DOCSLIB.ORG

FINAL REPORT of the WORKSHOP on LONG-TERM MONITORING of GLACIERS of NORTH AMERICA and NORTHWESTERN EUROPE Richard S. Williams, J

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
FINAL REPORT of the WORKSHOP on LONG-TERM MONITORING of GLACIERS of NORTH AMERICA and NORTHWESTERN EUROPE Richard S. Williams, J FINAL REPORT of the WORKSHOP ON LONG-TERM MONITORING OF GLACIERS OF NORTH AMERICA AND NORTHWESTERN EUROPE Richard S. Williams, Jr.,1 and Jane G. Ferrigno,2 Workshop Coordinators U.S. Geological Survey ^oods Hole Field Center-Quissett Campus 384 Woods Hole Road Woods Hole, MA 02543-1598 U.S.A. 2955 National Center Reston, VA 20192-0001 U.S.A. USGS OPEN-FILE REPORT 98-31 1997 This report is preliminary and has not yet been reviewed for conformity with USGS editorial standards. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. Workshop on Long-Term Monitoring science USGSfora changing world of Glaciers of North America and Northwestern Europe FINAL REPORT of the WORKSHOP ON LONG-TERM MONITORING OF GLACIERS OF NORTH AMERICA AND NORTHWESTERN EUROPE (Convened at the University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA on 11-13 September 1996) Workshop Coordinators: Richard S. Williams, Jr., and Jane G. Ferrigno, USGS INSTITUTIONAL PARTICIPATION: Environment Canada . French Space Agency Environmental Research Institute of . National Energy Authority (Iceland) Michigan . Portland State University Geological Survey of Canada . Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Geological Survey of Denmark and . University of Alaska Greenland .U.S. Department of the Interior International Glaciological Society . University of Colorado National Aeronautics and Space . University of Oslo (Norway) Administration . University of Wales (U.K.) National Oceanic and Atmospheric . University of Zurich-Irchel (Switzerland) Administration USGS Woods Hole, MA 02543 1997 Sponsored by: Global Change and Climate History Program, Geologic Division, USGS TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Executive Summary 5 Workshop recommendations 7 Introduction 13 History of USGS Involvement in Glacier Studies 13 Climate Change and Variations in the Earth's Cryosphere 15 Reviews and Assessment of USGS Glaciology Programs 16 Objectives and Rationale for the Workshop 19 Participating Institutions 22 Structure of the Workshop 24 Acknowledgments 25 Long-Term Monitoring of Glaciers of North America 26 and Northwestern Europe: Workshop Summaries and Abstracts I. Existing Data Bases and Current Status for Monitoring Glaciers 27 of North America and Northwestern Europe ALASKA Data Base and Geographical Perspective for Monitoring 28 Glaciers of Alaska, by Dennis C. Trabant, USGS, with contributions from Carl S. Benson and Keith Echelmeyer, University of Alaska, and Phil Brease and James Roush, National Park Service. CANADA The Canadian Glacier Variations Monitoring and Assessment 37 Network: Status and Future Perspectives, by Michael N. Demuth, National Hydrology Research Institute (Canada). Status of Glacier Monitoring in the Canadian Arctic, by 52 Roy M. Koerner, Geological Survey of Canada. Monitoring and Inventorying the Glaciers of Canada: An 53 Historical Review and Personal Comments, by C. Simon L. Ommanney, International Glaciological Society. CONTERMINOUS UNITED STATES Status of Glacier Monitoring and the Remote Sensing Snow- 56 and Ice-Data Base in the Conterminous USA, by Robert M. Krimmel, USGS. GREENLAND Status of Glacier Monitoring of Greenland, by Anker Weidick, 58 Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (Denmark). ICELAND Glacier Monitoring in Iceland: The Glacier Variation Data Set 59 of the Iceland Glaciological Society, by Oddur Sigurdsson, National Energy Authority (Iceland). NORWAY AND SWEDEN Status of Ground-Based Glacier Monitoring in Scandinavia 61 and Svalbard, by Jon Ove Hagen, University of Oslo (Norway). HIGH ARCTIC Arctic Ice Masses, Recent Climate Change, and Implications for 62 Global Sea Level, by Julien