E1786 V10 Project Proposal for World Bank Global Environment Fund
Public Disclosure Authorized
Shanxi Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
Public Disclosure Authorized Environmental Auditing Report
Public Disclosure Authorized
Shanxi Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd. China Institute for Radiation Protection
Public Disclosure Authorized November 2007
Table of Content
1. Preface
2. Overview 2.1 Overview of the Enterprise 2.2 Enterprise Organization 2.3 Notes on the Auditing Issues
3 Overview of the Present Engineering at Shanxi Yangguang Power Plant 3.1 Geographical Location 3.2 Overview of the Engineering 3.3 Land Occupation 3.4 Power Plant Planar Setup 3.5 Energy and Raw Materials 3.6 Ash and Slag Disposal and Overview of Ash Yard 3.7 Process Flow and Polluting Points
4. Main Pollutants Emissions and Control Measures in the Power Plant 4.1 Air Pollutant Emissions and Control Measures 4.2 Wastewater Discharge and Control 4.3 Noise Pollution and Control 4.4 Solid Waste Disposal and Pollution Control Measures 4.5 Overview of the Newly Constructed Environmental Protection Projects in Yangguang Power Plant in Recent Years 4.6 Summary
5. Environment Management and Monitoring 5.1 Environment Management 5.2 Environmental Monitoring 5.3 Summary
6. Work Safety Management in the Power Plant
6.1 Work Safety Production Management 6.2 Regulations on Work Safety 6.3 Implementations of Work Safety Regulations 6.4 Results form Checks by Superior Authorities 6.5 The Yearly Accident Statistics in the Power Plant. 6.6 Summary
7. Hazardous Chemicals Management in the Power plant 7.1. Property Analysis of Toxic, Hazardous, Flammable and Explosive Materials 7.2 Risk Identification 7.3 Present Management of Hazardous Chemicals 7.4 Existing Problems and Solutions to Management of Hazardous Chemicals 7.5 Summary
8. Overview of Industrial Hygiene in the Power Plant 8.1 Regulations on Occupational Disease Control 8.2 Occupational Disease Control Plan 8.3 Funds for Occupational Disease Control 8.4 Present Occupational Disease Control 8.5 Summary
II 9. Emergency Response Plan in the Power Plant 9.1 Compilation of Emergency Response Plan in the Power Plant 9.2 Overview of Emergency Response Plan in the Power Plant 9.3 Summary
10. Social Impacts 10.1 Relationship between the enterprise and employees 10.2 Relationship between Enterprise and Local Residents 10.3 Relationship between Enterprise and Society 10.4 Summary
11. Auditing Conclusions 11.1 Conclusions: 11.2 Suggestions
III Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
1. Preface
The objective of the environmental auditing is to retrospect the existing production facilities in the Power Plant, to identify the problems of present production process, pollution control measures, environmental management, safety management and social impacts, etc., and to propose solutions accordingly.
An environmental auditing can effectively reveals the problems of enterprise in environmental management, and enhances the environmental protection awareness among the relevant departments in the enterprise for strict implementation of environmental protection policies. It also helps the enterprise to build a favorable and responsible image in the light of long- term development and social responsibility, through attaching importance to environmental protection in order to enhance the environmental protection awareness in the whole society.
Shanxi Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd. was established in December 1993, and its four power generation sets were put into production in November 1999, presently as one of the key power plant in Shanxi Power Grid, with installed capacity is 4×300MW. The power plant has 1542 employees, with registered capital of 1.1 billion RMB. In 2006 the annual power generation was 8.23 billion KWh, and the resulting sales revenue was 1.85994 billion RMB including net profit of 122.55 million RMB; the profit plus tax of 491.17 was million RMB. While converting coal into power energy, the power plant consumes huge amount of coal and water resources and emits substantial pollutants like SO2, particulates, NO2, etc. into the environment.
This document reports the environment auditing results on the measures presently taken by the Power Plant in environmental control and management.
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2 Overview
2.1 Overview of the Enterprise Shanxi Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd. was from the former Second Power Plant of Yangquan, Shanxi, as a national key project of the “8th-five-year plan” with total investment of 5.5 billion RMB. The total installed capacity consists of 4×300MW coal-fueled turbine power generating units. The project was initiated on December 25, 1993, and the four turbine units were consecutively put into production on December 1996, November 1997, December 1998 and November 1999.
