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Orkney & The Pentland Firth Spotlight on

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Ireland & Scotland projects Spotlight on... Orkney/Pentland Firth

www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 05 MARCH/APRIL 2014 | £7.50 Editor’s Welcome

Communication is key Welcome to Wave & Tidal Energy Spotlight on Scotland and Network the very first publication in Ireland both printed and online magazine It is no surprise that we feature both Magazine and website formats which is dedicated solely to Scotland and Ireland within two of our interaction – QR codes the industry and with your help will features within this launch edition. The As with our sister publication Energy serve as a communication hub. areas involved have seen the future Network we have pink and green flashes possibilities and their respective governing indicating more information online. This publication is for the industry and will authorities have set ambitious but be led by the industry – we want to play achievable targets for QR codes have been substituted in the our part in ensuring that this is the best and wave and tidal in particular. printed version which means that you can vehicle of communication for all involved in scan the code with your smart phone and the wave and tidal energy industry. Orkney and the Pentland it will direct you to the micropage of the Firth featured company or organisation held Your contributions will be vital to this The home of the The Highlands & Islands within our website, so that you can learn success so please do not hesitate to get in Enterprise who continually strive to focus much more in all sorts of formats. touch. on the needs of the renewable energy industry. One of the many highlights within These have already become very popular Lead article – Industry this feature is the vast European Marine as they link to both the printed on online Viewpoint Energy Park. magazines in a very interactive way – a Martin McCall CEO at Aquamarine starts great marketing tool for our decision off our launch edition and the first of our Scotland and Ireland making readership to find out about ‘Industry Viewpoint’ features. If you feel projects products and services following the reading you would like to have the opportunity to This features the breadth of projects which of an interesting article. contribute to a future viewpoint please feel are happening in both countries. free to offer your editorial which will be I look forward to working with you in the considered for future editions. Features – get involved weeks and months to come. As the magazine grows so will the individual features on all sorts of areas within the industry.

These features will emanate from our discussions with leading experts during our visits to conferences and events, as well as our editorial team bringing up subject areas when looking at the industry as a whole.

Please feel free to contact us if there is any subject area which you think may be of interest to our readership and we will do the rest – there is never any charge for Duncan McGilvray - Editor genuine editorial. Wave & Tidal Energy Network

You will find our ‘Forthcoming Features’ tab on our website in the magazine section.

www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 01 WAVE & TIDAL ENERGY NETWORK CONTENTS contents 4 Industry Viewpoint 32 Catapult

6 Founding Partners information 34 Underwater Acoustics

8 Pelamis Interview 38 Seatricity

12 Orkney Spotlight 40 Alstom

20 Narec 42 Industry Overview – Royal HaskoningDVH

22 Ireland and Scotland projects 44 Industry Update

30 DP Energy Highlands & Islands Enterprise Green Energy Publishing Ltd Green Energy Publishing Ltd T 01765 644224 The cover image was supplied by (Northern) (SOUTHERN) W www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk the Highlands & Islands Enterprise Founding Partners The Oaks, Oakwood Park Business Centre, OrbisEnergy, Wilde Street, E [email protected] sponsors of our Spotlight on Without the help and support of our ‘Founding Partners’, with whom we have a very Bishop Thornton, Harrogate Lowestoft, Suffolk E [email protected] Orkney and the Pentland Firth. special relationship, we would not have been able to launch this first edition. If you are North Yorkshire HG3 3BF NR32 1XH interested in becoming a founding partner please have a look at the various pages within Scotland and Ireland the magazine regarding the ‘Founding Partners’ and get in touch as there may still be projects feature places available. Both countries would appear to have taken the lead in the industry regarding Duncan McGilvray Wave & Tidal Energy Network magazine is happy to accept unsolicited contributions for consideration. Editorial opinions expressed renewable energy and it should be no Editor in this magazine are not necessarily those of Green Energy Publishing Ltd and the company does not accept responsibility for advertising content. The publishers cannot accept any responsibility for omissions or errors. The contents of this magazine are fully surprise that we have focused on the Wave & Tidal Energy Network protected by copyright and may not be reproduced without written permission. breadth of projects involved.

PAGE 02 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 03 INDUSTRY VIEWPOINT INDUSTRY VIEWPOINT

Experience This is a big mistake. We must embrace Government support The learning from the past years has and share our failures - each failure is a Private sector investment alone cannot provided a much clearer picture of the learning opportunity. When speaking of his fund this industry at this stage and we are Industry viewpoint technology challenge. Experience has frustration in getting the incandescent light very fortunate that both UK and Scottish shown us that wave machines have to bulb to work reliably, it was Thomas Edison governments remain committed to the There are a number of companies which have been working in the industry for some time so we thought we should give be incredibly robust if they are to survive who said: “I have not failed, I have just sector. New thinking on how to fund the our readers the views of one of the leaders in the field – if you would like to get involved and give your views please do not and operate reliably in our energetic . found 1000 ways that won’t work.” We industry is required and this may include hesitate to get in touch. Subsystems and components designed must learn, we must design out the failure introducing industry-wide technology for the oil and gas sector sometimes just and we must get on with learning more. programmes as well as company-specific Aquamarine’s CEO Martin Long term investment A better understanding do not do the job: cylinder modules fail, The worst thing we can do is waste investor grants. McAdam explains… At Aquamarine Power, we employ 50 In the early days of the industry we have accumulators corrode and non-return cash on solving problems already solved Aquamarine Power is just over nine years people in high quality, permanent skilled been over-optimistic – this optimism was valves fall apart. Aquamarine Power has by others. Investors should cherish those Exciting times old and I joined the company almost six posts in our office in Edinburgh, our fuelled by a lack of information. Now, as an shown leadership by discussing openly companies that are willing and open to These are exciting times for the wave years ago. When we started out on this research facility at Queen’s University industry, we are more mature. Today we what has not worked on Oyster. co-operation and collaboration. energy sector. Other countries, notably journey I guess we all believed that we Belfast and our operations base in Orkney. have much more real data on the Ireland and Chile, are learning from the would be there by now! Our business has raised more than £60 environment, the limitations of some of Communicating ideas and ‘Scottish model’ to put in place their own million private investment, leveraged by the technologies available to us, the cost embracing/sharing failures policies in support of wave energy. New The initial exuberance and excitement around £12 million of public support and and performance of machines, a better Up to now industry participants have markets, like new technologies, take years at creating a new technology to extract boasts SSE and international power firm understanding of grid and consenting closely guarded their intellectual property to develop - and as long as we stay the electricity from ocean waves then subsided. ABB as major shareholders. timelines and a realistic view of the finance and have hidden their failures for course in the UK, we can look forward to It was replaced by a reality that this required. This means all sides of the debate fear of being ridiculed or for fear of substantial global markets for our maturing challenge is bigger, more difficult, more Project realities – the public sector, industrial investors and frightening investors. wave technologies in the years ahead. expensive and will take longer than we We have consented the world’s first ever technology developers – have a much more originally thought. wave farm, in Lewis, with the potential to grounded view of how our industry will Martin McAdam generate hundreds of local jobs and have develop and grow. CEO Predictions installed and operated two full scale Oyster Aquamarine Power At that time we as a company and as an machines at the European industry, were confidently predicting the Centre in Orkney. Our flagship Oyster first working wave farms in our by 800 has produced significant amounts about now. But as we can see, although of electrical power and has proved its the first tidal farms are now on the near survivability through three full winters and horizon, the first successful wave arrays are withstood storms with waves in excess of still a few years off. eight metres.

Opportunity Industry needs Untapped ocean waves represent a huge A successful industry requires several opportunity. This technology will be mature technologies, a willing customer developed and the world will embrace the base and a healthy supply chain. The technology in the same was as we saw gas industry needs to be developed within and wind being embraced in our energy mix. a policy framework that gives investors confidence to invest in developing the We may not be there yet but the UK’s wave technology, gives customers the confidence energy industry is already a tremendous to buy the technology and provides an success. In Orkney, one of the most remote economic return in terms of jobs and communities in Europe, more than 200 community benefits. people already work in the wave and tidal sector. Aquamarine Power has already The UK and Scotland in particular has given spent more than £6 million in the local this industry a tremendous start. The grant economy, working alongside more than 40 framework, a feed in tariff under EMR and local firms. proposals to further develop the grid are all steps to creating the industry. Some work done but much more to do.