A. Dowdeswell, University of Wales, Centre for Glaciology II. Current and Planned Remote Sensing Technology for Monitoring Glaciers 64 Monitoring Glaciers with Airborne and Spaceborne Laser Altimetry, 65 by James B. Garvin, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Satellite Remote Sensing (Imaging), by Dorothy K. Hall, 68 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Use of Upcoming Satellite Technology, by Hugh H. Kieffer, USGS 70 Glacier Monitoring Using Classified National Systems, 71 by Edward G. Josberger, USGS An Overview of LightsAR; A Proposed Radar Satellite, by James W. 72 Schoonmaker, Jr., USGS Monitoring of Glaciers: The NASA Pathfinder Program, by David A. 73 Kirtland, USGS Measurement of Changes in the Area and Volume of the Earth's Large 74 Glaciers with Satellite Sensors, by Richard S. Williams, Jr., USGS; James B. Garvin, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Oddur Sigurdsson, National Energy Authority (Iceland); Dorothy K. Hall, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; and Jane G. Ferrigno, USGS III. International Data Centers for Archiving Ground, Airborne, and Satellite 77 Data of Glaciers Data Management for Long-Term Monitoring of Fluctuations of Glaciers 78 of North America and Northwestern Europe, by Greg Scharfen, National Snow and Ice Data Center/World Data Center-A for Glaciology, John L. Dwyer, EROS Data Center, and Stephan Suter, World Glacier Monitoring Service/Swiss Federal Institute of Technology The World Glacier Monitoring Service, by Wilfried Haeberli, University 80 of Zurich-Irchel, and Martin Hoelzle and Stephan Suter, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology IV. Monitoring of Various Glaciers in North America and Northwestern Europe: 84 Miscellaneous Contributions Determination of Changes in the Volume of Mountain Glaciers Using 85 Airborne Laser Altimetry, by Keith Echelmeyer, William D. Harrison, Joseph J. Sapiano, Gudfinna Adalgeirsdottir, Laurence Sombardier, Bernard T. Rabus, and Jeannette (De Mallie) Gorda, University of Alaska-Geophysical Institute The Mass of McCall Glacier. Its Regional Relevance and Climatological 86 Implications for Climate Change in the Arctic, by Bernard T. Rabus, and Keith Echelmeyer, University of Alaska-Geophysical Institute Remote Sensing of Glacier Fluctuations Using Landsat Data: Lessons 87 Learned, by John L. Dwyer, EROS Data Center Glacier Recession and Ecological Implications at Glacier National Park, 88 Montana, by Carl H. Key, Starr Johnson, and Daniel B. Fagre, USGS, and Richard K. Menicke, National Park Service Glacier Monitoring in Denali National Park and Preserve, Alaska: Integrating 91 Field Study and Remote Sensing, by James Roush and Phil Brease, National Park Service An Integrated Approach for Monitoring Changes at Bering Glacier, Alaska, 92 by Bruce F. Molnia and Austin Post, USGS V. Appendices 98 1. Planned Agenda for Workshop on Monitoring Fluctuations of Glaciers of 99 North America and Northwestern Europe 2. List of Attendees 101 3. List of Invitees Who Were Unable to Attend 108 4. Selected Background Reading [Pre-Workshop] 110 5. Selected Reading [Post-Workshop] 111 6. Importance of Revitalization of the USGS Glaciology Program, by 112 Robert A. Bindschadler, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 7. Review of Past, Present, and Future Earth Observing Platforms (USGS Biological 114 Resources Division) 8. Available Data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service 125 9. How to Get Data from the World Glacier Monitoring Service 138 10. International Arctic Science Committee (IASC) Priority Projects, 140 Core Groups and Networks Workshop on Long-Term Monitoring of Glaciers of North America and Northwestern Europe EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The Geologic Division's Global Change and Climate History Program sponsored a Workshop on Long-Term Monitoring of Glaciers of North America and Northwestern Europe on 11-13 September 1996 hosted by the USGS (WRD) Ice and Climate Project