DOCSLIB.ORG

2020 Sub Lethal Predatory Shell Damage

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
2020 Sub Lethal Predatory Shell Damage Sub-lethal predatory shell damage does not affect physiologyunder high ANGOR UNIVERSITY CO2 in the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata Yokoyama, Leonardo; Turra, Alexander; Suckling, Coleen; Torres, Gabriela; Davies, Andrew; McCarthy, Ian Ocean and Coastal Management DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/s2675-28242020068274 PRIFYSGOL BANGOR / B Published: 01/01/2020 Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Cyswllt i'r cyhoeddiad / Link to publication Dyfyniad o'r fersiwn a gyhoeddwyd / Citation for published version (APA): Yokoyama, L., Turra, A., Suckling, C., Torres, G., Davies, A., & McCarthy, I. (2020). Sub-lethal predatory shell damage does not affect physiologyunder high CO in the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata. Ocean and Coastal Management, 68, [e20274]. https://doi.org/10.1590/s2675-2 28242020068274 Hawliau Cyffredinol / General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. 24. Sep. 2021 OCEAN AND COASTAL ORIGINAL ARTICLE http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/S2675-28242020068274 RESEARCH Sub-lethal predatory shell damage does not affect physiology under high CO2 in the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata Leonardo Querobim Yokoyama1,2* , Alexander Turra1, Coleen Suckling3,4, Gabriela Torres3,5, Andrew Davies3,6, Ian McCarthy3 1 Instituto Oceanográfico, Universidade de São Paulo, Laboratório de Manejo, Ecologia e Gestão Costeira, Departamento de Oceanografia Biológica (Praça do Oceanográfico, 191 - Butantã - SP - 05508-120 - Brazil) 2 Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Laboratório de Ecologia e Gestão Costeira, Instituto do Mar (Rua Carvalho de Mendonça, n° 144 - Santos - SP - 11070-100 - Brazil) 3 Bangor University, School of Ocean Sciences (Menai Bridge, Anglesey, LL59 5AB, United Kingdom) 4 University of Rhode Island, Department of Fisheries, Animal and Veterinary Sciences (129 Woodward Hall, 9 East Alumni Avenue, Kingston, RI 02881 - United States) 5 Alfred-Wegener-Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research (Biologische Anstalt Helgoland Postfach 180 27483- Helgoland - Germany) 6 University of Rhode Island, Department of Biological Sciences, (Kingston - RI 02881 - United States) *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Ocean acidification (OA) poses a major threat to marine animals, especially marine shelled invertebrates such as molluscs. Although many organisms are capable of compensating for the effects of OA, this can impose physiological costs and impact performance (e.g. through increased metabolism and decreased growth). Sublethal injuries on shells may provoke changes in energy allocation. Under acidified conditions, organisms would spend less energy on reproduction and somatic growth to repair the damage. Therefore, we analysed the physiological responses of the intertidal gastropod Tritia reticulata during shell regeneration under OA conditions. We simulated a sub-lethal predation event (a notch in the outer lip of the shell) and individuals were exposed to control (pH 8.08) and low pH scenarios (pH 7.88 and 7.65). After two months exposure, all individuals showed shell repair, with a full repair rate observed in 75% of individuals. Contrary to expectations, shell repair following sub-lethal damage and OA had no apparent impact on physiological state in terms of energy reserves (as measured by whole-animal Carbon/Nitrogen) or growth potential (as measured by whole-animal RNA:Protein and RNA:DNA ratios). As an intertidal organism, T. reticulata could be resilient to future global environmental change because of compensatory mechanisms that are inherent in intertidal animals, and may represent a robust species with which to study future scenarios of OA in temperate coastal ecosystems. However, unrestricted food availability during experiment could have played a role in the results and therefore food limitation should be considered in future studies regarding shell repair and metabolism under the effects of OA. Descriptors: Ocean