PAGE 04 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 05 ABOUT US WAVE & TIDAL energy network Founding Partners

forthcoming Wave & Tidal features Founding Energy Network magazine Partners

From an editorial standpoint we are different we need advice and assistance in making sure that the publication is both successful and worthwhile to the industry Those of you who may also be working in the wind energy industry, will be familiar with our other magazine, moving forward and this is a Wind Energy Network and know how we operate. For those who are not familiar with Green Energy Publishing, very involved way of ensuring our parent company, this is how we work, which sets us apart from other publications: we communicate effectively May/Jun 2014 across the whole industry. Our magazines, both online and in print are here to offer a vital communication tool for the industry – for the entire supply chain. We want Issue 2 you to be proactively involved: It is your magazine for your industry editorial deadline 5th April We have a number of ‘Founding Partners’ who have signed up to support Unique Magazine If you have a story which could be included How we are funded 1 News & Events - sponsored by Smartbay our new publication Wave & Tidal • The magazine is interactive in one of the features we will be running, we are funded in a very different way to 2 Company Profile – W&TEN founding Sept/Oct 2014 Energy Network. Their role is to help, • The magazine does not charge for or in the News section (Industry Update), most publications. partner – Exxon Mobil Issue 4 advise and direct our publication. editorial. Ever. please send it to us for inclusion. 3 Legal Eagles editorial deadline 5th • This is the first printed magazine Funding is by a mix of … 4 Problem? – Solved! August In exchange they receive a great dedicated 100% to your industry In this way we believe our readers • Website tools which help the supply 5 Research & Development package of profiling in both the appreciate decent relevant editorial content chain promote their products and 6 Innovations 1 News & Events magazine and website. Encourage you to contribute and not simply a book full of adverts. services across all tiers (micro-website 7 Training 2 Company Profile – W&TEN founding We actively encourage involvement pages) 8 Insurance partner – HR Wallingford There are a couple of spaces remaining editorially in the magazine. Editorial is Interactive features • Sponsorships of various industry 9 Surveying: Feasibility Studies 3 Legal Eagles – if you would like to get involved please always free to contribute and, importantly, Throughout the magazine you will see editorial features 10 Spotlight on: 4 Problem? – Solved! contact Rosie, our Commercial Director there are no conditions linked to coloured links at the end of features. • Limited advertising 11 Financing Projects 5 Research & Development on [email protected] advertising. If you click/scan them you will see 12 Site Management 6 Innovations Or call on 01765 644224. additional supporting information which Subscription 13 Cable Laying & Protection 7 Training We are simply looking for the best and will enhance the article you are reading Our readership is by subscription and if any 8 Surveying Duncan McGilvray most interesting stories to bring to our Green ones will play a video, pink ones will of your colleagues would like to receive a 9 Spotlight on: Wales Editor readership of senior decision makers in the open a micro page full of interesting and copy, please let us know and we will be Jul/Aug 2014 10 Planning Consents Wave & Tidal Energy Network Wave & Tidal Energy industry. relevant information. glad to include them. Contact us: Issue 3 11 Gears [email protected] editorial deadline 5th June

1 News & Events - sponsored Nov/Dec 2014 by Exxon Mobil Issue 5 2 Company Profile – W&TEN editorial deadline 5th founding partner - Smartbay October 3 Legal Eagles 4 Problem? – Solved! 1 News & Events 5 Research & Development 2 Company Profile – W&TEN 6 Oils and Lubricants founding partner 7 Innovations 3 Legal Eagles 8 Training 4 Problem? – Solved! 9 Surveying 5 Research & Development 10 Spotlight on: The Netherlands 6 Innovations 11 Impact of Electricity Market Reform 7 Training 12 Grid Connections 8 Surveying Click on the logos 13 Community Engagement 9 Spotlight on: The Humber to see more information.

PAGE 06 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 07 OUT & ABOUT INTERVIEW INTERVIEW OUT & ABOUT

As we launch our sister publication Wave & Guided by his parents to pursue his Wave energy had returned to being a Tidal Energy Network it seems only fitting vocation, he successfully acquired backwater academic curiosity with little or that we find out more about this innovative sponsorship from the RAF to attend no commercial interest.... but enter Richard Pelamis company, a 16 year journey which has Edinburgh University to study mechanical Yemm and his dedicated team! certainly seen peaks and troughs but with engineering, attaining a ‘permanent vision and tenacity has proved to be a commission’ in the RAF at the tender age Epiphany Moment world first. of 17. Richard recounts his feeling of utter awe when he opened the door of Salter’s I caught up with Richard betwixt Professor Stephen Salter laboratory to be met with a huge riding on conferences to find out more about his It was in his final year of study having swimming pool, model boat and an story.... to present his thesis, Richard’s interest extraordinary wave simulator – it was one in wave power was piqued by Stephen of those life-changing experiences that we Man of the to Aspiring Salter, the 1970s inventor of the Salter’s could call an ‘epiphany’! the crest! Fighter Pilot Duck (also known as the nodding duck Thomas Edison was interviewed by a young reporter whom boldly asked Mr Richard believes he has ‘salt in or more officially the Edinburgh Duck). His thirst for knowledge within this field Edison if he felt it would be advisable to just give up now? With a perplexed his veins’ and has always had a close The Duck was one of the very first wave was whetted and he continued his final tone Edison replied “young man, why would I feel like a failure? And why would connection with the sea through a lifetime energy concepts and had been conceived year testing sailing boat hulls in Salter’s tank I ever give up? I now know definitively over 9000 ways that an electric light sailing. However, living near RAF Leuchars and developed in response to the 1970’s to attain a PhD in 1993. bulb will not work, success is almost in my grasp!” Shortly after that and over his calling as a child was to become a oil price crisis, but development ceased 10,000 attempts Edison invented the light bulb!!! Bear with me on this one...this fighter pilot, as he watched the Phantom when North Sea oil opened up and the UK analogy can be likened certainly to my next interviewee Richard Yemm, Inventor jets flying overhead he dreamt of one day Government turned away from alternative extraordinaire and Chief Executive of Pelamis Wave Power. piloting one... and so his journey began. energy sources such as wave power.

PAGE 08 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 09 OUT & ABOUT INTERVIEW INTERVIEW OUT & ABOUT

Pelamis Wave Power Factoid All revenues from increasing work in the I was fascinated to learn the origin behind Wind Energy wind sector were ploughed back into Richard says that the Orkney Islands are the the naming of the company... Richard 3 Words Richard completed his degree and for 6 towards developing the new Pelamis ideal location for the centre an open aspect explained that in the early days of the When asked how Richard would describe years worked as a self-employed design technology, After an intensive period of to Atlantic waves in close proximity to The two machines have produced company he was interviewed by an himself, determined, innovative and engineer, including a series of major initial research, Pelamis Wave Power was , one of Europe’s finest natural almost 200MWh of energy so far during eminent Times journalist who visited and passionate about his industry. I concur and projects in the emerging wind energy formally founded in 1998. The company harbours. With a long history of making a testing – as Richard puts it “that’s just the was given a demonstration. Within the would add to that! sector, working to solve vibration problems grew and gathered momentum through livelihood from the sea, this development beginning”. The team is now working article the journalist suggested the system on large turbines. However, wave energy securing its first major external Venture was wholeheartedly welcomed by the towards delivering the first stage of a should be named Whiplash! His enthusiasm, foresight and sheer dogged was still on his . Capital investment in 2002 - this matched entrepreneurial Orkney community. commercial scale wave array in over the tenacity have and will continue to reap the with a dedicated team of colleagues and next few years, and through this the birth This was not quite the image they were rewards. I would also add he has modesty In the late 90’s the Scottish Government a generous dose of ‘serendipity’ along the This testing facility has allowed Pelamis to of a new industry. wishing to portray so Richard and his team in bucket-loads, having been awarded the was becoming interested in the power of way set them on the path to deliver a world develop and test prototypes over the last put their heads together to think of a Saltire Prize Medal recognising his and his the waves again and offered a commercial first! few years. The first of these delivered the The Future more appropriate one – something marine team’s outstanding contributions to the tariff in the sector. This was the signal World’s first power from offshore waves to Successful delivery of the first arrays will biologically suitable: clam? limpet? As the development of wave/tidal generation, Yemm had been waiting for to take European Marine Energy an onshore grid, a true ‘Edison’ moment for pave the way for large deployments in the apparatus has the action of a snake Pelamis which is almost a nod to Stephen Salter, the sector from a research interest to a Centre the whole sector. Since then the technology future. The next step is to seek an industrial was born (without the Platuras!). who was awarded an MBE in 2004. We commercial opportunity – and ‘Pelamis’ was 2003 saw the gearing up of the European has been progressively refined and as we partner to bring in complementary skills, look forward to following his and the teams born. Marine Energy Centre for wave and speak two Pelamis P2 machines are on test capacity and resources as the project successes in future. in Orkney, with unparalleled in the turbulent Atlantic seas! gathers momentum. capabilities and facilities. Fliss Chaffer Wave & Tidal Energy Network

Richard Yemm Pelamis Wave Power

PAGE 10 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 11 Spotlight on Orkney & The Pentland Firth Orkney & The Pentland Firth Spotlight on

A pivotal year for marine energy 2014 will be a pivotal year for the wave and tidal industry.

This is a phrase we have heard before, or something similar – but there is no doubt in my mind that the coming 12 months will be critical in the development of this Spotlight on exciting sector. 2013 progress 2013 saw some quite remarkable progress – 11 devices undergoing testing at the European Marine Energy Centre in Orkney, five tidal devices using the new quayside Orkney & at Hatston Pier, the world’s first fully consented wave farm in the Western Isles, and the world’s largest consented tidal project in the Pentland Firth. Pentland Firth At the same time, all of the public sector Exciting but challenging We welcome the Highlands and Islands Enterprise as our sponsor Calum Davidson, Director agencies with a stake in the industry It is an exciting landscape, but there are of the first spotlight feature in the launch magazine. of Energy, Highlands and have helped put the appropriate policy considerable challenges ahead, and in Islands Enterprise ADVISES support in place – capital grants to tidal 2014 I believe we must tackle the major Elsewhere within this edition you will find interesting editorial how exciting 2014 and projects through the UK Marine Energy ones – technology, finance and grid – from all parts of the UK (Europe and the world to follow in future beyond will be. Array Demonstrator scheme and for wave head on. editions) regarding the wave and tidal industry however Orkney & technologies through the Scottish Marine Pentland Forth lead the way. Energy Commercialisation Fund; further With technology, we have begun to see financial support from the Crown Estate major progress in the tidal sector, with a and the Renewable Energies Investment number of developers beginning to rack Fund; a new leasing round from the Crown up megawatt hours on the meter. This is Estate and a positive £305 MWh tariff, immensely positive, and gives confidence which we hope will be ring-fenced for the to the large industrial investors this first 100MW of development in the coming industry needs. For wave, the picture years. is less clear. Flagship technologies have shown they can generate power, but reliability is a major hurdle and we need to find ways to help them, and other less mature technologies, design, build and test machines in the most effective way possible.

