DOCSLIB.ORG

Fisheries Management in the Brazilian Amazon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fisheries Management in the Brazilian Amazon Fisheries management in the Brazilian Amazon by Oriana Almeida A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and the Diploma of Imperial College in the Faculty of Science of the University of London 2004 Renewable Resource Assessment Group Department of Environmental Science and Technology Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine Prince Consort Road London SW7 2BP The miracle Luke 5:1-11 One day as Jesus was standing by the Lake of Gennesaret, with the people crowding around him and listening to the word of God, he saw at the water's edge two boats, left there by the fishers, who were washing their nets. He got into one of the boats, the one belonging to Simon, and asked him to put out a little from shore. Then he sat down and taught the people from the boat. When he had finished speaking, he said to Simon, "Put out into deep water, and let down the nets for a catch." Simon answered, "Master, we've worked hard all night and haven't caught anything. But because you say so, I will let down the nets." When they had done so, they caught such a large number of fish that their nets began to break. So they signaled their partners in the other boat to come and help them, and they came and filled both boats so full that they began to sink. 2 Abstract The purpose of this work is to analyse the prospects of co-management for small- scale and commercial fisheries of the Amazon, evaluation of effects of co- management agreements and the likely impact of alternative management scenarios. Specifically, the study analysed the importance of the fishing sector for the Amazon region, the production function of the commercial fishing sector, the role of fisheries in the livelihoods of small-scale rural fishers; and interactions between the commercial and small-scale rural-based fishing sectors. The methodology combined interviews with a range of different stakeholders, analysis of a long-term landings database, and use of a bio-economic model to integrate information and explore likely outcomes of alternative management measures. The fisheries sector in the Brazilian Amazon generates a total income of R$389 million and employs 168 thousand people. Ninety-five percent of those employed are fishers, but their contribution is much undervalued in official statistics. Fish processing plants account for the largest share of income generated, while small- scale rural fishers account for most of the employment. Despite the regional differences found within the commercial fleet study on social and technical aspects of the fleet, there is no difference in efficiency between small and large boats. Community management of floodplain lake fisheries increased their productivity, probably as a result of reduced commercial fishing. Analysis of the bio-economic model shows that the commercial and small-scale fishing sectors, and lake and river fisheries are likely to interact strongly, and that benefits from the expansion of the community management systems in lakes will be at least partially offset by increases in fishing pressures in the river. 3 Acknowledgements This research involved extensive field work. About 1,680 interviews were conducted to provide data for studies of three aspects of the economic life of the population living on the banks of the Amazon River: the fishing sector as a whole, the commercial fishing fleet, and the small-scale fishing sector. As a result the list of acknowledgements is a long one. There are, however, three people I have to acknowledge first. Kai Lorenzen, for the three years he spent by my side throughout the analysis of this data set. I sincerely thank him for his patience, creativity, and objectivity. David McGrath, for always supporting me in whichever direction I decided to take this work, and the many others we worked with over the last 8 years at IPAM. Finally, I want to thank Sandra Charity for her generosity. During her four years as the Program Officer of IPAM’s Várzea Program, she not only facilitated my work in a professional manner, but also went beyond her obligations in order to support it. Throughout my fieldwork many people helped me, and I am forever grateful for the support they provided. In particular I thank Alzenilson de Aquino, Nadson Oliveira, Waldemir Oliveira, Manoel Silva, and Pedro Afrâneo for helping to collect the data from 3,000 fishing trips in the ports of Belém, Santarém, Manaus, and Tefé. In 2000 I collected data