at the University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA. The primary motivation for the Workshop was the recognition that airborne and satellite remote sensing of areal and volumetric changes in glaciers had reached the stage where quantitative scientific information could be derived from remotely-sensed data that had previously only been available from direct field measurements. In addition, many long-term national glacier-observation networks that had been established in the U.S. and Canada after World War II were being reduced or eliminated because of budgetary cutbacks. Institutional and programmatic reductions have caused the termination of many long-term datasets that are especially valuable in determining whether observed changes in key environmental parameters, such as glaciers, caused by changes in regional or local climate, are the result of natural variability, impact of human activity, or both. The Workshop provided the opportunity to develop a new strategy using satellite remote sensing, in conjunction with ground-based observations, to continue and possibly expand the existing ground-based network of glaciers being studied and monitored by various institutions in North America and Northwestern Europe. Such a plan would maximize the scientific results while utilizing available governmental funding in the most efficient and cost-effective way. Thirty-two scientists with special knowledge of the glaciers of North America (Alaska, Canada, Western U.S., and Greenland) and Northwestern Europe (Iceland, Jan Mayen, Svalbard, Norway, Sweden, and the Russian Arctic Islands) participated; they represented 17 different institutions, including 7 U.S. and 10 foreign. The four science divisions of the USGS [Biological Resources Division (BRD), Geologic Division (GD), National Mapping Division (NMD), and the Water Resources Division (WRD)] and the U.S. National Park Service of the U.S. Department of the Interior were all represented. Part I of the Workshop included presentations by glaciologists from
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Modelling the Transfer of Supraglacial Meltwater to the Bed of Leverett Glacier, Southwest Greenland
    The Cryosphere, 9, 123–138, 2015 www.the-cryosphere.net/9/123/2015/ doi:10.5194/tc-9-123-2015 © Author(s) 2015. CC Attribution 3.0 License. Modelling the transfer of supraglacial meltwater to the bed of Leverett Glacier, Southwest Greenland C. C. Clason1, D. W. F. Mair2, P. W. Nienow3, I. D. Bartholomew3, A. Sole4, S. Palmer5, and W. Schwanghart6 1Department of Physical Geography and Quaternary Geology, Stockholm University, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 2Geography and Environment, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 3UF, UK 3School of Geosciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK 4Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK 5Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, EX4 4RJ, UK 6Institute of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany Correspondence to: C. C. Clason ([email protected]) Received: 23 June 2014 – Published in The Cryosphere Discuss.: 29 July 2014 Revised: 12 December 2014 – Accepted: 24 December 2014 – Published: 22 January 2015 Abstract. Meltwater delivered to the bed of the Greenland melt to the bed matches the observed delay between the peak Ice Sheet is a driver of variable ice-motion through changes air temperatures and subsequent velocity speed-ups, while in effective pressure and enhanced basal lubrication. Ice sur- the instantaneous transfer of melt to the bed in a control sim- face velocities have been shown to respond rapidly both ulation does not. Although both moulins and lake drainages to meltwater production at the surface and to drainage of are predicted to increase in number for future warmer climate supraglacial lakes, suggesting efficient transfer of meltwa- scenarios, the lake drainages play an increasingly important ter from the supraglacial to subglacial hydrological systems.