PAGE 12 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 13 Spotlight on Orkney & The Pentland Firth Orkney & The Pentland Firth Spotlight on

Finance – technology The time is now Sample Heading deSamplevelopment Heading So, it has taken a long time to get to where In parallel, we must continue to support we are today, and now is the time where technology development, for both wave real resolve is required. I think the UK has, Sedand vitaetidal sectors.adipiscing Building leo. Curabitur any device velit which magna.Finance Nunc – caelit pnisi,ital lobortis inv enecst aliquetment in the past, had a tendency to lose heart in Finance – project investment nulla,can operate dignissim reliably sed nuncin our et, wild consectetur seas is a eu,Persuading porta eu private tellus. capitalDonec toid investrhoncus est, the face of new industrial challenges and to Finance will be key. On the tidal side, the first MEAD-funded tidal arrays in Wales and Islay portacostly ipsum.business. The sheer density of the necsignificant aliquet nunc.sums, at risk, is a tough ask, and scale back from sunrise industries just at the must be able to attract significant project investment, and this will rely as much on the power source means that machines, by as a public agency we need to think hard point when other nations decide to step in. long-term signals provided by government as the progress of the technologies themselves. Lotheirrem nature, ips mustum bedo biglo andr robust and Companyhow we can Detailsleverage our limited budgets Big investors with deep pockets need confidence there will be a supportive tariff regime not Namany testing eu elit programmesante. Nullam requirespurus tellus, many to best help investors and the industry as a The wind industry is one obvious example. just in the EMR delivery period, but to 2020 and beyond. rhoncusmillions ofsed investment. dui vel, hendrerit tincidunt whole. We all know that British firms pioneered the early technologies and I can personally This might involve radical new approaches recall passing Howden’s yard in Glasgow’s – perhaps funding industry-wide Scotland Street on my daily route to college for power take off systems, and and seeing early turbines being built for cylinder seals, for example, could help export to California. Calum Davidson, Director of Energy, a number of technologies make better Highlands and progress. And are there ways we can help These were exciting times, when the UK Islands Enterprise or persuade our oil and gas industry – a had a real technology lead. Other countries, vast, hugely successful global industry notably Denmark, sensed this potential and headquartered here in Scotland – to put in place a very favourable early tariff become involved? Can we, for instance, and grid regime which made their country help turn our supply chain into partners a more attractive early market than the UK, rather than just suppliers? and the rest as they say is history.

Grid connections Realising potential Thirdly, we need to address the lack of grid I think we have learned from this, and connections to our Scottish islands. Again, have clear sight not only of the challenges tremendous progress has been made facing the wave and tidal sector, but of and we welcome the special support for the potential we hold. The next-generation onshore wind announced by UK Energy nations, all now keen to build test centres Minister Ed Davey, but we still need to and put supportive policies in place, have ensure that island links are built and that had their appetite’s whetted by our success support, not just for transmission charges and will, with a fair wind, be target markets but for the significant securities and in the decades ahead. liabilities, is in place. We have the possibility to shape these new European Marine Energy markets, and build an industry on our own Centre (EMEC) terms. It will not, as I said, be easy, but It is now more than 15 years since the idea the marine energy industry has, and will of EMEC was formed, and it has been the continue to have, the unequivocal support of spark which has catalysed our new industry. the Scottish Government and its agencies as EMEC has itself become a local and global it continues to develop and grow. success, supporting over 200 jobs in a remote community, and helping build It is this kind of support which has enabled political will and enthusiasm around the us to get so far, and will catalyse the next world, with test centres in development in exciting phase of our industry’s journey. potential new markets such as Chile, Japan and Singapore. Calum Davidson Director of Energy Highlands and Islands Enterprise

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PAGE 14 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 15 Spotlight on Orkney & The Pentland Firth Orkney & The Pentland Firth Spotlight on

Ten years on from EMEC’s creation, Opportunities Investment The European Marine Energy Centre there’s a palpable buzz around the marine Whilst an incredible critical mass of activity Significant infrastructure investments energy sector in Orkney, with a sense that is already taking place in and around have also been made with Orkney Islands Even on an otherwise calm summer’s day, the Fall of Warness in Orkney is in constant motion. It surges, boils significant progress is now, finally, being the EMEC test sites, the Centre is by no Council nearing completion of a major and swirls, its restlessness the result of topography that squeezes the ocean between the islands of Eday made with EMEC attracting developers means full. Test berths are available at harbours development programme to and Muckle Green Holm into a fiercesome eight-knot . from around the globe to prove what is both the smaller scale and full scale test support marine renewables. The scheme achievable in some of the harshest marine sites, so there are always opportunities for has seen the creation of Scotland’s longest Test berths Unrivalled levels of activity Easing the path to market environments. new organisations to join EMEC’s testing deep-water berth at Hatston, near Kirkwall, Invisible from the surface are test berths Now, ten years after EMEC was established In addition to its full-scale test berths, and research activities – fundamentally and the expansion of harbour facilities at suitable for testing tidal energy generators. in a public sector leap of faith involving EMEC has worked hard to ease the path to Current projects ‘learning by doing’. Learning which Lyness on the island of Hoy. Work is also Each berth is connected to the national grid Highlands and Islands Enterprise, market for marine renewable developers by At EMEC’s wave test site, Pelamis Wave extends from installation methods to well underway on a new pier at Copland’s via subsea cables and a substation on the Scottish Enterprise, the Scottish and UK building two scale test sites. Power and ScottishPower Renewables electrical connections via marine safety Dock in Stromness, aimed squarely at nearby island of Eday. This tidal test site is governments, Orkney Islands Council, the continue to test their P2 machines – and component testing – for any offshore developers using EMEC’s Billia Croo wave operated by The European Marine Energy European Union and the Carbon Trust, These facilities allow developers to test descendants of the world’s first offshore engineering there is no substitute for real test site. Centre (EMEC): the world’s leading testing Orkney is witnessing unrivalled levels of smaller scale devices, techniques and wave energy converter to generate sea experience, and still many solutions to facility for wave and tidal energy converters. marine energy activity, with more devices components in less challenging conditions electricity to a national grid back in 2004. be found. Given this unprecedented activity, Orkney being tested in the islands than at any other than those found at the full-scale test Finnish Wello Oy and Edinburgh based truly is the home of marine renewable Billia Croo location on the planet. sites, closing the gap between testing in a Aquamarine Power are also racking up Embracing the marine energy energy. A similar facility for testing wave energy wave or tidal tank and bringing full scale experience in testing their devices in Billia sector generators exists at Billia Croo, on the west Accredited wave and tidal prototypes to trial in real sea conditions. Croo’s relentless waves. With four wave and five tidal full-scale The European Marine Energy coast of the Orkney mainland. Open to the test centre – a global first devices currently in Orkney there is more Centre full of the Atlantic Ocean, with waves Based in the town of Stromness on Consultancy and research At the Fall of Warness, OpenHydro, an Irish marine energy activity here than at any as high as 19 metres recorded, the test Orkney’s west mainland, EMEC is the only Beyond device testing, the 25-strong tidal developer, became the first to feed other location on the planet. It’s no surprise site has some of the highest wave energy accredited wave and tidal test centre for team at EMEC provide a range of tidal energy into the UK grid in 2008, and then to find the entrepreneurially minded potential in Europe. marine renewable energy in the world, consultancy and research services and are are now testing their 7th generation turbine and resourceful Orcadian community suitable for testing a number of full-scale at the forefront in the development of at EMEC. French developer Alstom has embracing the marine energy sector, with Spend half an hour rocking and rolling in wave and tidal devices simultaneously international standards for marine energy. recently deployed their second generation a host of local support services springing a boat over the Fall of Warness, or stand while producing electricity to the national 1MW turbine at the test site, alongside up to support the burgeoning industry. onshore at Billia Croo during the full grid through the company’s infrastructure. With their expertise much in demand from Austrian/Norwegian developer ANDRITZ Recent estimates put the number of marine force of a winter storm, and it’s blatantly Operating to relevant test laboratory emerging test sites around the world, Hydro Hammerfest and Orkney-based renewables related jobs in the island at 250, obvious why Orkney was chosen as the standards (ISO17025), the Centre provides the Centre set up a global ocean energy Scotrenewables who are well underway in in sectors ranging from manufacturing to location for a marine energy test centre. independently verified performance reports symposium in 2013 to create a network of testing prototype tidal energy devices since consultancy. If devices can operate here, and survive to its clients. real-sea test and demonstration facilities, trials began in 2011. the monumentally harsh conditions, they having already forged alliances with various should work anywhere in the world. countries around the world including New on the scene is Voith from Germany Canada, China, Japan, Singapore, South who are working on installing their tidal Korea, Taiwan and the USA. turbine in 2014.