in 18 communities in the lower Amazon in order to compare communities with and without management agreements. I have to thank Lucilene Silva, Luciene Campos Sales, Rosandra Santos, Leusabeth Silva, 4 and Kemerson Silva for their help in collecting that data. I also have to thank Lucimar Lima for helping to test the questionnaire early in January that year in the community of Tapará, and Lucilene and Ivoneide for going back to the field to collect a second set of data in the following year. In 2001 we picked a random sample from 51 cities on the Amazon/Solimões River for the sectoral analysis. We chose 15 cities to visit in order to estimate the importance of the fishing sector. Lucilene was a key person in the development of this task. She helped by testing the questionnaire with me in Santarém, training an assistant, and visiting the cities to interview all businesses related to fishing activity. I owe her special gratitude for this work. I also thank my brother Horácio Almeida, who knows each municipality in state of Amazonas, for giving us many contacts in each selected city of that state. These contacts facilitated our work in many ways, both in conducting preliminary phone interviews as well as in support while visiting the city. I want to thank Nalinda de Coutinho, Tatiane Santos, Elisabeth Silva, Vanda Silva, and Ivoneide Moreira for entering the data collected into a database, calculating the costs of the 3,000 fishing trips analysed, and giving support with the office work. Over the last 3 or 4 years they worked with patience and dedication on this project. As we carried out the interviews for this research I promised the fishers who responded to the 16 page questionnaire that I would send a report when the data was analysed. To fulfil my promise, I prepared two booklets to present the material in a more didactic way. I want to thank Edi Lopes, from IPAM, for illustrating these two wonderful booklets, one on household economics and the other on the analysis of the Santarém fleet. 5 I want to thank the Fishers’ Union, Z-20, for providing information, opinions and advice about specific topics. They helped me with many different things throughout this project. Additionally, I would like to thank many community leaders, the Ituqui Island families, Jose Vicente and Paulo Taketomi from the fishing industry, other fishers’ unions, representatives of NGOs, and all the interviewees for taking their time to help me gather additional information necessary to complete this work. I would like to thank Socorro Pena not only for being a great friend but also for helping me organize two workshops on fishery policies with leaders of the fishing sector. Socorro chose and invited the participants, organized the logistics of the events, and defined the workshop dynamics. I would never have been able to do this from London, and could not have found a better person to organise these workshops. Her ability to organise events, her knowledge of the political network, and her connections with the popular movements in the state of Pará were essential for the success of these events. Many people helped me to review this work. I would like to thank Trond Bjorndal for taking the time to read and criticize the fleet analysis presented in chapter 4 and the bio-economic model presented in chapter 6. I am also most indebted to Iago Mosqueira who corrected the English of my earlier manuscripts. I also want to thank Ulrike Killguss, my sister Veronica Ribeiro, and John Viar for reviewing some parts of this dissertation and Christopher Scott and James Welsh who did the final review of this work. Some friends did not help me directly with this work, but have made my stay in London very pleasant. I would not be able to thank all of them. Through the Brazilian Work Party Centre in London, ABEP, and Imperial College I had the opportunity to meet more than 200 Brazilians, many of whom became great friends. I would like to specially thank Larissa Chermont, Renee Assayag, Jeff 6 Almeida, Lilian Costa, and Lidia Smoleanschi for their friendship; my very dear flat mate Saifon who taught me to cook Thai food and who took me to visit the rubber tree plantations of smallholders in NakonSiThammarat in southern Thailand. I would also like to thank Wilson Cabral, my flat mate, as he made the last year of my stay in London very pleasant; From RRAG, at Imperial College, I have to thank my office mates Carlos Vazquez, Monica Poggioli, and Sophie Nguyen Khoa with whom I had lunch at Imperial College almost every day during these three years. Finally I could not fail to thank my mother Ruth Almeida and my sisters Olivia Leite, Veronica Ribeiro, and Fernanda Caballero who called me so many times just to chat while I was working during the weekends at Imperial College. Funding Many agencies supported this work financially. The major source of direct support for this three-year project came from The Darwin Initiative, WWF UK, DFID, WWF Brazil and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Goliath Catfish Spawning in the Far Western Amazon Confirmed by the Distribution of Mature Adults, Drifting Larvae and Migrating Juveniles
