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UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA ÁREA INTEGRADA APORTE a LA PRODUCCIÓN DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra

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UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA ÁREA INTEGRADA APORTE a LA PRODUCCIÓN DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA ÁREA INTEGRADA APORTE A LA PRODUCCIÓN DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra adiantiformis (G. Forst.) Ching), DIAGNÓSTICO Y SERVICIOS EN LA FINCA COSTA SOL S.A., SAN MIGUEL DUEÑAS, SACATEPÉQUEZ, GUATEMALA, C.A. CLAUDIA CRISTINA GORDILLO ARRIOLA GUATEMALA, FEBRERO DE 2013 UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA ÁREA INTEGRADA APORTE A LA PRODUCCIÓN DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra adiantiformis (G. Forst.) Ching), DIAGNÓSTICO Y SERVICIOS EN LA FINCA COSTA SOL S.A., SAN MIGUEL DUEÑAS, SACATEPÉQUEZ, GUATEMALA, C.A. PRESENTADO A LA HONORABLE JUNTA DIRECTIVA DE LA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA POR CLAUDIA CRISTINA GORDILLO ARRIOLA EN EL ACTO DE INVESTIDURA COMO INGENIERA AGRÓNOMA EN SISTEMAS DE PRODUCCIÓN AGRÍCOLA EN EL GRADO ACADÉMICO DE LICENCIADA Guatemala, febrero de 2013 UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA RECTOR MAGNÍFICO Dr. Carlos Estuardo Gálvez Barrios JUNTA DIRECTIVA DE LA FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA DECANO Dr. Lauriano Figueroa Quiñonez VOCAL I Dr. Ariel Abderramán Ortiz López VOCAL II Ing. Agr. MSc. Marino Barrientos García VOCAL III Ing. Agr. MSc. Oscar René Leiva Ruano VOCAL IV Br. Ana Isabel Fión Ruíz VOCAL V Br. Luis Roberto Orellana López SECRETARIO Ing. Agr. Carlos Roberto Echeverría Escobedo Guatemala, febrero de 2013 Guatemala, febrero de 2013 Honorable Junta Directiva Honorable Tribunal Examinador Facultad de Agronomía Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala Honorables miembros: De acuerdo con las normas establecidas por la Ley Orgánica de la Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, tengo el honor de someter a vuestra consideración, el trabajo de Graduación titulado: APORTE A LA PRODUCCIÓN DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra adiantiformis (G. Forst.) Ching), DIAGNÓSTICO Y SERVICIOS EN LA FINCA COSTA SOL S.A., SAN MIGUEL DUEÑAS, SACATEPÉQUEZ, GUATEMALA, C.A., presentado como requisito previo a optar al título de Ingeniera Agrónoma en Sistemas de Producción Agrícola, en el grado académico de Licenciada. Esperando que el mismo llene los requerimientos necesarios para su aprobación, me es grato suscribirme, Atentamente, “ID Y ENSEÑAD A TODOS” Claudia Cristina Gordillo Arriola ACTO QUE DEDICO A: DIOS Y SU HIJO Por que sin merecerlo me haz colmado de bendiciones y haz abrazado JESUCRISTO mi vida con tu amor, agradezco infinitamente Padre por cada soplo de vida, en tus manos deposito mi ser, guíame te ruego. NUESTRA MADRE Por su maravilloso ejemplo de humildad y obediencia, gracias por tu SANTÍSIMA amor, paz y protección en los momentos plenos y de tormenta. MIS PADRES Silvia Josefina y Jaime Lisandro, por estar conmigo en cada uno de mis pasos y proyectos, apoyándome incondicionalmente. Gracias por todos sus esfuerzos, por aconsejarme, guiarme, por cada noche de desvelo, y sobre todo gracias por una infancia y vida sin igual en un hogar tan bonito, este logro es de ustedes. Los amo con todas las fuerzas de mi corazón. MI HERMANO Jaime por ser mi mejor amigo, mi apoyo, el mejor consejero y sobre todo una gran inspiración en mi vida y mi modelo a seguir. Gracias por cada momento compartido. MI HERMANA Gabriela, por ser mi eterna confidente y mejor amiga. Sabés, mi mayor deseo en la vida es que seas felíz. Gracias a los dos por cuidarme siempre y por todos los recuerdos bonitos de nuestra infancia y vida juntos, los quiero con todo mi corazón. MIS ABUELITOS Héctor Hugo Arriola Borja y María Alicia Jiménez de Arriola por su cariño, oraciones y sabios consejos, siempre los llevo muy presentes. MI NOVIO Andrés Letona, por las lecciones de vida compartidas, por tu amor, apoyo y consejos, espero que logremos nuestro sueño “El camino será difícil pero la recompensa es grande”. MIS AMIGOS DE José Alejandro Estrada, Pablo Montepeque, Wilson López, José A. LA FAUSAC Calderón, Juan Luis Folgar, Efraín Ibáñez, Nicté Fernández, Mónica Jiménez, José Bejarano, Ma. Teresa Echeverría, Juan A. Zepeda, Rudy Guillermo, Pablo García Zamora y a toda la promoción 2006. MIS AMIGOS Estuardo Ramos, Efraín López Vásquez, Pablo González, Mario Villatoro, Omar Sánchez, Carlos Daniel García Arellano, Luis Guillermo Herrera, Martín Chen, Ricardo Montepeque, Lourdes estrada, Luis Felipe Calderón, Jorge López y Edwin mejía. MIS ÁNGELES DE Jame Lucía Hernández, Georgina George, Víctor Alfonso Menéndez, LA GUARDA Víctor J. Orozco y Rony Dubón, porque un hermano comparte más que la sangre, gracias por su apoyo incondicional en todo momento, son muy importantes en mi vida. TRABAJO DE GRADUACIÓN QUE DEDICO A: Mi tío Edgar Roberto Arriola