Copyrighted Material
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Day Hikes EXPERIENCE YOUR AMERICA Trails Map
TUTUILA ISLAND Please Note: The colored circles with numbers refer to the trail location on the backside map. Easy Moderate Challenging 1 Pola Island Trail 2 Lower Sauma Ridge Trail 4 Le’ala Shoreline Trail Blunts and Breakers Point Trails 8 World War II Heritage Trail 10 Mount ‘Alava Adventure Trail This interpretive trail takes you to an archeological site Hike past multiple World War II installations that helped This challenging loop trail takes you along ridgelines This short, fairly flat trail leads to a rough and rocky This trail is located outside of the national park, on These trails are located outside of the national park. beach with views of the coastline and Pola Island. of an ancient star mound. Along the trail are exhibits private land, and provides access to the Le’ala Shoreline protect American Samoa from a Japanese invasion. with views of the north and central parts of the National Natural Landmark. Located at the top of these points are gun batteries and spectacular views of the northeast coastline of Also, enjoy the tropical rainforest and listen to native national park and island. Hike up and down “ladders” Distance: 0.1 mi / 0.2 km roundtrip that protected Pago Pago Harbor after the bombing the island and the Vai’ava Strait National Natural Beginning in the village of Vailoatai, this trail follows bird songs. Along the last section of the trail, experience or steps with ropes for balance. There are a total of of Pearl Harbor in 1941. They symbolize American Due to unfriendly dogs, please drive past the last house Landmark. -
Ethnographic Assessment and Overview National Park of American Samoa
PACIFIC COOPERATIVE STUDIES UNIT UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI`I AT MĀNOA Dr. David C. Duffy, Unit Leader Department of Botany 3190 Maile Way, St. John #408 Honolulu, Hawai’i 96822 Technical Report 152 ETHNOGRAPHIC ASSESSMENT AND OVERVIEW NATIONAL PARK OF AMERICAN SAMOA November 2006 Jocelyn Linnekin1, Terry Hunt, Leslie Lang and Timothy McCormick 1 Email: [email protected]. Department of Anthropology, University of Connecticut Beach Hall Room 445, U-2176 354 Mansfield Road Storrs, Connecticut 06269-2176 Ethnographic Assessment and Overview The National Park of American Samoa Table of Contents List of Tables and Figures iii List of Slides v Preface: Study Issues vi Maps vii Key to Maps x I. The Environmental Context 1 Climate and Vegetation 1 The National Park Environments 4 II. Archaeology and Samoan Prehistory 8 Early Settlement 8 Later Inland Settlement 9 Late Prehistoric Period 9 European Contact and the Historical Period 10 Archaeology in the National Park Units 10 III. Research Methodology 15 Documentary Phase 15 Field Research 15 Limitations of the Research 17 IV. Ethnohistory 22 Myths and Legends Relevant to the Park 22 The European Contact Period 25 Western Ethnohistorical and Ethnographic Reports 31 V. Agriculture and Domestically Useful Plants 46 Tutuila Unit 46 Ta'u Unit 49 Ofu Unit 51 Summary 52 VI. Marine Resources 53 Tutuila Unit 53 Ta'u Unit 57 Ofu Unit 58 Summary 61 i VII. Medicinal Plants 63 Ofu Unit 63 Ta'u Unit 66 Tutuila Unit 66 Summary 67 VIII. Analysis of Freelist Data 75 Crops and Cultivated Plants 76 Medicinal Plants 81 Fish and Marine Species 84 Animals and Birds 86 Summary of the Freelist Results 88 IX. -
South Sea Island, Infant Meals Are Not Included on Day Cruises Yanuya Monu and Are Payable Direct to the Resort
WHAT TO BRING • Swim wear and towel • Sun hat and lotion Mamanuca Islands • Money for optional purchases • Your camera and a sense of fun! GENERAL INFORMATION & BOOKING CONDITIONS South Sea Vomo • All prices are in Fijian Dollars per person and include taxes where applicable. • Child fares are for children aged between the ages of 5 to 15 inclusive. Infants under 5 travel FOC but must be Tokoriki Sheraton advised at time of booking. With the exception of South Sea Island, infant meals are not included on Day Cruises Yanuya Monu and are payable direct to the resort. Family Pass - 2 adults and up to 3 children. Island Mondriki • Rates include FREE Nadi/Denarau and Coral Coast coach transfers to and from Port Denarau LAUTOKA Matamanoa for most day trips. Please check with your Hotel