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NGC 3877 Galaxy in Ursa Major
MONTHLY OBSERVER'S CHALLENGE Compiled by: Roger Ivester, North Carolina & Sue French, New York April 2020 Report #135 NGC 3877 Galaxy in Ursa Major Sharing Observations and Bringing Amateur Astronomers Together Introduction The purpose of the Observer's Challenge is to encourage the pursuit of visual observing. It's open to everyone who's interested, and if you're able to contribute notes, and/or drawings, we’ll be happy to include them in our monthly summary. Visual astronomy depends on what's seen through the eyepiece. Not only does it satisfy an innate curiosity, but it allows the visual observer to discover the beauty and the wonderment of the night sky. Before photography, all observations depended on what astronomers saw in the eyepiece, and how they recorded their observations. This was done through notes and drawings, and that's the tradition we're stressing in the Observer's Challenge. And for folks with an interest in astrophotography, your digital images and notes are just as welcome. The hope is that you'll read through these reports and become inspired to take more time at the eyepiece, study each object, and look for those subtle details that you might never have noticed before. NGC 3877 NGC 3877 is a spiral galaxy highly inclined to our line of sight. Its arms are quite open and spring from the galaxy's small central bulge. Deep images show a small but bright, bar-shaped star-forming region near the center of the galaxy. Recent sources place NGC 3877 somewhere in the vicinity of 53 million light-years away from us. -
Stellar Tidal Streams As Cosmological Diagnostics: Comparing Data and Simulations at Low Galactic Scales
RUPRECHT-KARLS-UNIVERSITÄT HEIDELBERG DOCTORAL THESIS Stellar Tidal Streams as Cosmological Diagnostics: Comparing data and simulations at low galactic scales Author: Referees: Gustavo MORALES Prof. Dr. Eva K. GREBEL Prof. Dr. Volker SPRINGEL Astronomisches Rechen-Institut Heidelberg Graduate School of Fundamental Physics Department of Physics and Astronomy 14th May, 2018 ii DISSERTATION submitted to the Combined Faculties of the Natural Sciences and Mathematics of the Ruperto-Carola-University of Heidelberg, Germany for the degree of DOCTOR OF NATURAL SCIENCES Put forward by GUSTAVO MORALES born in Copiapo ORAL EXAMINATION ON JULY 26, 2018 iii Stellar Tidal Streams as Cosmological Diagnostics: Comparing data and simulations at low galactic scales Referees: Prof. Dr. Eva K. GREBEL Prof. Dr. Volker SPRINGEL iv NOTE: Some parts of the written contents of this thesis have been adapted from a paper submitted as a co-authored scientific publication to the Astronomy & Astrophysics Journal: Morales et al. (2018). v NOTE: Some parts of this thesis have been adapted from a paper accepted for publi- cation in the Astronomy & Astrophysics Journal: Morales, G. et al. (2018). “Systematic search for tidal features around nearby galaxies: I. Enhanced SDSS imaging of the Local Volume". arXiv:1804.03330. DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/201732271 vii Abstract In hierarchical models of galaxy formation, stellar tidal streams are expected around most galaxies. Although these features may provide useful diagnostics of the LCDM model, their observational properties remain poorly constrained. Statistical analysis of the counts and properties of such features is of interest for a direct comparison against results from numeri- cal simulations. In this work, we aim to study systematically the frequency of occurrence and other observational properties of tidal features around nearby galaxies. -
1. Introduction
