DOCSLIB.ORG

9781402036439.Pdf

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
9781402036439.Pdf THE MULTINATIONAL HISTORY OF STRASBOURG ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY ASTROPHYSICS AND SPACE SCIENCE LIBRARY VOLUME 330 EDITORIALBOARD Chairman W.B. BURTON, National Radio Astronomy Observatory, Charlottesville, Virginia, U.S.A. (bburton@nrao.edu); University of Leiden, The Netherlands (burton@strw.leidenuniv.nl) Executive Committee J. M. E. KUIJPERS, University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands E. P. J. VAN DEN HEUVEL, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands H. VAN DER LAAN, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands MEMBERS J. N. BAHCALL, The Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, U.S.A. F. BERTOLA, University of Padua, Italy J. P. CASSINELLI, University of Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A. C. J. CESARSKY, European Southern Observatory, Garching bei München, Germany O. ENGVOLD, University of Oslo, Norway A. HECK, Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, France R. McCRAY, University of Colorado, Boulder, U.S.A. P. G. MURDIN, Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, U.K. F. PACINI, Istituto Astronomia Arcetri, Firenze, Italy V. RADHAKRISHNAN, Raman Research Institute, Bangalore, India K. SATO, School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan F. H. SHU, University of California, Berkeley, U.S.A. B. V. SOMOV, Astronomical Institute, Moscow State University, Russia R. A. SUNYAEV, Space Research Institute, Moscow, Russia Y. TANAKA, Institute of Space & Astronautical Science, Kanagawa, Japan S. TREMAINE, Princeton University, U.S.A. N. O. WEISS, University of Cambridge, U.K. THE MULTINATIONAL HISTORY OF STRASBOURG ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY Edited by ANDRÉ H CK Observatoire Astronomique, Strasbourg, France A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress. ISBN 10 1-4020-3643-4 (HB) ISBN 13 978-1-4020-3643-9 (HB) ISBN 10 1-4020-3644-2 (e-book) ISBN 13 978-1-4020-3644-6 (e-book) Published by Springer, P.O. Box 17, 3300 AA Dordrecht, The Netherlands. www.springeronline.com Printed on acid-free paper All Rights Reserved © 2005 Springer No part of this work may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher, with the exception of any material supplied specifically for the purpose of being entered and executed on a computer system, for exclusive use by the purchaser of the work. Printed in the Netherlands. Table of contents • Foreword vii • StrasbourgAstronomical Observatory and its Multinational History (A. Heck/Strasbourg Obs.) 1 • Strasbourg Observatory in German Times (G. Wolfschmidt/Univ. Hamburg) 63 • The Observatory of the Kaiser-Wilhelm University: The People Behind the Documents (H.W. Duerbeck/VUB) 89 • Strasbourg Observatory in World War II (H.W. Duerbeck/VUB) 123 • Strasbourg Observatory: A Breeding Place for French Astronomical Instrumentation in the 20th Century 133 (S. D´ebarbat/Obs. Paris) • Walter F. Wislicenus and Modern Astronomical Bibliography (H.W. Duerbeck/VUB) 153 • The Nebular Research of Carl Wirtz (H.W. Duerbeck/VUB & W.C. Seitter/Univ. Muenster) 167 • Paul Muller (1910-2000) (P. Bacchus/Univ. Lille) 189 • Vistas into the CDSGenesis (A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 191 • The Stellar Data Center: Origins and Early Beginnings (1972-1974) (J. Jung/Thales) 211 vi • The Hipparcos Project at Strasbourg Observatory (J. Kovalevsky/Obs. Cˆˆote d’Azur) 215 • Strasbourg Observatory and the Astronomische Gesellschaft (W. Seggewiss/Univ.