PAGE 16 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 17 Spotlight on Orkney & The Pentland Firth Orkney & The Pentland Firth Spotlight on

Testing Highlights The P2 machines have now experienced around 90% of occurrences for an average year, including significant wave Outcomes heights of up to 5mHs, and individual Proven capability The learnings from this P2 demonstration waves of over 9m. This broad range of data The proven average output capability of programme will inform larger projects from real sea testing is invaluable for the the device, over the annual spectrum of under development in Scottish waters, on-going development of the technology, wave conditions at the EMEC site, is now as well as the technical optimisation of Demonstration Programme allowing focused design and innovation close to 100kW. Demonstrations of further Pelamis technology in order to enhance for future enhancements of the Pelamis improvements are anticipated through performance and decrease the cost of machine. These enhancements are vital control optimisation which could double energy from commercial scale wave power. to ensure that the costs of generating that number as targeted for the next stage EMEC, Orkney electricity from wave power continue to of the project. Pelamis Wave Power fall, in order to become cost competitive The P2 test programme involves the deployment of two E.ON and ScottishPower with other sources of offshore renewable ‘Plug & play’ system Pelamis P2 machines at the European Marine Energy Centre Renewables energy. Pelamis’ patented ‘plug & play’ system for (EMEC) off the west coast of the Orkney mainland These machines were built for utility the safe and rapid installation and removal customers, E.ON and ScottishPower The combined P2 test programme has now of the machines in water has proved its Renewables. The P2-001 built for E.ON was accumulated over 8500 grid connected strength and allowed for the towing and The P2 machine is an innovative second the first wave machine to be sold to a utility operating hours, and exported almost installation to be routinely conducted in generation design of Pelamis wave energy for operation in the UK, and underwent 190MWh of electricity to the national wave heights of up to 2.5 metres as well converters. Two P2 machines have been a three year test programme before grid. These are encouraging figures for as in darkness. This unique feature of deployed offshore at EMEC’s Billia Croo ownership of the machine transferred to this stage of the testing programme and the Pelamis P2 machine greatly expands test site and are now being operated and Pelamis Wave Power. This machine will now it is anticipated that generated powers the opportunities for operations and safe P2maintained as a wave farm, generating inform ongoing research and development, will continue to rise as the programme intervention, as it allows for flexible, round- electricity to the grid during installation testing numerous technology innovations develops. These P2 operating hours bring the-clock operations, which is particularly periods. in order to optimise Pelamis technology for the cumulative total for Pelamis technology important in the waters to the north of commercial scale deployment. up to well over 10,000 grid connected Scotland and over the winter months. operating hours, demonstrating both the The ScottishPower Renewables owned extensive experience of the Pelamis team Pelamis machine, P2-002, was first and the wealth of learning delivered by the installed in May 2012 and it is anticipated P2 testing programme specifically. that the machine will continue its testing programme until 2015. The machine is being introduced to progressively more energetic sea states over time in order to test its performance in different conditions. The experience gained from this project will play a vital role in ScottishPower Renewables’ plans to deploy a commercial scale wave farm off Marwick Head in Orkney, for which an agreement for lease has been awarded by the Crown Estate for up to 50MW capacity.

PAGE 18 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 19 INDUSTRY PROFILE Narec Narec INDUSTRY PROFILE

Matthew Reed, Engineering Director, MCT: “The Narec facility provides us with 3MW drive the opportunity to perform extensive Dock 1 train test characterisation and endurance testing The smallest of the three docks and facility of our latest tidal turbine powertrains Streams Ahead contains a 50m long wave flume, for the In 2012 Narec allowing us to fully load the powertrain testing of scaled prototypes. At 7m deep opened a new for prolonged periods of time, both With more wave and tidal stream devices installed in the UK than the rest of the the flume is deeper than most facilities 3MW drive train in terms of rotor power (torque and world and an abundance of marine energy resource, the National Renewable in Europe and can produce a range of test facility for speed) but also the spectrum of rotor Energy Centre (Narec) has over the past ten years played a pioneering role in different waves and sea states with waves the testing of thrust loads. The versatility of the Narec developing and commercialising the industry. up to 1.2m high. tidal turbine drive facility also allows our complete grid trains. Following connection system to be included in the Narec’s marine and subsea testing the facility’s test, enabling us to prove the quality facilities coupled with their research and successful of the design prior to deployment in development expertise has been key to the turbine arrays.” industry overcoming demanding technical and environmental challenges and helping The drivetrain is also capable of testing the sector to achieve its current successes. individual components as well as the whole system and has attracted interest from Focus Dock 2 bearing and gearbox manufacturers. With greater focus on proving technology, Has an artificial seabed, speeding up the development process and made of clay and sand, UKAS accreditation reducing costs before devices are installed characteristic of North Sea At present, subsea power cables and offshore, Narec’s controlled environment seabed conditions which has supporting infrastructure are major for accelerated life testing and proof of played an instrumental role elements required for the development concept trials have attracted a number in the testing and trialling of the offshore industry, especially in the of device developers at various stages of of cable protection systems wave and tidal industry where they are development; helping to move technologies and novel cutting devices for exposed to harsh, dynamic environments. forward and bring innovative technologies trenching equipment. Improving their performance and reliability to market much quicker. commissioning with the Atlantis Resources is, therefore, a key factor in helping to Dock 3 Corporation AR1000 turbine, Siemens- lower the cost of offshore renewable Location Used as a large still water tank, allowing owned (MCT) energy. Narec’s UKAS accredited electrical Situated on the river Blyth in for the submerged testing of ROVs, is the second client to utilise the facility and materials laboratories have worked Northumberland at the site where the tether management systems and subsea and is currently undertaking a six month on a number of cabling projects, certifying world’s first dedicated aircraft carrier HMS foundation structures. testing programme on the first of their new cables and subsea connector designs, Ark Royal was built, Narec has adapted 1MW powertrain units developed for the developing power take-off systems for the three dry dock facilities to create a Research & Development SeaGen-S 2MW device. The first of these wave devices and carrying out failure controlled onshore environment to perform Narec also continues to develop a strong tidal stream turbines will be deployed analysis investigations. The lab also prototype development, equipment trials, R&D track record, initiating and delivering for commercial operation by 2015 at the conducts type testing of medium-high prove installation techniques, performance a number of National and European Skerries Tidal Stream Array off the north- voltage cables, cable joint integrity tests, verification and witness tests for the collaborative marine energy research west coast of Anglesey in North Wales. salt corrosion analysis and materials and offshore energy sector. projects, such as, predictive maintenance coatings selection. condition monitoring systems, the design Key tests Controlled environment and development of smart cable technology One of the key tests which the facility is Confidence and reassurance All of the docks offer Engineering, to improve the real-time understanding able to perform is accelerated lifetime Testing and innovation development Procurement and Construction (EPC) and performance, as well as, a purpose testing, vital to understanding the provides the industry with confidence contractors a real-life playground to trial built inter-array cable trencher designed performance of the device during its and reassurance, Narec is key to ensuring their new technologies in a controlled specifically for the offshore renewables operational lifetime. project developments progress and environment, such as, novel pipeline and market. continue as planned, helping to encourage cable infrastructure installations, helping to The rig will replicate the environmental further investment and the wider supply reduce the risk of failure offshore. and loads experienced on the turbine chain to make the transition into the marine within a typical tidal stream such as those renewables industry. off the north-west coast of Wales. Narec

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SmartBay manages Ireland’s national test and demonstration platform for the development of innovative products and services for the global maritime sector. This facility supports the collection of marine data for the national and international R&D communities and the trial, demonstration and validation of novel marine sensors and equipment.

They provide communications, marine, information and technology services to various sectors including; ocean energy, Ireland’s shipping and security, aquaculture and National environmental monitoring. Marine Test & Demonstration Facility

PAGE 22 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 23 FEATURE Ireland & Scotland projects Ireland & Scotland projects FEATURE

Dedicated team Galway Bay (¼ Scale) Test Site The sub-sea cabled observatory includes; SmartBay has a dedicated team of The Galway Bay test site is an ideal base fibre optic data and 400v power cable, scientists, mechanical, electronic and Facilities for ¼ scale wave and wind energy devices high speed communications via 10 pairs communications engineers and software Ireland’s national test site is ideally located as it provides an excellent oceanic wave of optical fibres and a sub-sea cabled Support developers, supported by experienced within the confines of Galway Bay. regime, sheltered harbour facilities and the The buoys can host a variety of sensor platform which will host of variety SmartBay Ireland supports the testing and marketing and business development Sheltered from the high-energy seas of renewable, maritime and environmental communications protocols including; GPRS, of sensors and equipment which can be validation of novel sensors and equipment professionals with extensive marine industry the Atlantic by the Aran Islands to the expertise that exists within the area. Satellite, VHF, Wimax, GSM, 3G, Wi-Fi. tested and demonstrated in near real-time. for its clients and provides platforms knowledge and experience. West, the hills of Co. Clare to the South The ¼ scale test site allows smaller scale The buoys have a high performance / low and sub-sea facilities for the test and and surrounded by Co. Galway to the devices, or those at an earlier stage in power data acquisition and transmission The cabled observatory will include a range demonstration of new technology and This combination of skills allows them North and East. The test site is located their development, to gain sea experience system and a large power capacity for of ‘off-the-shelf’ sensors and equipment solutions. Clients can access their cyber to offer its users an end-to-end service approximately 4.5km’s East of Spiddal; in less challenging conditions than those hosting multiple sensors. SmartBay buoys including; a CTD, ADCP, , environment to validate new solutions for from initial product conception to approximately 1.5km’s offshore with a experienced at the full-scale wave and tidal are of robust construction and have a high HDTV and Nutrient Monitoring sensors. marine and related sectors. commercialisation. water depth of 23m. test sites. stability in operation. Dedicated ports will be allocated for the