    [Show full text]
  • 2020 January Scree
    the SCREE Mountaineering Club of Alaska January 2020 Volume 63, Number 1 Contents Mount Anno Domini Peak 2330 and Far Out Peak Devils Paw North Taku Tower Randoism via Rosie’s Roost "The greatest danger for Berlin Wall most of us is not that our aim is too high and we Katmai and the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes miss it, but that it is too Peak of the Month: Old Snowy low and we reach it." – Michelangelo JANUARY MEETING: Wednesday, January 8, at 6:30 p.m. Luc Mehl will give the presentation. The Mountaineering Club of Alaska www.mtnclubak.org "To maintain, promote, and perpetuate the association of persons who are interested in promoting, sponsoring, im- proving, stimulating, and contributing to the exercise of skill and safety in the Art and Science of Mountaineering." This issue brought to you by: Editor—Steve Gruhn assisted by Dawn Munroe Hut Needs and Notes Cover Photo If you are headed to one of the MCA huts, please consult the Hut Gabe Hayden high on Devils Paw. Inventory and Needs on the website (http://www.mtnclubak.org/ Photo by Brette Harrington index.cfm/Huts/Hut-Inventory-and-Needs) or Greg Bragiel, MCA Huts Committee Chairman, at either [email protected] or (907) 350-5146 to see what needs to be taken to the huts or repaired. All JANUARY MEETING huts have tools and materials so that anyone can make basic re- Wednesday, January 8, at 6:30 p.m. at the BP Energy Center at pairs. Hutmeisters are needed for each hut: If you have a favorite 1014 Energy Court in Anchorage.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Primer
    Antarctic Primer By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller By Nigel Sitwell, Tom Ritchie & Gary Miller Designed by: Olivia Young, Aurora Expeditions October 2018 Cover image © I.Tortosa Morgan Suite 12, Level 2 35 Buckingham Street Surry Hills, Sydney NSW 2010, Australia To anyone who goes to the Antarctic, there is a tremendous appeal, an unparalleled combination of grandeur, beauty, vastness, loneliness, and malevolence —all of which sound terribly melodramatic — but which truly convey the actual feeling of Antarctica. Where else in the world are all of these descriptions really true? —Captain T.L.M. Sunter, ‘The Antarctic Century Newsletter ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 3 CONTENTS I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Guidance for Visitors to the Antarctic Antarctica’s Historic Heritage South Georgia Biosecurity II. THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT Antarctica The Southern Ocean The Continent Climate Atmospheric Phenomena The Ozone Hole Climate Change Sea Ice The Antarctic Ice Cap Icebergs A Short Glossary of Ice Terms III. THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Life in Antarctica Adapting to the Cold The Kingdom of Krill IV. THE WILDLIFE Antarctic Squids Antarctic Fishes Antarctic Birds Antarctic Seals Antarctic Whales 4 AURORA EXPEDITIONS | Pioneering expedition travel to the heart of nature. CONTENTS V. EXPLORERS AND SCIENTISTS The Exploration of Antarctica The Antarctic Treaty VI. PLACES YOU MAY VISIT South Shetland Islands Antarctic Peninsula Weddell Sea South Orkney Islands South Georgia The Falkland Islands South Sandwich Islands The Historic Ross Sea Sector Commonwealth Bay VII. FURTHER READING VIII. WILDLIFE CHECKLISTS ANTARCTIC PRIMER 2018 | 5 Adélie penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula I. CONSERVING ANTARCTICA Antarctica is the largest wilderness area on earth, a place that must be preserved in its present, virtually pristine state.