Yangguang Power Plant is at Pingding County of Yangquan City, 120 km from Taiyuan City. The company is in the core area of Xiyang coal mine region, it mainly depends on locally produced anthracite as fuel, which is transported to the Plant via highway and special railway. Water is supplied through the “Water Elevation Project from Niangziguan to Pingding”. The four turbine units are connected to the power grid through 8-circuit transmission lines. Yangguang Power Plant is presently one of the extra-large combustion power generation plants at million- kWh scale in Shanxi province.
The main equipment in Yangguang Company is as follows. The boilers of Turbine Units 1 and 2 are of Type DG1025/18.2- 7“W” manufactured by Dongfang Boiler Group Co., Ltd. (flame, positive pressure direct blowing, subcritical, one-interval reheat, natural circulation). The boilers of Turbine Unit 3 and 4 are of Type B WB-1025/18.3-M“W” manufactured by Babcock & Wilcox Beijing Company Ltd. (flame, middle-storage, subcritical, one-interval reheat, natural circulation, drum type). The condensing turbines are of Type N300-16.7/537/537-4 manufactured by Dongfang Steam Turbine Plant. The power generators are of Type QFSN300-2-20 manufactured by Dongfang Electrical Machinery Company Limited. The main control system includes the Distributed Control System by Siemens of Germany and the Electro-hydraulic Control System by Bailey Company of USA.
From 2004 to 2007 Yangguang Power Plant invested 365 million RMB to upgrade and renovate the environmental control facilities to reduce air pollutant emissions contributing to the improvement of local and regional environmental quality. The renovation mainly included ash yard leakage proof, dry ash disposal system of Boilers 2~4, installation of wet desulfuration for Boilers 1~4, change of electrostatic precipitators into baghouses for Boilers 3~4, upgrading of control system in electrostatic precipitators of Boilers 1 and 3, renovation of chemical waste water treatment system, and the building of dust suppression and Wind proofing wall in coal yard.
In the first year of the “11th Five-year Planning”, Yangguang Power Company set up the goals of “Yangguang of Harmony, Yangguang of Environment Protection, and Yangguang of Development”. The major actions include the flue gas desulfuration project for all four turbine units. Yangguang Power Company, in pursuit of best economic benefits for the enterprise, actively responds to the calls by the municipal government of “Developing the Chinese ‘Ruhr’ and Constructing Shinning Pearl City in East Shanxi”. The Company has invested 240 million RMB for this flue gas desulfuration project, which is implemented as a major action of “Administration- of-Virtue Project” and for the promotion of the enterprise’s sustainable development.
The desulfuration project was officially started on April 18th, 2006, also as one of the 100 key projects designated by Yangquan Municipality. The desulfuration facility of Turbine Unit 3 smoothly finished its 168-hour test operation on September 11th, 2007 after the successful 168- hour test operations of such facilities of Turbine Units 1, 2 and 4, which marked completion of the flue gas desulfuration project for 4×300MW Turbine Units in Yangguang Power Company, the first 1,200-MW power plant with once-for-all desulfuration renovation for its turbine units in Shanxi province. The flue gas desulfuration facility for turbine units at Yangguang Power Company uses wet limestone-gypsum flue gas desulfuration technology, with is widely found in large turbine units in China. This technology is featured by maturity, low cost, short construction period and reliable operation. During trial period the facility operation was normal, achieving 100% of automatic thermodynamic input rate, 100% of interlock protection device usage, and
China Institute for Radiation Protection 2 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
100% of gauges application. All the performance indictors are satisfactory and the desulfuration efficiency is more than 90%. The annual SO2 emission reduction is more than 30,000 tons, and the emitted SO2 concentration is within the limits for time-phase-III as defined in “Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants” (GB13223-2003), which effectively improves the local air quality. The operation of this desulfuration project is indeed to play an active role in the mission by Yangquan Municipality of “blue sky, clear water, and green home”.
Yangguang Power Plant is also the first that successfully installed baghouse filters in 300MW turbine units in China, which reduces particulate emission concentration to 18.75mg/Nm3, much lower than the limit for time-phase-III ( 50mg/Nm3) as defined in “Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants” (GB13223-2003). The annual particulate emission reduction is close to 8,000 tons. Yangguang Power Company develops the enterprise culture cored by “harmony, environmental protection, and development”, guides the comprehensive administration from the view of scientific development, takes the obligation of energy conservation, environmental protection, contamination control and pollution reduction, and continuously promotes the renovations in management, administrative mechanism and technology. The company has won the national and provincial awards, including “National First Rate Thermal Power Plant”, “National Civilization Entity”, “National Good Faith in Contract and Credibility Enterprise” “National Model Home of Employees”, “Top 100 Enterprise in Shanxi Province”, “May Day Labor Award of Shanxi Province”, “Patriotism Education Base of Shanxi Province”, “Advanced Entity of Legal Administration in Shanxi Province”, “Advance Entity of Patriotic Health Movement in Shanxi Province”, “Advance Entity of Enterprise Culture Development in Shanxi Province”, “Advanced Primary Party Organization” by Shanxi State-Assets Management Commission, “Model Enterprise of Shanxi Province”, etc. The company makes important contribution to the healthy development of local economy.