-Sternw. Bonn) 221 • Strasbourg Observatory, Astronomical Phenomena and the Regional Press (W. Bodenmuller/DNA & A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 227 • The Coronelli Globe of Strasbourg Observatory (A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 245 • Strasbourg Green Rays (A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 255 • Strasbourg Observatory Council Members (A. Heck & Ch. Bruneau/Obs. Strasbourg) 263 • CDSCouncil Members (Ch. Bruneau & A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 271 • Strasbourg Observatory Scientific Personnel (B. Traut, A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg & H.W. Duerbeck/VUB) 277 • Strasbourg Observatory Institutional Publications (Ph. Vonflie & A. Heck/Obs. Strasbourg) 293 FOREWORD Strasbourg Observatory is quite an interesting place for historians: sev- eral changes of nationality, high-profile scientists having been based there, big projects born (Hipparcos) or installed in its walls (CDS), and so on. Most of the documents circulating on the history of the observatory and on related matters have however been so far poorly referenced, if at all. Occasionally some elements are definitely wrong, such as even the founder’s name in a recently printed leaflet. As it can be expected, such errors are unfortunately carried over in all kinds of publications copying each other. This made necessary the compilation of a volume such as this one, offering fully-documented historical facts and references on the first decades of the Observatory history – until roughly the directorship of Lacroute. The book starts with an introductory chapter by the Editor, followed by two contributions, by Wolfschmidt and by Duerbeck respectively, dealing extensively with the German periods and reviewing people and instrumen- tation, while another paper by Duerbeck is more specifically devoted to World War II times. The subsequent chapter by D´´ebarbat describes the development of astronomical instrumentation at Strasbourg Observatory during theFrench periodbetween World Wars. Next, three contributions are devoted to specific astronomers: by Duer- beck on Wislicenus, by Duerbeck & Seitter on Wirtz, and by Bacchus on Muller. Switching to big projects, two chapters by Heck and Jung deal with the genesis and the first years of the Stellar Data Center (CDS) installed at Strasbourg Observatory, while Kovalevsky recalls that the Hipparcos Spacecraft was born there. Then Seggewiss reminds the links of the Observatory with the As- tronomische Gesellschaft, starting with the inauguration of the place. Fol- low a discussion by Bodenmuller & Heck of the visibility of the Observatory in the regional press around the beginning of the 20th century and two notes by Heck on respectively the Coronelli globe of the Observatory and Danjon & Rougier’s first spectroscopic studies of the green flash from Strasbourg. viii Several appendices conclude the book: lists of Observatory Council members (Heck & Bruneau), of CDS Council members (Bruneau & Heck) and of Observatory scientific personnel (Traut, Heck & Duerbeck),aswell as of the institutional publications (Vonflie & Heck) until Year 2000. The Editor acknowledges the assistance of all people who helped him putting this book together, in a way or another, and in particular of Mmes & Messrs. P. Abraham, P. Bacchus, M. Barnoud, S. Bengel, W. Bodenmuller, B. Brejon de Lavergn´´ee,Ch.Bruneau,D.Carita,G.Chester,B.Corbin, N. Cramer, S. D´ebarbat, W. Dick, P. Ditz, Chr. Douy``ere-Demeulenaere, P. Dubois, H.W. Duerbeck, A. Fresneau, J. Garnier, Fl. Greffe, M. Haller, M. Hamm, R. Hellot, E. Høg, J. Jung, Th.Keller, J. Kovalevsky, J. Kraut- ter, D. Kuute-Puers, Fr. & J.M. Lacroute, S. Langenbacher, J. Levy, L. Lu- des, L. Maison, J. Manfroid, J. Marcout, B. Moya, Ch. Muller, F. Ochsen- bein, H. Richard, C. Schohn, E. Schweitzer, W. Seggewiss, W.C. Seit- ter, M. Sessa, I. Tomdus-McLotte, B. Traut, C. Turon, M. & Ph. V´eron, Ph. Vonflie, F. Woelfel,G.Wolfschmidt, as well as the archivists of the Acad´emie des Sciences de l’Institut de France. Finally, it is a very pleasant duty to pay tribute here to thevarious peopleat Kluwer Academic Publishers who have enthusiastically