INKA RANTAKALLIO: New Spirituality, Atheism, and Authenticity in Finnish Underground Rap Doctoral Dissertation, 321 Pp

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

INKA RANTAKALLIO: New Spirituality, Atheism, and Authenticity in Finnish Underground Rap Doctoral Dissertation, 321 Pp ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS UNIVERSITATIS ANNALES B 497 Inka Rantakallio NEW SPIRITUALITY, ATHEISM, AND AUTHENTICITY IN FINNISH UNDERGROUND RAP Inka Rantakallio Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2019 Finland Turku, Oy, Painosalama ISBN 978-951-29-7864-9 (PRINT) – ISBN 978-951-29-7865-6 (PDF) TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS ISSN 0082-6987 (Print) SARJA - SER. B OSA - TOM. 497 | HUMANIORA | TURKU 2019 ISSN 2343-3191 (Online) NEW SPIRITUALITY, ATHEISM, AND AUTHENTICITY IN FINNISH UNDERGROUND RAP Inka Rantakallio TURUN YLIOPISTON JULKAISUJA – ANNALES UNIVERSITATIS TURKUENSIS SARJA - SER. B OSA – TOM. 497 | HUMANIORA | TURKU 2019 University of Turku Faculty of Humanities School of History, Culture and Arts Studies Department of Musicology Juno Doctoral programme Supervised by PhD, Senior Lecturer Susanna Välimäki PhD, Senior Lecturer Emeritus University of Turku Yrjö Heinonen University of Turku Professor John Richardson University of Turku PhD, Docent Siru Kainulainen PhD, Senior Lecturer Teemu Taira University of Turku University of Helsinki Reviewed by Professor Johannes Brusila PhD, Associate Professor Åbo Akademi University Christopher Driscoll Lehigh University Opponent Professor Johannes Brusila Åbo Akademi University The originality of this publication has been checked in accordance with the University of Turku quality assurance system using the Turnitin OriginalityCheck service. Cover Image: Sellekhanks ISBN 978-951-29-7864-9 (PRINT) ISBN 978-951-29-7865-6 (PDF) ISSN 0082-6987 (Print) ISSN 2343-3191 (Online) Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2019 For the hip hop nation 3 UNIVERSITY OF TURKU Faculty of Humanities School of History, Culture and Arts Studies Musicology INKA RANTAKALLIO: New Spirituality, Atheism, and Authenticity in Finnish Underground Rap Doctoral Dissertation, 321 pp. + 3 appendices Juno Doctoral Programme November 2019 ABSTRACT In this dissertation, I study the discourses of new spirituality, atheism, and authenticity in Finnish underground rap in the twenty-first century. The study maps the worldviews and audiovisual aesthetics of four Finnish artists, Ameeba, Khid, Julma Henri, and RPK (the latter two forming the duo Euro Crack), while exploring larger issues such as contemporary Western religious trends and the relationship between artists, their audience, and the music industry. The study’s data consist of field research (ten interviews, observation at concerts and in social media 2013–2017), and sonic and audiovisual material (recordings, three music videos). Theoretically, the study draws from religious studies theories on Western alternative spirituality and atheism, popular musicology, hip hop studies, and theories on musical authenticity. Methodologically, the study relies on ethnographic data collection, discourse analysis, and close reading. The study indicates that while the four Finnish rappers emphasize the individuality of their worldviews, their views reflect a mixture of ideas and traditions present in contemporary Western religious landscape, including non-dualistic Eastern religions, New Age environmentalism, and scientific atheism. The artists also outline an aesthetic for their music and underground rap more generally as defying rap music, pop music, and music industry norms, as independent music making, and as drawing from alternative electronic genres and deeper philosophical content. The artists construct authenticity by claiming that their music reflects their personal worldviews and aesthetic preferences. Further, the study increases understanding about the interrelationship of rap and postmodern worldviews and advances research on the connections between popular music and religion. KEY WORDS: hip hop, rap, new spirituality, atheism, worldviews, authenticity, popular music, hip hop studies, cultural musicology, religious studies, audiovisual studies, lyrics, music videos, interviews, discourse analysis, close reading, Ameeba, Euro Crack, Khid, Julma Henri, RPK. 4 TURUN YLIOPISTO Humanistinen tiedekunta Historian, kulttuurin ja taiteiden tutkimuksen laitos Musiikkitiede INKA RANTAKALLIO: New Spirituality, Atheism, and