2.2 Enterprise Organization
For details see the organization chart in Figure 2.2-1.
2.3 Notes on the Auditing Issues 2.3.1 Objectives and Significance of Auditing 2.3.1.1 Objectives:
Through in-situ survey, document review and necessary tests it is to analyze the present situation of environmental protection of the enterprise, to identify its environmental protection level, to discover the problems and shortfalls, to assess and compare potentials for environmental protection, and to propose practical and feasible measures and suggestions for environmental protection. This provides the government with true and reliable information on environmental protection, and offers guidance to the enterprise to elevate its management level in achieving the general goals of environmental protection defined in “11th-five-year planning” for the promotion of sustainable development in both economy and environment.
2.3.1.2 Significance
It is necessarily required in the identification and/or dismissal of enterprise environmental responsibility.
Enterprise environmental responsibility refers to the liability of a firm in environmental pollution control and ecological and environmental protection. Environmental auditing monitors, assesses and identifies the enterprise environmental responsibilities as defined above, in fair and justice attitude and through unique methods and/or methodology, to ascertain and/or dismiss the liability, and its magnitude and property of the audited enterprise, in order to protect the legitimate right of the enterprise.
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It is intrinsically required for continuous operation of an enterprise.
The enterprise activities such as production, business operation and market expansion all requires the enterprise for good environmental image and environmental achievements. Any environmental decision mistake is likely to bring the business management into challenge, causing financial failure, or even bankruptcy and/or liquidation. Therefore it is necessary to attach importance to environment development and actively participate in environmental control and protection, in order for an enterprise to create a good internal and external atmosphere to ensure the sustainable business operation.
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Shanxi Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd . Board of Trustees, Board of Supersion
Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd .
Directly Administrated Multi-Business Multi-Business Company Headquarter Stock Holding Companies System System
Administration (General Manager & CCP Chengguang Internally Hongguang Fuel Semi-retired secretary , Secretary of Disciplinary Thermal Power Retired Company Officals Committee & Chairman of Labor Union Company Personnel
Guangyuan Personnel Deputy Chief Engineer , Material Branch Labor Business Archive Deputy Chief Accountant Company Market Company Administration
Party and Mass Logistics Production Production Administration People Management Management Workshop Administration
Office of Dept. Party Dept. Workshop of Workshop of Dept. Human Dept. Power Workshop of General and Mass Production Electricity Auxiliary Resources Generation Chemistry Manager People & Technol. Control Boiler Work
Dept. Dept. Work Workshop of Workshop of Workshop of Dept. Dept. Enterprise Safety Boiler and Thermal Coal Accounting Logistics Management Supervision Turbine Control Transport
Figure 2.2-1 Organization Chart of Yangguang Power Plant
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It is the important content in enterprise management auditing.
Environmental auditing periodically monitors and assesses the enterprise’s activities in management plan, control procedure and control methodology, in order to analyze the internal environmental factors on management effects and efficiency, to improve control system of environmental management, to facilitate the enterprise to reasonably develop and utilize environmental resources and to practice its social responsibilities. In this view, the environmental auditing, for its systematical assessment of the management system in the enterprise, becomes an important part in enterprise management and auditing.
It is required for the enterprises to explore domestic and international market. Environmental auditing is good for Chinese enterprises to rapidly enter into international market, also good for foreign capital and projects to settle in Chinese market. It makes its contributions to economic globalization and to the mission of “Only One Home for the Earth”.
