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The Mystery of Blend- and Landwatermasks

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The Mystery of Blend- and Landwatermasks The Mystery of Blend- and LandWaterMasks Introduction Blend- and LandWaterMask’s are essential for Photoreal Scenery Creation. This process is also the most time consuming and tedious part if done seriously and exactly. For this process sophisticated Painting programs are required like Adobe Photoshop, Corel Painter, Corel Photo Paint Pro, Autodesk SketchBook Pro, GNU Image Manipulation Program (GIMP), IrfanView, Paint.NET or any Photo Painting Program which supports Layers and Alpha-channels can be used, depending on the taste and requirements of the user. Searching the Internet reveals that a lot of people have problems – including the Author of this document himself – with the above mentioned subject. One important note: This is not a tutorial on how to create Blend- and LandWaterMasks because the Internet contains quiet a lot of tutorials in written form and in video form, some are good, some are bullshit. FSDeveloper.com provides an exhausting competent and comprehensive lot of information regarding this subject. The Author of this document gained a lot of this information from this source! Another requirement is a good understanding of the Photo Paint Program you are using. Also a thorough knowledge of the Flight Simulator Terrain SDK is required or is even essential for the process. You need also a basic understanding of technical terms used in the Computer Graphic Environment. Technical Background and Terms As usual, there is a bit of technical explanations and technical term's required. I will keep this very very short, because the Internet, i.e. Wikipedia provides exhausting information regarding this subjects, I will provide the relevant Hyperlinks so you can navigate to the pertinent Web-pages. BMP file format The BMP file format, also known as bitmap image file or device independent bitmap (DIB) file format or simply a bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems. The BMP file format is capable of storing two-dimensional digital images both monochrome and color, in various color depths, and optionally with data compression, alpha channels, and color profiles. The Windows Metafile (WMF) specification covers the BMP file format. Among others wingdi.h defines BMP constants and structures. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMP_file_format TIFF Tagged Image File Format Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, Author: Conrad F. Staeheli 1 1st Ed April 2018 The Mystery of Blend- and LandWaterMasks and photographers. TIFF is widely supported by scanning, faxing, word processing, optical character recognition, image manipulation, desktop publishing, and page-layout applications. The format was created by Aldus Corporation for use in desktop publishing. It published the latest version 6.0 in 1992, subsequently updated with an Adobe Systems copyright after the latter acquired Aldus in 1994. Several Aldus or Adobe technical notes have been published with minor extensions to the format, and several specifications have been based on TIFF 6.0, including TIFF/EP (ISO 12234-2), TIFF/IT (ISO 12639,9),TIFF-F (RFC 2306) and TIFF-FX (RFC 3949). Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TIFF GeoTIFF file format GeoTIFF is a public domain metadata standard which allows georeferencing information to be embedded within a TIFF file. The potential additional information includes map projection, coordinate systems, ellipsoids, datums, and everything else necessary to establish the exact spatial reference for the file. The GeoTIFF format is fully compliant with TIFF 6.0, so software incapable of reading and interpreting the specialized metadata will still be able to open a GeoTIFF format file. An alternative to the "inlined" TIFF geospatial metadata is the *.tfw World File sidecar file format which may sit in the same folder as the regular TIFF file to provide a subset of the functionality of the standard GeoTIFF described here. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoTIFF Truevision TGA file format Truevision TGA, often referred to as TARGA, is a raster graphics file format created by Truevision Inc. (now part of Avid Technology). It was the native format of TARGA and VISTA boards, which were the first graphic cards for IBM-compatible PCs to support Highcolor/truecolor display. This family of graphic cards was intended for professional computer image synthesis and video editing with PCs; for this reason, usual resolutions of TGA image files match those of the NTSC and PAL video formats. TARGA is an acronym for Truevision Advanced Raster Graphics Adapter; TGA is an initialism for Truevision Graphics Adapter. TGA files commonly have the extension ".tga" on PC DOS/Windows systems and Mac OS X (older Macintosh systems use the "TPIC" type code). The format can store image data with 8, 15, 16, 24, or 32 bits of precision per pixel – the maximum 24 bits of RGB and an extra 8-bit alpha channel. Color data can be color-mapped, or in direct color or truecolor format. Image data may be stored raw, or optionally, a lossless RLE compression similar to PackBits can be employed. This type of compression performs poorly for typical photographic images, but works acceptably well for simpler images, such as icons, cartoons and line drawings. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truevision_TGA RGB color space A RGB color space is any additive color space based on the RGB color model. A particular RGB color space is defined by the three chromaticities of the red, green, Author: Conrad F. Staeheli 2 1st Ed April 2018 The Mystery of Blend- and LandWaterMasks and blue additive primaries, and can produce any chromaticity that is the triangle defined by those primary colors. The complete specification of an RGB color space also requires a white point chromaticity and a gamma correction curve. As of 2007, sRGB is by far the most commonly used RGB color space. RGB is an abbreviation for red–green–blue. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGB_color_space CMYK color model The CMYK color model (process color, four color) is a subtractive color model, used in color printing, and is also used to describe the printing process itself. CMYK refers to the four inks used in some color printing: cyan, magenta, yellow, and key (black). The reason for black ink being referred to as key is because in four-color printing, cyan, magenta, and yellow printing plates are carefully keyed, or aligned, with the key of the black key plate. Some sources suggest that the "K" in CMYK comes from the last letter in "black" and was chosen because B already means blue.However, some people disagree with this because there is no blue in the primary CMYK colors; it is made with cyan and magenta. Some sources claim this explanation, although useful as a mnemonic, is incorrect, that K comes only from "Key" because black is often used as outline and printed first. It is more common in modern printing for the black to be printed last in order to yield deeper, cleaner shadows and crisper blacks than the imperfect black created by the CMY combination when those colors are printed over the black. The CMYK model works by partially or entirely masking colors on a lighter, usually white, background. The ink reduces the light that would otherwise be reflected. Such a model is called subtractive because inks "subtract" the colors red, green and blue from white light. White light minus red leaves cyan, white light minus green leaves magenta, and white light minus blue leaves yellow. In additive color models, such as RGB, white is the "additive" combination of all primary colored lights, while black is the absence of light. In the CMYK model, it is the opposite: white is the natural color of the paper or other background, while black results from a full combination of colored inks. To save cost on ink, and to produce deeper black tones, unsaturated and dark colors are produced by using black ink instead of the combination of cyan, magenta, and yellow. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CMYK_color_model HSL and HSV color space HSL (Hue, Saturation, Lightness) and HSV (Hue, Saturation, Value) are two alternative representations of the RGB color model, designed in the 1970s by computer graphics researchers to more closely align with the way human vision perceives color-making attributes. In these models, colors of each hue are arranged in a radial slice, around a central axis of neutral colors which ranges from black at the bottom to white at the top. The HSV representation models the way paints of different colors mix together, with the saturation dimension resembling various shades of brightly colored paint, and the value dimension resembling the mixture of those paints with varying amounts of black or white paint. The HSL model attempts to resemble more perceptual color models such as NCS or Munsell, placing fully saturated colors Author: Conrad F. Staeheli 3 1st Ed April 2018 The Mystery of Blend- and LandWaterMasks around a circle at a lightness value of 1/2, where a lightness value of 0 or 1 is fully black or white, respectively. Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HSL_and_HSV Alpha-compositing In computer graphics, alpha compositing is the process of combining an image with a background to create the appearance of partial or full transparency. It is often useful to render image elements in separate passes, and then combine the resulting multiple 2D images into a single, final image called the composite. For example, compositing is used extensively when combining computer-rendered image elements with live footage. In order to combine these image elements correctly, it is necessary to keep an associated matte for each element.
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