Authenticity in Finnish Underground Rap (Uushenkisyys, ateismi ja autenttisuus suomalaisessa underground-rapissa) Väitöskirja, 321 s. + 3 liitettä Juno tohtoriohjelma Marraskuu 2019 TIIVISTELMÄ Väitöskirjassani tutkin 2010-luvun suomenkielistä underground-rap-musiikkia ja siinä ilmeneviä autenttisuuden, uushenkisyyden ja ateismin diskursseja. Tutkimuksen kohteena on neljä suomalaista rap-artistia (Ameeba, Khid, Julma Henri, sekä RPK, joka Julma Henrin kanssa muodostaa Euro Crack -duon), ja heidän ilmaisussaan rakentuvat maailmankatsomukset ja audiovisuaalinen estetiikka. Tutkimuksessa tarkastellaan myös laajempia kysymyksiä liittyen länsimaiseen uskontokehitykseen sekä artistien suhteeseen yleisöön ja musiikkialaan. Tutkimuksen aineisto koostuu kenttätutkimuksesta (10 haastattelua, havainnointi konserteissa ja sosiaalisessa mediassa 2013–2017) sekä äänellisestä ja audiovisuaalisesta materiaalista (äänitteet, kolme musiikkivideota). Tutkimuksen teoreettinen viitekehys hyödyntää uskontotieteen teorioita koskien länsimaista uushenkisyyttä ja ateismia, populaarimusiikintutkimusta, hiphop-tutkimusta, sekä teorioita autenttisuudesta. Menetelmällisesti tutkimus nojaa etnografisiin aineistonkeruumetodeihin sekä diskurssianalyysiin ja lähilukuun. Tutkimus osoittaa, että vaikka artistien maailmankatsomukset painottavat yksilöllisyyttä, ne heijastavat myös laajempia nykyhetken länsimaisessa uskontokentässä toisiinsa sekoittuvia ideoita ja traditioita. Näihin kuuluvat erityisesti non-dualistiset itämaiset uskonnot, New Age -vaikutteinen ympäristötietoisuus, sekä tiedeuskoon nojaava ateismi. Artistit myös rakentavat omaa sekä underground rap- musiikkia koskevan estetiikan ihannetta rap- ja pop-musiikin sekä musiikkialan normeja vastustavana, itsenäisenä, sekä elektronisista genreistä ammentavana, ja josta löytyy myös syvällisempää, filosofista sisältöä. Artistit rakentavat autenttisuutta argumentoidessaan musiikkinsa perustuvan heidän henkilökohtaisiin maailmankatsomuksiinsa ja esteettisiin mieltymyksiinsä. Yleisemmin väitöskirja lisää ymmärrystä rap-musiikin ja postmodernien maailmankatsomusten välisestä suhteesta ja edistää populaarimusiikin ja uskonnon yhteyksien tutkimusta. ASIASANAT: hiphop, rap, uushenkisyys, ateismi, maailmankatsomukset, autenttisuus, populaarimusiikki, hiphop-tutkimus, kulttuurinen musiikintutkimus, uskontotiede, audiovisuaalinen tutkimus, sanoitukset, musiikkivideot, haastattelut, diskurssianalyysi, lähiluku, Ameeba, Euro Crack, Khid, Julma Henri, RPK. 5 Acknowledgements A multitude of individuals have helped me shape and produce this piece of research. Thank you to my first supervisor, Senior Lecturer Susanna Välimäki, who speeded up my writing process in a tremendous way. Her inspirational intellect and interdisciplinary understanding of music in general and rap music in particular along with societal interests which coincide with mine, not to mention personal, warm approach to my work, took me to the finish line and beyond. I am proud to call her a colleague and the kind of supporter which every woman working in academic should have. Thank you to my second supervisor, Professor John Richardson, for encouraging me to include audiovisual analysis in my project and to be ambitious. My third supervisor, Senior Lecturer in Study of Religions at the University of Helsinki, Teemu Taira, is without a doubt the person whose supervision and feedback rendered this study truly interdisciplinary. His expertise in the field of new spirituality and atheism were precisely the kind that I needed to create a dissertation such as this one – thank you. Other supervisors I have had along the way, literary scholar and Docent Siru Kainulainen, and Senior Lecturer Emeritus in Musicology, Yrjö Heinonen, have been extremely encouraging and provided new angles and directions for my work, particularly regarding written and spoken word and its connection with music, poetry, and discourse analysis. Their supervision in the earlier stages of my project helped shape the content and direction of the overall work – thank you both. I wish to thank the pre-examiners, Professor Johannes Brusila, and Dr. Christopher Driscoll, for their comments and feedback. Dr. Driscoll’s remarks concerning the nuances of contemporary worldviews and Professor Brusila’s suggestions to further reflect on the core of the project were particularly helpful in revising the final version of this dissertation. A special thank you to Professor Brusila for serving as my opponent in the public