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Goliath catfish spawning in the far western Amazon confirmed by the distribution of mature adults, Received: 28 June 2016 Accepted: 28 December 2016 drifting larvae and migrating Published: 06 February 2017 juveniles Ronaldo B. Barthem1, Michael Goulding2, Rosseval G. Leite3, Carlos Cañas2, Bruce Forsberg3, Eduardo Venticinque4, Paulo Petry5, Mauro L. de B. Ribeiro6, Junior Chuctaya7 & Armando Mercado2 We mapped the inferred long-distance migrations of four species of Amazonian goliath catfishes (Brachyplatystoma rousseauxii, B. platynemum, B. juruense and B. vaillantii) based on the presence of individuals with mature gonads and conducted statistical analysis of the expected long-distance downstream migrations of their larvae and juveniles. By linking the distribution of larval, juvenile and mature adult size classes across the Amazon, the results showed: (i) that the main spawning regions of these goliath catfish species are in the western Amazon; (ii) at least three species—B. rousseauxii, B. platynemum, and B. juruense—spawn partially or mainly as far upstream as the Andes; (iii) the main spawning area of B. rousseauxii is in or near the Andes; and (iv) the life history migration distances of B. rousseauxii are the longest strictly freshwater fish migrations in the world. These results provide an empirical baseline for tagging experiments, life histories extrapolated from otolith microchemistry interpretations and other methods to establish goliath catfish migratory routes, their seasonal timing and possible return (homing) to western headwater tributaries where they were born. The Amazon has two main groups of migratory fish species, and they belong to the orders Siluriformes (catfishes) and Characiformes (characins)1–3.
    [Show full text]
  • Karyotypic Characterization of Prochilodus Mariae, Semaprochilodus Kneri Ands. Laticeps (Teleostei: Prochilodontidae) from Caica
    Neotropical Ichthyology, 1(1):47-52, 2003 Copyright © 2003 Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia Karyotypic characterization of Prochilodus mariae, Semaprochilodus kneri and S. laticeps (Teleostei: Prochilodontidae) from Caicara del Orinoco, Venezuela Claudio Oliveira*, Mauro Nirchio**, Ángel Granado*** and Sara Levy** Fish of the family Prochilodontidae are considered one of the most important components of commercial and subsistence fishery in freshwater environments in South America. This family consists of 21 species and three genera. In the present study, the karyotypes of Prochilodus mariae, Semaprochilodus kneri, and S. laticeps from Caicara del Orinoco, Bolivar State, Venezuela were studied. The species P. mariae, S. kneri and S. laticeps exhibited 2n=54 chromosomes (40 metacentric and 14 submetacentric), a single chromosome pair with nucleolus organizer regions, and a large amount of heterochromatin found at centromeric and pericentromeric positions in almost all chromosomes. The P. mariae specimens studied displayed 0 to 3 supernumerary microchromosomes. The data obtained here confirm the conservative nature of the chromosome number and morphology of Prochilodontidae and reinforce the hypothesis that small structural chromosome rearrangements were the main cause of the karyotypic diversification seen in this group. Os peixes da família Prochilodontidae são considerados um dos componentes mais importantes da pesca comercial e de subsistência em ambientes de água doce na América do Sul. Essa família compreende 21 espécies e três gêneros. No presente estudo foram analisados os cariótipos de Prochilodus mariae, Semaprochilodus kneri e S. laticeps provenientes de Caicara del Orinoco, Estado Bolivar, Venezuela. As espécies P. mariae, S. kneri e S. laticeps apresentaram 2n=54 cromossomos (40 metacêntricos e 14 submetacêntricos), um único par de cromossomos com regiões organizadoras de nucléolo e uma grande quantidade de heterocromatina em posição centromérica e pericentromérica de quase todos os cromossomos.
