AMC TACOM
Why A Grizzly?
Donald P. Kotchman OMBAT Lieutenant Colonel, Ordnance CC OBILITY MM YSTEMS Product Manager SS
Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.1/16 Battlefield of the 21st Century
Characteristics: Trends, Opportunities, Needs: • Increased Tempo • Commander’s Ability to Make Decisions Quickly Increased • Increased Lethality Doctrine drives Army • Synchronize Movements/Operation of Widely Dispersed Units • Greater Dispersion Policy in Major Areas • Precise and Deadly Massed Fires • Greater Complexity such as training, force • Smaller Units and Decentralized Decision-Making • Stealth design, modernization, • Integration of RSTA, C2, Firepower for Quick Response personnel and logistics • Digitization
BUT...
Controlling the Dimensions of WIN THE INFORMATION WAR Battle: Speed, Space and Time PROTECT THE Science FORCE and Technology DOMINATE MANEUVER
EXECUTE Complex Obsatcles Neutralize our Force XXI Capabilities PRECISION n Hinder Friendly Mobility and Maneuver Flexibility STRIKES n Isolate and Fragment Forces n Block Attacking Forces; Channelize Them Into Killing Zones n Delay Reinforcement, Hold Forces for Attack PROJECT & SUSTAIN COMBAT POWER n Minimize Direct Contact with Superior Forces n Disrupt Our Timetables n Mines Can Negate Advantages of Information Dominance n Attain Superior Force Ratios at Decisive Moment and Place Dynamic Emplacement of Obstacles in the Future Amplifies the Problem And… Complex Obstacles are Cheap, Effective and Prolific.
AN ASYMMETRIC THREAT
Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.2/16 The Combat Engineer Deficiency Defined nCOMPLEX OBSTACLES –Current systems Cannot Breach “In Stride,” Under Fire »Lack of Speed and Survivability THE FUTURE: »Inhibits Cdr’s Flexibility –Organic Assets Have Limited Capability - Increased Distribution of High –Extremely Complicated C2 in Execution Tech Fusing - Proliferation of Rapid Delivery n OBSTACLES - Less Detectable – Fundamental Part of Land Warfare - Smarter – An Active Ingredient for Success Across the Entire Spectrum of - Full Width the Norm Conflict - Deeper Mechanical Emplacement – Almost Always Complex, Includes Mix of Mine Types & are Covered - Easy Upgrade of Existing by Direct/Indirect Observation and Fires Inventories nMINES –Increased use in Mines evident Worldwide; They are Cheap –More complex Fuzing/Anti-Handling Devices - inhibits Manual Clearing –“Full Width” Attack is now Common Place –Easily Upgradeable n Surface and Buried MINES Today, Soldiers Lack The – Increased Threat Propensity to Rapidly Deploy Resources to Successfully – Increased Threat to Employ reinforcing types in multiple Execute an In-Stride Breach. “Belts” It Gets Worse In the Future! – Quantity of Countermine/Counterobstacle Equipment Inadequate to In-Stride Breach Requirements Repeatedly Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.3/16 The Threat Rapid Emplacement of Obstacles
Operational Reserves COG
IN-STRIDE IN-STRIDE BREACH BREACH - Rapid Obstacle Emplacement Hasty Ditch (R) - Observation & Fires - Limited Intel - Cannot Lose Momentum Mechanically/Air Delivered IN 1 HOUR Emplaced Mines •500X100m Buried HASTY MF(Mechanical) BREACH •Hasty ATD •500X300m Surface laid MF (Arty/Air) FASCAM Surface Mines x DELIBERATE x x x Obstacles Cheaply x x x BREACH x x x Negate our Ability to x x x Dominate Maneuver and x x x Win the Information War x x x x x
Mines are Extremely Blue Axis Cost Effective Counter Of Advance to US Multi-Million $ Weapon Systems Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.4/16 “Orchestrated“Orchestrated Ballet”Ballet” • Today: Complex Battle Command – Each Complex obstacle unique===>No battle drill – Deliberate breach required – Slow--Detailed rehearsal required – Situational Awareness=Grease pencil + FM Voice – Multiple Systems of Limited Capability/Survivability
Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.5/16 The Mission Need Statement (MNS) n Urgent Need Exists for System to Breach Obstacles at Brigade Combat Team Level – Defeat Natural/Simple/Complex – In Stride with Heavy Maneuver Forces (M1, M2/3 Task Force) – Under Enemy Defensive Fires, Heavy Smoke/Obscurants – Bring Closure on Enemy Operational Center of Gravity n Mobility, Protection, Agility Equivalent to Maneuver Force n Integrate Countermine/Counter Obstacle Into a Single Platform The ORD Requirement n Comparable Mobility and Agility to an M1A1 Abrams Main Battle Tank n Comparable Survivability and Vulnerability characteristics as the M1A1 Abrams series Main Battle Tank n In one attempt, move to, reduce complex obstacle systems, create a safe, trafficable lane for vehicles to follow
Commander’s Goal: Close the Fight Quickly
Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.6/16 GRIZZLY System Attributes
External Cameras Weapons Station Self Defense For Crew Visibility Mission Electronics System With Survivability 1553 Data Bus Adverse Weather Situational Awareness O&S Benefits (BIT/BITE/Diagnostics) Digital C2
Power Driven Arm Multi-Role Capability Commanders Control Station With/Two-Man Crew and NBC Overpressure Survivability Refurbished M1 Chassis O&S Commonality Speed & Range Full Width Mine Clearing Blade With 70 Ton Suspension Automatic Depth Control Keeps Pace with Adverse Weather Maneuver Force Range of Effectiveness Agility Versatility Performance Requirements: • Clear Complex Obstacle: 21 minutes • Abrams Level Survivability • Mobility Equivalent Maneuver Force • Weight NTE GCW 70 tons • Supportability Equivalent to M1A1
Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.7/16 Timing Required to Defeat 600 m Complex Obstacle
Bn TF Currently Must Treat As Deliberate Breach Friendly Axis of Advance Time Sequence to Breach Wire Obstacle AT & AP Minefield AT Ditch Current Operations
H, Recon Discovers Obstacle Calls Rollers Forward 100 m 400 m 100 m H + 1, Recon/Cdr’s Concept H + 3, Issue TF Opns Ord H+10, Dismounted H+10¾, Begin H + 5, Assemble Fire Spt/Equip H+10¼, MCLIC H + 9½ Sappers Defeat Marking Lane H+11¼, Sappers/ H + 6, Install Rollers/Plows Deployed vs. Mines Begin Wire with TWMP clear far side H + 6, Leader Rehearsals H+11, AVLB/ Breach Bangalore/ H+10½, TWMP & for residual mines ACE Reduce ATD H+11½, Track H + 8, Move Forces to Attack Cutters Rollers Clears Positions Residual Mines width breach clear. Engineers H + 9, Fire Support Begins Enemy Knows begin to Expand H + 9½, Cross LD Breach Site Breach. Recon Bangalore MCLIC TWMP/Roller AVLB Breaching Signature 2 + 8 + 0 + 8 + 2 = 20 Total Number of Soldiers Required Per Task:
Recon Grizzly through Breach Defender Never Certain til Forces Mass that “This is it!” 2 + 2 = 4* Total Time Sequence to H Hour Grizzly through Breach Grizzly Operations GRIZZLY SAVES 9 HOURS , MAINTAINS H, Recon Discovers Obstacle Grizzly Passes Obstacle in only 21 Minutes! MOMENTUM, REDUCES H + ½, Recon/Cdr’s Concept SIGNATURE, AND LOWERS H + 1, Issue TF FRAGO SOLDIER EXPOSURE H + 1½, Alert Fire Spt H + 1¾, Move Forces to Attack H + 2 H+2½, breach Positions 100 m 400 m 100 m Begin clear for assault H + 2, Fire Spt Begins Breach forces to pass H + 2, Cross LD Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.8/16 Combat Power Throughput
è A Full Width Mine Plow Lane Created By the Grizzly Results in Greater Throughput, Task Force Buildup is Much Faster on Far Side of Breach. Current Lane Must Be Improved to Permit Follow-on Forces Other Than Tanks through the Breach.
Which Situation Best Current: Obstacle Belt Facilitates Pursuit, Axis of Advance Exploitation or Seizure of Follow-on Objectives?