2.3.2 Audit Basis 2.3.2.1 Basis of Laws, Regulations and Policies
(1) “Environmental Protection Laws of PRC”, December 1989; (2) “Law on Prevention and Control of Atmospheric Pollution of PRC”, amended in April, 2000; (3) “Implementation Rules of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law”, amended in March 2000; (4) “Environmental Noise Prevention and Control Law of PRC”, November 1996; (5) “Solid Waste Pollution Prevention Law of PRC, amended in December 2004; (6) “Law of Environmental Impact Assessment of PRC”, October 2002; (7) “Law of Promotion of Cleaner Production of PRC”, June 2002; (8) “Ordinance on Administration for Environmental Protection of Construction Projects”, issued by the State Council of PRC (NO. 253), November 1998; (9) “Directory of the Administration of Construction Project Environmental Protection”, issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration (No. 14) in January 2003; (10) “Guiding Catalogue of Industrial Structure Regulation”, issued by National Development and Reform Commission (2005) (No. 40), December 2005; (11) “Method of Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment”, issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration (No. 28, [2006]) in March 2006; (12) “Notification on Strengthening the Environmental Impact Assessment in the Projects Financed by International Finance Organizations”, issued by the State Environmental Protection Administration (No. 324, [1993]) on June 21, 1993; (13) “Notification on the Issuance of Mid- and Long- term Special Planning”, issued by National Development and Reform Commission (No. 2505, [2004]), November 25, 2004; (14) “Decisions on Implementation of Scientific Development View and Strengthening of Environmental Protection”, issued by the State Council (No. 39, [2005]), in 2005; (15 “Decisions on Energy Conservation”, issued by issued by the State Council (No. 28, [2006]), August 6, 2006; (16) “Notification on the Issuance of the Comprehensive Working Plan of Energy Conservation and Pollution Reduction”, issued by the State Council (No. 15, [2007]), May 23, 2007.
2.3.2.2 Relevant Regulations of World Bank
(1) “World Bank OP/BP4.01 and Annexes (Environmental Assessment)”, January 1999; (2) “World Bank OP/ (Environmental Assessment), January 1999; (3) “World Bank GP4.01 (Environmental Assessment), January 1999; (4) “World Bank OP/BP4.04 (Natural Habitats), September 1995; (5)“World Bank GP4.07 (Water Resources Management), December 2000; (6) “World Bank GP14.70 (non-governmental organization participation in the funding of World Bank)”.
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2.3.3 Auditing Scope and Period This auditing covers all areas of Yangguang Power Plant, and the auditing period is from 2004 to 2007.
2.3.4 Implementation Criteria 2.3.4.1 Criteria for Environmental Quality
(1) Criteria for Air Quality: This project is in mixed rural and ordinary industrial area, where belongs to category-II based on air quality functional area classification, subject to the Standard-II as defined in “Ambient Air Quality Standard” (GB3095-1996). The standard limits are presented in Table 2.3-1.
Table 2.3-1. Concentration Limits of Ambient Air Quality Standard (mg/m3) Pollutants TSP SO2 NO2 PM10 Annual Average 0.20 0.06 0.08 0.10 Daily Average 0.30 0.15 0.12 0.15 Hourly Average — 0.50 0.24 —
(2) Surface water: The surface water system at this project is Nanchuang River, belonging to Ziya River of Haihe River watershed. The surface water is subject to Standard-IV as defined in “Surface Water Quality Standard (GB3838-2002). The standard limits are presented in Table 2.3- 2.
Table 2.3-2. Limits of Surface Water Quality Standard (mg/L) Ammonia- Volatile Pollutant pH COD BOD Nitrogen Cr 5 Phenol Standard 6 9 1.5 30 6 0.01 Pollutant cyanides Fluorides Sulfides Oils Standard 0.2 1.5 0.5 0.5 Note: pH: no unit.
(3) Ground Water: The drinking water of the local residents is from ground water. According to ground water category criteria defined in “Ground Water Quality Standard” (GB/T14848-93), the Category-III water is “based on human health baselines, mainly as water source for mass consumption and for industrial and agricultural usage”. Therefore, the ground water in the assessed area is identified as Category-III, subject to the standard to this category as defined in “Ground Water Quality Standard” (GB/T14848-93). The standard limits are presented in Table 2.3-3.
Table 2.3-2. Limits of Ground Water Quality Standard (mg/L) Total hardness Total number of E.coli Item pH sulfates Fluorides (CaCO3) (number/L) Item 6.5 8.5 450 250 1.0 3.0 Ammonia- Total number of Standard Nitrate Nitrite Cr6 Nitrogen Bacteria (number/L) Item 0.2 20 0.02 0.05 100
(4) Environmental Noise: The noise environment is subject to Category-II Standards as defined in “Standard of Environmental Noise of Urban Area” (GB3096-93). The criteria are in Table 2.3-4.