acidification, Metabolism, Intertidal, Gastropod, Shell repair. INTRODUCTION more energy on buffering their acid-base relation- ship (Sokolova et al., 2012). However, OA can also One of the biggest threats of ocean acidification affect biological processes such as growth (Harris (OA) is the need for marine organisms to expend et al., 1999), reproduction (Suckling et al., 2015), development (Dupont et al., 2008; Brennand et al., Submitted on: 27/June/2019 2010) and calcification of hard skeleton structures Approved on: 17/March/2020 (Courtney et al., 2013). Molluscs are one of the taxa Editor: Rubens M. Lopes with the greatest potential to be affected by acidifi- cation since molluscs shells are composed of calcium © 2019 The authors. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons license. carbonate (calcite and/or aragonite; Addadi et al., Ocean and Coastal Research 2020, v68:e20274 1 Yokoyama et al.: Ocean acidification and Tritia reticulata 2006). Acidification alters the saturation state of cal- is a common gastropod species from European cium carbonate (CaCO3), which hinders CaCO3 extrac- coastal waters (Barroso et al., 2005a), occurring on tion from the water and elevates the dissolution of shallow sandy bottoms and in intertidal rock pools skeletal CaCO3 (Watson et al., 2012). Amongst marine (Tallmark, 1980). As a scavenger benthic species, it is Gastropoda, the responses to increased pCO2 (caus- responsible for diagenetic processes in surface sedi- ing pH reduction) have varied depending on species ments, because of its movements in the surface layer, and duration of exposure with no consensus on or- where organic matter is more abundant (Donazzolo ganismal response (see review by Parker et al., 2013). et al., 1989). The biology and ecology of T. reticulata Reduction in growth and calcification under acidified has been well studied (Tallmark, 1980; Barroso et al., environments is expected (Shirayama and Thorton, 2005a, 2005b; Chatzinikolaou and Richardson, 2007, 2005), but some species are capable of raising their 2008) but the effects of OA are not known although calcification rates (Langer et al., 2014) whereas other they have been studied for closely-related Nassarius species maintain the deposition of CaCO3, although at spp. (Zhang et al., 2014, 2015, 2016). T. reticulata can the cost of their metabolic rates (Findlay et al., 2011). vary shell growth and thickening depending on lo- Similarly, physiological responses to increased pCO2 cation and in areas protected from wave action and varies in gastropods with negative (Bibby et al., 2007; with high abundance of predators it tends to pro- Harvey et al., 2016), positive (Harvey et al., 2016) and duce thicker shells (Chatzinikolaou and Richardson, absence of effects (Marchant et al., 2010) depending 2007). Therefore, in populations of T. reticulata, on the study species and parameters measured. shell dissolution by acidification could pose a po- In an acidified environment, reduction in calci- tential challenge through increased predation risk. fication may reduce shell strength and/or thickness Regeneration of parts of the shell lost by sub-lethal (Bibby et al., 2007) making species more vulnerable to predation is a costly process and, even in natural con- predation (Gazeau et al., 2013). For coastal molluscs, ditions, animals will be required to divert energy from the magnitude and consequences of OA on predator- other sources such as somatic growth or reproduc- prey interactions at the population, community and tion (Geller, 1990). ecosystem levels are still unknown because of the In marine ecology, various biochemical indi- varying range of possible outcomes (Kroeker et al., cators such as nucleic acid ratios (RNA:DNA and 2014). Sub-lethal events from predator-prey interac- RNA:Protein) and proximate composition (proteins, tions normally leaves the molluscan prey with a dam- lipids, elemental analysis) have been used as cor- aged shell (Blundon and Vermeij, 1983). This injury relates of condition and growth rate (reviewed in is common in many gastropods (Turra et al., 2005; Houlihan et al., 1993; Fraser and Rogers, 2007). The Dietl and Alexander, 2009; Stafford et al., 2015) and RNA:DNA ratio provides a measure of protein syn- may increase the risk of death because of impaired thesis and recent growth since the amount of DNA movement due to regeneration and the potential in somatic cells remains relatively constant whilst loss of body fluids (Blundon and Vermeij, 1983). The the amount of RNA involved in protein synthesis will available evidence indicates that regrowth scars are vary with nutritional state, age, life-stage, size and not a weak point in the shell (Blundon and Vermeij, changing environmental conditions (Buckley et al., 1983) and gastropods with damaged shells can have 1999; Chícharo and Chícharo, 2008).