supported this volume. The Editor ‘La Cruz Verde’ March 2005. STRASBOURG ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY AND ITS MULTINATIONAL HISTORY A.HECK Observatoire Astronomique 11, rue de l’Universit´ F-67000 Strasbourg,France heck@astro.u-strasbg.fr Abstract. StrasbourgAstronomical Observatory changed nationality sev- eral times since its foundation in the 19th century. This chapter outlines the observatory history over roughly a century and introduces the direc- tors together with a few high-profile scientists having been based there or associated with the institution during that time. The major instruments are presented as well as several big projects born (Hipparcos) or installed (CDS) in the observatory. Pointers are provided towards other chapters of the book. 1. Introduct ion Strasbourg Observatory is quite an interesting place for historians: several changes of nationality, high-profile scientists having been based there, big projects born or installed in its walls, and so on. Most of the documents circulating on the history of the observatory and on related matters have been so far poorly referenced, if at all. Oc- casionally some elements are definitely wrong, such as even the founder’s name in a recently printed leaflet. As it can be expected, such errors are unfortunately carried over in all kinds of publications copying each other. This made necessary the compilation of a volume such as this one, offering fully-documented historical facts and references. Sect. 2 of the present chapter recalls a few pecularities of Alsace, that region that switched borders several times in three quarters of a century. If it is French today, life there is not quite the same as in the rest of France – something surprizing in a country where centralization and uniformization 1 A. Heck (ed.), The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory, 1–61. © 2005 Springer. Printed in the Netherlands. 2 A.HECK have been the rule for so long. The founding of the observatory is then introduced together with its main features. Sect. 3 is devoted to a gallery of portraits
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Ocabulary of Definitions : P
    Service bibliothèque Catalogue historique de la bibliothèque de l’Observatoire de Nice Source : Monographie de l’Observatoire de Nice / Charles Garnier, 1892. Marc Heller © Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur Février 2012 Présentation << On trouve… à l’Ouest … la bibliothèque avec ses six mille deux cents volumes et ses trentes journaux ou recueils périodiques…. >> (Façade principale de la Bibliothèque / Phot. attribuée à Michaud A. – 188? - Marc Heller © Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur) C’est en ces termes qu’Henri Joseph Anastase Perrotin décrivait la bibliothèque de l’Observatoire de Nice en 1899 dans l’introduction du tome 1 des Annales de l’Observatoire de Nice 1. Un catalogue des revues et ouvrages 2 classé par ordre alphabétique d’auteurs et de lieux décrivait le fonds historique de la bibliothèque. 1 Introduction, Annales de l’Observatoire de Nice publiés sous les auspices du Bureau des longitudes par M. Perrotin. Paris,Gauthier-Villars,1899, Tome 1,p. XIV 2 Catalogue de la bibliothèque, Annales de l’Observatoire de Nice publiés sous les auspices du Bureau des longitudes par M. Perrotin. Paris,Gauthier-Villars,1899, Tome 1,p. 1 Le présent document est une version remaniée, complétée et enrichie de ce catalogue. (Bibliothèque, vue de l’intérieur par le photogr. Jean Giletta, 191?. - Marc Heller © Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur) Chaque référence est reproduite à l’identique. Elle est complétée par une notice bibliographique et éventuellement par un lien électronique sur la version numérisée. Les titres et documents non encore identifiés sont signalés en italique. Un index des auteurs et des titres de revues termine le document.
