Cycle Infrastructure Design

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Cycle Infrastructure Design Cycle Infrastructure Design Local Transport Note 1/20 July 2020 Cycle Infrastructure Design Local Transport Note 1/20 July 2020 This Local Transport Note was commissioned by the Department for Transport. It was led by WSP and Phil Jones Associates in collaboration with a DfT-led expert steering group. Published by TSO (The Stationery Office), part of Williams Lea, and available from: Online www.tsoshop.co.uk Mail, Telephone, Fax & E-mail TSO PO Box 29, Norwich, NR3 1GN Telephone orders/General enquiries: 0333 202 5070 Fax orders: 0333 202 5080 E-mail: [email protected] Textphone 0333 202 5077 TSO@Blackwell and other Accredited Agents Published with the permission of the Department for Transport on behalf of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Office. © Crown copyright 2020 All rights reserved Copyright in the typographical arrangement rests with the Crown. You may re-use this document/publication (not including logos) free of charge in any format or medium, under the terms of the Open Government Licence v3.0. To view this licence, visit http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/doc/open-government-licence/version/3 or write to the Information Policy Team, The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey TW9 4DU; or email: [email protected]. First published 2020 ISBN 978 0 11 553713 4 Printed in the United Kingdom for TSO (The Stationery Office) J003658610 c2.5 07/20 Cycle Infrastructure Design Contents Foreword ....................................................................................... 3 1 Introduction ....................................................................... 5 2 Cycling in context ........................................................... 15 3 Planning for cycling ........................................................ 21 4 Design principles and processes ................................. 29 5 Geometric requirements ................................................ 39 6 Space for cycling within highways ............................... 49 7 Quiet mixed traffic streets and lanes ........................... 73 8 Motor traffic free routes ................................................ 83 9 Transitions between carriageways, cycle lanes and cycle tracks .............................................................. 89 10 Junctions and crossings ................................................ 95 11 Cycle parking and other equipment ........................... 131 12 Planning and designing for commercial cycling ........141 13 Traffic signs, road markings and wayfinding ............ 145 1 Cycle Infrastructure Design 14 Integrating cycling with highway improvements and new developments ................................................ 153 15 Construction and maintenance .................................. 163 Appendices ............................................................................... 171 Appendix A: Cycling Level of Service Tool ............................ 172 Appendix B: Junction Assessment Tool ................................ 178 Appendix C: Legal issues ........................................................ 185 Appendix D: Image list and credits ........................................ 193 2 Foreword As the Prime Minister said when he launched the The Department for Transport will also reserve the right Government’s ambitious plan for cycling in July 2020, to ask for appropriate funding to be returned for any cycling will play a far bigger part in our transport system schemes built in a way which is not consistent with the from now on. We need to see significant increases in guidance. In short, schemes which do not follow this cycling in our cities and towns, and everywhere else too. guidance will not be funded. To achieve that, the quality of cycling infrastructure This guidance has been developed closely with must sharply improve. Properly-protected bike lanes, stakeholders so that it reflects the latest developments cycle-safe junctions and interventions for low-traffic in cycle infrastructure design, including proven design streets encourage people to cycle. elements pioneered by Transport for London and by the Cycle Ambition Cities and in Wales under the Too much cycling infrastructure is substandard, providing Welsh Active Travel Design Guidance. I am grateful little protection from motorised traffic and giving up at the to our stakeholders for their valuable input into the very places it is most needed. Some is actually worse review process. than nothing, because it entices novice cyclists with the promise of protection, then abandons them at the most It reflects current best practice, standards and legal important places. Poor cycling infrastructure discourages requirements. Inclusive cycling is an underlying theme cycling and wastes public money. throughout so that people cycling of all ages and abilities are considered. The design options include segregation In some places, even without much special provision, from traffic, measures for cycling at junctions and cycling is already mass transit. Last year in Greater roundabouts, and updated guidance on crossings, signal Manchester, for example, as many journeys were made design and the associated traffic signs and road markings. by bike as on the conurbation’s entire Metrolink tram system. In central London, bikes made up almost a third Furthermore, to receive Government funding for local of rush-hour traffic. And that was before the COVID19 highways investment where the main element is not pandemic, which resulted in large increases as people cycling or walking, there will be a presumption that rediscovered cycling and walking during lockdown. schemes must deliver or improve cycling infrastructure to the standards in this Local Transport Note, unless it This updated national guidance for highway authorities can be shown that there is little or no need for cycling in and designers aims to help cycling become a form of the particular highway scheme. mass transit in many more places. Cycling must no longer be treated as marginal, or an afterthought. It must not be The Department will work with the highways and seen as mainly part of the leisure industry, but as a means transportation professions to ensure that the guidance is of everyday transport. It must be placed at the heart of understood by local authorities and their supply chain so the transport network, with the capital spending, road that it is embedded in local highways design standards, space and traffic planners’ attention befitting that role. which will enable people of all ages and abilities to cycle. The guidance delivers on our commitment to boost The guidance will be reviewed regularly to ensure it design standards and improve safety. It sets out the continues to reflect the latest developments in cycle much higher standards now expected, and describes infrastructure design practice. some of the failings common in the past, which will be strongly discouraged in future. The Government intends that all proposed schemes will be checked by a new inspectorate against the summary principles before funding is agreed, and that finished schemes will be inspected as appropriate to ensure that they have been delivered in compliance with them. It will be a condition of any future Government funding Chris Heaton-Harris MP for new cycle infrastructure that it is designed in a Minister of State with responsibility for cycling way that is consistent with this national guidance. and walking 3 1 Introduction The statutory Cycling and Walking Investment Strategy (CWIS) sets a clear ambition to make cycling and walking the natural choices for short journeys or as part of a longer journey with supporting objectives to increase cycling and walking levels. This guidance supports the delivery of high-quality cycle infrastructure to deliver this ambition and objective; and reflects current good practice, standards and legal requirements. Inclusive cycling is the underlying theme so that people of all ages and abilities are considered. Much has changed in the world of cycle infrastructure since LTN 2/08 was published over a decade ago and this guidance has been developed in partnership with a range of stakeholders and experts to ensure it reflects the latest developments in cycle infrastructure design, including proven design elements pioneered in London under Transport for London and in Wales under the Welsh Government. Cycle Infrastructure Design 1.1 Summary of 1.2 Purpose requirements 1.2.1 This Local Transport Note provides guidance and good practice for the design of cycle infrastructure, 1.1.1 Local authorities are responsible for setting in support of the Cycling and Walking Investment design standards for their roads. This national guidance Strategy. The scope of the document is limited to design provides a recommended basis for those standards matters. Further reading on related matters, helpful tools based on five overarching design principles and 22 and advice on procedural issues are included in the summary principles. There will be an expectation that Appendices. Local Transport Note (LTN) 1/20 replaces local authorities will demonstrate that they have given due previous guidance on cycle infrastructure design consideration to this guidance when designing new provided by LTN 2/08, and accordingly LTN 2/08 is cycling schemes and, in particular, when applying for withdrawn. Government funding that includes cycle infrastructure. 1.2.2 LTN 1/20 also replaces LTN 1/12: Shared Use 1.1.2 The guidance contains tools which give local Routes for Pedestrians and
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