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • (Approx) Mixed Micro Shells (22G Bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22G Bag Provides Hours of Fun; Some Interesting Foraminifera Also Included
    Special Price £ US$ Family Genus, species Country Quality Size Remarks w/o Photo Date added Category characteristic (€) (approx) (approx) Mixed micro shells (22g bags) Philippines € 10,00 £8,64 $11,69 Each 22g bag provides hours of fun; some interesting Foraminifera also included. 17/06/21 Mixed micro shells Ischnochitonidae Callistochiton pulchrior Panama F+++ 89mm € 1,80 £1,55 $2,10 21/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Chaetopleura lurida Panama F+++ 2022mm € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Hairy girdles, beautifully preserved. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 30mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Ischnochiton textilis South Africa F+++ 27.9mm € 2,80 £2,42 $3,27 30/04/21 Polyplacophora Ischnochitonidae Stenoplax limaciformis Panama F+++ 16mm+ € 6,50 £5,61 $7,60 Uncommon. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Philippines F+++ 25mm+ € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Hairy margins, beautifully preserved. 04/08/17 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura gemmata Australia F+++ 25mm+ € 2,60 £2,25 $3,04 02/06/18 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 41mm+ € 4,00 £3,45 $4,68 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. Web 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Acanthopleura granulata Panama F+++ 32mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 West Indian 'fuzzy' chiton. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 44mm+ € 5,00 £4,32 $5,85 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F++ 35mm € 2,50 £2,16 $2,92 Caribbean. 24/12/16 Polyplacophora Chitonidae Chiton tuberculatus Panama F+++ 29mm+ € 3,00 £2,59 $3,51 Caribbean.
    [Show full text]
  • Dynamics of Large Sessile Seabed Fauna, Important for Structural
    Dynamics of large sessile seabed fauna, important for structural fisheries habitat and biodiversity of marine ecosystems – and use of these habitats by key finfish species No. 97/205 Project CSIRO Marine Research C. R. Pitcher T. J. Wassenberg G. P. Smith M. Austin S. R. Gordon R. H. Bustamante C. H. Moeseneder Australian Institute of Marine Science M. C. Cappo P. J. Speare P. J. Doherty Queensland Museum J. A. Kennedy J. N. A. Hooper August 2004 DYNAMICS OF LARGE SESSILE SEABED FAUNA, IMPORTANT FOR STRUCTURAL FISHERIES HABITAT AND BIODIVERSITY OF MARINE ECOSYSTEMS – AND USE OF THESE HABITATS BY KEY FINFISH SPECIES C.R. Pitcher¹, T.J. Wassenberg¹, M.C. Cappo², G.P. Smith¹, M. Austin¹, S.R. Gordon¹, R.H. Bustamante¹, C.H. Moeseneder¹, P.J. Speare², J.A. Kennedy³, P.J. Doherty², J.N.A. Hooper³ 1 2 3 PROJECT No. 97/205 ISBN 1 876 996 77 3 ii National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry: Dynamics of large sessile seabed fauna, important for structural fisheries habitat and biodiversity of marine ecosystems — and use of these habitats by key finfish species. ISBN 1 876996 77 3. 1. Fishery management - Australia. 2. Fish habitat improvement - Australia. 3. Marine sciences - Australia. 4. Marine ecology - Australia. 5. Marine fauna. I. Pitcher, C. R. (Clifford Roland). II. CSIRO Marine Research. III. Fisheries Research & Development Corporation (Australia). 333.9560994 This Report should be cited as: Pitcher, C.R., Wassenberg, T.J., Cappo, M.C., Smith, G.P., Austin, M., Gordon, S.R., Bustamante, R.H., Moeseneder, C.H., Speare, P.J., Kennedy, J.A., Doherty, P.J., Hooper, J.N.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Biodiversity and Spatial Distribution of Molluscs in Tangerang Coastal Waters, Indonesia 1,2Asep Sahidin, 3Yusli Wardiatno, 3Isdradjad Setyobudiandi