    [Show full text]
  • Federal Register/Vol. 84, No. 78/Tuesday, April 23, 2019/Rules
    Federal Register / Vol. 84, No. 78 / Tuesday, April 23, 2019 / Rules and Regulations 16791 U.S.C. 3501 et seq., nor does it require Agricultural commodities, Pesticides SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The any special considerations under and pests, Reporting and recordkeeping Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, as Executive Order 12898, entitled requirements. amended (‘‘ACA’’) (16 U.S.C. 2401, et ‘‘Federal Actions to Address Dated: April 12, 2019. seq.) implements the Protocol on Environmental Justice in Minority Environmental Protection to the Richard P. Keigwin, Jr., Populations and Low-Income Antarctic Treaty (‘‘the Protocol’’). Populations’’ (59 FR 7629, February 16, Director, Office of Pesticide Programs. Annex V contains provisions for the 1994). Therefore, 40 CFR chapter I is protection of specially designated areas Since tolerances and exemptions that amended as follows: specially managed areas and historic are established on the basis of a petition sites and monuments. Section 2405 of under FFDCA section 408(d), such as PART 180—[AMENDED] title 16 of the ACA directs the Director the tolerance exemption in this action, of the National Science Foundation to ■ do not require the issuance of a 1. The authority citation for part 180 issue such regulations as are necessary proposed rule, the requirements of the continues to read as follows: and appropriate to implement Annex V Regulatory Flexibility Act (5 U.S.C. 601 Authority: 21 U.S.C. 321(q), 346a and 371. to the Protocol. et seq.) do not apply. ■ 2. Add § 180.1365 to subpart D to read The Antarctic Treaty Parties, which This action directly regulates growers, as follows: includes the United States, periodically food processors, food handlers, and food adopt measures to establish, consolidate retailers, not States or tribes.
    [Show full text]
  • Fln.Tflrcit.IC
    flN.TflRCiT.IC A NEWS BULLETIN published quorterly by the NEW ZEALAND ANTARCTIC SOCIETY (INC) &S» Pause in history. New Zealand huskies from Scott Base rest outside Scott's hut at Cape Evans before resuming their journey up the lower slopes of Mt Erebus late in October. With the team is Con Faber, dog handler at Scott Base last winter. Photo by Colin Monteath Vol.9, No.4 wlmnKNew^ December, 1980 PGZMSP&GVEW1 SOUTH GEORGIA ".. SOUTH SANDWICH Is SOUTH ORKNEY Is ' \ *&2H ■ Sanae s a Noydlazarevskaya ussr 6Signy I.uk y\ //oOrcadas arg \ /^{ I Syowa sjapan \ K.E SOUTH AMERICA j/\ ff Borga I oo Molodezhnaya \y A- SOUTH t o N v r \ U S S R S \ SH€TIAN0>>. Wep0HMm,nmM ORONNING MAUD tANO• E N D E R B Y \ ) / ^ \ L A N D T V " \ Druhnayau s s r . ^^General J C * . ^Belgrano " " - »arc ^ > /\\ Mawson \ ANTARCTIC'7 MAC ROBERTSON LAND^ \ *ust \ /PENINSULA'* Sobldl ARG Davis aust ! U S A Amundsen-Scott I QUEEN MARY LAND 4Minry ELLSWORTH USA / ' ft USSR > LANO "'■ / ° V o s t o k u s s R / f t MARIE BYR0X^"Mi $Mf\<\ 1 L A N D / H F ^ r ^ ' WILKES LAND / R O S S | N Z ; s. / SEA I ■ 'VICTORIA .TERRE , LAND \/A0Etlt/> Uningradskaya ,-V' USSR,-' \ -"''BALIENYI$N ANTARCTIC PENINSULA 1 Tenimte Matienro arg 2 Esperarua arg 3 Almirante Brown arg 4 Petrel arg 5 Oectpcion arg 6 yictcomodoro Marambio arc » ANTARCTICA 7 Arturo Prat chile 8 Bernardo O'Higgins chile 500 1000 Milts 9 Presidente Frei chile 1000 Kilometres 10 Stonington I.
    [Show full text]
  • Supraglacial Rivers on the Northwest Greenland Ice Sheet, Devon Ice Cap, and Barnes Ice Cap Mapped Using Sentinel-2 Imagery
    This is a repository copy of Supraglacial rivers on the northwest Greenland Ice Sheet, Devon Ice Cap, and Barnes Ice Cap mapped using Sentinel-2 imagery. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/141238/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Yang, K., Smith, L., Sole, A. et al. (4 more authors) (2019) Supraglacial rivers on the northwest Greenland Ice Sheet, Devon Ice Cap, and Barnes Ice Cap mapped using Sentinel-2 imagery. International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation, 78. pp. 1-13. ISSN 0303-2434 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jag.2019.01.008 Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. [email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ 1 Supraglacial rivers on the northwest Greenland Ice Sheet, Devon Ice Cap, and 2 Barnes Ice Cap mapped using Sentinel-2 imagery 3 Kang Yang1,2,3, Laurence C.
