Marcus Hook Borough Comprehensive Plan Task Force in the Preparation of This Document

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Marcus Hook Borough Comprehensive Plan Task Force in the Preparation of This Document COMPREHENSIVE PLAN MARCUS HOOK BOROUGH Delaware County, Pennsylvania 2002 COMPREHENSIVE PLAN FOR THE BOROUGH OF MARCUS HOOK OCTOBER 7, 2002 Prepared for the citizens of the Borough of Marcus Hook by the Delaware County Planning Department This project was financed in part with funding from the Community Development Block Grant Program under Title 1 of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974, P.L. 93-383 (as amended). Printed on Recycled Paper The logo was approved by Borough Council on February 3, 1992. It was designed to represent the overall character, culture, and history of Marcus Hook and incorporates the Borough’s motto “The Cornerstone of Pennsylvania.” The diamond shape represents the quality in the Borough. The Municipal Building façade was chosen as a unique Marcus Hook landmark. The people in front of it represent the diverse community support and the public/private partnerships which have contributed to the vitality of the Borough. The sunburst at the top shows the bright and promising future ahead. Wrapping the two sides are sycamore trees which are native to the Borough and reflect the new growth, attention to the environment, and concern for the beautification of the community. The straight and wavy stars and stripes lend a patriotic feel. The waves represent Marcus Hook’s proud beginning as a waterfront settlement. The five stars refer to the five star quality of life as well as the five war memorials throughout the Borough. BOROUGH OF MARCUS HOOK COUNCIL Albert Argentine, President Mervin Boyer, Vice President Jack Frieze Anthony Gallo Bernard W. Gallo Arthur Sutherland Joan Sylvester MAYOR George A. McClure, Mayor BOROUGH OFFICIALS Bruce A. Dorbian, Manager Charles J. Catania, P.E., Engineer Louis G. Stesis, Solicitor Bernard Gallo, Code Enforcement Officer PLANNING COMMISSION Roland Faries, Chairman James Muzyk, Vice Chairman William Dooley Robert Kersey Rebecca Stier ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The Delaware County Planning Department greatly appreciates the assistance given by the Marcus Hook Borough Comprehensive Plan Task Force in the preparation of this document. COMPREHENSIVE PLAN TASK FORCE Roland Faries, Planning Commission Chairman Ronald Beachboard, Zoning Hearing Board William Dooley, Planning Commission Anthony Gallo, Council Bernard Gallo, Council Robert Kersey, Planning Commission James Muzyk, Planning Commission Rebecca Stier, Planning Commission Bruce A. Dorbian, Borough Manager The Delaware County Planning Department also thanks all of the other Borough officials and residents who rendered their assistance through surveys and participation during meetings held for the preparation of this comprehensive plan. DELAWARE COUNTY PLANNING DEPARTMENT John E. Pickett, AICP, Director Lois B. Saunders, Deputy Director George Kobryn, Project Manager Michael S. Elabarger, Senior Planner Beverlee Barnes, Manager Dannielle Bucci, Project Intern* David Collins, AICP, Housing Program Manager Doris K. Cusano, Contract/Systems Manager Julie Del Muto, GIS Coordinator Michael Farrell, Senior Transportation Planner* Devin Gargan, GIS Analyst* H. Marian Goodchild, Senior Program Specialist Susan Hauser, Manager Karen Holm, Manager Brent McIvor, Project Intern* Janice Richardson, Administrator Thomas Shaffer, Manager Kathleen Wandersee, Senior Planner E. Jennifer Wesson, Senior Planner* * former staff members BOROUGH OF MARCUS HOOK DELAWARE COUNTY, PENNSYLVANIA RESOLUTION NO. _____ WHEREAS, the Borough of Marcus Hook deemed it in the best interest of the Borough to update the Comprehensive Plan; and WHEREAS, a Comprehensive Plan, including maps, charts, and text, has been prepared by the Delaware County Planning Department, working with a task force of elected and appointed officials and citizens of the Borough, indicating recommendations for the future development of the Borough; and WHEREAS, a public meeting of the Planning Commission was held on July 18, 2002 and a public hearing was held on September 5, 2002, pursuant to public notice, and no substantial revisions in the proposed Comprehensive Plan resulted therefrom. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED that the Marcus Hook Borough Council does hereby approve and adopt the Comprehensive Plan for the Borough of Marcus Hook dated October 07, 2002, and that this plan shall henceforth constitute the Comprehensive Plan of the Borough of Marcus Hook under and in accordance with Article III of the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, Act 247 of 1968, as amended. RESOLVED this 7th day of October, 2002. COUNCIL OF THE BOROUGH OF MARCUS HOOK By: _____________________________ Albert Argentine President of Council Attest: __________________________ Bruce A. Dorbian Borough Manager _____________________________ George A. McClure Mayor TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE 1 INTRODUCTION Nature of the Comprehensive Plan ................................................. 1-1 Planning Process ............................................................................. 1-1 Plan Updating and Implementation ................................................ 1-2 Borough’s Proactive Approach....................................................... 1-2 Regional Setting.............................................................................. 1-3 Plan Organization............................................................................ 1-3 2 VISION STATEMENT, GOALS, AND OBJECTIVES Vision Statement............................................................................. 2-1 Goals, Objectives, and Policies....................................................... 