defense. Thank you custos, Senior Lecturer Kari Kallioniemi for all the help in arranging the defense. Thank you to the faculty representative, Docent Marcus Moberg, and the evaluation committee. Thank you Dean of the Faculty of Humanities Jaakko Suominen, Head of the School of History, Culture and Arts Studies Marjo Kaartinen, and coordinator of 6 Juno doctoral programme Meri Heinonen, for help and guidance during the final stages of the process. Thank you to all my colleagues at the Department of Musicology, Tuomas Auvinen, Jelena Gligorijević, Atte Häkkinen, Hanna Kaikko, Tiina Käpylä, Sini Mononen, Janne Palkisto, Anna-Elena Pääkkölä, Sanna Qvick, Juha Torvinen, Marjaana Virtanen, and others, for having taken the time to discuss and provide feedback throughout the years. Also, special thanks to Juha Torvinen for his help with the “Vanhasielu” music video analysis. Thank you to my Juno
Recommended publications
  • The Moral Priorities of Rap Listeners
    Published: Nzinga, K.L.K., & Medin, D.L. (2018). The Moral Priorities of Rap Listeners. Journal of Cognition and Culture, 312-342. http://booKsandjournals.brillonline.com/content/journals/10.1163/15685373-12340033 The Moral Priorities of Rap Listeners Kalonji L.K. NZINGA Douglas L. MEDIN Northwestern University A Cross-cultural approach to moral psychology starts from researchers withholding judgments about universal right and wrong and instead exploring community members’ values and what they subjeCtively perCeive to be moral or immoral in their loCal Context. This study seeks to identify the moral ConCerns that are most relevant to listeners of hip- hop music. We use validated psyChologiCal surveys inCluding the Moral Foundations Questionnaire (Graham, Haidt, & Nosek 2009) to assess whiCh moral ConCerns are most central to hip-hop listeners. Results show that hip-hop listeners prioritize concerns of justiCe and authentiCity more than non-listeners and deprioritize ConCerns about respeCting authority. These results show that the ConCept of the “good person” within the hip-hop subculture is fundamentally a person that is oriented towards soCial justiCe, rebellion against the status quo, and a deep devotion to keeping it real. Results are followed by a disCussion of the role that youth subCultures have in soCializing young people to prioritize Certain virtues over others as they develop their moral identity. 1. Introduction Many AmeriCan rappers inCluding KendriCk Lamar (2010), Snoop Dogg (2015), and Busta Rhymes (2006) have delivered the following CatCh phrase in their lyriCs: “You Can take me out the hood, but you Can’t take the hood out of me.” They proClaim that there are Certain aspeCts of the “hood” lifestyle and value system that, onCe they are part of you, direCt how you perCeive the world and behave in it.
    [Show full text]
  • Lemos, Ronaldo. "To Kill an MC: Brazil's New Music and Its
    Lemos, Ronaldo. "To Kill an MC: Brazil’s New Music and its Discontents." Postcolonial Piracy: Media Distribution and Cultural Production in the Global South. Ed. Lars Eckstein and Anja Schwarz. London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014. 195–214. Bloomsbury Collections. Web. 23 Sep. 2021. <http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781472519450.ch-009>. Downloaded from Bloomsbury Collections, www.bloomsburycollections.com, 23 September 2021, 16:35 UTC. Copyright © Lars Eckstein and Anja Schwarz 2014. You may share this work for non-commercial purposes only, provided you give attribution to the copyright holder and the publisher, and provide a link to the Creative Commons licence. 9 To Kill an MC Brazil’s New Music and its Discontents Ronaldo Lemos Introduction On 6 July 2013, the Brazilian ‘funk carioca’ musician Daniel Pellegrine, known as MC Daleste, was killed on stage while performing in front of 5,000 people in the city of Campinas. Daleste was first shot in the armpit. Not knowing what was going on, he shouted at the audience. A second fatal shot hit him in the abdomen. All was instantly caught on video by his fans, some of whom later posted the killing on YouTube. The police concluded that Daleste was shot from a distance of 40 metres, indicating that he was probably hit by a sharpshooter. Daleste (his name is a contraction of ‘from the East’, in reference to the ‘East Zone’, the largest metropolitan area in Sao Paulo) was 20 years old. Even though virtually unknown by the upper economic classes, Daleste was one of the most popular artists in Brazil.