    [Show full text]
  • Antarctic Treaty Handbook
    Annex Proposed Renumbering of Antarctic Protected Areas Existing SPA’s Existing Site Proposed Year Annex V No. New Site Management Plan No. Adopted ‘Taylor Rookery 1 101 1992 Rookery Islands 2 102 1992 Ardery Island and Odbert Island 3 103 1992 Sabrina Island 4 104 Beaufort Island 5 105 Cape Crozier [redesignated as SSSI no.4] - - Cape Hallet 7 106 Dion Islands 8 107 Green Island 9 108 Byers Peninsula [redesignated as SSSI no. 6] - - Cape Shireff [redesignated as SSSI no. 32] - - Fildes Peninsula [redesignated as SSSI no.5] - - Moe Island 13 109 1995 Lynch Island 14 110 Southern Powell Island 15 111 1995 Coppermine Peninsula 16 112 Litchfield Island 17 113 North Coronation Island 18 114 Lagotellerie Island 19 115 New College Valley 20 116 1992 Avian Island (was SSSI no. 30) 21 117 ‘Cryptogram Ridge’ 22 118 Forlidas and Davis Valley Ponds 23 119 Pointe-Geologic Archipelago 24 120 1995 Cape Royds 1 121 Arrival Heights 2 122 Barwick Valley 3 123 Cape Crozier (was SPA no. 6) 4 124 Fildes Peninsula (was SPA no. 12) 5 125 Byers Peninsula (was SPA no. 10) 6 126 Haswell Island 7 127 Western Shore of Admiralty Bay 8 128 Rothera Point 9 129 Caughley Beach 10 116 1995 ‘Tramway Ridge’ 11 130 Canada Glacier 12 131 Potter Peninsula 13 132 Existing SPA’s Existing Site Proposed Year Annex V No. New Site Management Plan No. Adopted Harmony Point 14 133 Cierva Point 15 134 North-east Bailey Peninsula 16 135 Clark Peninsula 17 136 North-west White Island 18 137 Linnaeus Terrace 19 138 Biscoe Point 20 139 Parts of Deception Island 21 140 ‘Yukidori Valley’ 22 141 Svarthmaren 23 142 Summit of Mount Melbourne 24 118 ‘Marine Plain’ 25 143 Chile Bay 26 144 Port Foster 27 145 South Bay 28 146 Ablation Point 29 147 Avian Island [redesignated as SPA no.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Glacier Facies Zonation on Devon Ice Cap, Nunavut, Detected
    The Cryosphere Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2018-250 Manuscript under review for journal The Cryosphere Discussion started: 26 November 2018 c Author(s) 2018. CC BY 4.0 License. 1 Changes in glacier facies zonation on Devon Ice Cap, Nunavut, detected from SAR imagery 2 and field observations 3 4 Tyler de Jong1, Luke Copland1, David Burgess2 5 1 Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario 6 K1N 6N5, Canada 7 2 Natural Resources Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, Canada 8 9 Abstract 10 Envisat ASAR WS images, verified against mass balance, ice core, ground-penetrating radar and 11 air temperature measurements, are used to map changes in the distribution of glacier facies zones 12 across Devon Ice Cap between 2004 and 2011. Glacier ice, saturation/percolation and pseudo dry 13 snow zones are readily distinguishable in the satellite imagery, and the superimposed ice zone can 14 be mapped after comparison with ground measurements. Over the study period there has been a 15 clear upglacier migration of glacier facies, resulting in regions close to the firn line switching from 16 being part of the accumulation area with high backscatter to being part of the ablation area with 17 relatively low backscatter. This has coincided with a rapid increase in positive degree days near 18 the ice cap summit, and an increase in the glacier ice zone from 71% of the ice cap in 2005 to 92% 19 of the ice cap in 2011. This has significant implications for the area of the ice cap subject to 20 meltwater runoff.