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Table 2.3-4. Criteria for Environmental Noise Standard (dB(A)) Category Day time Night time Category-II 60 50 2.3.4.2 Criteria for Pollutant Discharge
(1) Criteria for Air Pollution Emission
In accordance with the requirements made by Shanxi Environmental Protection Bureau in reply to the EIA of the desulfuration project in Yangguang Power Plant, prior to that project, the air pollutant emission is subject to the upper concentration limit for coal-combustion boilers for time phase-I as defined in “Emission Standard of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants” (GB13223-2003); after project completion, the emission is subject to the upper concentration limit for time phase-III. The standards are listed in Table 2.3-5.
Table 2.3-5 Emission Standards of Air Pollutants for Thermal Power Plants Upper concentration limit for upper concentration limit for Type of Boilers Pollutant time phase-I mg/m3 time phase-III mg/m3
Coal- Smog 600 50 Combustion SO2 2100 400 Boiler NOX 1500 — Note: Vdaf 10%.
(2) Criteria for Wastewater Discharge
The wastewater discharge is subject to the Category-I standard as described in Table 4 of “Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard” (GB8978-1996). The details are shown in Table 2.3- 6. Table 2.3-6 .Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard Pollutant Standard Pollutant Standard Pollutant Standard
pH 6 9 Oil 5 CODCr 100 Suspended 70 Fluorides 10 particulates
(3) Criteria for Noise
Within the western, southern and eastern boundary of the Power Plant the noise is subject to Category-II standard as defined in “Noise Standard within Boundary of Industrial Site” (GB12348-90); and at the northern boundary the noise is subject to Category-IV standard of GB12348-90. The standard limits are shown in Table 2.3-7.
Table 2.3-7. Noise Standard within Boundary of Industrial Site Standard (dB(A)) Category Day time Night time Category II 60 50 Category IV 70 55 (4) Criteria for Solid Waste Storage
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Solid waste disposal is subject to “Standard for Pollution Control in Storage and Disposal Site for Common Industrial Solid Wastes” (GB18599-2001)
3 Overview of the Present Engineering at Shanxi Yangguang Power Plant
3.1 Geographical Location
Yangguang Power Plant is at Pingding County of Yangquan City, Shanxi province. It is ~15km to Yangquan City, and ~4km to Pingding Township. The Power Plant is in an open area, north to Nanchuang River and next to Nan’ao Village. At the east of the Power Plant is Yang-She Railway that connects to Shi-Tai Railway, and at the north is the special railway of the Yangquan Fifth Coal Mine that connects to Yang-She Railway in Pingding. The Yang-Xi Road is at the east of the Power Plant and Shi-Tai Highway is at the north, where transportation is extremely convenient. Yangpogou Ash Yard, 7 km east to the Power Plant, serves as the wet ash yard. The slag yard is at the No. 3 ditch at the south. Figure 3.1-1 shows the geographic location of the power plant, the ash yard and the slag yard.
3.2 Overview of the Engineering
Yangguang Power Plant operates coal-combustion vapor condensing turbine power generating units with total capacity of 4×300MW, the total boiler evaporation capacity is 4,100t/h. The power plant planning was started in 1984, the construction was started in December 1993, and the four power generating units were consecutively put into production by November 27, 1999. Two smoke stacks are each shared by Boilers 1 and 2, and Boilers 3 and 4. Each stack is 240m in height with outlet diameter of 8m.
Limestone-gypsum desulfuration is used for the four power generating units, and the flue gas desulfuration rate is 90%. Boilers 1 and 3 are equipped with electrostatic preceptors with the dust removal efficiency of 99%, and Boilers 2 and 4 are equipped with baghouses with dust removal efficiency of 99.9%. The ash is hydraulically driven as highly dust-concentrated water to Yangpogou Ash Yard via primary and secondary ash slag pumps. In 2005~2006 the dry ash removal system was installed to Boiler 2, 3 and 4 for comprehensive coal ash utilization. The slag is transported via trucks to slag yard for storage.
Table 3.2-1 presents the main environmental protection facilities in Yangguang Power Plant.
3.3 Land Occupation
Table 3.3-1 presents the land occupation by Yangguang Power Plant.
Table 3.3-1 Land occupation by Yangguang Power Plant. Name Area (ha) Plant Area 39.07 Coal Yard 1.58 Ash Yard 43 Slag Yard 2.2
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N
Yangguang Power plant
Ash Yard Slag yard
Figure 3.1-1 The geographic location of the power plant, the ash yard and the slag yard.