    Biodiversity and spatial distribution of molluscs in Tangerang coastal waters, Indonesia 1,2Asep Sahidin, 3Yusli Wardiatno, 3Isdradjad Setyobudiandi 1 Laboratory of Aquatic Resources, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 2 Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia; 3 Department of Aquatic Resources Management, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, IPB University, Bogor, Indonesia. Corresponding author: A. Sahidin, [email protected] Abstract. Tangerang coastal water is considered as a degraded marine ecosystem due to anthropogenic activities such as mangrove conversion, industrial and agriculture waste, and land reclamation. Those activities may affect the marine biodiversity including molluscs which have ecological role as decomposer in bottom waters. The purpose of this study was to describe the biodiversity and distribution of molluscs in coastal waters of Tangerang, Banten Province- Indonesia. Samples were taken from 52 stations from April to August 2014. Sample identification was conducted following the website of World Register of Marine Species and their distribution was analyzed by Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) to elucidate the significant environmental factors affecting the distribution. The research showed 2194 individual of molluscs found divided into 15 species of bivalves and 8 species of gastropods. In terms of number, Lembulus bicuspidatus (Gould, 1845) showed the highest abundance with density of 1100-1517 indv m-2, probably due to its ability to live in extreme conditions such as DO < 0.5 mg L-1. The turbidity and sediment texture seemed to be key parameters in spatial distribution of molluscs. Key Words: bivalve, ecosystem, gastropod, sediment, turbidity. Introduction. Coastal waters are a habitat for various aquatic organisms including macroinvertebrates such as molluscs, crustaceans, polychaeta, olygochaeta and echinodermata.
    [Show full text]
  • Physiological Responses and Scope for Growth in a Marine Scavenging
    ICES Journal of Marine Science ICES Journal of Marine Science (2016), 73(3), 814–824. doi:10.1093/icesjms/fsv208 Contribution to Special Issue: ‘Towards a Broader Perspective on Ocean Acidification Research’ Original Article Physiological responses and scope for growth in a marine Downloaded from https://academic.oup.com/icesjms/article/73/3/814/2458919 by guest on 29 September 2021 scavenging gastropod, Nassarius festivus (Powys, 1835), are affected by salinity and temperature but not by ocean acidification Haoyu Zhang1, Paul K. S. Shin1,2, and Siu Gin Cheung1,2* 1Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China 2State Key Laboratory in Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China *Corresponding author: tel: + 852 34427749; fax: + 852 34420522; e-mail: [email protected] Zhang, H., Shin, P. K. S., and Cheung, S. G. Physiological responses and scope for growth in a marine scavenging gastropod, Nassarius festivus (Powys, 1835), are affected by salinity and temperature but not by ocean acidification. – ICES Journal of Marine Science, 73: 814–824. Received 4 June 2015; revised 17 September 2015; accepted 19 October 2015; advance access publication 11 November 2015. In the past few years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of studies revealing negative or positive effects of ocean acidification on marine organisms including corals, echinoderms, copepods, molluscs, and fish. However, scavenging gastropods have received little attention despite being major players in energy flow, removing carrion, and recycling materials in marine benthic communities. The present study investi- gated the physiological responses (ingestion, absorption rate and efficiency, respiration, and excretion) and scope for growth (SfG) of an intertidal scavenging gastropod, Nassarius festivus, to the combined effects of ocean acidification (pCO2 levels: 380, 950, and 1250 matm), salinity (10 and 30 psu), and temperature (15 and 308C) for 31 d.