THE ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL SUPPLEMENT SERIES, 122:109È150, 1999 May ( 1999. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. GALAXY STRUCTURAL PARAMETERS: STAR FORMATION RATE AND EVOLUTION WITH REDSHIFT M. TAKAMIYA1,2 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637; and Gemini 8 m Telescopes Project, 670 North Aohoku Place, Hilo, HI 96720 Received 1998 August 4; accepted 1998 December 21 ABSTRACT The evolution of the structure of galaxies as a function of redshift is investigated using two param- eters: the metric radius of the galaxy(Rg) and the power at high spatial frequencies in the disk of the galaxy (s). A direct comparison is made between nearby (z D 0) and distant(0.2 [ z [ 1) galaxies by following a Ðxed range in rest frame wavelengths. The data of the nearby galaxies comprise 136 broad- band images at D4500A observed with the 0.9 m telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory (23 galaxies) and selected from the catalog of digital images of Frei et al. (113 galaxies). The high-redshift sample comprises 94 galaxies selected from the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) observations with the Hubble Space Telescope using the Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 in four broad bands that range between D3000 and D9000A (Williams et al.). The radius is measured from the intensity proÐle of the galaxy using the formulation of Petrosian, and it is argued to be a metric radius that should not depend very strongly on the angular resolution and limiting surface brightness level of the imaging data. It is found that the metric radii of nearby and distant galaxies are comparable to each other. -
Radio Sources in Low-Luminosity Active Galactic Nuclei
A&A 392, 53–82 (2002) Astronomy DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361:20020874 & c ESO 2002 Astrophysics Radio sources in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei III. “AGNs” in a distance-limited sample of “LLAGNs” N. M. Nagar1, H. Falcke2,A.S.Wilson3, and J. S. Ulvestad4 1 Arcetri Observatory, Largo E. Fermi 5, Florence 50125, Italy 2 Max-Planck-Institut f¨ur Radioastronomie, Auf dem H¨ugel 69, 53121 Bonn, Germany e-mail: [email protected] 3 Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA Adjunct Astronomer, Space Telescope Science Institute, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA e-mail: [email protected] 4 National Radio Astronomy Observatory, PO Box 0, Socorro, NM 87801, USA e-mail: [email protected] Received 23 January 2002 / Accepted 6 June 2002 Abstract. This paper presents the results of a high resolution radio imaging survey of all known (96) low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs) at D ≤ 19 Mpc. We first report new 2 cm (150 mas resolution using the VLA) and 6 cm (2 mas resolution using the VLBA) radio observations of the previously unobserved nuclei in our samples and then present results on the complete survey. We find that almost half of all LINERs and low-luminosity Seyferts have flat-spectrum radio cores when observed at 150 mas resolution. Higher (2 mas) resolution observations of a flux-limited subsample have provided a 100% (16 of 16) detection rate of pc-scale radio cores, with implied brightness temperatures ∼>108 K. The five LLAGNs with the highest core radio fluxes also have pc-scale “jets”. -
And Ecclesiastical Cosmology
GSJ: VOLUME 6, ISSUE 3, MARCH 2018 101 GSJ: Volume 6, Issue 3, March 2018, Online: ISSN 2320-9186 www.globalscientificjournal.com DEMOLITION HUBBLE'S LAW, BIG BANG THE BASIS OF "MODERN" AND ECCLESIASTICAL COSMOLOGY Author: Weitter Duckss (Slavko Sedic) Zadar Croatia Pусскй Croatian „If two objects are represented by ball bearings and space-time by the stretching of a rubber sheet, the Doppler effect is caused by the rolling of ball bearings over the rubber sheet in order to achieve a particular motion. A cosmological red shift occurs when ball bearings get stuck on the sheet, which is stretched.