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Table 3.2-1 Overview of the Main Environmental Protection Facilities and Equipment
Item Unit No. 1 No. 2 No. 3 No. 4 Output and Output MW 300 300 300 300 Starting Annually one unit was put into production from Time operation date December 1996 to November 1999. Type DG1025/18.2-II“W”: Type B&WB-1025/18.3 flame, positive pressure M“W”: flame, middle- Type direct blowing, subcritical, storage, subcritical, one- Boiler one-interval reheat, natural interval reheat, natural circulation circulation, drum type Evaporation t/h 1025 1025 1025 1025 Type N300-16.7/537/537-4 Subcritical, single shaft and double casings, double Turbine Category flow, one-interval intermediate reheat condensing turbine Output MW 300 300 300 300 Type Type QFSN-300-2-20 Cooling Power Generator Water hydrogen hydrogen Mode Capacity MW 300 300 300 300 Category Limestone gypsum wet desulfuration Desulfur Desulfuratio ation % 90 n efficiency Electrostatic Electrostatic Precipitator Precipitator (two chamber Baghouse (two chamber Baghouse Category Flue Dust and four filter and four filter Gas removal electrical electrical Treat- fields) fields) ment Removal % 99.0 99.9 99.0 99.9 Efficiency No. 1# 2# Type Ferroconcrete structure Ferroconcrete structure Smoke Height m 240 240 Stake Outlet inner m 8 8 diameter Type Natural Draft Cooling Tower Cooling Mode Cooling area m3 4500 4500 4500 4500 After treatment through industrial wastewater treatment Wastewater station, it is reused in coal transport system, coal yard production Wastewater spray or supplemented to ash flushing system Treatment Domestic After secondary biochemical treatment it is
wastewater supplemented to ash flushing system Ash water Discharged after setting for clarification in vertical wall Discharged into ash yard via hydraulic transport of Coal ash highly dust-concentrated water or removed as dry ash Slag Disposal for comprehensive utilization Transported by trucks to slag yard or for comprehensive Slag utilization.
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3.4 Power Plant Planar Setup
The Power Plant consecutively distributes from south to north the in-house 220kV power distribution faculty, natural draft cooling towers, main workshops, railway and coal yard. The in- house 220kV power distribution faculty is on the highland at the most southern part of the power plant and power lines are to the south (sic). The power plant planar setup is shown in the figure 3.4-1.
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29
15 16 30 31 32 19
20 17 34 14 22 Table of Buildings 7 8 No Name No Name No Name 25 18 9 33 6 1 Turbine house 12 In house 220kv 23 Hydrogen 21 5 power distribution generation station 28 facility 2 Deoxygenating 13 Natural shaft cooling 24 Office building 10 house tower 4 3 Coal bunker 14 Signal tower 25 Communication 3 building 2 24 1 4 Boiler house 15 Underground bridge 26 Open oil storage and truck discharge 11 ditch 27 5 Precipitators 16 Coal yard 27 Dinning hall 6 Wind-blower 17 Coal transport 28 Single resident house building building 7 Flue channel 18 Ash pumps house 29 Shelter storage 13 8 Chimney 19 Fuel tanks 30 Material warehouse 9 Boiler 20 Acid and base 31 Coal dozer house imitation house storage 10 Central control 21 Chemical water 32 Wastewater 26 building treatment house treatment plant 23 12 11 Transformers 22 Air compressor 33 Coal Handling house Gallery 34 Desulfuration tower
Figure 3.4-1. Map of Power Plant Planar Setup
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3.5 Energy and Raw Materials
3.5.1 Consumption of Main Energy and Raw Materials by the Power Plant
The Consumption of main energy and raw materials by Yangguang Power Plant from 2004 to 2006 is presented in Table 3.5-1. The properties of the main energy and raw materials are in Table 3.5-2. Table 3.5-1. Summary of Consumption of Main Energy and Raw Materials in 2004~2006
Main and auxiliary Annual Consumption materials and energy 2004 2005 2006 Coal 10,000 tons/yr. 383.6 376.6 371.4 Water 10,000 tons/yr. 2408 2339 2353 Electricity 10,000 kWh 41529 40377 43054 Diesel ton/yr. 2140 2032 1712 Hydrochloric Acid ton/yr. 2052.14 1869.42 1864.7 Basic Solution ton/yr. 1604.1 1418.28 1995.29 Hydrazine ton/yr. 10 5.7 7 Sulfuric Acid ton/yr. 2402.91 2388.66 2381.24 3.5.2 Fuel Coal
The fuel coal is supplied by Yangquan Fifth Coal Mine and other local coal mines of Pingding County. The coal from Yangquan Fifth Coal Mine is all transported via railway, and the that from local coal mines are transported by trucks that enter into the site from the east side of Power Plant.