    [Show full text]
  • Rapid Biodiversity Assessment of REPUBLIC of NAURU
    RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF REPUBLIC OF NAURU JUNE 2013 NAOERO GO T D'S W I LL FIRS SPREP Library/IRC Cataloguing-in-Publication Data McKenna, Sheila A, Butler, David J and Wheatley, Amanda. Rapid biodiversity assessment of Republic of Nauru / Sheila A. McKeena … [et al.] – Apia, Samoa : SPREP, 2015. 240 p. cm. ISBN: 978-982-04-0516-5 (print) 978-982-04-0515-8 (ecopy) 1. Biodiversity conservation – Nauru. 2. Biodiversity – Assessment – Nauru. 3. Natural resources conservation areas - Nauru. I. McKeena, Sheila A. II. Butler, David J. III. Wheatley, Amanda. IV. Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP) V. Title. 333.959685 © SPREP 2015 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPREP authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPREP and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and / or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme P.O. Box 240, Apia, Samoa. Telephone: + 685 21929, Fax: + 685 20231 www.sprep.org The Pacific environment, sustaining our livelihoods and natural heritage in harmony with our cultures. RAPID BIODIVERSITY ASSESSMENT OF REPUBLIC OF NAURU SHEILA A. MCKENNA, DAVID J. BUTLER, AND AmANDA WHEATLEY (EDITORS) NAOERO GO T D'S W I LL FIRS CONTENTS Organisational Profiles 4 Authors and Participants 6 Acknowledgements
    [Show full text]
  • Shell's Field Guide C.20.1 150 FB.Pdf
    1 C.20.1 Human beings have an innate connection and fascination with the ocean & wildlife, but still we know more about the moon than our Oceans. so it’s a our effort to introduce a small part of second largest phylum “Mollusca”, with illustration of about 600 species / verities Which will quit useful for those, who are passionate and involved with exploring shells. This database made from our personal collection made by us in last 15 years. Also we have introduce website “www.conchology.co.in” where one can find more introduction related to our col- lection, general knowledge of sea life & phylum “Mollusca”. Mehul D. Patel & Hiral M. Patel At.Talodh, Near Water Tank Po.Bilimora - 396321 Dist - Navsari, Gujarat, India [email protected] www.conchology.co.in 2 Table of Contents Hints to Understand illustration 4 Reference Books 5 Mollusca Classification Details 6 Hypothetical view of Gastropoda & Bivalvia 7 Habitat 8 Shell collecting tips 9 Shell Identification Plates 12 Habitat : Sea Class : Bivalvia 12 Class : Cephalopoda 30 Class : Gastropoda 31 Class : Polyplacophora 147 Class : Scaphopoda 147 Habitat : Land Class : Gastropoda 148 Habitat :Freshwater Class : Bivalvia 157 Class : Gastropoda 158 3 Hints to Understand illustration Scientific Name Author Common Name Reference Book Page Serial No. No. 5 as Details shown Average Size Species No. For Internal Ref. Habitat : Sea Image of species From personal Land collection (Not in Scale) Freshwater Page No.8 4 Reference Books Book Name Short Format Used Example Book Front Look p-Plate No.-Species Indian Seashells, by Dr.Apte p-29-16 No.
    [Show full text]
  • Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Toxin-Accumulated Nassariids (Neogastropoda: Nassariidae: Nassarius) and Their Implication for Phylogeny
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Complete Mitochondrial Genomes of Two Toxin-Accumulated Nassariids (Neogastropoda: Nassariidae: Nassarius) and Their Implication for Phylogeny Yi Yang 1, Hongyue Liu 1, Lu Qi 1, Lingfeng Kong 1 and Qi Li 1,2,* 1 Key Laboratory of Mariculture, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; [email protected] (Y.Y.); [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (L.Q.); [email protected] (L.K.) 2 Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, 1 Wenhai Road, Aoshanwei Town, Qingdao 266237, China * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-532-8203-2773 Received: 30 March 2020; Accepted: 12 May 2020; Published: 17 May 2020 Abstract: The Indo-Pacific nassariids (genus Nassarius) possesses the highest diversity within the family Nassariidae. However, the previous shell or radula-based classification of Nassarius is quite confusing due to the homoplasy of certain morphological characteristics. The toxin accumulators Nassarius glans and Nassarius siquijorensis are widely distributed in the subtidal regions of the Indo-Pacific Ocean. In spite of their biological significance, the phylogenetic positions of N. glans and N. siquijorensis are still undetermined. In the present study, the complete mitochondrial genomes of N. glans and N. siquijorensis were sequenced. The present mitochondrial genomes were 15,296 and 15,337 bp in length, respectively, showing negative AT skews and positive GC skews as well as a bias of AT rich on the heavy strand. They contained 13 protein coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and several noncoding regions, and their gene order was identical to most caenogastropods.