2-2 How to Use this Chapter and Plan .................................................. 2-3 Historic Preservation Goal.............................................................. 2-3 Environmental Goal........................................................................ 2-4 Housing Goal .................................................................................. 2-5 Transportation Goal ........................................................................ 2-7 Community Facilities Goal............................................................. 2-8 Parks, Recreation, and Greenways Goal......................................... 2-10 Residential Land Use Goal ............................................................. 2-11 Nonresidential Land Use Goal........................................................ 2-12 Livable Community Goal ............................................................... 2-13 3 HISTORIC PRESERVATION Introduction..................................................................................... 3-1 Historic Overview........................................................................... 3-1 Historic Contexts ............................................................................ 3-2 Waterfront Context................................................................... 3-3 Industrial Context...................................................................... 3-3 Residential Context................................................................... 3-4 Commercial Context................................................................. 3-6 Historic Resources Survey of 1981................................................. 3-6 Updating the Survey ................................................................. 3-9 Viscose Village ............................................................................... 3-10 Recommendations..................................................................... 3-10 4 ENVIRONMENT Introduction..................................................................................... 4-1 Natural Features.............................................................................. 4-1 Soils and Topography ............................................................... 4-1 Wetlands ................................................................................... 4-1 i TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) CHAPTER PAGE Floodplains................................................................................ 4-2 Environmental Issues...................................................................... 4-5 Air Quality................................................................................ 4-5 Water Quality............................................................................ 4-7 Stormwater Management.......................................................... 4-9 Brownfields............................................................................... 4-11 Solid Waste Management and Recycling ................................. 4-13 Environmental Programs ................................................................ 4-14 Delaware River Coastal Zone ................................................... 4-14 Environmental Advisory Councils............................................ 4-15 5 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS Introduction..................................................................................... 5-1 Census 2000 Data ........................................................................... 5-1 Population Trends..................................................................... 5-1 Population Estimates and Forecasts.......................................... 5-1 Age Distribution........................................................................ 5-2 Racial Composition................................................................... 5-4 Housing Occupancy.................................................................. 5-5 Household
Recommended publications
  • Returning the American Eel to the Susquehanna River
    Returning the American Eel to the Susquehanna River ph ot o- Jo sh D . T r y n in e w s k by Josh D. Tryninewski i Fisheries Biologist PFBC Anadromous Fish Restoration Unit photo-USFWS The Susquehanna River once supported tremendous numbers of a long-lived and highly migratory fish that looked more like a snake than a fish. The American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) with its slimy, slender, elongated body, slithering movements, and reclusive and nocturnal lifestyle can conjure up feelings of fright and disgust to the unsuspecting angler. However, the misunderstood American Eel has a complex and fascinating life history with environmental importance that has gained A Normandeau appreciation, understanding and a refreshed restoration focus Associates Biologist counts American in recent years. photo-Josh Tryninewski The American Eel is a catadromous fish that requires access Eels at the Conowingo to both freshwater and marine environments to complete its Dam eel collection facility. life cycle. The entire population, which ranges from Greenland to northern South America, spawns in the Sargasso Sea. Young eels are then transported by ocean currents to the Atlantic Unfortunately, historical abundance was severely impacted Coast, where the eels move into estuaries and freshwater rivers by human activities, mainly dam building. Since the early to grow and mature. Juvenile eels are around 2- to 3-years- 1900s, the lower Susquehanna River has been harnessed by old and 4- to 6-inches in length when migration into the four large hydroelectric dams. While providing electricity to Susquehanna River begins. However, when mature, adult eels many communities, the dams effectively closed the river to may be 7- to 40-years-old and 3- to 5-feet in length.