The properties of fuel anthracite used in Yangguang Power Plant in 2005~2006 are: sulfur content: 0.68~1.8%; and ash content: 18.75~45.02%. The average parameters are in Table 3.5-3.
Table 3.5-3. Coal Assay in 2005~2006 Item Symbol Unit Value Moisture content on as-fired basis Mt % 9.6 Ash content on as-fired basis Aar % 30.24 Volatile matter as dried basis Vdaf % 7.5 Carbon content as-received basis Car % 59.12 Sulfur content as-received basis St,ar % 1.66 Hydrogen content as-received basis Har % 2.39 Nitrogen content as-received basis Nar % 0.86 Oxygen content as-received basis Oar % 3.47 Calorific Value as-received basis Qnet.ar kJ/kg 22180
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Table 3.5-2 Properties of the Main Energy and Raw Materials Used in Yangguang Power Plant Item Material Name Coal Limestone Diesel Water HCl Basic Solution Hydrazine H2SO4 Function Of The Flue Gas Desalt And Ph Resin Provide Heat Fire Ignition Heat Medium Desalt Deoxygenating Material Desulfuration Adjustment Regeneration Harmful Content Flammable And Sulfur None None Acid Base N H .H O Acid And Property Explosive 2 4 2 Active Content And Gaseous Solid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Liquid Property Concentration Of 1.66% — — — 31% 40% 40% 98% Harmful Content Unit Price (RMB) 350 50 500 3 650 900 30000 780 Means Of Train, Truck Truck Train Pipe Tanker Tanker Truck Tanker Transportation Limestone Storage Coal Yard Oil Tank Water Pool Acid Tank Base Tank Barrel Acid Tank Bin Storage Quantity 150,000 — 1800 — 80 80 1 120 Transporting Within Conveyer Conveyer Pipe Pipe Pipe Pipe Pipe Pipe The Power Plant
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3.5.3 Limestone
The Power Plant uses limestone-gypsum wet desulfuration method for all the four power turbine units. The total annual consumption of limestone as desulfurating agent is 180,000 tons, provided from Huiming Stone Plant in Beichanshi of Pingding County, and Yuxin Stone Plant of Pingding County.
3.5.4 Water Consumption
The water supplementation is provided by “Water Elevation Project from Niangziguang to Pingding”. The freshwater usage is 3092m3/h, see Table 3.5-4. The water balance is demonstrated in Figure 3.5-1. Table 3.5-4. Water Usage in the Power Plant Water Water amount Freshwater Usage Unit Source for recirculation supplement Cooling Water 74000 1579 Boiler Water m3/h 194 Ground Supplement Water Industrial Water Use 1303 Domestic Water Use m3/h 16 Total m3/h 74000 3092
268
Desulfuration 288 Evaporation system loss 1036 1579 Industrial Wastewater Coal transport system, Cooling tower 74000 Treatment Plant 20 Circulation water Wastewater coal yard spray discharge 543 235
Water for Circulation Water 1005 Water recovery industrial use pool 20 1303 298 Boiler 3 620 Water 3092 refill 112 194 82 79 source Water for chemical Neutralization treatment pool 8 3 1 Watering loss plants or Ash flushing 16 13 street spray 4 pool Water for Biochemical domestic use Treatment Ash Yard
Figure 3.5-1. Water Balance in the Power Plant
The wastewater from industrial production and domestic sewage from Power Plant separately enters into each treatment system in wastewater treatment plant. The treated water is reused in coal transport, coal yard spray and ash flushing, etc. The water from ash yard is discharged into Nanchuan River.
3.6 Ash and Slag Disposal and Overview of Ash Yard
In Yangguang Power Plant the ash from all four turbine units were originally removed using hydraulic method, through two-stage wet slag pumps sent to Yangpogou ash yard around 7 km
China Institute for Radiation Protection 16 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd. away to the east. In 2005~2006 dry ash removal system were added to Turbine Unit 2,3 and 4 for coal ash comprehensive utilization. Boiler slag falls into the water-sealed slag holder at bottom, then crushed and elevated to dewatering bin by hydraulic injector. The dewatered slag is transported by trucks to the slag yard in No. 3 Ditch at the south of the Power Plant. The slag production in 2004~2006 is presented in Table 3.6-1, and the locations of ash yard and slag yard are in Figure 3.1-1. Table 3.6-1. Slag Production at Power Plant in 2004~2006 Annual Dust captured in precipitators Production Boiler slag production (10,000 tons/a) Year (10,000 tons/a) 2004 98.7 11.3 2005 97.9 11.2 2006 96.2 11.8
3.7 Process Flow and Polluting Points
Yangguang Power Plant used pulverized coal-fired boilers for power production. The process flow is as follows. The pulverized fuel and hot air is transported into boiler for combustion to convert its chemical energy into heat energy. The pretreated water is vaporized into steam of high temperature and high pressure, which expands in turbine to do work to convert heat energy into mechanical energy. The turbine then drives power generators to convert mechanical energy into electric energy for power produce. Figure 3.7-1 is the process flowchart of the Power Plant.