    [Show full text]
  • Midwest Choppers 2 Download Free
    Midwest choppers 2 download free Artist: Tech N9ne, Song: Midwest Choppers 2 [extended](feat. K-Dean, Krayzie Bone, Twista), Duration: , Size: MB, Bitrate: kbit/sec, Type: mp3. Krayzie Bone & K-Dean) Tech N9ne - Midwest Chopper ツ Tech N9neツ - Midwest Choppers ft. D-Loc, Dalima & Big Kriz Tech N9ne - Midwest Choppers 2(feat. Midwest Choppers 2 by Tech N9ne feat. K-Dean and Krayzie We are considering introducing an ad-free version of WhoSampled. If you would be happy to pay. Stream Tech N9ne Midwest Choppers 2 Lyrics by yancydaveoo17 from desktop or your mobile device. Download. Tech N9ne - Midwest Choppers 2. Download. Tech N9ne - Midwest Choppers (feat. Big Krizz Kaliko, Dalima & D-Loc). Download. Tech N9ne "Midwest Choppers 2" ft. K-Dean & Krayzie Bone iTunes - Official Hip Hop. Midwest Choppers 2 Mp3. Free download Midwest Choppers 2 Mp3 mp3 for free. Tech N9ne - Midwest Choppers 2 (ft. K-Dean & Krayzie Bone). Source. View Lyrics for Midwest Choppers 2 by Tech N9ne at AZ Lyrics Sickology Midwest Choppers 2 AZ lyrics, find other albums and lyrics for Tech. Switch browsers or download Spotify for your desktop. Midwest Choppers 2. By Tech N9ne Collabos. • 1 song, Play on Spotify. 1. Midwest Choppers. Buy Midwest Choppers 2 [Clean]: Read 2 Digital Music Reviews - Buy Midwest Choppers 2 [Explicit]: Read 2 Digital Music Reviews - Start your day free trial of Unlimited to listen to this song plus tens of. Fast and free Tech N9ne Midwest Choppers Instrumental YouTube to MP3. Midwest Choppers 2 Remake On Fl Studio 9(instrumental)-unfinished (OLD) Tech N9ne - Worldwide Choppers FULL Instrumental Remake (with download link).
    [Show full text]
  • Sneezy Summer Forecast
    ISSUE 21 (252) • 24 – 30 MAY 2012 • €3 • WWW.HELSINKITIMES.FI DOMESTIC Finnair to transfer FOUNDED IN ST. PETERSBURG 1860 flights to Flybe 0.85ct 4379€ JS060 DAVID J. CORD The unions representing the cab- HELSINKI TIMES in crews and pilots have expressed some opposition to the deal. In- FINNAIR has announced plans to vestors were more encouraging, transfer a large portion of its Eu- sending Finnair’s share price up by Secret gardens ropean fl ights to Flybe Nordic, the almost 4 per cent. You might be stuck in the city, joint venture formed with the UK’s Finnair has been struggling but greener pastures are just a Flybe regional airline. Investors with heavy losses. In the fi rst quar- short metro ride away! Soak up have cheered the move, but unions ter of the year, Finland’s nation- some summer rays wandering have expressed caution. al airline announced a 20.4 million around one of the allotment vil- Under the plan, 12 Embraer air- euro loss on 591.8 million euros in lages dotted about Helsinki. craft, 100 cabin personnel and 120 sales. They have a plan to decrease See page 5 pilots will be transferred to Flybe annual costs by 140 million euros, Nordic, which is 40 per cent owned which includes outsourcing a va- by Finnair and 60 per cent owned riety of services, selling their ca- BUSINESS by Flybe. The pilots would eventual- tering business and decreasing ly return to Finnair to cover the air- personnel costs. 0.54ct 3356€ 093 0.27ct 2061€ JS030 line’s growing Asian traffi c.