    [Show full text]
  • Susquehanna Riyer Drainage Basin
    'M, General Hydrographic Water-Supply and Irrigation Paper No. 109 Series -j Investigations, 13 .N, Water Power, 9 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR HYDROGRAPHY OF THE SUSQUEHANNA RIYER DRAINAGE BASIN BY JOHN C. HOYT AND ROBERT H. ANDERSON WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1 9 0 5 CONTENTS. Page. Letter of transmittaL_.__.______.____.__..__.___._______.._.__..__..__... 7 Introduction......---..-.-..-.--.-.-----............_-........--._.----.- 9 Acknowledgments -..___.______.._.___.________________.____.___--_----.. 9 Description of drainage area......--..--..--.....-_....-....-....-....--.- 10 General features- -----_.____._.__..__._.___._..__-____.__-__---------- 10 Susquehanna River below West Branch ___...______-_--__.------_.--. 19 Susquehanna River above West Branch .............................. 21 West Branch ....................................................... 23 Navigation .--..........._-..........-....................-...---..-....- 24 Measurements of flow..................-.....-..-.---......-.-..---...... 25 Susquehanna River at Binghamton, N. Y_-..---...-.-...----.....-..- 25 Ghenango River at Binghamton, N. Y................................ 34 Susquehanna River at Wilkesbarre, Pa......_............-...----_--. 43 Susquehanna River at Danville, Pa..........._..................._... 56 West Branch at Williamsport, Pa .._.................--...--....- _ - - 67 West Branch at Allenwood, Pa.....-........-...-.._.---.---.-..-.-.. 84 Juniata River at Newport, Pa...-----......--....-...-....--..-..---.-
    [Show full text]
  • PRESERVING ISSUE 02 SUMMER 2019 Pennsylvaniathe Newsletter Dedicated to Preserving Pennsylvania’S Historic Places
    VOLUME 32 PRESERVING ISSUE 02 SUMMER 2019 PENNSYLVANIAThe Newsletter Dedicated to Preserving Pennsylvania’s Historic Places www.preservationpa.org AWARDS SELECTION COMMITTEE Thank you to these individuals for their service on this year’s judging panel. Ira Beckerman, Archaeologist Pennsylvania Historic Preservation Board Justin Detwiler, Architect John Milner Architects Valerie Metzler, Archivist Preservation Pennsylvania Board Jane Sheffield Heritage PA, Allegheny Ridge Corporation Mary Tate Pennsylvania Downtown Center The Honor Award recipients are selected by Preservation Pennsylvania’s board of directors. HONOR AWARDS F. Otto Haas Award sponsored by A. Roy Smith JUNE 19, 2019 Henry A. Jordan Award sponsored by WILSON COLLEGE Mrs. Henry A. Jordan CHAMBERSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA SPECIAL FOCUS AWARD Ralph Modjeski Award sponsored by Modjeski and Masters TomKEYNOTE Mayes, National Trust forSPEAKER Historic Preservation Author of Why Old Places Matter LANDMARK SPONSORS Column Level The Colebrookdale Railroad Greenhouse Renovation Services, Inc. SgRArchitects TranSystems Foundation Level Kautter & Kelley Architects Mills + Schnoering Architects, LLC Preservation Alliance for Greater Philadelphia Warehaus THANK YOU TO OUR SPONSORS, MEMBERS, DONORS AND ALL THE PASSIONATE PRESERVATIONISTS WHO MAKE A DIFFERENCE EVERY DAY! Preservation Pennsylvania gratefully acknowledges our generous individual and corporate sponsors of the 2019 Pennsylvania Historic Preservation Awards. (This list reflects individual and corporate support received as of the printing date.) 2 ABOUT Preservation Pennsylvania is the commonwealth’s only statewide, private, nonprofit membership organization dedicated to the protection of historically and architecturally significant properties. The organization was created in 1982 as the Preservation Fund of Pennsylvania to MISSION operate a revolving fund that would assist in the acquisition and rehabilitation of Preservation Pennsylvania – through creative historic properties.