Services They also offer a complete range of marine Data Delivery Portal Ancillary power and a range of wireless Sub-sea Cabled Observatory testing of prototype sub-sea sensors and The team of marine communication and services to all users of the national marine Providing a real-time data , communications are also available on Science Foundation Ireland has facilitated equipment. electronic technicians allows them to offer test and demonstration facility and their SmartBay’s custom built portal offers; site. Wave energy devices that have been the acquisition and installation of an a range of marine services to all users of the experienced technical team can provide sensor data collection from NMEA successfully deployed at the test-site since underwater cabled observatory which will Horizon 2020 test and demonstration facility. This allows bespoke innovative solutions to the and non-NMEA sensors, tailored data its inception include WaveBob and Ocean run from Spiddal to a distance of 4.5 km SmartBay Ireland as an SME is looking to their clients to focus on device validation unique problems that testing in a marine acquisition timing intervals, customised Energy. east of Spiddal pier, Galway Bay and which collaborate in Horizon 2020 through any and product development. Each project environment presents. data pre-processing, validation and parsing, will be operational by the end of 2014. The marine based or marine section of a call is guided from initial concept through to collection and access to raw and parsed cable will terminate at an underwater node from ICT, software development to marine commercialisation. Marine ICT Services data and access to data in a variety of Infrastructure which will provide power to, and collect trial and demonstration. We are keen to SmartBay provides a real-time data formats. data from, underwater sensors which will talk to potential partners and to acquisition system for transmitting, collecting, Buoy Network be connected to the sub-sea observatory. explore research opportunities parsing and storing data, which is then SmartBay operates a fleet of Mobilis The cable will also be connected to a large from a H2020 perspective. made available on the web. The company DB5800 buoys used for testing a range of power buoy which will be used to feed also offers bespoke data processing and environmental and meteorological sensors. additional power to, and dissipate power SmartBay Ireland presentation solutions to their clients The data generated by these sensors is from, prototype wave energy devices which including; data collection, data management, transferred back to SmartBay headquarters are being tested at the ¼ scale ocean data visualisation, secure access, a range of via a variety of wireless communication energy test site. Click to view more info file formats and test site hindcast datasets options and onto users globally through the (acoustic, , tidal etc.). SmartBay online portal. = Click to view video

PAGE 24 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 25 FEATURE Ireland & Scotland projects Ireland & Scotland projects FEATURE

Collaboration In addition, EERC works closely with QUB Aquamarine power and Wavegen on QUB has been involved in marine energy prototype testing of their wave energy since the 1970s and nine leading devices capture devices and was instrumental in the have been tested and developed at the deployment of Marine Current Turbines’ QUB Environmental Engineering Research SeaGen tidal turbine in Strangford Lough, The Centre Centre (EERC) over the last 10 years. supporting this project with… EnTERNI project CASE has been working with industry to Remit EERC • Tidal resource characterisation determine the most suitable location for a for Advanced CASE has a wide-ranging remit and The EERC has two wave tanks including • Real-time monitoring during tidal turbine commercial demonstration site supports research i.e…. a new, wide facility at Portaferry at the deployment to be based in Northern Ireland through mouth of Strangford Lough. With its cross- • Pre-installation environmental its EnTERNI Project. Initial research and • The grid : Demand Side Management current capability this wave tank will be monitoring development work on the North Coast Sustainable • Energy from biomass valuable in understanding the impact of • Post-installation environmental will focus on areas as diverse as marine CASE, the latest of a series of • Turbines (wind, wave and tidal) arrays on coastal processes. monitoring archaeology, geophysics, flow monitoring Competence Centres funded by Invest a) Innovative site survey and • Turbine performance assessment and the understanding of benthic ecology. Energy Northern Ireland in 2013, is a research characterisation methods organisation which brings together the b) The use of composites and new or Recent research by EERC in conjunction renewable energy expertise of Queen’s hybrid materials with CASE involves a collaboration of The Centre for Advanced (CASE) University Belfast (QUB), University c) Resource modelling and site five companies in the evaluation of the sustainable Energy of Ulster (UU) and the Agri-Food and assessment impact of tidal turbines in a small array. Biosciences Institute (AFBI) to meet the d) Blade, gear box and generator Two Oceanflow 1/10th scale Evopod research needs of industry. innovations devices have been tested in tandem in calm conditions on a local lake and in real sea conditions at Strangford.

PAGE 26 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 27 FEATURE Ireland & Scotland projects Ireland & Scotland projects FEATURE

Facilities Crucially, Belfast Harbour has demonstrated The facilities at Belfast Harbour include to the renewable energy sector, its expertise Research Capability in Wave & Tidal Energy Ireland’s longest deep-water quay, and track record of delivering major port Case study: Stormont Wharf, at over 1km long. It infrastructure projects on budget and Northern Ireland has been a leading Facilities Centre for Advanced has over 40 ha of strategically located within required timescales. These attributes location for research in wave and Much of the research has utilised the first Sustainable Energy (CASE) waterfronting development sites available make it a sought-after port partner for the tidal for over 30 years and has been class facilities at the university. A World Northern Ireland boasts 15 research centres Belfast for large-scale manufacturing and logistics marine renewable energy sector. recognised globally for its expertise. Centre of Excellence for marine energy, it across all areas of renewable energy. One activity for the offshore renewables sector. By 2012, according to figures from has wave tanks located at Portaferry and of the newest is the competence centre – Harbour The port’s main shipping channel provides High profile tidal energy the Global Maritime Alliance, one in Belfast. These provide variable wave and CASE, an industry led research centre which 24x7 access, with a maintained depth of support four marine energy devices had been current generation and speeds and the focuses on a number of different areas Established in 1847, Belfast 9.3m providing access to berths of depths As a result, Belfast Harbour is rapidly tested, manufactured, designed or one located in Portaferry is unique in that it including wave and tidal. Harbour Commissioners is the port up to 11.5m. establishing itself as the leading hub port consulted on in Northern Ireland. tests shallow water depth rather than deep authority in Belfast and operates in the UK for offshore wind and marine water. EnTERNI project the principal maritime gateway on Harland and Wolff renewable Energy Industries with high Queen’s University Belfast Among the ventures they have been the island of Ireland. Covering an One of the largest facilities in the port is profile tidal turbines such as Marine (QUB) involved with so far is the EnTERNI project - area of over 800 hectares it is one operated by the world famous, Harland Current Turbines’ 1.2MW SeaGen and In particular, QUB has a global reputation a proposed tidal array testing facility off the of the UK’s largest ports handling a and Wolff Shipyard. Harland and Wolff’s Scotrenewables SR250 both being assembled for its pioneering work in the research northern coast of Northern Ireland. record 22.9 million tonnes of cargo facilities include extensive dry dock facilities, by Harland and Wolff in Belfast Harbour. and development of marine energy in 2013. with over 100,000m2 of storage areas and technologies. In terms of research and development, it is two permanent heavy lift gantry cranes Future opportunities hard to beat what Northern Ireland has to Commitment each with a lifting capability of up to 800 Future opportunities for Belfast Harbour Professor Trevor Whittaker, who leads a 25 offer. The port has demonstrated its commitment tonnes. include providing facilities for large scale person team, has worked in this area for to the renewable energy sector by developing marine energy device manufacturing and over 30 years. He is one of the industry’s Invest Northern Ireland the UK’s first purpose-built logistics terminal UK’s leading renewable providing the marine logistics base from pioneers, having been involved in the for the offshore wind industry, leased to energy hub which to execute wave and tidal energy design and installation of both DONG Energy and under use for the build Over recent years Belfast Harbour has projects in Northern Ireland’s territorial the UK’s first and second grid- out in the East Irish sea of ScottishPower capitalised on these facilities to become one waters, Scottish territorial waters and connected wave power plants on Renewables’ and DONG Energy’s West of of the UK’s leading renewable energy hubs further afield. the Isle of Islay in Scotland in the Duddon Sands offshore wind farm, which suitable for supporting offshore wind and 1980s and 1990s. began construction in 2013. the wave and tidal energy sector. Belfast Harbour

Experienced team He and his team also designed and tested Oyster I and Oyster II as well as LIMPET wave power devices.

QUB was also the first in the world to undertake an environmental monitoring of a full-scale marine device – research which lasted for over five years. The team also has expertise in prototype development and testing; modelling (physical, environmental and numerical) and concept evaluation.