“ Wikipedia OK, let's check that on our local group of galaxies (the table from my article „Where did the blue spectral shift inside the universe come from?“) galaxies, local groups Redshift km/s Blueshift km/s Sextans B (4.44 ± 0.23 Mly) 300 ± 0 Sextans A 324 ± 2 NGC 3109 403 ± 1 Tucana Dwarf 130 ± ? Leo I 285 ± 2 NGC 6822 -57 ± 2 Andromeda Galaxy -301 ± 1 Leo II (about 690,000 ly) 79 ± 1 Phoenix Dwarf 60 ± 30 SagDIG -79 ± 1 Aquarius Dwarf -141 ± 2 Wolf–Lundmark–Melotte -122 ± 2 Pisces Dwarf -287 ± 0 Antlia Dwarf 362 ± 0 Leo A 0.000067 (z) Pegasus Dwarf Spheroidal -354 ± 3 IC 10 -348 ± 1 NGC 185 -202 ± 3 Canes Venatici I ~ 31 GSJ© 2018 www.globalscientificjournal.com GSJ: VOLUME 6, ISSUE 3, MARCH 2018 102 Andromeda III -351 ± 9 Andromeda II -188 ± 3 Triangulum Galaxy -179 ± 3 Messier 110 -241 ± 3 NGC 147 (2.53 ± 0.11 Mly) -193 ± 3 Small Magellanic Cloud 0.000527 Large Magellanic Cloud - - M32 -200 ± 6 NGC 205 -241 ± 3 IC 1613 -234 ± 1 Carina Dwarf 230 ± 60 Sextans Dwarf 224 ± 2 Ursa Minor Dwarf (200 ± 30 kly) -247 ± 1 Draco Dwarf -292 ± 21 Cassiopeia Dwarf -307 ± 2 Ursa Major II Dwarf - 116 Leo IV 130 Leo V ( 585 kly) 173 Leo T -60 Bootes II -120 Pegasus Dwarf -183 ± 0 Sculptor Dwarf 110 ± 1 Etc. -
Classification of Galaxies Using Fractal Dimensions
UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations 1-1-1999 Classification of galaxies using fractal dimensions Sandip G Thanki University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/rtds Repository Citation Thanki, Sandip G, "Classification of galaxies using fractal dimensions" (1999). UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations. 1050. http://dx.doi.org/10.25669/8msa-x9b8 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Retrospective Theses & Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. -
1987Apj. . .320. .2383 the Astrophysical Journal, 320:238-257
.2383 The Astrophysical Journal, 320:238-257,1987 September 1 © 1987. The American Astronomical Society. AU rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A. .320. 1987ApJ. THE IRÁS BRIGHT GALAXY SAMPLE. II. THE SAMPLE AND LUMINOSITY FUNCTION B. T. Soifer, 1 D. B. Sanders,1 B. F. Madore,1,2,3 G. Neugebauer,1 G. E. Danielson,4 J. H. Elias,1 Carol J. Lonsdale,5 and W. L. Rice5 Received 1986 December 1 ; accepted 1987 February 13 ABSTRACT A complete sample of 324 extragalactic objects with 60 /mi flux densities greater than 5.4 Jy has been select- ed from the IRAS catalogs. Only one of these objects can be classified morphologically as a Seyfert nucleus; the others are all galaxies. The median distance of the galaxies in the sample is ~ 30 Mpc, and the median 10 luminosity vLv(60 /mi) is ~2 x 10 L0. This infrared selected sample is much more “infrared active” than optically selected galaxy samples. 8 12 The range in far-infrared luminosities of the galaxies in the sample is 10 LQ-2 x 10 L©. The far-infrared luminosities of the sample galaxies appear to be independent of the optical luminosities, suggesting a separate luminosity component. As previously found, a correlation exists between 60 /¿m/100 /¿m flux density ratio and far-infrared luminosity. The mass of interstellar dust required to produce the far-infrared radiation corre- 8 10 sponds to a mass of gas of 10 -10 M0 for normal gas to dust ratios. This is comparable to the mass of the interstellar medium in most galaxies. -
April 14 2018 7:00Pm at the April 2018 Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho
Snake River Skies The Newsletter of the Magic Valley Astronomical Society www.mvastro.org Membership Meeting President’s Message Tim Frazier Saturday, April 14th 2018 April 2018 7:00pm at the Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho. It really is beginning to feel like spring. The weather is more moderate and there will be, hopefully, clearer skies. (I write this with some trepidation as I don’t want to jinx Public Star Party Follows at the it in a manner similar to buying new equipment will ensure at least two weeks of Centennial Observatory cloudy weather.) Along with the season comes some great spring viewing. Leo is high overhead in the early evening with its compliment of galaxies as is Coma Club Officers Berenices and Virgo with that dense cluster of extragalactic objects. Tim Frazier, President One of my first forays into the Coma-Virgo cluster was in the early 1960’s with my [email protected] new 4 ¼ inch f/10 reflector and my first star chart, the epoch 1960 version of Norton’s Star Atlas. I figured from the maps I couldn’t miss seeing something since Robert Mayer, Vice President there were so many so closely packed. That became the real problem as they all [email protected] appeared as fuzzy spots and the maps were not detailed enough to distinguish one galaxy from another. I still have that atlas as it was a precious Christmas gift from Gary Leavitt, Secretary my grandparents but now I use better maps, larger scopes and GOTO to make sure [email protected] it is M84 or M86. -
The Molecular Gas Content of Shell Galaxies ? B
Astronomy & Astrophysics manuscript no. shells c ESO 2019 August 23, 2019 The molecular gas content of shell galaxies ? B. Mancillas1, F. Combes1; 2, and P.-A. Duc3 1 Observatoire de Paris, LERMA, PSL University, CNRS, Sorbonne University, UPMC, Paris, France 2 Collège de France, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris 3 Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Observatoire de Strasbourg, F-67000 Strasbourg, France Received 2019/ Accepted 2019 ABSTRACT Shells are fine stellar structures identified by their arc-like shapes present around a galaxy and currently thought to be vestiges of galaxy interactions and/or mergers. The study of their number, geometry, stellar populations and gas content can help to derive the interaction/merger history of a galaxy. Numerical simulations have proposed a mechanism of shell formation through phase wrapping during a radial minor merger. Alternatively, there could be merely a space wrapping, when particles have not made any radial oscillation yet, but are bound by their radial expansion, or produce an edge-brightened feature. These can be distinguished, because they are expected to keep a high radial velocity. While shells are first a stellar phenomenon, HI and CO observations have revealed neutral gas associated with shells. Some of the gas, the most diffuse and dissipative, is expected to be driven quickly to the center if it is travelling on nearly radial orbits. Molecular gas, distributed in dense clumps, is less dissipative, and may be associated to shells. It can then determine the shell velocity, too difficult to obtain from stars. We present here a search for molecular gas in nine shell galaxies with the IRAM-30m telescope. -
SAC's 110 Best of the NGC
SAC's 110 Best of the NGC by Paul Dickson Version: 1.4 | March 26, 1997 Copyright °c 1996, by Paul Dickson. All rights reserved If you purchased this book from Paul Dickson directly, please ignore this form. I already have most of this information. Why Should You Register This Book? Please register your copy of this book. I have done two book, SAC's 110 Best of the NGC and the Messier Logbook. In the works for late 1997 is a four volume set for the Herschel 400. q I am a beginner and I bought this book to get start with deep-sky observing. q I am an intermediate observer. I bought this book to observe these objects again. q I am an advance observer. I bought this book to add to my collect and/or re-observe these objects again. The book I'm registering is: q SAC's 110 Best of the NGC q Messier Logbook q I would like to purchase a copy of Herschel 