    [Show full text]
  • Inhaltsverzeichnis
    Nachlass EDUARD SCHÖNFELD (1828-1891) Inhaltsverzeichnis Bearbeitet von Anne Hoffsümmer und Lea Korb Bonn, 2017 – 2018 zuletzt aktualisiert am 09.09.2020 Eduard Schönfeld wurde am 22.12.1828 in Hildburghausen geboren, wo er bis zu seinem Abitur 1847 die Schule besuchte. Er war Kind einer jüdischen Familie, trat jedoch nach seinem Schulabschluss dem evangelischen Glauben bei. Auf Anraten seines Vaters studierte Schönfeld zunächst Bauwesen, entschied sich aber nach kurzer Zeit für die Naturwissenschaften und begann, in Marburg bei dem Gauß-Schüler Christian Ludwig Gerling unter anderem Astronomie zu studieren. Nachdem Schönfeld auf einer Reise nach Bonn Bekanntschaft mit Friedrich Wilhelm August Argelander gemacht hatte, entschloss er sich, das Studium der Astronomie 1852 in Bonn fortzusetzen. Dort erhielt er schon ein Jahr später eine Stelle als Assistent, durch die er die Möglichkeit erhielt, gemeinsam mit Adalbert Krüger an der bekannten „Bonner Durchmusterung“, Argelanders großem Projekt, mitzuwirken. Mit einer Abhandlung über die Bahnelemente des Kleinplaneten Thetis promovierte Schönfeld 1854. Seine Habilitation folgte drei Jahre später. Eduard Schönfeld zog 1859 nach Mannheim, um dort die Stelle als Direktor der Mannheimer Sternwarte anzutreten. In der Mannheimer Zeit widmete er sich unter anderem der Bestimmung der Positionen von Nebelflecken mithilfe des Ringmikrometer. Eduard Schönfeld war Mitbegründer und Vorstandsmitglied der Astronomischen Gesellschaft sowie lange Jahre ihr Schriftführer und Herausgeber der Vierteljahrsschrift. Nach Argelanders Tod im Jahr 1875 übernahm Schönfeld dessen Stelle als Direktor der Bonner Sternwarte und ergänzte die Arbeit zur Bonner Durchmusterung, indem er die Bereiche -2°- -23° der südlichen Deklination erforschte. 1883 wurde er Geheimer Regierungsrat und war 1887/88 Rektor der Universität Bonn.
    [Show full text]
  • Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft
    Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft Head-office: Kaiserplatz, 60261 Frankfurt am Main, Germany German Stock Corporation Registered Share Capital: EUR 1.556.326.015,40 Commercial Registry Number: HRB 32 000 ANNUAL REPORT 2004 INDEX SECTION 1 ANNUAL REPORT ...............................................................................................................................................1 BALANCE SHEET.............................................................................................................................................95 STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY .................................................................................................................96 CHANGES IN MINORITY INTERESTS ....................................................................................................................97 CASH FLOW STATEMENT .................................................................................................................................98 NOTES..........................................................................................................................................................100 AUDITOR’S REPORT ......................................................................................................................................183 SUPERVISORY BOARD REPORT......................................................................................................................184 SECTION 2 INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS OF COMMERZBANK AG...............................................................................................223
    [Show full text]
  • Sternwarte Online.Pdf (4.371Mb)