    [Show full text]
  • APPENDIX 1 Classified List of Fishes Mentioned in the Text, with Scientific and Common Names
    APPENDIX 1 Classified list of fishes mentioned in the text, with scientific and common names. ___________________________________________________________ Scientific names and classification are from Nelson (1994). Families are listed in the same order as in Nelson (1994), with species names following in alphabetical order. The common names of British fishes mostly follow Wheeler (1978). Common names of foreign fishes are taken from Froese & Pauly (2002). Species in square brackets are referred to in the text but are not found in British waters. Fishes restricted to fresh water are shown in bold type. Fishes ranging from fresh water through brackish water to the sea are underlined; this category includes diadromous fishes that regularly migrate between marine and freshwater environments, spawning either in the sea (catadromous fishes) or in fresh water (anadromous fishes). Not indicated are marine or freshwater fishes that occasionally venture into brackish water. Superclass Agnatha (jawless fishes) Class Myxini (hagfishes)1 Order Myxiniformes Family Myxinidae Myxine glutinosa, hagfish Class Cephalaspidomorphi (lampreys)1 Order Petromyzontiformes Family Petromyzontidae [Ichthyomyzon bdellium, Ohio lamprey] Lampetra fluviatilis, lampern, river lamprey Lampetra planeri, brook lamprey [Lampetra tridentata, Pacific lamprey] Lethenteron camtschaticum, Arctic lamprey] [Lethenteron zanandreai, Po brook lamprey] Petromyzon marinus, lamprey Superclass Gnathostomata (fishes with jaws) Grade Chondrichthiomorphi Class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of the Commercial Fish Production Landed at Manaus, Amazonas State, Brazil
    CHARACTERIZATION OF THE COMMERCIAL FISH PRODUCTION LANDED AT MANAUS, AMAZONAS STATE, BRAZIL Vandick da Silva BATISTA1, Miguel PETRERE JÚNIOR2 ABSTRACT: The present work aims to update a series of information about the regional fishing production, by presenting and characterizing the contribution of the different sub-systems of the Amazon basin to the catch landed at the main fishing market of Manaus, Brazil, from 1994 to 1996. Collectors specifically hired for this function registered key information on the fisheries. Thirty nine types or groups of fish were found in the fishing production landed. Jaraqui (Semaprochilodus spp.), curimatã (Prochilodus nigricans), pacu (Myleinae), matrinchã (Brycon cephalus), sardine (Triportheus spp.), aracu (Anostomidae) and tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) were the most important items during three consecutive years. In 1994 these items summed up 91.6% of the total production; in 1995 and 1996 these values were, respectively, 85.3% and 86.4% of the total production. Tambaqui landed decreased remarkably during the period 1976-1996. There was a strong seasonal component in the production of the main species; jaraqui and matrinchã were mostly landed between April and June, while curimatã, pacu, and sardine were mostly landed during the dry season. Other important items showed a strong inter-annual variation in their production. The fishing production landed came mostly from the sub-system of the Purus River (around 30% of the total production). The sub¬ system of the Medium-Solimões contributed with an average of 15% and the sub-systems of the Madeira, Lower-Solimões, Upper-Amazon and Juruá, together contributed with 11.5% of the total production landed.
    [Show full text]
  • A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname
    Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen 67 CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION Rapid Assessment Program A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Upper Palumeu River Watershed RAP (Grensgebergte and Kasikasima) of Southeastern Suriname Bulletin of Biological Assessment 67 Editors: Leeanne E. Alonso and Trond H. Larsen CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL - SURINAME CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL GLOBAL WILDLIFE CONSERVATION ANTON DE KOM UNIVERSITY OF SURINAME THE SURINAME FOREST SERVICE (LBB) NATURE CONSERVATION DIVISION (NB) FOUNDATION FOR FOREST MANAGEMENT AND PRODUCTION CONTROL (SBB) SURINAME CONSERVATION FOUNDATION THE HARBERS FAMILY FOUNDATION The RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment is published by: Conservation International 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500 Arlington, VA USA 22202 Tel : +1 703-341-2400 www.conservation.org Cover photos: The RAP team surveyed the Grensgebergte Mountains and Upper Palumeu Watershed, as well as the Middle Palumeu River and Kasikasima Mountains visible here. Freshwater resources originating here are vital for all of Suriname. (T. Larsen) Glass frogs (Hyalinobatrachium cf. taylori) lay their