    [Show full text]
  • Advertising Rates TABLE of CONTENTS
    2017 18 PITTSBURGH CULTURAL DISTRICT Advertising Rates TABLE OF CONTENTS About the Cultural District .....................................1 Cultural District Demographics..............................2 Tier pricing Guide...................................................3 Advertising Opportunities ....................................4 Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre Company...................6 Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre School .......................9 Pittsburgh CLO A Musical Christmas Carol ...............................10 2017 CLO Summer Season..............................11 Gene Kelly Awards 2017..................................11 The Cabaret at Theater Square .......................12 Pittsburgh Cultural Trust PNC Broadway ................................................14 Citizens Bank Children’s Theater .....................18 EQT Bridge Theater Series ..............................20 Pittsburgh Dance Council ................................22 Cohen & Grigsby Trust Presents Series ...........24 Trust Special Series .........................................29 Trust Cabaret Series.........................................30 Pittsburgh Opera..................................................32 Pittsburgh Public Theater.....................................36 Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra BNY Mellon Grand Classics .............................40 PNC POPS........................................................45 ICON KEY Fiddlesticks Family Concerts............................47 Heinz Hall Specials...........................................48
    [Show full text]
  • Feasibility Study on a Potential Susquehanna Connector Trail for the John Smith Historic Trail
    Feasibility Study on a Potential Susquehanna Connector Trail for the John Smith Historic Trail Prepared for The Friends of the John Smith Chesapeake National Historic Trail November 16, 2009 Coordinated by The Bucknell University Environmental Center’sNature and Human Communities Initiative The Susquehanna Colloquium for Nature and Human Communities The Susquehanna River Heartland Coalition for Environmental Studies In partnership with Bucknell University The Eastern Delaware Nations The Haudenosaunee Confederacy The Susquehanna Greenway Partnership Pennsylvania Environmental Council Funded by the Conservation Fund/R.K. Mellon Foundation 2 Contents Executive Summary ........................................................................................................................ 3 Recommended Susquehanna River Connecting Trail................................................................. 5 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 6 Staff ............................................................................................................................................. 6 Criteria used for Study................................................................................................................. 6 2. Description of Study Area, Team Areas, and Smith Map Analysis ...................................... 8 a. Master Map of Sites and Trails from Smith Era in Study Area........................................... 8 b. Study
    [Show full text]
  • THE OLD WOODEN COVERED BRIDGES of the OCTORARO by D
    I. THE OLD WOODEN COVERED BRIDGES OF THE OCTORARO By D. F. Magee, Esq. When in about 1905 the engineering corps and the executive officers of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company selected the Octoraro Creek as the sole source of their supply of pure water for their engines in use on the eastern division of their main line, and the low grade road the great freight line of this Company between Harrisburg and the Philadelphia and New York terminals, they did so, as they publicly stated, because they found it to be the purest large stream of water in Pennsylvania. This is the exact fact today and will no doubt continue to be the fact for all the years to come. It was then stated by them that from its headwaters about Christiana to its mouth at Octoraro junction where it empties into the Susquehanna river just at the head of tide water, there was no impure material of any kind from village, factory, mill or mine which entered it throughout its flow, a distance of some twenty-eight miles by air line and probably twice that distance by the true course of the winding stream. This freedom from the usual unhealthy conditions effecting most all streams of its size greatly enhances the beauty and charm of this stream as it flows in its bed today, rippling and gleaming in the sunlight through miles of wooded hills and verdant meadows, as they alternate on its borders, to be alternately supplied with the purest of waters from springs far back in the woodland then to distribute this again in irrigating fashion to the thousand of acres of grazing lands afar down its winding valley.