400 book when it becomes available. Club Name: __________________________________________ Your Name: __________________________________________ Address: ____________________________________________ City: __________________ State: ____ Zip Code: _________ Mail this to: or E-mail it to: Paul Dickson 7714 N 36th Ave [email protected] Phoenix, AZ 85051-6401 After Observing the Messier Catalog, Try this Observing List: SAC's 110 Best of the NGC [email protected] http://www.seds.org/pub/info/newsletters/sacnews/html/sac.110.best.ngc.html SAC's 110 Best of the NGC is an observing list of some of the best objects after those in the Messier Catalog. -
X-Ray Luminosities for a Magnitude-Limited Sample of Early-Type Galaxies from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey
Mon. Not. R. Astron. Soc. 302, 209±221 (1999) X-ray luminosities for a magnitude-limited sample of early-type galaxies from the ROSAT All-Sky Survey J. Beuing,1* S. DoÈbereiner,2 H. BoÈhringer2 and R. Bender1 1UniversitaÈts-Sternwarte MuÈnchen, Scheinerstrasse 1, D-81679 MuÈnchen, Germany 2Max-Planck-Institut fuÈr Extraterrestrische Physik, D-85740 Garching bei MuÈnchen, Germany Accepted 1998 August 3. Received 1998 June 1; in original form 1997 December 30 Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/302/2/209/968033 by guest on 30 September 2021 ABSTRACT For a magnitude-limited optical sample (BT # 13:5 mag) of early-type galaxies, we have derived X-ray luminosities from the ROSATAll-Sky Survey. The results are 101 detections and 192 useful upper limits in the range from 1036 to 1044 erg s1. For most of the galaxies no X-ray data have been available until now. On the basis of this sample with its full sky coverage, we ®nd no galaxy with an unusually low ¯ux from discrete emitters. Below log LB < 9:2L( the X-ray emission is compatible with being entirely due to discrete sources. Above log LB < 11:2L( no galaxy with only discrete emission is found. We further con®rm earlier ®ndings that Lx is strongly correlated with LB. Over the entire data range the slope is found to be 2:23 60:12. We also ®nd a luminosity dependence of this correlation. Below 1 log Lx 40:5 erg s it is consistent with a slope of 1, as expected from discrete emission. -
Im Fokus Hyaden in Den
DAS UMFASSENDE ASTRONOMISCHE JAHRBUCH Himmels- EXTRA 2 | 2016 EXTRA Almanach 2017 DATEN | DETAILLIERTE KARTEN | PRAXISTIPPS TOP-EREIGNISSE 2017 NGC 4513 UGCA 272 UGC 5336 M 81 Arp 300 ρ UGC 4539 64° Bode's Galaxy 64° Holmberg IX NGC 2959 Σ UGC 5028 RV NGC 4108 R 1400 NGC 2961 5 Σ 1573 NGC 3077 5 NGC 4256 NGC 4221 IC 2574 The Garland σ 2 Σ 1349 σ NGC 4332 Coddington's Nebula FBS 0959+685 NGC 2892 1 NGC 4210 Σ 1306 DERNGC 4441 WEGWEISERNGC 3622 NGC 2976 2 63° 3 UGC 4775 63° DRA NGC 4391 Sh 86 π 1 NGC 4125 VY NGC 4521 HCG 49 NGC 4545 NGC 3682 NGC 4510 NGC 4121 Σ 1350 FÜR DAS GESAMTE JAHR π 2 62° NGC 3231 62° 76 6 NGC 4205 ASTRONOMISCHE EREIGNISSE 57 UGC 5188 NGC 4081 NGC 3392 UGC 4159 UGC 7179 38 WOCHE FÜR WOCHE NGC 3394 35 UGC 6316 61° MCG +11-12-10 61° Σ 1559 NGC 2814 TOTALE S NGC 4605 UGC 5576 32 NGC 3259 β 408 NGC 2820 NGC 2805 τ SONNENFINSTERNIS NGC 3266 56 CGCG 292-85 60° NGC 4041 60° RY 28 5 ο BEOBACHTUNGSTIPPS UGC 6534 UGC 5776 NGC 4036 NGC 3668 23 UGC 7406 29 Muscida IN DEN USA UGC 6520 Σ 1351 MCG +11-14-33 T MCG +10-17-64 NGC 2742A MCG +10-18-51VON EXPERTEN NGC 3359 59° NGC 2880 59° NGC 3725 Σ 1315 UGC 6528 16 NGC 4547 VERSTÄNDLICHE ERKLÄRUNGEN RS NGC 3978 NGC 3762 NGC 2654 75 Shk 105 UGC 4289 NGC 3945 α FÜR EINSTEIGER ΟΣ 235 Dubhe MCG +10-12-103 74 TT 58° NGC 3835A NGC 2742 58° β 1077 UMA UGC 4730 NGC 4358 NGC 3471 NGC 4335 NGC 3835 NGC 3796 ΟΣΣ NGC 4500 Shk 124 92 NGC 2726 UGC 4549 M 40 NGC 3435 NGC 3894NGC 3809 Shk 113 NGC 4290 NGC 3895 20 NGC 2768 NGC 4149 Helix Galaxy 57° 57° 70 Arp 336 Abell 28 UGC 7635 Σ 1544 NGC 2685 UGC