    [Show full text]
  • Myxobolus Insignis Sp. N. (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Myxobolidae), a Parasite of the Amazonian Teleost Fish Semaprochilodus Insignis (Osteichthyes, Prochilodontidae)
    Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 100(3): 245-247, May 2005 245 Myxobolus insignis sp. n. (Myxozoa, Myxosporea, Myxobolidae), a parasite of the Amazonian teleost fish Semaprochilodus insignis (Osteichthyes, Prochilodontidae) JC Eiras/+, JCO Malta*, AMB Varella*, GC Pavanelli** Departamento de Zoologia e Antropologia, and CIIMAR, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, 4099-002 Porto, Portugal *Laboratório de Parasitologia e Patologia de Peixes, Inpa, Manaus, AM, Brasil **Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, PR, Brasil A new myxosporean species is described from the fish Semaprochilodus insignis captured from the Amazon River, near Manaus. Myxobolus insignis sp. n. was located in the gills of the host forming plasmodia inside the secondary gill lamellae. The spores had a thick wall (1.5-2 µm) all around their body, and the valves were symmetrical and smooth. The spores were a little longer than wide, with rounded extremities, in frontal view, and oval in lateral view. They were 14.5 (14-15) µm long by 11.3 (11-12) µm wide and 7.8 (7-8) µm thick. Some spores showed the presence of a triangular thickening of the internal face of the wall near the posterior end of the polar capsules. This thicken- ing could occur in one of the sides of the spore or in both sides. The polar capsules were large and equal in size surpassing the mid-length of the spore. They were oval with the posterior extremity rounded, and converging anteriorly with tapered ends. They were 7.6 (7-8) µm long by 4.2 (3-5) µm wide, and the polar filament formed 6 coils slightly obliquely to the axis of the polar capsule.
    [Show full text]
  • Advances in Fish Biology Symposium,” We Are Including 48 Oral and Poster Papers on a Diverse Range of Species, Covering a Number of Topics
    Advances in Fish Biology SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDINGS Adalberto Val Don MacKinlay International Congress on the Biology of Fish Tropical Hotel Resort, Manaus Brazil, August 1-5, 2004 Copyright © 2004 Physiology Section, American Fisheries Society All rights reserved International Standard Book Number(ISBN) 1-894337-44-1 Notice This publication is made up of a combination of extended abstracts and full papers, submitted by the authors without peer review. The formatting has been edited but the content is the responsibility of the authors. The papers in this volume should not be cited as primary literature. The Physiology Section of the American Fisheries Society offers this compilation of papers in the interests of information exchange only, and makes no claim as to the validity of the conclusions or recommendations presented in the papers. For copies of these Symposium Proceedings, or the other 20 Proceedings in the Congress series, contact: Don MacKinlay, SEP DFO, 401 Burrard St Vancouver BC V6C 3S4 Canada Phone: 604-666-3520 Fax 604-666-0417 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.fishbiologycongress.org ii PREFACE Fish are so important in our lives that they have been used in thousands of different laboratories worldwide to understand and protect our environment; to understand and ascertain the foundation of vertebrate evolution; to understand and recount the history of vertebrate colonization of isolated pristine environments; and to understand the adaptive mechanisms to extreme environmental conditions. More importantly, fish are one of the most important sources of protein for the human kind. Efforts at all levels have been made to increase fish production and, undoubtedly, the biology of fish, especially the biology of unknown species, has much to contribute.