    Klaus Beuermann (Hg.) Grundsätze über die Anlage neuer Sternwarten Georg Heinrich Borheck Erschienen im Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2005 Klaus Beuermann (Hg.) Grundsätze über die Anlage neuer Sternwarten unter Beziehung auf die Sternwarte der Universität Göttingen von Georg Heinrich Borheck Mit einem Geleitwort des Präsidenten der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Kurt von Figura und Beiträgen von David Aubin, Klaus Beuermann, Robert Förster, Christian Freigang und Nicolaas Rupke, Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2005 Bibliografische Information der Deutschen Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.ddb.de> abrufbar. © Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2005 Bearbeitet von der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen Abbildungsnachweis: Universitäts-Sternwarte Göttingen: 6, 7, 8, 10, 15, 16, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34. K. Reinsch, Universitäts-Sternwarte: 1, 9, 11, 12, 13, 25. R. Förster: 17, 18, 19. Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen: 4, 5, 23. Privatbesitz: 2, 3, 14. Digitalisierungen: Göttinger Digitalisierungszentrum an der Niedersächsischen Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen Umschlaggestaltung: Margo Bargheer Satz und Layout: Universitätsverlag Göttingen ISBN 3-938616-02-4 Inhaltsverzeichnis Kurt von Figura Geleitwort des Präsidenten ......................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Karl Schwarzschild (1873-1916) Klaus Reinsch Und Axel D
    arl Schwarzschild (1873–1916) gilt weltweit als einer der begabtesten und bedeutendsten Astronomen aller Zeiten und als Mitbegründer der Astrophysik.K Geboren in Frankfurt am Main, wirkte er von 1901 bis 1909 Karl Schwarzschild als Professor für Astronomie und Direktor der Sternwarte in Göttingen (1873-1916) und von 1909 bis 1916 als Direktor des Astrophysikalischen Observato- riums in Potsdam. Im Laufe seines allzu kurzen Lebens veröffentlichte Schwarzschild etwa Ein Pionier und Wegbereiter 150 wissenschaftliche Arbeiten, viele davon von fundamentaler Bedeu- tung für die Entwicklung der Astronomie und Astrophysik. der Astrophysik Aus Anlass seines 100. Todestages fand am 19. Mai 2016 in einer sei- ner früheren Wirkungsstätten, der heutigen Historischen Sternwarte in Herausgegeben von Klaus Reinsch Göttingen, ein Gedenk-Kolloquium statt. Die schriftlichen Fassungen der dabei gehaltenen Vorträge sind, ergänzt um einen am 8. September und Axel D. Wittmann 2016 anlässlich der Eröffnung der Schwarzschild-Ausstellung in der Fakultät für Physik gehaltenen Vortrag, im vorliegenden Band abgedruckt. Klaus Reinsch und Axel D. Wittmann (Hg.) Karl Schwarzschild (1873-1916) Klaus Reinsch und Axel D. Wittmann (Hg.) Karl Schwarzschild ISBN: 978-3-86395-295-2 Universitätsverlag Göttingen Universitätsverlag Göttingen Klaus Reinsch und Axel D. Wittmann (Hg.) Karl Schwarzschild (1873-1916) Dieses Werk ist lizenziert unter einer Creative Commons Namensnennung - Weitergabe unter gleichen Bedingungen 4.0 International Lizenz. erschienen im Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2017 Klaus Reinsch und Axel D. Wittmann (Hg.) Karl Schwarzschild (1873-1916) Ein Pionier und Wegbereiter der Astrophysik Universitätsverlag Göttingen 2017 Bibliographische Information der Deutschen Nationalbibliothek Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliographie; detaillierte bibliographische Daten sind im Internet über <http://dnb.dnb.de> abrufbar.
    [Show full text]
  • Supervisory Board
    187 supervisory board Dr. Walter Seipp Daniel Hampel*) Dr. Erhard Schipporeit Honorary Chairman Commerzbank AG Member of the Board of Frankfurt am Main Berlin Managing Directors E.ON Aktiengesellschaft Dr. h.c. Martin Kohlhaussen Dr.-Ing. Otto Happel Düsseldorf Chairman Manager Frankfurt am Main Luserve AG Prof. Dr.-Ing. Lucerne Dr. h.c. Ekkehard Schulz Uwe Tschäge*) Chairman Deputy Chairman Dr. jur. Heiner Hasford ThyssenKrupp AG Commerzbank AG Member of the Board of Düsseldorf Düsseldorf Managing Directors Münchener Rückversicherungs- Prof. Dr. Jürgen F.Strube Hans-Hermann Altenschmidt*) Gesellschaft AG Chairman Commerzbank AG Munich Supervisory Board Essen BASF Aktiengesellschaft Sonja Kasischke*) Ludwigshafen Dott. Sergio Balbinot Commerzbank AG Managing Director Brunswick Dr. Klaus Sturany Assicurazioni Generali S.p.A. Member of the Board of Trieste Wolfgang Kirsch*) Managing Directors Commerzbank AG RWE Aktiengesellschaft Herbert Bludau-Hoffmann*) Frankfurt am Main Essen Trade Union Secretary Financial Services Werner Malkhoff*) Dr.