PAGE 28 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 29 INDUSTRY PROFILE DP ENERGY DP ENERGY INDUSTRY PROFILE

Expansion “DPME’s initial focus is on tidal energy in UK & Irish waters and the Canadian DP Marine Energy (DPME) Maritimes,” said Simon. “We are aiming Following 20 years onshore Cork-based DP Energy founded by to expand DPME’s existing projects Maureen and Simon De Pietro over two which include a 100MW scheme off decades ago has created a new subsidiary, Fair Head, Co Antrim partnered with DPME to develop utility grade and large Belgian offshore specialist DEME megawatt capacity tidal and wave energy Blue Energy. We are also working on projects in key markets worldwide. another 30MW tidal project off West Islay with a view to building a portfolio DP Energy DP Energy director Simon De Pietro says of de-risked, shovel ready, or perhaps DPME is one of a number of renewable bucket ready, projects for a collective energy development companies in the DP portfolio funding round. dips toe into Energy stable. “The first of these projects, West Islay, is likely to receive a Section 36 consent in Consortium summer 2014.” The firm is also leading a consortium which has been awarded a grant of £8 Unique million from the European Commission Simon added that DPME is unique in the Seventh Framework Programme for a tidalOne of Europe’s longest marine field. Explaining;“Whilst the demonstration tidal array on Fair Head established onshore wind farm company is staffed largely by engineers with Siemens MCT and is working towards development specialists is testing and seeks to understand and help a demonstration in the Bay of Fundy the waters for the first time with develop engineering solutions to Nova Scotia in conjunction with Andritz a new set of tidal generation some of the technical challenges it is a Hammerfest. schemes. technology-neutral project developer. “DPME is committed to the marine “The approach is firmly based on the tidal and in-stream current sector fact that the site and project internal and has interest in run of river with rate of return (IRR) comes first and smaller subMW class machines and that technology is simply a means of we also have a developing interest in reaching that IRR. wave albeit recognising the significant technical challenges. “A technology-neutral approach results in a broad Rochdale Envelope “DPME’s aspiration is to be the lead on consenting which means leaning independent tidal energy project towards open rotor, horizontal axis developer in Atlantic Waters (and machines whilst remaining agnostic potentially beyond).” on the support structure - gravity, pin piled, surface piercing, non-surface DP Energy has produced some 215MW piercing or floating. onshore built projects of which 117MW are now consented. “This ensures projects are buildable in the future as the least costs solution develops as the industry matures and DP Energy ensures potential competition in the market.”

Despite remaining technology-neutral, DPME is partnering a project specific basis with credible OEMs and with demonstrated and competent technologies.

PAGE 30 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 31 WAVE VERSUS TIDAL CATAPULT CATAPULT WAVE VERSUS TIDAL

We’ve progressed quickly to testing large scale wave machines, but deploying just one or two of these machines at test World leaders centres like EMEC in Orkney can run to tens Let’s not forget, though, we are the world of millions of pounds. And to fully prove leader in developing wave power, just as new wave technologies, you need to deploy Wave versus Tidal? we used to be a world leader in developing them in arrays large enough to achieve , before insufficient demand and scale and properly assess performance Andrew Jamieson Our seas have room for both investors in the industry saw other countries, capability. This is an important, but even particularly in Scandinavia, overtake us. So more expensive, step. we must act now to ensure this doesn’t happen to the wave power sector, and to Future success Stark choice? ensure that we maximise the social and We need device developers to focus on With marine technology, people often think As an island nation, we have huge wave Fundamental issue Over the last few years, tidal power economic opportunities for the UK. improving the devices themselves, and it’s a stark choice. Is it tidal, or is it wave? resources in the seas surrounding us. One of the fundamental issues facing the development has arguably overtaken wave getting the technology right to convert Provided that wave power technologies offshore renewable energy sector today power development in the UK. There are Making wave commercially wave power into electricity. The Catapult’s I think there is room for both. The science is are sufficiently commercialised, this however is whether continued investment now more, and bigger, tidal prototypes viable role will be to work with them and others, sufficiently developed to show that there is presents huge social and economic in wave power technologies makes in our waters than wave devices because Wave power devices operate in much particularly academia, to focus research potential for extracting energy from waves, advantages for the UK. economic sense. Many stakeholders view the industry has attracted investments more challenging conditions than wind priorities around wider critical path and so we should all – industry, academia wave power as an expensive technology, from some of the industrial manufacturing and tidal turbines, and so more needs components which have less to do with a and government – be working towards this requiring large sums of money to prototype powerhouses, a pattern that is yet to be to be done to the devices themselves to developer’s intellectual property, and more goal, whilst at the same time working hard and commercially test large units. repeated in the wave industry. prove the technology and ensure they are to do with issues around reliability, health to improve the technology of the devices reliable enough to withstand harsh sea and safety, installation methodology, and themselves. This is sometimes seen as a sign that, as far conditions over a number of years. Proving electrical connections. as engineering competence and investor that the energy to ratios delivered The more you can resolve some of the basic confidence is concerned, it’s better to back by wave devices can deliver electricity at Proving viability issues that developers come up against time tidal than wave power. a commercial price that is acceptable to Ultimately, to prove the viability of wave and time again, the less risky and more investors to attract them to the industry. power, we need to see bigger devices in attractive wave projects will become to the water, and more of them. Our aim, as a investors. nation, should be to establish a wave device test array. For all new technologies, this is Andrew Jamieson a necessary step to prove the technology CEO works and is commercially viable. Offshore Renewable Energy Catapult

PAGE 32 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 33 Surveying Underwater ACOUSTICS Underwater ACOUSTICS Surveying

Understanding potential impacts of noise on sensitive species The realistic prediction of the noise propagated from construction of marine renewable devices can be used by the renewable energy industry to understand the potential impacts of noise on sensitive species at their development sites. Moving forward, this will allow project developers to develop effective monitoring and Underpinning mitigation plans for underwater noise as the UK moves towards the first commercial tidal turbine arrays. consent with Performance HAMMER has been extensively tested Partnership and has performed well against existing HR Wallingford and Loughborough models in bench mark tests. In University have worked in partnership 2013 HAMMER was validated using pin- sound validated to develop HAMMER, a cutting edge piling and ambient noise data collected underwater acoustic propagation model from a boat-based hydrophone during the that allows the potential impacts of construction of the SeaGen tidal turbine in noise on the marine environment to be Strangford Lough, Northern Ireland. HAMMER allows underwater noise levels to understood. be mapped modelling Data provided by Marine Current Turbines The need to better understand the impact of noise on the Hydro-Acoustic Model for Ltd, for both discrete and for Ongoing development marine environment is driving regulators to demand more Mitigation and Ecological broadband sound, i.e. several frequencies Development of the HAMMER tool detail during the planning of tidal and wave developments. Response (HAMMER) at one time, was compared to the continues. In particular, research is being HAMMER builds upon established parabolic predicted by HAMMER. carried out that looks into the response of equations to produce three dimensional The high level of accuracy shown (90%) for to noise and is being undertaken as part The Marine Strategy Framework Directive sets out clear sound maps that take into account water all those frequencies tested indicated that of a three year NERC studentship to produce parameters and targets for ‘good environmental status’ that depth, attenuation in seabed sediments, the model provided realistic predictions of data to drive the ecological response model, include noise in the marine environment. and profiles which underwater noise propagation from the pin allowing greater certainty of the ecological affect transmission of sound through water. piling along the measured transects. impacts of underwater noise.

A full assessment of underwater noise Predicting transmission loss HR Wallinford impacts on sensitive marine receptors The modelling tool can be used to predict Founding Partners required updated modelling tools that the transmission loss from a variety of integrate the noise propagation into the noise sources for EIA purposes including Click to view more info actual marine environment. Launched in turbine operation, pile driving, mobile 2012, HAMMER offered this technology vessels (e.g. dredgers), mechanical = Click to view video for the first time, delivering an underwater components of a device and anchor chains. acoustic propagation model combined with Three dimensional sound maps of the both a hydrodynamic model and a species underwater noise levels are produced and behavior model to predict underwater noise can be interpreted in relation to the hearing impacts on marine life. sensitivities of the marine mammals in the area to produce ‘zone of influence’ maps for each species.