Tour Desk for departure times. NOTE: The only return coach transfer for the Coral Coast departs the port at 6pm. Beachcomber Treasure • All inclusions are as indicated in the brochure and websites at time of travel. If not stated as included then item/s DAY CRUISES Bounty Island are at guests own cost. Mana South Sea Island • For credit card payments a 2.5% administration fee applies (non refundable). • South Sea Cruises reserves the right to alter prices, apply a fuel surcharge, cancel departures, arrange alternative transport and vary itineraries and services if necessary. All cruises are subject to sea and weather conditions Malamala Island particularly in the interest of passenger safety. Should adverse conditions prevent operation, our liability is limited Likuliku to offering an alternative cruise or appropriate refund no greater than the fare paid. -
Filling the Gaps: Identifying Candidate Sites to Expand Fiji's National Protected Area Network
Filling the gaps: identifying candidate sites to expand Fiji's national protected area network Outcomes report from provincial planning meeting, 20-21 September 2010 Stacy Jupiter1, Kasaqa Tora2, Morena Mills3, Rebecca Weeks1,3, Vanessa Adams3, Ingrid Qauqau1, Alumeci Nakeke4, Thomas Tui4, Yashika Nand1, Naushad Yakub1 1 Wildlife Conservation Society Fiji Country Program 2 National Trust of Fiji 3 ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, James Cook University 4 SeaWeb Asia-Pacific Program This work was supported by an Early Action Grant to the national Protected Area Committee from UNDP‐GEF and a grant to the Wildlife Conservation Society from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation (#10‐94985‐000‐GSS) © 2011 Wildlife Conservation Society This document to be cited as: Jupiter S, Tora K, Mills M, Weeks R, Adams V, Qauqau I, Nakeke A, Tui T, Nand Y, Yakub N (2011) Filling the gaps: identifying candidate sites to expand Fiji's national protected area network. Outcomes report from provincial planning meeting, 20‐21 September 2010. Wildlife Conservation Society, Suva, Fiji, 65 pp. Executive Summary The Fiji national Protected Area Committee (PAC) was established in 2008 under section 8(2) of Fiji's Environment Management Act 2005 in order to advance Fiji's commitments under the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)'s Programme of Work on Protected Areas (PoWPA). To date, the PAC has: established national targets for conservation and management; collated existing and new data on species and habitats; identified current protected area boundaries; and determined how much of Fiji's biodiversity is currently protected through terrestrial and marine gap analyses. -
National Park Feasibility Study: American Samoa
NATIONAL PARK FEASIBILITY STUDY AMERICAN SAMOA July 1988 DRAFT Prepared by the National Park Service and the American Samoa Government TABLE OF CONTENTS Paae No. SUMMARY .............. BACKGROUND AND INTRODUCTION 3 Purpose ....... 3 Congressional Direction 3 The Study Area . 7 Previous Studies . 7 Consultation and Coordination 8 RESOURCES OF AMERICAN SAMOA I l Natural Resources . 11 Geology ........... l 1 Soils and Hydrology . 13 Coastal and Marine Resources . 14 Plant Life .... 15 Animal Life ... 17 Cultural Resources 28 Pre-history . 28 History...... 29 National Register of Historic Places 31 Legendary and Archeological Sites . 35 Scenic Resources . 39 PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS 41 Government ...... 41 Population and Economy 42 Tourism ... 45 Land Use .. 47 Land Tenure 54 SIGNIFICANCE, SUITABILITY, AND FEASIBILITY 57 Criteria for Park Lands ..... 57 Significant Areas and Sites Survey 58 Areas of National Significance 65 Suitability and Feasibility . 70 Management Alternatives . 77 POTENTIAL NATIONAL PARKS . 79 Description . 79 Potential National Park, Tutuila . 79 Potential National Park, Ta'u . 88 Concepts for Management, Development, and Visitor Use 97 Management Goals . 97 Development and Visitor Use, Tutuila . 99 Development and Visitor Use, Ta'u . 103 DRAFT 07/88 l Page No . PARK PROTECTION ALTERNATIVES . 108 ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL IMPACTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONSEQUENCES. 112 Environmental Consequences . 114 POSSIBLE ADDITIONS . 116 STUDY PARTICIPANTS . 119 BIBLIOGRAPHY . 121 APPENDICES. 125 Appendix 1. Summary of Village Meetings . 126 Appendix 2. Chronology of Archeological Survey Work . 131 Appendix 3. Potential Organization Chart of Fully Staffed National Parks. 133 Appendix 4. Summary of Public Meeting, Fono Guest House, Pago Pago. 135 DRAFT 07/88 ii LIST OF FIGURES Page No. Figure 1. -