    [Show full text]
  • A 1 Case Study with Amazonian Fishes
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.18.440157; this version posted April 21, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC 4.0 International license. 1 The critical role of natural history museums in advancing eDNA for biodiversity studies: a 2 case study with Amazonian fishes 3 4 C. David de Santana1*, Lynne R. Parenti1, Casey B. Dillman2, Jonathan A. Coddington3, D. A. 5 Bastos 4, Carole C. Baldwin1, Jansen Zuanon5, Gislene Torrente-Vilara6, Raphaël Covain7, 6 Naércio A. Menezes8, Aléssio Datovo8, T. Sado9, M. Miya9 7 8 1 Division of Fishes, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, MRC 159, National Museum of 9 Natural History, PO Box 37012, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA 10 2 Cornell University Museum of Vertebrates, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, 11 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA 12 3 Global Genome Initiative, National Museum of Natural History, PO Box 37012, Smithsonian 13 Institution, Washington, DC 20013-7012, USA 14 4 Programa de PósGraduação em Ciências Biológicas (BADPI), Instituto Nacional de 15 Pesquisas da Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil 16 5 Coordenacão de Biodiversidade, Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia, Manaus, 17 Amazonas, Brazil 18 6 Instituto do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Campus Baixada Santista, Santos, São 19 Paulo, Brazil 20 7 Muséum d’histoire naturelle, Département d’herpétologie et d’ichtyologie, route de Malagnou 21 1, case postale 6434, CH-1211, Genève 6, Switzerland 22 8 Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), Av.
    [Show full text]
  • First Cytogenetic Analysis of Ichthyoelephas
    COMPARATIVE A peer-reviewed open-access journal CompCytogen 10(4):First 615–624 cytogenetic (2016) analysis of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Günther, 1860)... 615 doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i4.9858 RESEARCH ARTICLE Cytogenetics http://compcytogen.pensoft.net International Journal of Plant & Animal Cytogenetics, Karyosystematics, and Molecular Systematics First cytogenetic analysis of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Günther, 1860) by conventional and molecular methods with comments on the karyotypic evolution in Prochilodontidae Mauro Nirchio Tursellino1,2, Duílio Mazzoni Zerbinato de Andrade Silva3, César Quezada Abad1, Wilmer Arnoldo Moreira Blacio1, Omar Rogerio Sánchez Romero1, Claudio Oliveira3 1 Universidad Técnica de Machala, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Av. Panamericana Km 51/2, Vía Machala Pasaje, El Oro, Ecuador 2 Universidad de Oriente, Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas del Mar, Boca de Río, Península de Macanao, Estado Nueva Esparta, Venezuela 3 Laboratório de Biologia e Genética de Peixes, Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Departamento de Morfologia, Distrito de Rubião Junior, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil. CEP: 18618-689 Corresponding author: Mauro Nirchio Tursellino ([email protected]) Academic editor: S. Grozeva | Received 13 July 2016 | Accepted 8 September 2016 | Published 18 November 2016 http://zoobank.org/328C8DF9-14E0-4187-B6C4-B3622DBC62B7 Citation: Nirchio Tursellino M, Silva DMZA, Quezada AC, Moreira BWA, Sánchez ROR, Oliveira C (2016) First cytogenetic analysis of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Günther, 1860) by conventional and molecular methods with comments on the karyotypic evolution in Prochilodontidae. Comparative Cytogenetics 10(4): 615–624. doi: 10.3897/CompCytogen.v10i4.9858 Abstract We used conventional cytogenetic techniques (Giemsa, C-banding, Ag-NOR), and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) with 5S and 18S rDNA probes to investigate the karyotype and cytogenetic charac- teristics of Ichthyoelephas humeralis (Günther, 1860) from Ecuador.