Jiménez (Tío Han) (Q.E.P.D.), “Como un ángel llegaste a éste mundo y de la misma manera Dios te llamó a su regazo” me hubiese encantado haberte conocido. Mis abuelos Jaime Lisandro Gordillo y Marta Monterroso de Gordillo (Q.E.P.D.). Mi gran amigo Eddy Rodrigo (Q.E.P.D.), gracias por tus consejos, apoyo y momentos compartidos, donde quiera que estés quiero que sepás que jamás te olvidaremos y siempre te llevamos en nuestros corazones. MI PATRIA GUATEMALA. ANTIGUA GUATEMALA, hermosa tierra que me vio nacer, espero me arrulles entre tus brazos en el descanso eterno. UNIVERSIDAD DE SAN CARLOS DE GUATEMALA, la gloriosa y tricentenaria Alma Mater, templo del saber. FACULTAD DE AGRONOMÍA, por formarme profesionalmente y darme los mejores recuerdos de mi vida. INSTITUTO EMILIANI PADRES SOMASCOS, por contribuir a mi formación académica. AGRADECIMIETOS A: MI SUPERVISOR EPS, Ing. Agr. Fernando Rodríguez Bracamonte, por su apoyo incondicional y constante, por impulsarme en momentos de flaqueza, y sobre todo por su invaluable contribución para la realización del presente documento. MI ASESOR, Dr. David Monterroso Salvatierra, por su ayuda, asesoría y conocimientos compartidos. LA CORPORACIÓN TAK Y A LA INGA. LILA JUDITH REYES, por permitir realizar mi ejercicio profesional supervisado -EPS-. A las personas que tuve el agrado de conocer a través de la corporación Don Henrry Nufio, Romeo Talento, Eddy Santizo, Adolfo López, Vitelio Córdoba e Ing. Wilver Yapán. LA FINCA COSTA SOL S.A., a la gente de producción en el campo, porque su trabajo es el motor que mueve la corporación, en especial a: Roberto Rodríguez, Cesar Jerez, Rubén González, Freddy Pachel, Aracely Lemus, Ediberto Puc, Reginaldo Civil, Maximino, Walter Rosales, Freddy Sumalé, Edgar Galicia, Danilo García, Danilo Matías, Oscar López, Feliciano Astún, Antonio Otoy, Eliseo Morales, Genara, Elvis, Doña Antonieta Xoc, Don Rosalío y todo el personal de seguridad. Con agradecimiento sincero por compartir sus conocimientos, darme su apoyo y lo más importante su amistad a Don Albino Ascual, Juan Carlos Rodríguez y Oscar Giovanni Sul, que Dios les bendiga siempre. MIS PADRINOS Y MADRINA, por motivarme de una u otra forma en el camino de la vida. LAS FAMILIAS George Portillo, Letona Diemecke y Hernández González, por su cariño, apoyo, consejos y hospitalidad. A todas las personas que han compartido conmigo algún momento de sus vidas, Dios las puso en mi camino por alguna razón y han dejado grandes lecciones para madurar y seguir adelante. i ÍNDICE GENERAL CONTENIDO PÁGINA CAPÍTULO I ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- DIAGNÓSTICO DE LAS ACTIVIDADES PRODUCTIVAS Y MANEJO ----------------------- DEL CULTIVO DE HOJA DE CUERO (Rumohra adiantiformis (G. Forst.) --------------- Ching) EN LA FINCA COSTA SOL S.A., CORPORACIÓN TAK, SAN ------------------ MIGUEL DUEÑAS, SACATEPÉQUEZ ................................................................................. 1 1.1 PRESENTACIÓN........................................................................................................ 2 1.2 MARCO REFERENCIAL ............................................................................................ 3 1.2.1 Ubicación geográfica ............................................................................................ 3 1.2.2 Suelos ................................................................................................................ 3 1.2.3 Zonas de vida ..................................................................................................... 4 1.2.4 Clima .................................................................................................................. 4 1.2.5 Descripción de la hoja de cuero (Rumohra adiantiformis ------------------------------- ---------(G. Forst.) Ching) ................................................................................................ 6 A Frondas .................................................................................................................. 6 B Tallo ....................................................................................................................... 6 1.3 OBJETIVOS ................................................................................................................ 8 1.3.1 General ................................................................................................................ 8 1.3.2 Específicos ......................................................................................................... 8 1.4 METODOLOGÍA Y RECURSOS ................................................................................ 9 1.4.1 Primera fase de gabinete ................................................................................... 9 1.4.2 Fase de campo ................................................................................................... 9 1.4.3 Fase de observación .........................................................................................
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