    [Show full text]
  • Summary of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Suspended-Sediment Loads and Trends Measured at the Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network Stations for Water Years 2009–2018
    Summary of Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Suspended-Sediment Loads and Trends Measured at the Chesapeake Bay Nontidal Network Stations for Water Years 2009–2018 Prepared by Douglas L. Moyer and Joel D. Blomquist, U.S. Geological Survey, March 2, 2020 The Chesapeake Bay nontidal network (NTN) currently consists of 123 stations throughout the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Stations are located near U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) stream-flow gages to permit estimates of nutrient and sediment loadings and trends in the amount of loadings delivered downstream. Routine samples are collected monthly, and 8 additional storm-event samples are also collected to obtain a total of 20 samples per year, representing a range of discharge and loading conditions (Chesapeake Bay Program, 2020). The Chesapeake Bay partnership uses results from this monitoring network to focus restoration strategies and track progress in restoring the Chesapeake Bay. Methods Changes in nitrogen, phosphorus, and suspended-sediment loads in rivers across the Chesapeake Bay watershed have been calculated using monitoring data from 123 NTN stations (Moyer and Langland, 2020). Constituent loads are calculated with at least 5 years of monitoring data, and trends are reported after at least 10 years of data collection. Additional information for each monitoring station is available through the USGS website “Water-Quality Loads and Trends at Nontidal Monitoring Stations in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed” (https://cbrim.er.usgs.gov/). This website provides State, Federal, and local partners as well as the general public ready access to a wide range of data for nutrient and sediment conditions across the Chesapeake Bay watershed. In this summary, results are reported for the 10-year period from 2009 through 2018.
    [Show full text]
  • Wild Trout Waters (Natural Reproduction) - September 2021
    Pennsylvania Wild Trout Waters (Natural Reproduction) - September 2021 Length County of Mouth Water Trib To Wild Trout Limits Lower Limit Lat Lower Limit Lon (miles) Adams Birch Run Long Pine Run Reservoir Headwaters to Mouth 39.950279 -77.444443 3.82 Adams Hayes Run East Branch Antietam Creek Headwaters to Mouth 39.815808 -77.458243 2.18 Adams Hosack Run Conococheague Creek Headwaters to Mouth 39.914780 -77.467522 2.90 Adams Knob Run Birch Run Headwaters to Mouth 39.950970 -77.444183 1.82 Adams Latimore Creek Bermudian Creek Headwaters to Mouth 40.003613 -77.061386 7.00 Adams Little Marsh Creek Marsh Creek Headwaters dnst to T-315 39.842220 -77.372780 3.80 Adams Long Pine Run Conococheague Creek Headwaters to Long Pine Run Reservoir 39.942501 -77.455559 2.13 Adams Marsh Creek Out of State Headwaters dnst to SR0030 39.853802 -77.288300 11.12 Adams McDowells Run Carbaugh Run Headwaters to Mouth 39.876610 -77.448990 1.03 Adams Opossum Creek Conewago Creek Headwaters to Mouth 39.931667 -77.185555 12.10 Adams Stillhouse Run Conococheague Creek Headwaters to Mouth 39.915470 -77.467575 1.28 Adams Toms Creek Out of State Headwaters to Miney Branch 39.736532 -77.369041 8.95 Adams UNT to Little Marsh Creek (RM 4.86) Little Marsh Creek Headwaters to Orchard Road 39.876125 -77.384117 1.31 Allegheny Allegheny River Ohio River Headwater dnst to conf Reed Run 41.751389 -78.107498 21.80 Allegheny Kilbuck Run Ohio River Headwaters to UNT at RM 1.25 40.516388 -80.131668 5.17 Allegheny Little Sewickley Creek Ohio River Headwaters to Mouth 40.554253 -80.206802