PAGE 34 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 35 Surveying Underwater ACOUSTICS Underwater ACOUSTICS Surveying

Successful deployment The project saw a successful deployment of are OK, ‘amber’ means that thresholds Success for Subsea the Kongsberg Passive Acoustic Monitoring are close to being met and ‘red’ indicates System (K-PAMS) to measure underwater Data collection that noise thresholds have been exceeded The company conducted an underwater noise levels within the location, using North Following collection of the data, engineers and that mitigation procedures should be Acoustics Survey at Isle of noise monitoring programme at a location Sea System’s DataFish® buoy. K-PAMS correlated AIS vessel movements with implemented. at the western end of The Solent that has recorded underwater noise continuously specific noise events in the data record. been identified as a Nursery Site earmarked over a 4-day period. The data consisted The DataFish® buoy provides an ideal Nursery site project detail Wight Tidal Energy Site for marine renewables. Located just off of underwater noise levels in the absence platform for such a survey, not only for During the Nursery site project, the K-PAMS Yarmouth, and having a peak tidal stream of any recognisable noise source as well as powering the instruments, but also for hydrophone was installed between the flow rate of 4 knots, the site is regarded noise from passing vessels. transmitting the data in near real time. Datafish® buoy and its mooring and Kongsberg Subsea Environmental Monitoring Group and North Sea Systems as one of the prime locations in the South measured acoustic activity, feeding back have partnered to successfully monitor underwater noise at an Isle of Wight tidal for potential tidal turbine development Monitoring instantly to the data collection point. This renewables energy site. programmes. potential has allowed the Kongsberg Maritime acoustic impact engineers to start building a picture of Establishing baseline marine activity, so the effect on future underwater noise tidal site development can be monitored, levels in this way will and the potential impact on the marine AMBS topside enable renewables environment can be determined. developers to monitor any potential acoustic Fastest-growing services impact of marine portfolio turbines and vessel Peter commented: “The renewables movements on marine sector is one of the fastest-growing life especially , areas of Kongsberg Maritime’s services porpoises and seals. portfolio, and we are pleased to have This work will continue been able to work in partnership with to support renewables North Sea Systems in this project. I am project consenting certain that the data collected during on the Isle of Wight the deployment will be critical to the The Datafish® Nursery site. future development of this key tidal tidal survey device, energy site. manufactured by Peter Ward, Kongsberg North Sea Systems Maritime Product Manager for K-PAMS, Safely and accurately said the fact that DataFish® could be used deployed, recovered and for acoustic monitoring over extended reliably operated periods of three-to-six months, allowed “Lost equipment, failed deployments K-PAMS to be deployed in a wide variety and poor quality data in highly of applications such as acoustic data energetic environments have plagued gathering for marine energy environmental tidal turbine and wave energy impact assessments; shipping noise developers in the marine energy surveys; and during construction projects industry in recent times. In bringing where impact piling or noise can together K-PAMS and DataFish® be problematic. we have created a system that can be safely and accurately Current deployment deployed, recovered and Kongsberg currently have K-PAMS reliably operated.” Peter deployed at an offshore wind farm concluded. development in the North Sea close to the Dutch-German maritime boundary. The Kongsberg Maritime K-PAMS functionality allows the operators to monitor impact noise levels in real Click to view more info time using a simple traffic light system where ‘green’ means that noise levels = Click to view video

PAGE 36 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 37 INDUSTRY PROFILE Seatricity

“We are very excited to be here at the beginning of this final leg in our Oceanus 2 journey!” Extensive joint skills Construction Begins Paul Weston added “We are delighted to start the construction of Seatricity’s Oceanus 2 devices. Upscaled successful Wave Energy device is now underway. “In doing so we are bringing together our extensive knowledge Pioneering wave energy developer Seatricity New Dawn for Wave Energy and fabrication skills at A&P to is celebrating the start of constructing its Peter Mitchell said “The start of Oceanus provide a unique service which clearly new Oceanus 2 device with leading marine 2 production marks what we believe to demonstrates the value of our in-depth fabricator A&P Falmouth following the be a new dawn for wave energy. experience in marine engineering. highly successful testing of its Oceanus 1 prototypes. “Up to now wave devices have “It also demonstrates how important often been overshadowed by other Cornwall is becoming in the supply Seatricity’s MD, Peter Mitchell, joined A&P’s renewables. chain to this relatively young, yet very Renewable Energy Technical Manager, Paul important, new industry of renewable Weston, at A&P’s Falmouth workshops “However, the outstanding results and wave energy.” to toast the first fabrication of this new survivability we have achieved with generation of wave energy devices which our prototypes in very harsh conditions The first Oceanus 2 devices are due in the will soon be undergoing sea trials at at the European Marine Energy water in Spring 2014 at the Wave Hub Cornwall’s Wave Hub. Centre (EMEC) have demonstrated the offshore renewable energy test facility site practicality of our devices making a real ten miles off the coast at Hayle, close to 2 year programme contribution to renewable electricity - A&P’s workshops at Falmouth. Each Oceanus 2 device will have a name not only in the UK, but in many other plate electrical output of 160KW and countries as well. Seatricity Seatricity plans to develop an array of 60 devices over the next two years to produce a full-scale 10MW connected to the UK grid.

Specification Constructed in aluminium and steel, measuring some 11 metres across and weighing more than 8.5 tons, the Oceanus 2 floats on the sea surface using the wave and unique pumping technologies to create a smooth and consistent high flow of water to drive turbine generators.

The device is also capable of creating using the reverse osmosis desalination process - either separately, or at the same time as generating Paul Weston (left) and Peter Mitchell (right), with hull sections ready for electricity - making it a genuinely the first fabrication. unique and vital solution for many markets.

PAGE 38 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 39 INDUSTRY PROFILE Alstom Alstom INDUSTRY PROFILE

MOU Successes such as that have led to Alstom signing and Memorandum of Understanding Features with ScottishPower Renewables to The tidal stream turbine has a number of incorporate Alstom’s tidal power devices into notable features… the Sound of Islay project which will see four of Alstom’s 1 MW tidal devices deployed 1. It is simple and easy to transport. Its The power between the islands of Islay and Jura on the means that it is easily installed west coast of Scotland. and retrieved in a single tidal cycle using small vessels, reducing installation and The Islay programme remains on schedule maintenance costs. of the for the first unit to be deployed in late 2015, with full site deployment during 2016. 2. It has an intelligent nacelle. Thrusters The possibility of taking advantage of the power of the tides has been Operations are planned for 25 years and the rotate the nacelle to reflect the direction something that has excited engineers for decades, if not centuries, but bringing demonstration project is anticipated to be of the , managing ebb and flood that dream to fruition has proved more difficult than anyone has imagined. the launch pad for future larger scale sites tides seamlessly as well as maximising around the Scottish coast. energy production. With the advent of new technologies, many of which come from the wind and hydro sectors, the possibility of harnessing tidal streams is finally coming closer and Alstom is at the forefront of that “We believe the potential for tidal 3. With its efficient blades, turbine blade possibility. power in the UK is huge and with our pitching can be altered to control load turbine, we have the ability to help on the turbine and optimise use of the Dedicated teams our customers make the best of that tidal conditions locally. With dedicated teams in Nantes and Bristol, potential,” said Alstom Ocean Vice- Alstom is developing the next generation of President Rob Stevenson. Tests on the turbine will continue tidal energy technology. throughout 2014, followed by deployment Specifications in the Sound of Islay and then on to Their 1 MW tidal turbine is currently on Alstom’s tidal turbine consists of a three- commercialisation when the dreams test at the European Marine Energy Centre bladed, pitch-controlled rotor, with a of many engineers will finally come to off the coast of Orkney. Late last year it diameter measuring 18 metres, a standard fulfilment. reached the impressive milestone of having drive-train and power electronics inside the generated 100 MWh of electricity. nacelle. The 22m long nacelle is installed Alstom onto a separate seabed-mounted foundation and weighs less than 150 tonnes.

PAGE 40 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 41 INDUSTRY OVERVIEW Royal HaskoningDHV Royal HaskoningDHV INDUSTRY OVERVIEW

Project assistance While best known for successful site Rapid progress feasibility studies, managing and delivering The commercialisation of wave and tidal EIA processes, stakeholder engagement energy is progressing rapidly - made Wave and tidal developments are located in challenging and supporting the consenting processes of possible by government support and the physical environments. As a result their tidal turbines and large-scale wave and tidal projects. availability of significant, accessible wave wave devices are at the cutting-edge of marine engineering and tidal resources. technology. The industry has the potential to produce The company’s multidisciplinary team of An significant and predictable energy, locally, nationally and engineers and environmental scientists is Internationally, wave, tidal and hydro internationally. able to help developers and manufacturers projects are also increasing in number, at every project stage. From site selection particularly in Europe, North America, South overview Royal HaskoningDHV through development and construction America, the Far East and Australasia. As an industry leader, providing environmental and to post-construction maintenance and engineering support to the wave and tidal energy market since monitoring, their extensive experience and 2003, the company is at the forefront of the sector and well- creativity enable them to deliver dynamic, Frank Fortune of the known for its role in the assessment and consenting, as well as practical and cost-effective solutions for Royal HaskoningDHV supporting the installation and operation of a number of world a wide range of wave, tidal and hydro wave leading projects. engineering and consenting challenges. Click to view more info SeaGen These include SeaGen in Northern Ireland, the world’s first and tidal grid-connected commercial scale tidal turbine, and the world’s first tidal turbine array in the Sound of Islay, Scotland.

Royal HaskoningDHV is actively involved in the design sector and installation of smaller hydro electric projects and has The implemented several such projects across Europe. challenge Harnessing the energy generated by waves and tides to create clean, renewable electricity is a reality. The challenge for this burgeoning industry is to generate energy safely, reliably and at a commercially competitive scale and cost.