2016 Mark Foy World Championships Denarau Yacht Club, Denarau, Fiji 26Th June to 1St July 2016
2016 Mark Foy World Championships Denarau Yacht Club, Denarau, Fiji 26th June to 1st July 2016 SAILING INSTRUCTIONS 1 RULES 1.1 The regatta will be governed by the Racing Rules of Sailing (RRS), and the International 18 Ft Class Rules as amended by the Notice of Race and these Sailing Instructions. 1.2 Where conflict occurs these Sailing Instructions shall take precedence. 1.3 Boats shall not be sailed in a manner likely to cause damage. 2 ELEGIBILITY 2.1 Racing is open to all International 18 Foot League boats. 3 ENTRY FEE 3.1 The entry fee is $700 NZD per boat. This fee is due and payable prior to the skiff being declared a starter in any race listed in the ‘Schedule of Races’ and can be paid online at http://www.rayc.co.nz/aklskiffleague 1 4 CODE OF CONDUCT 4.1 During the event all competitors including skippers and their crew will be expected to conduct themselves in a manner that is respectful of the event site, the regatta officials, regatta volunteers, the host yacht club, and all members of the community. 4.2 Specifically, all competitors shall: a) Respect their fellow sailors, volunteers, race officials, club staff, members of the public and personnel at Denarau. b) Acknowledge that their actions on and off the water reflect not only on themselves but on the 18 Foot Skiff fleet and the Denarau Yacht Club as well. c) Regard the Racing Rules as a form of agreement. d) Treat the designated rig-up area, the Denarau Yacht Club, nearby public areas, accommodation facilities, as well as other people’s property as their own. -
American Samoa Demographic Profile Summary File: Technical Documentation U.S
American Samoa Demographic Profile Summary File Issued March 2014 2010 Census of Population and Housing DPSFAS/10-3 (RV) Technical Documentation U.S. Department of Commerce Economics and Statistics Administration U.S. CENSUS BUREAU For additional information concerning the files, contact the Customer Liaison and Marketing Services Office, Customer Services Center, U.S. Census Bureau, Washington, DC 20233, or phone 301-763-INFO (4636). For additional information concerning the technical documentation, contact the Administrative and Customer Services Division, Electronic Products Development Branch, U.S. Census Bureau, Wash- ington, DC 20233, or phone 301-763-8004. American Samoa Demographic Profile Summary File Issued March 2014 2010 Census of Population and Housing DPSFAS/10-3 (RV) Technical Documentation U.S. Department of Commerce Penny Pritzker, Secretary Vacant, Deputy Secretary Economics and Statistics Administration Mark Doms, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs U.S. CENSUS BUREAU John H. Thompson, Director SUGGESTED CITATION 2010 Census of Population and Housing, American Samoa Demographic Profile Summary File: Technical Documentation U.S. Census Bureau, 2014 (RV). ECONOMICS AND STATISTICS ADMINISTRATION Economics and Statistics Administration Mark Doms, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs U.S. CENSUS BUREAU John H. Thompson, Director Nancy A. Potok, Deputy Director and Chief Operating Officer Frank A. Vitrano, Acting Associate Director for Decennial Census Enrique J. Lamas, Associate Director for Demographic Programs William W. Hatcher, Jr., Associate Director for Field Operations CONTENTS CHAPTERS 1. Abstract ............................................... 1-1 2. How to Use This Product ................................... 2-1 3. Subject Locator .......................................... 3-1 4. Summary Level Sequence Chart .............................. 4-1 5. List of Tables (Matrices) .................................... 5-1 6. -
Fiji Islands
i ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK TA: 6039-REG REPUBLIC OF THE FIJI ISLANDS: COUNTRY ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS Mainstreaming Environmental Considerations in Economic and Development Planning Processes (FINAL DRAFT) Prepared by: James T. Berdach February 2005 The views expressed in this document are those of the consultant and do not necessarily represent positions of the Asian Development Bank or the Government of the Republic of the Fiji Islands. ii CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS (as of 15 November 2004) Currency Unit – Fiji Dollars (FJD) FJD 1.00 = $0.5955 $1.00 = FJD 1.6793 ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS ADB – Asian Development Bank ADTA – advisory technical assistance ALTA – Agricultural Landlord Tenant Act BOD – biochemical oxygen demand CDM – Clean Development Mechanism CEA – Country Environmental Analysis CHARM – Comprehensive Hazard and Risk Management CLIMAP – Climate Change Adaptation Program for the Pacific CSP – Country Strategy and Program CSPU – Country Strategy and Program Update DOE – Department of Environment DPP – Director of Public Prosecution DRRF – Disaster Relief and Rehabilitation Fund EEZ – Exclusive Economic Zone EIA – environmental impact assessment EMB – Environment Management Bill EU – European Union FBSAP – Fiji Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan FEA – Fiji Energy Authority FEU – Forestry Economics Unit FIMSA – Fiji Islands Marine Safety Administration FLMMA – Fiji Locally Managed Marine Area FRUP – Fiji Road Upgrading Project FSC – Fiji Sugar Corporation GDP – gross domestic product GEF – Global Environment Facility GHG – greenhouse -
The Chronology of Mountain SETTLEMENTS on Tutuila, American Samoa
THE CHRONOLOGY OF MOUNTAIN SETTLEMENTS ON TUTUILA, AMERICAN SAMOA FREDERIC B. PEARL Texas A&M University at Galveston Shortly after Christian missionaries arrived, the population of Samoa was overwhelmingly concentrated along the coast. Synthesising information from a variety of previously published sources, Watters (1958) estimated that 96 percent of the population of lived within a mile of the sea; the remaining 4 percent lived in isolated inland settlements or in one of just a few known inland villages. Before 1840, however, there were numerous mountain ridgetop settlements, which on the basis of oral traditions were thought to be refuge sites (Davidson 1969, Smith 1899). These sites are often attributed by Samoans to a legendary period of warfare with the Tongans that is said to date between about the 10th and 13th centuries A.D. (Henry 1980, Smith 1899, Stuebel 1896). Archaeologists have since investigated fortified inland and mountain ridgetop sites, and they too have suggested that they possibly fall within this period in time (Best 1992, 1993, Buist 1967, Frost 1978), some even while simultaneously challenging the use of oral tradition to explain the sites (Best 1992). Both Clark (1996) and Green (2002a, 2002b) have noted that the timing of the appearance of Samoan fortifications is uncertain and that their relationship to unfortified aspects of Samoan settlement patterns remains unknown. No independent data has come forth to test the basic hypothesis that mountain residential sites were occupied by Samoans because of internecine warfare, or especially, Tongan occupation of coastal sites. A first step in evaluating these claims would be to establish an authoritative chronology of the mountain settlements, thus confirming whether or not the sites were occupied during the proposed time period. -
A Brief Timeline of the History of American Samoa: 20Th Century Through the 21St Century
A Brief Timeline of the History of American Samoa: 20th Century through the 21st Century 1900 1 February 2 – The United States Navy appointed Commander B.F. Tilley to be the first Governor of American Samoa. The population of Tutuila was approximately 7,000. (O Commander B.F. Tilley le ulua’i Kovana Sili na filifilia e le Fua a le Iunaite Setete e pulea le Malo o Amerika Samoa. O le aofa’iga o tagata sa nonofo i Tutuila e latalata i le 7,000.) April 2 – Signing of the Tutuila Deed of Cession, which was an indication that the chiefs of Tutuila and Aunu’u enthusiastically ceded their islands to the United States. Local chiefs who signed the Deed were; PC Mauga of Pago Pago, PC Le’iato of Fagaitua, PC Faumuina of Aunuu, HTC Pele of Laulii, HTC Masaniai of Vatia, HC Tupuola of Fagasa, HC Soliai of Nuuuli, PC Mauga (2) of Pago Pago, PC Tuitele of Leone, HC Faiivae of Leone, PC Letuli of Ili’ili, PC Fuimaono of Aoloau, PC Satele of Vailoa, HTC Leoso of Leone, HTC Olo of Leone, Namoa of Malaeloa, Malota of Malaeloa, HC Tuana’itau of Pava’ia’i, HC Lualemana of Asu, and HC Amituana’i of Itu’au. (O le sainia ma le tu’ualoa’ia atu o motu o Tutuila ma Aunu’u i lalo o le va’aiga ma le pulega a le Malo o le Iunaite Setete o Amerika.) April 2 – The Marist Brothers opened the first private school in Leone. The funds were from a fundraiser by the Western District and the Marist Brothers were politely asked by the chiefs of the district to administer the school and they agreed. -