The whole process flow is generally divided into: fuel transport system, combustion system, ash and slag removal system, chemical water treatment system, water supply and drainage system, thermal system, electric system, and flue gas precipitation, desulfuration & cooling system. The major pollutants are waste gases, wastewater, slag and noise. The pollution control measures are presented in Chapter 3. Figure 3.7-2 presents the polluting points.
China Institute for Radiation Protection 17 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
Waste Waste water water Coal Smog steam Reuse Coal Dust sedimentation Coal yard precipitator Limestone pond Coal feeder powder Turbine Wind blower Smoke User for Stack Power desulfuration grid Power generator Boiler Boiler Cooling Tower Desulfuration Condenser Wind blower facility Ash gypsum Coal crusher Comprehensive utlization Ash Slag Condensed Ash yard water pump
Ash storage Facility for Facility for House Chemical water condensed water treatment treatment Water Deoxygenater Source Slag yard
Water pump High Pressure Heater
Central treatment system
Recovery and reutilization Domestic reuse sewage Secondary Biochemical Treatment
Oil-containing wastewater
Figure 3.7-1 Process Flow Chart of the Power Plant
China Institute for Radiation Protection 18 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
Comprehensive Gypsum from utlization desulturation
Desulturation Waste water Coal yard Waste Precipitator water from Boiler Desulturation Ash yard washing washing tower
Coal ash
Comprehensive Coal crusher utlization Doemstic sewage from Power Plant Area Power Power Turbine generator cable Boiler Water Water condenser treatment
Waste Ash and discharge slag Acid, basic water water
desalting
Waste gas Wastewater Solid waste source source source Noise source Figure 3.7-2 Diagram of Pollution Sources in the Power Plant
China Institute for Radiation Protection 19 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
4 Main Pollutants Emissions and Control Measures in the Power Plant
4.1 Air Pollutant Emissions and Control Measures
4.1.1 Boiler Flue Gas Control Measures against Boiler Flue Gas Prior to the desulfuration renovation of the Power Plant, Boilers 1~4 are equipped with electrostatic precipitators and the dust removal efficiency is 99%. In 2006 baghouse filters replaced the electrostatic preceptors in Boilers 2 and 4 and dust removal efficiency is increased to 99.9%. Meanwhile upgrading was made to the control systems of the electrostatic precipitators in Boilers 1 and 3.
Prior to the desulfuration renovation of the Power Plant no sulfur removal devices were available for all four boilers, resulting large SO2 emissions. In order to reduce SO2 emissions to satisfy environmental protection requirements and improve local environmental quality, in 2006 the Power Plant installed desulfuration facilities using limestone-gypsum wet desulfuration technique, the desulfuration efficiency is 90%. The desulfuration process diagram is shown in Figure 4.1-1.
Smoke Limestone Limestone stack crushing Electrostatic precipitator Limestone supply boiler facility Wind blower
Dewatering machine
Desulfuration, water discharge Air
Absorption gypsum tower Absorption, Gypsum recover oxidation system system
Principle SO2 Absorption, oxidation, Lime- Gyp- and gypsum recovery stone sum
Figure 4.1-1. Diagram of limestone-gypsum wet desulfuration process
Two smoke stacks are each shared by Boilers 1 and 2, and Boilers 3 and 4. Each stack is 240m in height with outlet diameter of 8m.
Eight sets of continuous monitoring devices are installed at the inlet and outlet of flue gas pipes. The four sets for Boilers 1 and 2 are of Type EL3020 manufactured by Shanxi Jingtian Environment Company; and the four sets for Boilers 3 and 4 are of Type EL3020 manufactured by Beijing Zhongdianxinye Technology Development Company.
China Institute for Radiation Protection 20 Environmental Auditing Report for Energy Conservation Project in Yangguang Power Generation Company Ltd.
China Institute for Radiation Protection 21