    [Show full text]
  • Tha Carter V Free Download Tha Carter V Free Download
    tha carter v free download Tha carter v free download. DOWNLOAD ALBUM: Lil Wayne. Weezy not long ago shared the news of him being the sole owner of Young Money after reaching an agreement with Birdman and Cash Money who was partial owner of the label he founded, and we hope the deal lasts. Rap Artist Lil Wayne has actually finally exposed the release date for his long-awaited album The Cater V. The project has for many years witnessed so much undesirable delays coming from legal disputes between Lil Wayne and his former label boss, Birdman of Cash Money Records. Album: Lil Wayne — Tha Carter V 2018 Free Album Zip Download: The new album, Tha Carter V from American singer and song writer Lil Wayne is his newest and twelfth studio album the the one time best rapper. Album: Lil Wayne — Tha Carter V 2018 Free Album Zip Download: The new album, Tha Carter V from American singer and song writer Lil Wayne is his newest and twelfth studio album the the one time best rapper. There is no description regarding how this reduction in payment associates to Wayne's original claim that Cash Money chose not to release his album. Then, Cash Money became the issue as Birdman was consistently stopping the release of the much-anticipated album. Download Tha Carter V (2018) album zip, rar, by Lil Wayne Mp3 Download. Birdman had to sense disloyalty in the air and Tha Carter V is a small casualty of this blatant disrespect. Now with Lil Wayne jumping on twitter yet again to declare his intentions to quit the game, Birdman again gets the blame.
    [Show full text]
  • Festivaalilehti 2013 (Pdf)
    Vapaa pääsy | Free entrance Hanggai (CHN) Maailma kylässä -festivaali | World Village Festival 25.5.–26.5.2013 — La | Sat 11–20 & Su | Sun 11–18 Kaisaniemen puisto & Rautatientori, Helsinki | Kaisaniemi Park & Railway Square, Helsinki Ihmisoikeudet | Human Rights Kaakkois- ja Itä-Aasia | East and South-East Asia Teatteri | Theatre Charmaine Clamor (PHI/USA) PMMP Ismo Alanko Sierra Maestra & Kuukumina (CUB/FIN) TERVETULOA | WELCOME IhmisoikeusAasiaa! Got Issues with Human Rights? Ihmisoikeudet ovat olleet koko festivaalin historian ajan ajankohtainen teema niin Human rights have been an integral theme throughout the existence of World Village festivaaliohjelmassa kuin maailman eri kolkissa. Aiheesta entistä ajankohtaisemman Festival, at the forefront of the festival programme as well various parts of the world. tekee tämän vuoden tapahtuman maantieteellinen painopiste: Pohjois-Korea, Kiina, This year the geographical focus is on Asia: North Korea, China, Cambodia and their Kambodzha sekä monet muut Kaakkois- ja Itä-Aasian valtiot. neighbouring countries, thereby making it even more relevant. Ihmisoikeudet ja niiden puolustaminen ovat esillä lukuisissa festivaalin asiaohjel- Human rights and their defense are thematically present in factual, literary and ma-, kirjallisuus- ja teatteriohjelmanumeroissa sekä taustavaikuttajina useilla musiik- theatre programme, whilst also being a driving element for several of the festival’s kiartisteilla. Teema on esillä kymmenien ellei satojen näytteilleasettajien osastoilla artists. Dozens if not hundreds of exhibitors in the Railway Square, Kaisaniemi Park niin Rautatientorilla kuin Kaisaniemen kentällä Mahdollisuuksien tori -teltan ihmisoi- and the Human Rights section of the Market of Possibilities tent have chosen to show- keusosastolla. case human rights at their stands as well. Kotimaisia ihmisoikeusasioita nostetaan esille Säilö-ihmisoikeusteoksessa, joka Human Rights Artwork Säilö, which presents the stories of a Finland through the kertoo alaikäisten turvapaikanhakijoiden tarinoita Suomessa.
