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BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH

Volume 30 May 6, 1940 No. 13

New American Tarantulas of the Family Aviculariidae

BY

RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN

BIOLOGICAL SERIES, Vol. V, No. 8

PUBLISHED BY

THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH

SALT LAKE CITY TH E UNIVERSITY PRESS UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SALT LAKE CITY On New American Tarantulas of The Family Aviculariidae

B y R a l p h V . C h a m b e r l i n

While accumulating material for a long needed review of nearctic mvgalomorph spiders, a considerable number of species in the family Aviculariidae have been noted which it seems desirable to diagnose and name at this time. It is the purpose of the present paper to do this. It has been found convenient for the present to recognize and use the genera indicated in the key given below, although the limitation of some of these groups, e.g., Dugesiella and Aphonopelma, is not yet as precise as might be wished for. O f these genera Aplionopelma embraces the great majority of the species of the United States falling in the old group Eurypelm a as used by Simon. For loan of material in connection with the present study special acknowledgment is due to Clinton G. Abbott, Director of the Natural History Museum at San Diego, Dr. W . J. Gertsch of the American Museum of Natural History, Dr. A. I. Ortenburger of the University of Oklahoma, Dr. L. T. Murray of Baylor University, and Prof. J. C. Cross of the Texas College of Arts and Industries.

K e y t o G e n e r a

a. Legs wholly without spines. A lyra of stout bacilli on anterior face of endite ...... Psahnopoeus Pocock aa. Legs with more or less numerous spines; no such lyra on anterior face of endite. b. Scopulae of third and fourth, and less distinctly of second, legs divided by bands of setae, the setose band of fourth leg nearly as broad as tarsus ...... Barropelma, gen. nov bb. None of the tarsal scopulae divided by setose lines or bands. c. Coxa I on anterior face densely clothed with uniformly fine, long, appressed hairs or pili...... Chaunopelma, gen. nov cc. Coxa I on anterior face clothed in considerable part with true setae, though these may be comparatively slender and pale. d. Coxal setae in part conspicuously thickened, basally black and spine-like, similar ones also in a patch on dorsocaudal surface ...... Dugesiella Pocock dd. Special coxal setae not thus thickened and spine-like, these either of nearly normal size and form or more or less reduced. e. Hairs on caudal side of trochanter of palpus (male) dense, flattened and somewhat davate, of scopular form, those of anterior side of trochanter similar ...... Clavopelma, gen. nov. ee. Trochanters with no such flattened scopular hairs, hairs being of ordinary form. . . Aphonpehna Pocock 4 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Genus APHONOPELMA Pocock

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 7 ser., 1S01, vol. Ill, p. 553

Most of the species from the United States formerly listed under E urypelm a conform to Aphonopelma as defined by Pocock in the place indicated above. These species, however, fall into a number of seemingly natural groups which may be conveniently recognized for the present as subgenera. One of these groups, as here recognized, conforms to Simon’s “Eurypelma, group B” which he defines as follows: “Metatarsus anti- cus muticus, tibia brevior. Tarsi insigniter longi, postici leviter fusi- formes, antici metatarsis non multi breviores, ]>ostici metatarsis tantum % breviores. Oculi (salterm in mare )a sese appropinquati. Bulbus maris anguste piriformis, apice sensim attenuatus, tenuissimus et cur- vatus. Tibia pedum-maxillarium intus acules binis submediis tantum arm ata. ( E . M a rxi E. Sim.)” 1Dr. A. Petrunkevitch has recently named marxi as the type of his genus Delopelma.' T his name is here retained for a group of species, as indicated below, related in essential char­ acters to marxi. The group as here understood, however, does not include the species, other than marxi, listed under Delopelma bv Exline and Petrunkevitch. The second group or subgenus is here designated as Gosipelma, of which G. angusi, new, may be taken as the type. This group is in various respects intermediate or transitional between Delopelma and Aphonopelma proper. Some species of the latter group seem to he transitional to true Dugesietta forms. The key below is given as an aid in identifying these subgenera and the species considered under them in the present study. The fol­ lowing new species, being based on females only, are not taken up in the key: Aphonopelma lieterops, A. orthonops and A . baergi.

K e y t o S p e c i e s a n d S i ' b g e n e k a o f A p h o n o p e l m a (M ales)

a. Tibia I longer than metatarsus I. n. Only two spines, these submedian, on anterior face of tihia of palpus...... subgenus Delopelma Petrunkevitch e. Tibia I with ventral spines at base and middle or at middle alone; setae absent or sparse among hairs on anterior face of trochanter I; tibia of palpus with one or two ventral spines. d. With a single ventral spine on tibia of palpus, this submedian...... vorhiesi C. & I- dd. With two ventral spines on tibia of palpus, these toward dis­ tal end...... phasmus, new cc. Tibia I with ventral spines at 4 or -5 levels between base and spur; tibia of palpus normally without ventral spines; setae more or less numerous among hairs on anterior face of trochanter I.

