel users towards hazards ................................. 32 Figure A6– Culverts and headwalls are a common hazard. Where possible, hazards should be obvious to path users and offset from the path. .................................................................................... 33 Figure A8 – Simulation of young bicycle rider colliding with barrier and falling over handlebars ......... 35 Figure A9 – Maydmo simulation of crash where a rider lost control after striking a concrete kerb and collided with a guardrail ......................................................................................................................... 36 Figure A10 – Photo showing path used by cyclists with a kerb separation to traffic lane ..................... 37 Figure A11 –