    [Show full text]
  • Garage House Music Whats up with That
    Garage House Music whats up with that Future funk is a sample-based advancement of Nu-disco which formed out of the Vaporwave scene and genre in the early 2010s. It tends to be more energetic than vaporwave, including elements of French Home, Synth Funk, and making use of Vaporwave modifying techniques. A style coming from the mid- 2010s, often explained as a blend of UK garage and deep home with other elements and strategies from EDM, popularized in late 2014 into 2015, typically mixes deep/metallic/sax hooks with heavy drops somewhat like the ones discovered in future garage. One of the very first house categories with origins embeded in New York and New Jersey. It was named after the Paradise Garage bar in New york city that operated from 1977 to 1987 under the prominent resident DJ Larry Levan. Garage house established along with Chicago home and the outcome was home music sharing its resemblances, affecting each other. One contrast from Chicago house was that the vocals in garage house drew stronger impacts from gospel. Noteworthy examples consist of Adeva and Tony Humphries. Kristine W is an example of a musician involved with garage house outside the genre's origin of birth. Also understood as G-house, it includes very little 808 and 909 drum machine-driven tracks and often sexually explicit lyrics. See likewise: ghettotech, juke house, footwork. It integrates components of Chicago's ghetto house with electro, Detroit techno, Miami bass and UK garage. It includes four-on-the-floor rhythms and is normally faster than a lot of other dance music categories, at approximately 145 to 160 BPM.
    [Show full text]
  • JASIAH BIO the Era of Soundcloud Rap Ushered in a Golden Age of Teenage DIY Artists Who Make Music on Their Terms. to Grow From
    JASIAH BIO The era of SoundCloud rap ushered in a golden age of teenage DIY artists who make music on their terms. To grow from the depths of SoundCloud to the mainstream stage, Jasiah used the audio distribution platform to connect with his fans, promoting his music as much as possible. When his self-produced, self-written songs started gaining traction online, it was a stroke of luck that one of those fans was Ugly God. Jasiah remembers when Ugly God Posted his “HAHAHAHAHA” freestyle on Soundcloud. “He was like, ‘The first time I open my DMs to listen to one of y’all wack ass rappers, and its actually a banger,’” He says with a laugh. The reaction was enough reassurance that he was on the right track. Originally from Dayton, Ohio, Jasiah, 22, is unlike any rapper associated with the SoundCloud rap movement. He considers himself to be an artist who can transcend genres. This means he can excel in any category, whether its making screamo songs like “Case 19,” which features Tekashi 6ix9ine, or agro anthems like “Crisis” that contains a familiar Courage the Cowardly Dog sample. The record got him his first music video with hip-hop’s sought-after director Cole Bennett, who shared it on the influential Lyrical Lemonade YouTube page. With over eight million views thus far, it’s clear Jasiah’s music is making an impact. “When I first dropped it, I only had 800 followers on SoundCloud at the time. And it was going up. It had 48,000 plays,” he says.
    [Show full text]
  • Noah Kin Biog.Pages
    After Flow Festival 2013, District MTV UK commented “Noah Kin is going to be the next big thing in hip-hop”. Noah Kin, born 1994, is a Finnish-Nigerian rapper and producer from Helsinki. Already an established artist in Finland, the single releases from his latest album “Now You See” have been attracting attention from outside his home country and despite his young age he has already performed in the UK, Germany, Norway, Austria, Switzerland, Estonia and in Eurosonic 2014 - where he got picked as one of the top 5 performers of Eurosonic by Switzerland’s radio SRF Virus. Noah Kin got signed on the independent label Cocoa Music for his third solo album in 2014. He has since been featured on well known online medias such as Noisey/VICE, Ja Ja Ja, The Line Of Best Fit and District MTV as well as on TV and radio in Germany, France and Belgium. Noah has opened for Wiz Khalifa, Kendrick Lamar and Earl Sweatshirt and performed alongside the legendary Oakland rap group The Coup in Finland. His latest album introduces a world of original and eccentric sound that has it's roots deep in modern electronic beats. Noah Kin has broadened his interpretation even wider and the album features diverse styles and rapping and singing from the artist. The album moves from the beautifully moody soundscapes of tracks such as "Calm" and the very personal "My Road" to the aggressive styles of the video singles "822" and "RBLS", a style which Noah Kin particularly excels in: sharp rapping and his modern tone of voice.