    [Show full text]
  • Strategies for Managing Biodiversity in Amazonian Fisheries
    Strategies for Managing Biodiversity in Amazonian Fisheries Mauro Luis Ruffino Flood Plain Natural Resources Management Project - ProVárzea The Brazilian Environmental and Renewable Natural Resources Institute- IBAMA Rua Ministro João Gonçalves de Souza, s/nº - 69.075-830 Manaus, AM - Brazil. Email: [email protected] 1 Table of Contents Abstract..............................................................................................................................................................................................................3 Introduction......................................................................................................................................................................................................3 The fishery resource and its exploitation.............................................................................................................................5 Summary of target species status and resource trends................................................................................................6 Importance of biodiversity in the fishery............................................................................................................................8 Management history - successes and failures....................................................................................................................10 How biodiversity has been incorporated in fisheries management......................................................................16 Results and
    [Show full text]
  • Semaprochilodus Insignis Jaraqui
    Semaprochilodus insignis Jaraqui Semaprochilodus insignis, communément appelé le Jaraqui, est une espèce sud-américaine de poissons Semaprochilodus insignis d'eau douce de la famille des Prochilodontidae et de l'ordre des Characiformes. Sommaire Description Distribution géographique Notes et références Liens externes Bibliographie Jaraqui. Description Classification Règne Animalia Le mâle peut atteindre la taille de 20 cm de longueur totale. C'est un poisson d'eau douce et de climat Embranchement Chordata tropical. Il a besoin d'une température allant de 22 à Sous-embr. Vertebrata 26°C. Super-classe Osteichthyes Distribution géographique Classe Actinopterygii On le trouve en Amérique du Sud dans le bassin central Ordre Characiformes et occidental de l'Amazone. Famille Prochilodontidae Notes et références Genre Semaprochilodus Espèce 1. World Register of Marine Species, consulté le 14 octobre 2020 Semaprochilodus insignis 1 2. BioLib, consulté le 14 octobre 2020 (Jardine, 1841) S Synonymes Liens externes 1 (en) Référence BioLib (https://www.biolib.cz/en/) : Prochilodus amazonensis Fowler, 1906 Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine & 1 Schomburgk, 1841) (https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxo Prochilodus insignis Jardine, 1841 2 n/id158134/) (consulté le 14 octobre 2020) Prochilodus theraponura Fowler, 1906 (fr) Référence Catalogue of Life : Semaprochilodus amazonensis (Fowler, Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine, 1841) (http://w 2 1906) ww.catalogueoflife.org/col/search/scientific/genus/ Semaprochilodus/species/insignis/match/1) Semiprochilodus theraponura (Fowler, 2 (consulté le 14 octobre 2020) 1906) (en) Référence World Register of Marine Species : espèce Semaprochilodus insignis (Jardine, 1841) (http://www.marinespecies.org/ap Sur les autres projets Wikimedia : hia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1018426) (consulté le Semaprochilodus insignis (https://commo 14 octobre 2020) ns.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Semapro chilodus_insignis?uselang=fr), sur Bibliographie Wikimedia Commons Anònim, 2001.
    [Show full text]
  • Dietary Segregation Among Large Catfishes of the Apure and Arauca Rivers, Venezuela
    Journal of Fish Biology (2003) 63, 410–427 doi:10.1046/j.1095-8649.2003.00163.x,availableonlineathttp://www.blackwell-synergy.com Dietary segregation among large catfishes of the Apure and Arauca Rivers, Venezuela A. BARBARINO D UQUE* AND K. O. WINEMILLER†‡ *Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agrı´colas, Estacio´n Experimental Apure, San Fernando de Apure, Apure, Venezuela and †Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2258, U.S.A. (Received 9 April 2002, Accepted 2 June 2003) Relative abundance, population size structure and diet composition and similarity were examined over 5 years for the nine most abundant catfish (Siluriformes) species captured in the Apure- Arauca River fishery centred around San Fernando de Apure, Venezuela, the largest freshwater fishery in the Orinoco River Basin. Based on size classes obtained by the fishery, all nine catfishes were almost entirely piscivorous. Four species that are entirely restricted to main channels of the largest rivers (Brachyplatystoma flavicans, Brachyplatystoma jurunse, Brachyplatystoma vaillanti and Goslinia platynema) fed predominantly on weakly electric knifefishes (Gymnotiformes) and had high pair-wise dietary overlap. The other five species (Ageniosus brevifilis, Phractocephalus hemioliopterus, Pinirampus pirinampu, Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum and Pseudoplatystoma tigri- num) occurred in a range of channel and off-channel habitats and were observed to feed on a variety of characiform, siluriform and gymnotiform prey. Diet overlap also was high among these habitat-unrestricted species, but overlap between the channel-restricted and unrestricted species was low. Within each of the two groups, species were divided into approximately equally sized subgroups based on differences in body size distributions.
    [Show full text]