    [Show full text]
  • Battling Mike Bloomberg Don’T Deliver Triumph in 2001 Over Democrat Mark Isn’T a Fluke,Even in a City Where NEW YORK, NEW YORK, P
    CNYB 10-06-08 A 1 10/3/2008 7:37 PM Page 1 TOP STORIES BUSINESS LIVES Project Onetime AIDS Runway’s L.A. star eclipsed by move miffs former employee New Yorkers PAGE 3 ® P. 39 Banker, comic top readers’ list of most influential VOL. XXIV, NO. 40 WWW.CRAINSNEWYORK.COM OCTOBER 6-12, 2008 PRICE: $3.00 PAGE 3 Bob Woodward, Bill O’Reilly books Battling Mike Bloomberg don’t deliver triumph in 2001 over Democrat Mark isn’t a fluke,even in a city where NEW YORK, NEW YORK, P. 6 Two decades in the cold? Green was chalked up to the terrorist at- Democrats comprise two- tack of Sept. 11. Their smashing re-elec- thirds of registered voters High Line and other Democrats face crucial test; tion victories were attributed to the pow- and dominate elected of- new parks buoy a plan for Thompson, Weiner er of incumbency. fices at every other level. surrounding areas But Mr. Bloomberg’s de- Two prominent De- INSIDE cision last week to seek a ocrats, City Comptroller BY ERIK ENGQUIST third term could make William Thompson Jr. and REAL ESTATE REPORT, P. 21 EDITORIAL It’s a long way it 20 consecutive Rep. Anthony Weiner, aim to to 2009 vote next year’s mayoral race will be a gut years without a return City Hall to Democrat- P. 12 check for the Democratic Party. Democrat ic hands even if Mr. 2009 INSIDER When Republican Rudy Giuliani up- running Bloomberg makes the bal- Scramble down set Mayor David Dinkins in 1993, it was the city.
    [Show full text]
  • Lancaster County Incremental Deliveredhammer a Creekgricultural Lititz Run Lancasterload of Nitro Gcountyen Per HUC12 Middle Creek
    PENNSYLVANIA Lancaster County Incremental DeliveredHammer A Creekgricultural Lititz Run LancasterLoad of Nitro gCountyen per HUC12 Middle Creek Priority Watersheds Cocalico Creek/Conestoga River Little Cocalico Creek/Cocalico Creek Millers Run/Little Conestoga Creek Little Muddy Creek Upper Chickies Creek Lower Chickies Creek Muddy Creek Little Chickies Creek Upper Conestoga River Conoy Creek Middle Conestoga River Donegal Creek Headwaters Pequea Creek Hartman Run/Susquehanna River City of Lancaster Muddy Run/Mill Creek Cabin Creek/Susquehanna River Eshlemen Run/Pequea Creek West Branch Little Conestoga Creek/ Little Conestoga Creek Pine Creek Locally Generated Green Branch/Susquehanna River Valley Creek/ East Branch Ag Nitrogen Pollution Octoraro Creek Lower Conestoga River (pounds/acre/year) Climbers Run/Pequea Creek Muddy Run/ 35.00–45.00 East Branch 25.00–34.99 Fishing Creek/Susquehanna River Octoraro Creek Legend 10.00–24.99 West Branch Big Beaver Creek Octoraro Creek 5.00–9.99 Incremental Delivered Load NMap (l Createdbs/a byc rThee /Chesapeakeyr) Bay Foundation Data from USGS SPARROW Model (2011) Conowingo Creek 0.00–4.99 0.00 - 4.99 cida.usgs.gov/sparrow Tweed Creek/Octoraro Creek 5.00 - 9.99 10.00 - 24.99 25.00 - 34.99 35.00 - 45.00 Map Created by The Chesapeake Bay Foundation Data from USGS SPARROW Model (2011) http://cida.usgs.gov/sparrow PENNSYLVANIA York County Incremental Delivered Agricultural YorkLoad Countyof Nitrogen per HUC12 Priority Watersheds Hartman Run/Susquehanna River York City Cabin Creek Green Branch/Susquehanna