    [Show full text]
  • Defining and Transgressing Norms of Black Female Sexuality
    Wesleyan University The Honors College (Re)Defining and Transgressing Norms of Black Female Sexuality by Indee S. Mitchell Class of 2010 A thesis (or essay) submitted to the faculty of Wesleyan University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Arts with Departmental Honors in Dance Middletown, Connecticut April 13, 2010 1 I have come to believe over and over again that what is most important to me must be spoken, made verbal and shared, even at the risk of having it bruised or misunderstood -Audre Lorde 2 Acknowledgements I would like to extend my most sincere and heart filled appreciation to the faculty and staff of both the Dance and Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies Departments, especially my academic and thesis advisor, Katja, who has supported and guided me in ways I never could expect. Thank you Katja for believing in me, my art, and the power embedded within. Both the Dance and FGSS departments have contributed to me finding and securing my artistic and academic voice as a Queer GenderFucking Womyn of Color; a voice that I will continue to use for the sake of art, liberation and equality. I would also like to thank the coordinators of the Mellon Mays Undergraduate Fellowship, Krishna and Rene, for providing me with tools and support throughout this process of creation, as well as my fellow Mellon fellows for their most sincere encouragement (We did it Guys!). I cannot thank my dancers and artistic collaborators (Maya, Simone, Randyll, Jessica, Temnete, Amani, Adeneiki, Nicole and Genevive) enough for their contributions and openness to this project.
    [Show full text]
  • Why Hip-Hop Is Queer: Using Queer Theory to Examine Identity Formation in Rap Music
    Why Hip-Hop is Queer: Using Queer Theory to Examine Identity Formation in Rap Music Silvia Maria Galis-Menendez Advisor: Dr. Irene Mata Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Prerequisite for Honors in the Department of Women’s and Gender Studies May 2013 © Silvia Maria Galis-Menendez 2 Table of Contents Introduction 3 “These Are the Breaks:” Flow, Layering, Rupture, and the History of Hip-Hop 6 Hip-Hop Identity Interventions and My Project 12 “When Hip-Hop Lost Its Way, He Added a Fifth Element – Knowledge” 18 Chapter 1. “Baby I Ride with My Mic in My Bra:” Nicki Minaj, Azealia Banks and the Black Female Body as Resistance 23 “Super Bass:” Black Sexual Politics and Romantic Relationships in the Works of Nicki Minaj and Azealia Banks 28 “Hey, I’m the Liquorice Bitch:” Challenging Dominant Representations of the Black Female Body 39 Fierce: Affirmation and Appropriation of Queer Black and Latin@ Cultures 43 Chapter 2. “Vamo a Vence:” Las Krudas, Feminist Activism, and Hip-Hop Identities across Borders 50 El Hip-Hop Cubano 53 Las Krudas and Queer Cuban Feminist Activism 57 Chapter 3. Coming Out and Keepin’ It Real: Frank Ocean, Big Freedia, and Hip- Hop Performances 69 Big Freedia, Queen Diva: Twerking, Positionality, and Challenging the Gaze 79 Conclusion 88 Bibliography 95 3 Introduction In 1987 Onika Tanya Maraj immigrated to Queens, New York City from her native Trinidad and Tobago with her family. Maraj attended a performing arts high school in New York City and pursued an acting career. In addition to acting, Maraj had an interest in singing and rapping.
    [Show full text]
  • Mediated Music Makers. Constructing Author Images in Popular Music
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Helsingin yliopiston digitaalinen arkisto Laura Ahonen Mediated music makers Constructing author images in popular music Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by due permission of the Faculty of Arts at the University of Helsinki in auditorium XII, on the 10th of November, 2007 at 10 o’clock. Laura Ahonen Mediated music makers Constructing author images in popular music Finnish Society for Ethnomusicology Publ. 16. © Laura Ahonen Layout: Tiina Kaarela, Federation of Finnish Learned Societies ISBN 978-952-99945-0-2 (paperback) ISBN 978-952-10-4117-4 (PDF) Finnish Society for Ethnomusicology Publ. 16. ISSN 0785-2746. Contents Acknowledgements. 9 INTRODUCTION – UNRAVELLING MUSICAL AUTHORSHIP. 11 Background – On authorship in popular music. 13 Underlying themes and leading ideas – The author and the work. 15 Theoretical framework – Constructing the image. 17 Specifying the image types – Presented, mediated, compiled. 18 Research material – Media texts and online sources . 22 Methodology – Social constructions and discursive readings. 24 Context and focus – Defining the object of study. 26 Research questions, aims and execution – On the work at hand. 28 I STARRING THE AUTHOR – IN THE SPOTLIGHT AND UNDERGROUND . 31 1. The author effect – Tracking down the source. .32 The author as the point of origin. 32 Authoring identities and celebrity signs. 33 Tracing back the Romantic impact . 35 Leading the way – The case of Björk . 37 Media texts and present-day myths. .39 Pieces of stardom. .40 Single authors with distinct features . 42 Between nature and technology . 45 The taskmaster and her crew.
    [Show full text]