    [Show full text]
  • Adec Preview Generated PDF File
    Records of the Western Allstralian Mllselllll Supplement No. 66: 247-291 (2004). Diversity and distribution of subtidal benthic molluscs from the Dampier Archipelago, Western Australia; results of the 1999 dredge survey (DA2/99) John D. Taylor and Emily A. Glover Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, London SW7 5BD, U.K. email: [email protected] [email protected] Abstract - From a dredge survey of the subtidal fauna of the Dampier Archipelago a total of 422 species of macromolluscs was identified, comprising 227 gastropods, 188 bivalves, four scaphopods and three chitons. Most species were uncommon but abundant taxa included the bivalves Melaxinaea vitrea, Corbllla fZlIIlcata and C. crassa and the gastropods Herpetopoma atrata and Xenophora solarioides. Community analysis identified eight molluscan assemblages, reflecting the varied and patchy nature of the substrates that ranged from muds and silts to coarse sands, gravel, rubble and rocks. The most species-rich stations were those located inshore at water depths <10 m. These muddy stations were also notable for the diversity and abundance of suspension-feeding bivalves. Most of the mollusc species identified are distributed widely around tropical Australia and the Indo-West Pacific but a few are endemic to northwestern Australia, including the newly described lucinid bivalve Lamellolllcina pilbara. INTRODUCTION parts of the world. Studies of latitudinal gradients Although the northwestern Australian shelf is of in molluscan diversity usually focus on well­ outstanding biological interest for its suspected high documented continental margins such as the diversity and the relatively high numbers of eastern Pacific coast of North America (Roy, endemic taxa, the subtidal molluscan fauna is Jablonski and Valentine, 2001; Valentine, Roy and poorly known.
    [Show full text]
  • Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region
    Australian Museum Description of Key Species Groups in the East Marine Region Final Report – September 2007 1 Table of Contents Acronyms........................................................................................................................................ 3 List of Images ................................................................................................................................. 4 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................................................... 5 1 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 6 2 Corals (Scleractinia)............................................................................................................ 12 3 Crustacea ............................................................................................................................. 24 4 Demersal Teleost Fish ........................................................................................................ 54 5 Echinodermata..................................................................................................................... 66 6 Marine Snakes ..................................................................................................................... 80 7 Marine Turtles...................................................................................................................... 95 8 Molluscs ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Mollusca of New Caledonia
    Plate 12 Mollusca of New Caledonia Philippe BOUCHET, Virginie HEROS, Philippe MAESTRATI, Pierre LOZOUET, Rudo von COSEL, Delphine BRABANT Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris malaco@mnhnJr The first record of a land mollusc (Placostylus fibratus (Martyn, 1784» from New Caledonia can unequivocally be traced to the voyage of Cook that discovered the island in 1774. By contrast, the marine molluscs of New Caledonia ironically remained out of reach to European natural history cab­ inets until well into the 19th century. New Caledonia remained untouched by the circumnavigating expeditions of the 1830-1840s onboard, e.g., the "Astrolabe", the "Zelee" or the "Uranie". Seashells may have been collected in New Caledonia by whalers and other merchants in search of sandalwood or beche-de-mer, and then traded, but by the time they reached European conchologists, all indica­ tion of their geographical origin had faded away. It is impossible to tell whether Indo-West Pacific species originally described from localities such as "Mers du Sud" or "Southern Seas" were original­ ly collected in, e.g., Fiji, Tahiti, Australia or New Caledonia. However, even ifNew Caledonian shells may have arrived on the European market or in cabinets, it must have been in very small amount, as such an emblematic species of the New Caledonia molluscan fauna as Nautilus macromphalus was not named until 1859. In fact, it was not until Xavier Montrouzier set foot in New Caledonia that the island was placed on the map of marine conchology. From there on, three major periods can be rec­ ognized in the history of New Caledonia marine malacology.