Elemental and Technological Analyses of Basalt Adze
ELEMENTAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL ANALYSES OF BASALT ADZE MANUFACTURE ON TUTUILA, AMERIKA SAMOA: ECONOMIC INTENSIFICATION AND SPECIALIZATION DURING THE MONUMENT BUILDING PERIOD A Dissertation by PHILLIP RAY JOHNSON II Submitted to the Office of Graduate Studies of Texas A&M University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Chair of Committee, Suzanne Eckert Committee Members, William D. James Michael R. Waters Ted Goebel Head of Department, Cynthia Werner August 2013 Major Subject: Anthropology Copyright 2013 Phillip Ray Johnson II ABSTRACT This dissertation research presents the elemental and technological analyses of basalt adze quarries from the Samoan Island of Tutuila. Both Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) were utilized in the chemical characterization of basalt samples and artifacts. Elemental concentration data derived from both INAA and EDXRF successfully differentiated between multiple Tutuilan basalt adze quarries, and these data were utilized to determine the most efficacious elemental analysis technique for Tutuilan basalt adze provenance study. Elemental concentration data from the Lau’agae quarry were utilized with technological attribute analysis of artifacts recovered from that archaeological site to investigate the potential for economic specialization in the manufacture of basalt adzes. Analysis of both the technological attribute data and the elemental concentration data provided evidence for potential specialization at the Lau’agae quarry. When these data were compared to similar data from other Polynesian archaeological sites it further supported the potential for specialized production at Lau’agae. Ultimately, it was determined that multiple skilled producers created various types of basalt adzes at Lau’agae with the intent to export and exchange their products. -
Time Travel in TIBET INSIDER’S GUIDE to INSTAGRAM TAIWAN’S HOT SPRINGS
SOUTHEAST ASIA NOVEMBER 2019 Time travel in TIBET INSIDER’S GUIDE TO INSTAGRAM TAIWAN’S HOT SPRINGS PLUS PENANG BACOLOD SIEM REAP FIJI AND TONGA SINGAPORE S$7.90 / HONG KONG HK$43 THAILAND THB175 / INDONESIA IDR50,000 MALAYSIA MYR18 / VIETNAM VND85,000 MACAU MOP44 / PHILIPPINES PHP240 BURMA MMK35 / CAMBODIA KHR22,000 BRUNEI BND7.90 / LAOS LAK52,000 PARTICIPATING LOVE DINING HOTELS FAIRMONT SINGAPORE Asian Market Cafe Prego Szechuan Court 80 Bras Basah Rd, Mikuni Singapore 189560 Singapore’s favourite Italian An oasis of charm and showcasing the breadth and exquisite creations from its elegance, renowned for serving three stunning live stations, authentic Italian family style authentic pan-Asian cuisine. each helmed by a master chef. dining experience. and Cantonese cuisine. SINGAPORE MARRIOTT TANG PLAZA HOTEL Marriott Cafe Pool Grill Wan Hao Chinese Restaurant OTHER LOVE This award-winning restaurant 320 Orchard Road, Indulge in the freshest The ultimate poolside luxury, DINING PARTNERS: Singapore 238865 this al fresco restaurant is an Lobby Lounge chefs whip up a perfect culinary idyllic dining destination in the delicacies, gourmet artistry and feast a la minute. heart of the city. oriental charm. Crossroads Cafe SWISSÔTEL THE SWISSÔTEL STAMFORD MERCHANT COURT 2 Stamford Rd, 20 Merchant Rd, Singapore 178882 Singapore 058281 OTHER LOVE CLOVE SKAI OTHER LOVE Ellenborough Market Cafe DINING PARTNERS: Travel across continents, lands The perfect ambience from DINING PARTNERS: Celebrating the best of Straits Chinese, Kopi Tiam and seas through a tapestry of which to savour Executive Chef Blue Potato LOVE DINING GIVES YOU MORE REASONS aromas weaved together with presenting a tantalising medley of Asian native and international delights menu of sharing dishes.