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Sustainable “I know that I will be able to make a real contribution with the skills and marine energy experience I have acquired over many It also calculates how energy extraction at years of working in subsea engineering one site may affect the energy available strengthens - building ROVs, cable ploughs and, Advancing tidal elsewhere. It identifies how interactions in recent years, tidal turbines and between different sites around the tidal team connector management systems.” UK combine to form an overall effect. for plat-o resource modelling Importantly, it considers what constraints Andrew’s passion for all things marine these interactions will place on the design, platform extends out of the workplace as he is also development and location of future energy a British Sub Aqua Club (first class) diver for the UK systems. Andrew Hunt appointed as and national instructor, and he has been Principal Subsea Engineer awarded the Diamond Jubilee Medal for his The need to increase energy SMARTtide (Simulated Marine designed for use by the tidal energy industry. Collaboration Leading tidal energy developer work as a Coastguard Rescue Officer. security and provide sustainable Array Resource Testing) One of the immediate uses of the powerful SMARTtide follows from an earlier project Sustainable Marine Energy (SME) energy generation has never In this context, HR Wallingford and the suite of models is to identify the most commissioned and funded by the ETI, has appointed experienced marine Wealth of Experience been greater. To date, advances Energy Technologies Institute (the ETI) efficient sites for tidal energy converters, led by Black & Veatch, in collaboration renewables engineer Andrew Hunt as Jason Hayman, Managing Director of within the tidal energy industry launched SMARTtide in 2013. SMARTtide tidal arrays or tidal barrage schemes with HR Wallingford and the University of its Principal Subsea Engineer, as the Sustainable Marine Energy, said “We are have been on marine renewable is a unique 2D tidal energy modelling tool around the UK and French coastlines. Edinburgh. company readies its innovative PLAT-O delighted that Andrew is joining SME. innovation with a primary focus turbine platform for sea trials. on proving a tidal technology from Since its launch, the modelling tool has “He brings with him a concept to small scale operation attracted considerable interest from the wealth of experience, and demonstration devices. tidal energy industry, with a particular expertise, commitment and interest in the baseline tidal data from unique insights which will The UK is currently a global leader in the validated model which provides an be very valuable to us as we marine energy with ground breaking test invaluable understanding of the tidal complete the build of our facilities and more installed devices than the resource key to siting the best suited PLAT-O platform and start rest of the world. The next phase for this technology. performing sea trials this sector is the race to overcome the complex Spring.” engineering challenges presented by Key addition installing the first tidal energy arrays. Graham Siggers, HR Wallingford’s After graduating in 1994 from SMARTtide will help to maximise tidal Hydrodynamics and Metocean Group Loughborough University, energy potential within the UK continental Manager, said “SMARTtide is a key Andrew worked in the shelf addition to our suite of advanced Aerospace industry for a major modelling tools, serving the wave blue-chip company prior to and tidal energy industry around moving to Newcastle upon the coastline of the UK, Ireland, and Tyne to work for the world’s northern .” leading independent subsea Andrew Hunt vehicle manufacturer - Soil David Krohn, recent Wave and Tidal Machine Dynamics. Development Manager at Renewable UK, talking about SMARTtide said “a welcome Here he worked on all aspects intervention to help marine energy of subsea vehicle design, The modelling tool will developers with siting in order that the Background project management, manufacture, help developers identify the UK maximises Andrew has more than 16 years of commissioning, test, installation and most efficient sites for tidal its huge potential subsea engineering experience and is a offshore work and has a great deal of energy developments. This for tidal energy Chartered Engineer with a passion for subsea engineering experience with cable example shows peak current development.” making marine renewables a reality. He burial machines and work class ROVs. speeds in the waters around has played key roles in the development Alderney in the Channel HR Wallingford of a number of major marine projects. After a short spell developing landmine Islands. clearing equipment for SMD’s sister Andrew commented; “I’m excited to company PEL, Andrew returned to SMD to Click to view more info be part of SME as it is a forward- lead its marine renewables exploration with thinking and pioneering company, the TidEL project. = Click to view video and the whole team shares my strong passion for marine energy. Sustainable Marine Energy

PAGE 44 www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk www.wavetidalenergynetwork.co.uk PAGE 45 INDUSTRY UPDATE NEWS & EVENTS NEWS & EVENTS INDUSTRY UPDATE

Current project support Image courtesy of: services Marine Marine Current Turbines Marine Energy Today, they still provide technology - a Siemens business development services and strategy advice for private and public organisations; however, Energy Technical they have also built a team suited to providing project support services, due diligence reviews Matters Consulting and feasibility studies. Marine Energy Matters (MEM) is a As leading tidal and wave technologies look strategic consultancy and business Since 1991 to large engineering firms for investment, support organisation dedicated to the company has focused on strategic areas the offshore renewables industry. IT Power has a long-standing history in the development of tidal stream of the technologies that these organisations Key activity areas include strategy and wave energy technologies which dates back to the early 1990s; this generally lack. and policy, project development, included some of the first studies and trials of tidal turbines and the first financial modelling and funding European-wide tidal resource assessment. Project development acquisition. Private project developers are now stepping For 12 years the company has developed their own technical designs, which culminated in the in to replace the utilities who are steadily The consultancy was founded in 2008 delivery of the Seaflow project and the spin-off off Marine Current Turbines in 2003. Since then, withdrawing from the development of to support the global marine energy they have undertaken over 65 technical and strategic marine energy consulting projects across projects. These developers require the industry, with its founder Colin Cornish the globe and have seen the emergence of an exciting sector. technical expertise of specialised consultancies having gained early knowledge of the to support their project work. The company sector through his work Wave & tidal solutions has recently undertaken multiple projects within the Regional IT Power’s passion for marine energy looking to overcome the complexities Development Agency and started through the development of their associated with deploying infrastructure in the development of the own solutions for tidal and wave energy aggressive marine environments. Wave Hub project. Since its Convenient exploitation. As more and more concepts inception, MEM has built location started to emerge, they recognised the Partnerships an international reputation Located in south west need for an experienced engineering IT Power work with a number of partners to for helping the industry to England, MEM has been consultancy able to provide technical support complement their own abilities and through develop and grow - born intimately involved in the to entrepreneurs and academics developing these partnerships, are able to offer assistance from involvement at the development of the marine marine energy technology. Contract R&D across all areas of the marine energy sector. cutting edge of the sector. energy sector, working now provides the bulk of their workload. with the public and The company’s specialist team is currently Strategic private sectors including The company’s direct involvement in working on a number of marine energy assignments the South West Marine developing several technologies provided projects including optimised vessels; design The organisation undertakes Energy Park, The Crown them with the knowledge to develop national services; FEED studies; environmental scoping; strategic assignments for Estate, local government roadmaps to governments around the world, hydrodynamic and tidal array modelling; governments and their facilities such as Wave as well as providing strategic advice to private mooring and foundations design, as well departments, at national Hub and organisations companies wanting to enter the sector. as lenders and owners engineer for project and local level, while private wishing to establish a UK developers. sector activity ranges from presence. A cornerstone of market entry and investor the organisation’s activity As the sector matures, the company aims assistance through to project feasibility and Associate expertise has been industry development across the to continue to provide valuable technical development. Part of MEM’s success results MEM’s associates have expertise across prime offshore energy sectors – wind, wave expertise in partnership with other capable from the rapidly developing sector and the the spectrum of marine energy related and tidal – having helped develop local and organisations to deliver viable marine energy challenges it faces, not just from a technical fields from strategic industrial development national strategies through a number of projects. perspective but also the need for new local, (including economic, infrastructure and strategic industry development/economic national and international polices to create supply chain analysis) to specific project assignments. IT Power a supportive development framework assessment and development. The whilst ensuring protection for the natural consultancy’s strategic knowledge is Marine Energy Matters environment and other groups that use it. complimented by Geographic Information Systems (GIS), energy resource assessment and financial modelling capabilities.

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Insurance &

As a leading global insurance broker Best Practice Guide to Wave Many of the insurers in these hubs are and risk management consultant and Tidal Power Risk and already leading the way in offshore wind focusing on specialist lines business, Insurance project insurance; knowledge gained here wave and tidal is a key focus area for The only way that this situation will being essential for the development of JLT Specialty Limited (JLTSL). continue to change is through closer wave and tidal technology and arrays/ co-operation and earlier engagement projects too. For example, lessons learnt Experience between the wave and tidal industries and and on-going work being done to reduce Over the last five years their dedicated the insurance industry. This is something the cost of cable losses in the offshore Renewable Energy Practice has worked JLTSL are keen to promote, as evidenced wind arena should be benefit the first closely with these rapidly growing and ever by the ‘Best Practice Guide to Wave and commercial wave and tidal arrays. evolving industries, to develop innovative Tidal Power Risk and Insurance’ they co- new risk management and insurance produced with RenewableUK back in 2012 Future solutions at increasingly competitive prices. for these industries. Looking forward, based on both the company’s own experience and discussions The majority of their experience has been Specifically, the specialist insurance with leading insurers in this area they gained to date by working on UK wave and community can help these industries believe that within the next five years tidal devices and arrays/projects, however to improve risk management practices, wave and tidal gross premium will rise increasingly they are beginning to engage contracting strategies and standards. All to approximately GBP 5,000,000 to with this type of business in other countries things being equal, this should lead to the 7,000,000 per annum, and therefore this and regions including; Canada, USA, Chile benefits of lower insurance premiums and type of business will continue to grow in and Australasia. therefore lower cost of energy, as well importance for the insurance community. as the provision of wider coverage and Industry supporting role ultimately in the eyes of potential financiers JLT Specialty Ltd JLT and the wider insurance community a more ‘bankable’ investment. have a key role to play in supporting the continued growth of these industries. At Specialist hubs present, insurance costs for such devices Specialist wave and tidal insurance hubs and projects represent some of the have developed in London (Lloyd’s of largest elements of their Capex and Opex London and the London Company expenditure, and moreover coverage is Insurance markets), Denmark, Germany limited when compared to what is on offer and Switzerland – all markets JLTSL works for offshore wind devices and projects. closely with.

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