    [Show full text]
  • FAVORITE OPERCULUM by BUNNIE COOK*
    VOL. XXXVI NO.7 JULY. 1988 NEW SERIES343 FAVORITE OPERCULUM By BUNNIE COOK* One of the first live shells I found in Hawaii many years ago was Nassarius gaudiosus (Hinds, 1844), known then as Nassarius reeveanus (Dunker). I found it during an HMS field trip in a shallow-watertide pool. Although I was fascinatedby the lovely shell and the active animal, it was the operculum that caught my eye - a blood-red arrow dominated the shiny appendageto the foot. I guessthis is why I learned to save opercula right from the start. I was thrilled to find this shell again in April 1987 on the Hawaiian island of Maui. The operculumis still my favorite - a red arrow! Nassarius gaudiosus (Hinds, 1844) from Maui Island, Hawaii. Photos: Burch [E. Alison Kay states in Hawaiian Marine Shells that' 'these nassaridsare common in sandy tide pools and shorewardon fringing reefs." It is interesting, therefore, that long-time HMS collectors Bunnie Cook only collected six, Wes Thorsson eight, and Ray McKinsey six specimens, while Keith Zeilenger, Lyman Higa, Andy Butler and Andy Adams have not collected any. Olive Schoenbergreports, however, that twenty years ago they were common at the boat landing at the Hawaiian Village Hotel in Waikiki. In this connection I wish to thank Dr. Allen Allison, Chairman of the ZoologyDepartment, Bernice P. BishopMuseum in Honoluluwho gave me permission to examine the Museum's shell collection. It has 30 sets of Nas- sarius gaudiosus from throughout the Hawaiian Archipelago all of which were collected in the 1920's and 1930's. These included one set of forty specimens Operculum of Nassarius gaudiosus showing the red arrow.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Body Size on the Energetic Physiology of the West Indian Top Shell Cittarium Pica (Linnaeus, 1758)
    Latin American Journal of Aquatic Research, 47(2): 251Energetic-259, 201 9physiology of Cittarium pica 251 DOI: 10.3856/vol47-issue2-fulltext-5 Research Article Effect of body size on the energetic physiology of the West Indian top shell Cittarium pica (Linnaeus, 1758) Luz A. Velasco1, Angélica Carreño-Aguirre1 & Beatríz Toro2 1Laboratorio de Moluscos y Microalgas, Universidad del Magdalena, Santa Marta, Colombia 2Department of Biological Sciences, Universidad de Caldas, Manizales, Colombia Corresponding author: Luz A. Velasco ([email protected]) ABSTRACT. Cittarium pica is an endangered Caribbean gastropod of ecological and economic importance. In order to provide the basis for the aquaculture development and/or population management of this species, the relationships among its body size and physiological variables associated with the energetic balance were assessed. Individual measurements of rates of egestion (ER), ingestion (IR), absorption (AR), oxygen consumption (OCR), ammonia excretion (UR), mucus production (MR), absorption efficiency (AE) and scope for growth (SFG), were carried out on specimens between 0.01 and 12.07 g of dry weight of the soft parts (DW) under controlled laboratory conditions. Most of the variables showed positive potential relationships with the DW of the animals (ER mg h-1 = 1.51 DW0.37, IR mg h-1 = 0.32 0.30 -1 0.74 -1 0.78 4.13 DW , AR = 2.56 DW , OCR mL O2 h = 0.38 DW , UR µg NH4 -N h = 19.17 DW , MR mg h-1 = 1.28 DW0.14 and SFG = 36.92 DW0.22). AE did not show any relationship with this variable. The large snails had faster input and output of energy compared to the small specimens, also having proportionally greater energetic expenditures, mucus production, and energetic balance.
    [Show full text]