    [Show full text]
  • United States Antarctic Program S Nm 5 Helicopter Landing Facilities 22 2010-11 Ms 180 N Manuela (! USAP Helo Sites (! ANZ Helo Sites This Page: 1
    160°E 165°E ALL170°E FACILITIES Terra Nova Bay s United States Antarctic Program nm 5 22 Helicopter Landing Facilities ms 180 n Manuela 2010-11 (! (! This page: USAP Helo Sites ANZ Helo Sites 75°S 1. All facilities 75°S 2. Ross Island Maps by Brad Herried Facilities provided by 3. Koettlitz Glacier Area ANTARCTIC GEOSPATIAL INFORMATION CENTER United States Antarctic Program Next page: 4. Dry Valleys August 2010 Basemap data from ADD / LIMA ROSS ISLAND Peak Brimstone P Cape Bird (ASPA 116) (! (! Mt Bird Franklin Is 76°S Island 76°S 90 nms Lewis Bay (A ! ay (ASPA 156) Mt Erebus (Fang Camp)(! ( (! Tripp Island Fang Glacier ror vasse Lower Erebus Hut Ter rth Cre (!(! Mt No Hoopers Shoulder (!M (! (! (! (! Pony Lake (! Mt Erebus (!(! Cape Cape Royds Cones (AWS Site 114) Crozier (ASPA 124) o y Convoy Range Beaufort Island (AS Battleship Promontory C SPA 105) Granite Harbour Cape Roberts Mt Seuss (! Cotton Glacier Cape Evans rk 77°S T s ad (! Turks Head ! (!(! ( 77°S AWS 101 - Tent Island Big Razorback Island CH Surv ey Site 4 McMurdo Station CH Su (! (! rvey Sit s CH te 3 Survey (! Scott Base m y Site 2 n McMurdo Station CH W Wint - ules Island ! 5 5 t 3 Ju ( er Stora AWS 113 - J l AWS 108 3 ge - Biesia Site (! da Crevasse 1 F AWS Ferrell (! 108 - Bies (! (! siada Cr (! revasse Cape Chocolate (! AWS 113 - Jules Island 78°S AWS 109 Hobbs Glacier 9 - White Is la 78°S nd Salmon Valley L (! Lorne AWS AWS 111 - Cape s (! Spencer Range m Garwood Valley (main camp) Bratina I Warren n (! (!na Island 45 Marshall Vall (! Valley Ross I Miers Valley (main
    [Show full text]
  • Unabated Wastage of the Juneau and Stikine Icefields
    The Cryosphere, 12, 1523–1530, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-1523-2018 © Author(s) 2018. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Brief communication: Unabated wastage of the Juneau and Stikine icefields (southeast Alaska) in the early 21st century Etienne Berthier1, Christopher Larsen2, William J. Durkin3, Michael J. Willis4, and Matthew E. Pritchard3 1LEGOS, Université de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, 31400 Toulouse, France 2Geophysical Institute, University of Alaska Fairbanks, Fairbanks, AK, USA 3Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA 4Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA Correspondence: Etienne Berthier ([email protected]) Received: 7 December 2017 – Discussion started: 5 January 2018 Revised: 4 April 2018 – Accepted: 9 April 2018 – Published: 27 April 2018 Abstract. The large Juneau and Stikine icefields (Alaska) al., 2002; Berthier et al., 2010; Larsen et al., 2007). Space- lost mass rapidly in the second part of the 20th century. Laser borne gravimetry and laser altimetry data indicate continuing altimetry, gravimetry and field measurements suggest contin- rapid mass loss in southeast Alaska between 2003 and 2009 uing mass loss in the early 21st century. However, two recent (Arendt et al., 2013). studies based on time series of Shuttle Radar Topographic For the JIF, Larsen et al. (2007) found a negative mass Mission (SRTM) and Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emis- balance of −0.62 m w.e. a−1 for a time interval starting in sion and Reflection Radiometer (ASTER) digital elevation 1948/82/87 (depending on the map dates) and ending in models (DEMs) indicate a slowdown in mass loss after 2000.