Track-Width Mine Plow And Rollers Create Two Parallel Lanes - Dominant Maneuver Means Must Be Improved ForTactical Vehicles Other than Tanks to Pass Speed, Agility, Versatility and Retaining the Initiative!
With Grizzly:
Grizzly Plows Lane Wider than Tank Track Width, Allows All Tactical Vehicles to Immediately Cross Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.9/16 Combat Power Effectiveness In An In-Stride Breach è The Grizzly Performs its Mission as a Specialized Role, allowing a significant Portion of the Combat Power of the Maneuver Task Force to Perform Their Primary Specialized Roles - Close With and Destroy the Enemy With Direct Fire and Maneuver Combat Power In Breaching Mission Scenario Remaining Breaching Assets w/BCS
Future: 6 C2 Brigade Based Assets 6 Blade Sets Design w/o and 2 Roller 30% of Sets in Combat Power Grizzly 50% less BCS Used Combat50% Power less Than CurrentCombat Tank Power Bn Than Current Tank Bn Combat
16 of 30 Tanks Available to Exploit Power 8 Tanks Relegated to Power Non-firing Breach Assets Increased by
Future: 6 C2 50% Brigade Based Assets Design w/ Grizzly What About Mech Hvy - Only One Tank Team Typically Assigned?? 0 Tanks Relegated to Non-firing Breach Assets 24 of 30 Tanks Available to Exploit Power
Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.10/16 Breach in Stride from the March
Relationship to Information Dominance • Units can mass and move • Smoke/Obscurants used instantly into the breach to to cover breach operations enhance surprise/maintain (tends to delay current opns) momentum of attack
• Breacher on board digital • No time consuming “ballet position locating and radio of farm implements” transmission systems transmit status of breach • C2 in Execution of Breach continuously to follow-on is Simplified/Breach Opns Can exploitation forces Now Be Battle-Drilled
Combat Echelon March Formation Advantages
Without Grizzly, Breach Force Far Back, Security Element Dir. of Attack Must Pass Security & Adv Combat Elements Attack is Halted! Obstacle
Breach Assets Advance Platoon With Grizzly, Breach Force Breach Assets Dir. of Attack May Move Much Farther Forward Security Element in Formation Attack In Stride! Obstacle
Advance Platoon Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.11/16 Breaching Complex Obstacles - User Perspective
Minefields Safe Complex Obstacles Safe Pressure Tilt-Rod Simple Multi-Sensor Force Ditch or Log Prefab. Wire & Post Force
Fuze Fuze Mag Fuze Fuze Passage Crater Rubble Abatis Crib Berms Wire Barrier Obstacle Passage
TWMP TWMP (SIP) BCS w/MICLIC MICLIC WOLVERINE ACE GRIZZLY
Green Good Effectiveness Note: 1) Safe force passage evaluates the system’s ability to safely allow follow-on forces and vehicles to pass Amber Marginal/Conditional Effectiveness by guaranteeing the absence of mines in the lane. Red Limited/No Effect 2) Evaluation does not consider survivability and effectiveness of system or vehicle AFTER a mine blast.
System Defeats Stopped By* Losses Expd. Engr Squad Wire w/Bangalore AP/AT Mines/Fires Heavy ³50% MICLIC Mines Wire/Ditch/Fires Mun. Expended M9 ACE Ditch/Berm Mines/Wire/Fires Heavy ³50% AVLB Ditch Mines/Berm Medium <50% System Defeats Stopped By* Losses Expd. BCS Mines/Wire Ditch/Berm/Point Medium <50% Obstacles/Terrain Irregularities System Defeats Stopped By* Losses Expd. Grizzly All None Medium <50% *Stopped means System does not have capability to defeat obstacle and must call for additional support Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.12/16 Grizzly CASTFOREM Analysis Emerging Results of the PAE Directed Review of Grizzly Requirements Analysis Provided to the Grizzly Study Advisory Group (SAG) on 8 July. Analytical Underpinnings of Grizzly Requirement Provide Adequate Support to Program.