    [Show full text]
  • American Eel: Collection and Relocation Conowingo Dam, Susquehanna River, Maryland 2016
    American Eel: Collection and Relocation Conowingo Dam, Susquehanna River, Maryland 2016 Chris Reily, Biological Science Technician, MD Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, USFWS Steve Minkkinen, Project Leader, MD Fish and Wildlife Conservation Office, USFWS 1 BACKGROUND The American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) is the only species of freshwater eel in North America and originates from the Sargasso Sea in the North Atlantic Ocean (USFWS 2011). The eels are catadromous, hatching in saltwater and maturing in freshwater before returning to their natal waters to spawn. Larval eels (referred to as leptocephalus larvae) are transported throughout the eastern seaboard via ocean currents where their range extends from Brazil to Greenland. By the time the year-long journey to the coast is over, they have matured into the “glass eel” phase and have developed fins and taken on the overall shape of the adults (Hedgepath 1983). After swimming upstream into continental waters, the 5-8 cm glass eels mature into “elvers” at which time they take on a green-brown to gray pigmentation and grow beyond 10 cm in length (Haro and Krueger 1988). Elvers migrate upstream into estuarine and riverine environments where they will remain as they change into sexually immature “yellow eels”. Yellow eels have a yellow-green to olive coloration and will typically remain in this stage for three to 20 years before reaching the final stage of maturity. The eels may begin reaching sexual maturity when they reach at least 25 cm in length and are called “silver eels”. Silver eels become darker on the dorsal side and silvery or white on the ventral side and continue to grow as they complete their sexual maturation.
    [Show full text]
  • PA COAST Priority Ag Watersheds.Xls
    PA_COAST_Priority_Ag_Watersheds.xls HUC_12 HU_12_NAME STATES PARAMETER 020503050505 Lower Yellow Breeches Creek PA N and P 020700040601 Headwaters West Branch Conococheague Creek PA N and P 020503060904 Cocalico Creek-Conestoga River PA N and P 020503061104 Middle Conestoga River PA N and P 020503061701 Conoy Creek PA N and P 020503061103 Upper Conestoga River PA N and P 020503061105 Lititz Run PA N and P 020503051009 Fishing Creek-York County PA N and P 020402030701 Upper French Creek PA N and P 020503061102 Muddy Creek PA N and P 020503060801 Upper Chickies Creek PA N and P 020402030608 Hay Creek PA N and P 020503051010 Conewago Creek PA N and P 020402030606 Green Hills Lake-Allegheny Creek PA N and P 020503061101 Little Muddy Creek PA N and P 020503051011 Laurel Run-Susquehanna River PA N and P 020503060902 Middle Creek PA N and P 020503060903 Hammer Creek PA N and P 020503060901 Little Cocalico Creek-Cocalico Creek PA N and P 020503050904 Spring Creek PA N and P 020503050906 Swatara Creek-Susquehanna River PA N and P 020402030605 Wyomissing Creek PA N and P 020503050801 Killinger Creek PA N and P 020503050105 Laurel Run PA N and P 020402030408 Cacoosing Creek PA N and P 020402030401 Mill Creek PA N and P 020503050802 Snitz Creek-Quittapahilla Creek PA N and P 020503040404 Aughwick Creek-Juniata River PA N and P 020402030406 Spring Creek PA N and P 020402030702 Lower French Creek PA N and P 020503020703 East Branch Standing Stone Creek PA N and P 020503040802 Little Lost Creek-Lost Creek PA N and P 020503041001 Upper Cocolamus Creek
    [Show full text]