-Ing. E.h. Heinrich Weiss North Rhine-Westphalia Commerzbank AG Chairman ver.di Essen Branch Frankfurt am Main SMS GmbH Essen Düsseldorf Klaus Müller-Gebel Astrid Evers*) Lawyer Commerzbank AG Frankfurt am Main Hamburg Dr. Sabine Reiner*) Uwe Foullong*) Trade Union Specialist Member of the Economic Policy ver.di National Executive ver.di National Administration Committee Berlin Berlin *) elected by the Bank’s employees 188 Committees of the supervisory board Presiding Committee Dr. h.c. Martin Kohlhaussen, Chairman Werner Malkhoff Prof. Dr. Jürgen F. Strube Uwe Tschäge Audit Committee Klaus Müller-Gebel, Chairman Hans-Hermann Altenschmidt Dott. Sergio Balbinot Dr.-Ing. Otto Happel Wolfgang Kirsch Risk Committee Dr. h.c. Martin Kohlhaussen, Chairman Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Aperçu Du Fonds Ancien Imprimé En Astronomie Au SCD Sciences Uds–ULP Strasbourg
    Aperçu du fonds ancien imprimé en astronomie au SCD Sciences UdS–ULP Strasbourg Avis sur les priorités de numérisation Denis Roegel ∗ 3 avril 2013 (première version : février 2010) Sommaire 1 Introduction 2 2 Ouvrages examinés 2 2.1 Grands formats . 2 2.2 Moyens formats . 3 3 Ouvrages non vus 6 3.1 Grands formats . 6 3.2 Moyens formats . 7 3.3 Petits formats . 21 4 Thèmes de l’astronomie ancienne 51 5 Priorités pour la numérisation 54 6 Conclusions et recommandations 56 ∗LORIA & Université de Lorraine, roegel@loria.fr. 1 1 Introduction Ce document donne un aperçu représentatif du fonds ancien 1 imprimé 2 en astrono- mie 3 de la bibliothèque de sciences de l’UdS-ULP. Les listes ont été établies en 2009–2010 par consultation directe des ouvrages dans les magasins (avec Mme Nicole Heyd), ou par des sondages dans le catalogue en ligne 4. Même si des ouvrages importants ont sans aucun doute été oubliés, il est dès à présent clair que le fonds de la bibliothèque est très riche pour l’astronomie et la majorité des ouvrages fondamentaux sont présents. Il est donc essentiel de mettre en valeur ce fonds par une politique intelligente et efficace prenant en compte les spécificités et moyens limités de la numérisation de la bibliothèque. Dans ce qui suit, les ouvrages sont classés par cote 5. Du fait de titres tronqués que nous n’avons pas toujours pu vérifier, il peut y avoir quelques coquilles dans les listes. D’autre part, les documents déjà numérisés par la bibliothèque sont marqués du signe .
    [Show full text]
  • Highlights of Commerzbank Group
    annual report 2003 highlights of Commerzbank group 2003 2002 Income statement Operating profit (7 m) 559 192 Operating profit per share (7) 1.03 0.36 Pre-tax profit (7 m) –1,980 –372 Net loss (7 m) –2,320 –298 Net loss per share (7) –4.26 –0.56 Operative return on equity (%) 4.9 1.6 Cost/income ratio in operative business (%) 73.3 77.3 Pre-tax return on equity (%) –17.4 –3.1 31.12.2003 31.12.2002 Balance sheet Balance-sheet total (7 bn) 381.6 422.1 Risk-weighted assets according to BIS (7 bn) 140.8 160.2 Equity as shown in balance sheet (7 bn) 9.1 8.8 Own funds as shown in balance sheet (7 bn) 18.7 19.3 BIS capital ratios Core capital ratio, excluding market-risk position (%) 7.6 7.5 Core capital ratio, including market-risk position (%) 7.3 7.3 Own funds ratio (%) 13.0 12.3 Commerzbank share Number of shares issued (million units) 597.9 542.2 Share price (7, 1.1.–31.12.) high 17.58 21.29 low 5.33 5.04 Book value per share*) (7) 17.37 18.98 Market capitalization (7 bn) 9.3 4.0 Customers 6,840,000 6,039,000 Staff Germany 25,426 28,603 Abroad 6,951 7,963 Total 32,377 36,566 Short/long-term rating Moody’s Investors Service, New York P-1/A2 P-1/A2 Standard & Poor’s, New York A-2/A- A-2/A- Fitch Ratings, London F2/A- F2/A- *) excluding cash flow hedges structure of commerzbank group Board of Managing Directors Corporate Divisions Group Retail Banking and Corporate and Services Group companies and major holdings Management Asset Management Investment Banking Staff Banking Service ● Hypothekenbank in ● COMINVEST Asset ● BRE Bank SA ● Commerz Business Management GmbH departments departments departments Essen AG ● Commerzbank Consulting AG ● ADIG-Investment (Budapest) Rt.