    [Show full text]
  • Bulletin Vol. 13 No. 6 June 1994 Voilodvlnv Antarctic Vol
    aniamcik Bulletin Vol. 13 No. 6 June 1994 VOIlOdVlNV Antarctic Vol. 13 No. 6 Issue No. 149 June 1994 Contents Polar New Zealand 226 Australia 238 France 240, 263 ANTARCTIC is published Germany 246 United Kingdom 249 quarterly by the New Zealand United States 252 Antarctic Society Inc., 1979 ISSN 0003-5327 Sub Antarctic See France Editor: Robin Ormerod Please address all editorial General inquiries, contributions etc to the: Editor, P.O. Box 2110, Able restored 269 Wellington N.Z. Antarctic Heritage Trusts 268 Telephone: (04) 4791.226 Antarctic Treaty 262 International: + 64 4 + 4791.226 Cape Roberts deferred 229 Fax: (04) 4791.185 Last dogs leave 249 International: + 64 4 + 4791.185 Emperors of Antarctica 264 Lockheed Contract 231 All NZ administrative enquiries Vanda Station 232 should go to the: National Secretary, P O. Box Obituaries 404, Christchurch All overseas administrative Dr Trevor Hatherton 271 enquiries should go to the: Overseas Secretary, P.O. Box Books 2110, Wellington, NZ Mind over Matter 274 Inquiries regarding back issues of Shadows over wasteland 276 Antarctic to P.O. Box 16485, Christchurch Cover: En route to the Emperor pen guin colony at Cape Crozier April 1992. \C) No part of this publication may be produced in any way without the prior permis sion of the publishers. Photo: Max Quinn ANTARCTIC June 1994 Vol.13 No. 6 New Zealand Successful airdrop breaks winter routine for 11 New Zealanders The midwinter airdrop took place in good conditions as scheduled on Tuesday June 21 and Thursday June 23. Each flight was undertaken by a Starlifter, refuelled en route by KC10 Extender, and crewed by up to 28 members from the selected team, some of whom came from 62nd Group McCord Airbase in the US.
    [Show full text]
  • Ice Velocity Changes on Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, Since the 1950S
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Crossref Journal of Glaciology (2017), 63(240) 716–730 doi: 10.1017/jog.2017.40 © The Author(s) 2017. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (http://creativecommons. org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ice velocity changes on Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island, since the 1950s NICOLE SCHAFFER,1,2 LUKE COPLAND,1 CHRISTIAN ZDANOWICZ3 1Department of Geography, Environment and Geomatics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada 2Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth St., Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8, Canada 3Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75236, Sweden Correspondence: Nicole Schaffer <[email protected]> ABSTRACT. Predicting the velocity response of glaciers to increased surface melt is a major topic of ongoing research with significant implications for accurate sea-level rise forecasting. In this study we use optical and radar satellite imagery as well as comparisons with historical ground measurements to produce a multi-decadal record of ice velocity variations on Penny Ice Cap, Baffin Island. Over the period 1985–2011, the six largest outlet glaciers on the ice cap decelerated by an average rate of − − 21 m a 1 over the 26 year period (0.81 m a 2), or 12% per decade. The change was not monotonic, however, as most glaciers accelerated until the 1990s, then decelerated. A comparison of recent imagery with historical velocity measurements on Highway Glacier, on the southern part of Penny Ice − Cap, shows that this glacier decelerated by 71% between 1953 and 2009–11, from 57 to 17 m a 1.
    [Show full text]