100 Margin of Victory Grizzly Reduces 1 Lane 92 Increases with 1.95 Time Force is 100 2 Lanes 81 2 38.86 Grizzly 40 Exposed to Fires 90 1.8 35 80 65 1.6 1.33 30 28.56 70 1.4 46 1.2 1.08 25 60 1 20 16.26 50 40 0.8 15 14 0.6
10 % of Time Successful 30 0.4 Loss Exchange Ratio 5 20 0.2
Average Breach Time in Minutes 0 10 0 No Grizzlies 6 Grizzlies 12 Grizzlies 0 No Grizzlies 6 Grizzlies 12 Grizzlies Alternative No Grizzlies 6 Grizzlies 12 Grizzlies Alternative Alternative Average Time Per Task Force Breach Percent of Time Lane Breach Successful Loss Exchange Ratio (LER)
Grizzly Preserves 4.4 4.5 Combat Forces Grizzly Saves Grizzly 4 BCS-SIP Hasty MICLIC Combat Power Grizzly 200.26 3.5 3.28 Wolverine 10 Breaching 9.37 200 BCS-SIP 175.95 ACE 9 180 Capability 3 Total 7.54 160 8 Arty 2.5 7 6.4 140 102.2 121.85 2 2.11 DF 6 120 98.06 Total 2 1.67 94.78 1.55 100 81.17 5 64.84 1.5 1.26 80 57.01 1 4 60 1 0.71 0.73 3 2.27 2.27
40 # of Breachers Per Lane 0.43 0.44
# of Breachers FMC 2 Blue System Losses 20 0.5 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 No 6 12 No Grizzlies 6 Grizzlies 12 Grizzlies No Grizzlies 6 Grizzlies 12 Grizzlies Grizzlies Grizzlies Grizzlies Alternative Alternative Alternative Grizzly Puts Number of Blades/Rollers Fully Blue System Losses Breach Systems Required Per Lane Fewer Crews/ Mission Capable at End of Mission Systems at Risk
Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.13/16 Effectiveness Minefield Effectiveness Soldier Exposure
Mine Track Full 1st Gen Dual Anti- Obstacle Wire Minefield Anti-Tank Point AP Multi Types Width Width Magnetic Impulse Handling Mines Sensor System W/APM APM & ATM Ditch & Berm Obstacle Pressure Pressure Fused Pressure AT Mines Deviced System AT Mines AT Mines AT Mines AT Mines AT Mines ESV (M113) MICLIC MICLIC TWMP TWMP ROLLERS
ROLLER AVLB
M9ACE/BULDZR
GRIZZLY GRIZZLY
High Risk Medium Risk Low Risk Cannot Blast Survivability Defeat è Soldier Exposure is Function of Time performing Mission Survivability Upon Detonation Strength Of Mine (lbs. - TNT) and Protection Level 0 28 TWMP Mine Depth Capability ROLLER Depth Surface Sub- 6 in. 9 in. 12 in. GRIZZLY System Surface
Survivability Upon Detonation of Several Mines MICLIC Number of Blasts at 22 lb. TNT BCS/ROLLER TWMP Note That a 0 Mine Strike on SAPPERS ROLLER TWMP Equals a Mission Kill! W/PROBES
GRIZZLY GRIZZLY 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.14/16 Commander’sCommander’s OperationalOperational ConditionsConditions forfor SuccessSuccess • Did I accomplish the mission while maintaining maximum combat power?
• At the conclusion of this mission, will my unit be capable of conducting follow-on operations?
• Was the brigade able to maintain the momentum of the attack as the task forces passed through the complex obstacles? No Grizzly Case: Commander’s conditions for success were not met • Unit did not maintain at least 50% of combat power • Task Forces failed to breach at least one lane 35% of the time • Unit had no residual breaching capability at end of mission • Unit not prepared to conduct follow on operations. 6 Grizzly Case: Commander’s conditions for success were not met • Unit did not maintain at least 50% of combat power • Unit had limited residual breaching capability at end of mission • Unit was not capable of conducting follow on operations 12 Grizzly Case: Commander’s conditions for success were met
Committed to Excellence WebWhyG.ppt Pg.15/16 Why Grizzly?
Supports National Military Strategy
Day-Night/Adverse Weather Versatile
Preserves Combat Power of Maneuver Force First In-Stride Capability High Battlefield Survivability
Digital Committed to Excellence 3/12/98 WebWhyG.ppt Pg.16/16