    [Show full text]
  • Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory and Its Multinational History
    The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory (c) Springer 2005 STRASBOURG ASTRONOMICAL OBSERVATORY AND ITS MULTINATIONAL HISTORY A. HECK Observatoire Astronomique 11, rue de l’Universit´e F-67000 Strasbourg, France heck@astro.u-strasbg.fr Abstract. Strasbourg Astronomical Observatory changed nationality sev- eral times since its foundation in the 19th century. This paper1 outlines the observatory history over roughly a century and introduces the direc- tors together with a few high-profile scientists having been based there or associated with the institution during that time. The major instruments are presented as well as several big projects born (Hipparcos) or installed (CDS) in the observatory. 1. Introduction Strasbourg Observatory is quite an interesting place for historians: several changes of nationality, high-profile scientists having been based there, big projects born or installed in its walls, and so on. Most of the documents circulating on the history of the observatory and on related matters have been so far poorly referenced, if at all. Occasionally some elements are definitely wrong, such as even the founder’s name in a recently printed leaflet. As it can be expected, such errors are unfortunately carried over in all kinds of publications copying each other. This made necessary the compilation of a dedicated volume (Heck 2005a), offering fully-documented historical facts and references. Sect. 2 of the present paper recalls a few pecularities of Alsace, that region that switched borders several times in three quarters of a century. If 1Introductory chapter to the book The Multinational History of Strasbourg Astronom- ical Observatory (Ed. A. Heck, c 2005 Springer, ISBN 1-4020-3643-4), slightly edited to make the text self-standing in this reprint.
    [Show full text]
  • Cover De Fax U&M
    Commerzbank Aktiengesellschaft Head-office: Kaiserplatz, 60261 Frankfurt am Main, Germany German Public Limited Liability Company Registered Share Capital: EUR 1,707,712,648.20 Commercial Registry Number: HRB 32.000 ANNUAL REPORT 2005 INDEX 1. ANNUAL REPORT 3 2. INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTS OF COMMERZBANK AG 238 3. EXTRACT FROM THE MINUTES OF COMMERZBANK GENERAL MEETING OF MAY17, 2006 308 4. INFORMATION ON COMPANIES WITH SHAREHOLDING INTERESTS ON THE ISSUER 312 1. ANNUAL REPORT ‡ annual report 2005 ‡ commerzbank group ‡ ideas ahead ‡ / www.commerzbank.com / highlights of Commerzbank group 2005 2004 Income statement Operating profit (€ m) 1,717 1,011 Operating profit per share (€) 2.84 1.70 Pre-tax profit (€ m) 1,680 796 Consolidated surplus (€ m) 1,165 362 Earnings per share (€) 1.93 0.61 Operating return on equity (%) 16.8 9.9 Cost/income ratio in operating business (%) 67.1 70.9 Return on equity of consolidated surplus (%) 12.4 4.0 31.12.2005 31.12.2004 Balance sheet Balance-sheet total (€ bn) 444.9 424.9 Risk-weighted assets according to BIS (€ bn) 149.7 139.7 Equity (€ bn) as shown in balance sheet 13.7 11.0 Own funds (€ bn) as shown in balance sheet 21.8 19.9 BIS capital ratios Core capital ratio, excluding market-risk position (%) 8.3 7.8 Core capital ratio, including market-risk position (%) 8.1 7.5 Own funds ratio (%) 12.5 12.6 Commerzbank share Number of shares issued (million units) 656.8 598.6 Share price (€, 1.1.–31.12.) high 27.06 16.49 low 15.17 12.65 Book value per share1) (€) 21.00 18.45 Market capitalization (€ bn) 17.1 9.1 Customers 8,175,000 7,880,000 Staff Germany 25,304 25,417 Abroad 7,752 7,403 Total 33,056 32,820 Short/long-term rating Moody’s Investors Service, New York P-1/A2 P-1/A2 Standard & Poor’s, New York A-2/A- A-2/A- Fitch Ratings, London F2/A- 2) F2/A- 1) excluding cash flow hedges; 2) raised to F1/A in February 2006.
    [Show full text]
  • Some Notes on Leaves of Memory, the Autobiography of Hermann Kobold
    2004: The Journal of Astronomical Data 10, 5A. c R. Vollmer et al. Some notes on Leaves of Memory, the autobiography of Hermann Kobold Reinhart Vollmer (1), Hildegard Vollmer (1) and Hilmar W. Duerbeck (2) (1) D-24161 Altenholz, Germany (2) Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussel, Belgium Received 22 November 2004; accepted 18 December 2004 Abstract We briefly describe the life of the astronomer Hermann Kobold, who lived from 1858 to 1942. He worked at the observatories of O’Gyalla, Strasbourg and Kiel, and was also involved in the observations and reductions of the German Venus transit project, 1874/82. His autobiography spans the time between his youth and his leave from Strasbourg in 1902. The subsequent time as observer and professor in Kiel and long-time editor of the Astronomische Nachrichten is not covered. The autobiography Bl¨atterder Erinnerung (Leaves of Memory), presented in the subsequent article, was written in his late age when he was already blind, using a special device. We also present some photographs of Kobold and his contemporaries, taken in G¨ottingen,O’Gyalla, Aiken (South Carolina), and Strasbourg. 1 Introduction Autobiographies of astronomers are scarce, and each one should be regarded with special interest. Such autobiographies permit a glimpse not only into the life of the author, but also into the “inner life” of an institution, while annual reports just tell about astronomical activities and achievements, and about the arrival and departure of personnel. In official documents, the reasons behind failed projects, movements of personnel, promotions and un- successful attempts often remain unexplained.
    [Show full text]
  • Dudley Holdings Arranged by Main Entry 12/23/03 Deutsche Akademie
    Dudley Holdings Arranged by Main Entry 12/23/03 Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. CATALOGUE ZU DEN 24 STUDEN DER AKADEMISCHEN STERNKARTEN FUR 150 SUDLICHER BIS 150 NORDLICHER ABWEICHUNG BEARB. VON VERSCHIEDENEN ASTRONOMEN / HRSG. VON DER K. AKADEMIE. Berlin : Gedruckt in der Druckerei der K. Akademie.., in commission in F. Dummler's Verlags-Buchhandlung, 1859. QB65 .A22 1859. Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin. GESCHICHTE DES FIXSTERNHIMMELS ; ENTHALTEND DIE STERNORTER DER KATALOGE DES 18. UND 19. JAHRHUNDERTS / HERAUSGEGEBEN VON DER PREUSSISCHEN AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN. Karlsruhe : G. Braun, 1922- QB6 .P7. DeVorkin, David H., 1944- THE HISTORY OF MODERN ASTRONOMY AND ASTROPHYSICS : A SELECTED, ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY / DAVID H. DEVORKIN. New York : Garland, 1982. QB 15.D48 1982. Dick, Thomas, 1774-1857. THE SOLAR SYSTEM. London : Religious Tract Society ; Philadelphia : American Sunday- School Union, 1846. Dicke, Robert H. (Robert Henry) GRAVITATION AND THE UNIVERSE [BY] ROBERT H. DICKE. Philadelphia, American Philosophical Society, 1970. QC178.D5. Dickson, Leonard Eugene, 1874-1954. MODERN ALGEBRAIC THEORIES, BY LEONARD E. DICKSON. Chicago, New York [etc.] B. H. Sanborn & co., 1930. QA 154 D5. A DICTIONARY OF ASTRONOMY / EDITED BY IAN RIDPATH. Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 1997. QB14 .D52 1997. DICTIONARY OF PHYSICS AND MATHEMATICS ABBREVIATIONS, SIGNS, AND SYMBOLS. EDITOR: DAVID D. POLON. MANAGING EDITOR: HERBERT W. REICH. PROJECT DIRECTOR : MARJORIE B. WITTY. New York, Odyssey Press [c1965]. REF QC5.D55. DICTIONARY OF THE HISTORY OF SCIENCE / EDITED BY W.F. BYNUM, E.J. BROWNE, ROY PORTER. Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, c1981. REF Q125.B98. Dienes, G. J. (George Julian), 1918- STUDIES IN RADIATION EFFECTS.
    [Show full text]