1 Hist. Nat. Araignees, vol. 1, 1892, p. 167. -Trans. Com. Acad. Sci., Apr., 1939, p. 252; also Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Dec., 193.1, ser. II, vol. IV, p. 567. APHONOPELMA 5

d. The two submedian spines of anterior face of tibia of palpus subequal and stout, set on a line but little oblique to the ver­ tical and normally close to each other. . simulatum C. & I dd. The two submedian spines unequal, the anterior more or less reduced and sometimes setiform or absent, set on a line de­ cidedly oblique to the vertical and more w'idely separated...... behlei, new lib. Tibia of palpus normally with four spines on anterior face, 1-2-1 (rarely 5 in phanus, then 1-2-1-1)...... Oosipelma, new' subgenus c. Tibia of palpus with three ventral spines . . nayaritum, new cc. Tibia of palpus with but one ventral spine or with none. d. Abdomen with a conspicuous dorsal black spot on caudal area...... zionis, new dd. Abdomen with no such conspicuous black spot. e. Tibia of palpus with a long, stout ventral spine...... phanus, new ee. Tibia of palpus with no such ventral spine. f. General color black; anterior coxal setae fine, with a conspicuous basal ring; long setae of abdomen gray...... angusi, new' ff. General color brown; coxal setae coarser; setae of abdomen rust colored. . . ruedanum, new Tibia 1 not longer than metatarsus I, usually clearly shorter...... subgenus Aphonopelma P ocock, sens. str. 1). Tibia + patella IV equal to or somewhat shorter than the carapace. Posterior eyes equal, the medians subrotund; clothing of carapace and chelicerae lustrous silky yellow or golden. . . . chalcodes, new bb. Tibia + patella IV distinctly longer than the carapace. c. Scopula on metatarsus IV extending over less than the distal half. d. Coat of carapace and legs lustrous olivaceous as in rusticum ; metatarsus IV scopulate over distal third. . reversum, new dd. Coat of carapace brow'n, not olivaceous; metatarsus IV scopu­ late over nearly half the length. . . moderatum C. & I. cc. Metatarsus IV scopulate over from half to three-fourths the length. d. Lateral eyes on each side separated by the diameter of a posterior one or nearly so. e. A larger, more robust form over 4.0 mm. in length; an­ terior face of coxae densely clothed with coarse setae which are blackish proximally. . eutylenum, new ee. A smaller form about 30 mm. long; anterior face of coxae with hairs mostly long and piliform, the setae fewer, paler and finer. .... clarum, new dd. Lateral eyes more narrowly separated, the distance at most but little more than the radius of the posterior eye. e. Anterior lateral eyes much larger than the posterior lat­ eral eyes. f. Patella of palpus bearing three stout spines on an­ terior face...... brunnius, new ff. Patella bearing a single, slender spine or none. NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

g. Patella bearing no spine. h. Special setae on anterior face of coxa I notably sparser toward ventral border and wholly replaced by ordinary hairs over a considerable distal area; general color yellowish brown. . . , ...... nevadawurm, new hh. Special setae numerous and nearly uni­ form from subsutural glabrous band to ventral edge and extending farther dis- tad than in nevadanum. i. General color dark brown, the setae also brown; pubescence of carapace dark golden or ap­ proaching bronze; marginal spines above oblique suture not enlarged. . . . . prosoieus, new ii. General color lighter, grayish brow n; long setae of legs and abdomen in part gray; carapace light gray, in part of pale gold cast; marginal spines more ro­ bust than those of adjacent sur­ face. . . . griseum, new gg. Patella bearing a single spine. h. Pilose coat of carapace and legs silky olivaceous; special coxal setae reduced, each arising from a conspicuous basal circle. . . . rusticum (Simon) hh. N ot silky olivaceous; coxal setae coars­ er, less modified, the basal circle absent or more inconspicuous. i. Tibia I equal in length to meta­ tarsus I. j. Coxa I densely pilose over dorsocaudal surface, setae absent or very nearly so; special setae finer and pale; posterior lateral eyes much exceeding the medians. . . . lithodomum, new j.j. Coxa I with many setae among pili of dorsocaudal surface; setae more thicken­ ed and darker; posterior lateral eyes but little larger than the medians. . • . . . apacheum, new ii. Tibia I shorter than metatarsus 1; setae among pili on caudal face o f coxa I. . cryptethus, new ee. Lateral eyes on each side nearly equal in size, relatively close to each other. f. General color of legs and abdomen gunmetal brown or blackish, the dorsum of abdomen uniform...... melanius, C. & I- APHONOPELMA l~f 4

ff. General color lighter, brown to yellowish. g. Color usually yellowish brown or buff; tibia I with one ventral spine near middle, and with or without one at base; anterior eoxal setae rather suddenly narrowed a little above base...... iodius, C. & I. gg. Color darker brown, abdomen with a dorsal black spot; tibia 1 with two submedian ven­ tral spines and one at base; anterior eoxal setae not suddenly narrowed a little above base, being evenly attenuated from base dis- tad...... cratius, new'

Subgenus APHONOPELMA sens. str.

Alphonopelma chalcodes, sp. nov.

Eurypelma californica Gertsch (not o f A usserer), Am. Mus. Novitates, 1933, no. 792, p . 4.

Carapace and ehelicerae above clothed with light, shining, golden pubescence. The legs dark chocolate brown, in part with a bronze-like reflection. Abdomen also dark chocolate brown, its long hairs bright rust-red. The long ventral setae of legs also in part rust-red. Anterior median eyes farther apart than from the laterals but separated from the latter by more than a radius. Posterior eyes much smaller than the anteriors; the medians elongate, their long axis equal­ ling the diameter of the laterals or nearly so, close to the lateral on each side but separated from the anterior medians by fully their long diameter. Lateral eyes on each side separated from each other by fully the diameter of the posterior one. Metatarsi IV scopulate solidly over about distal two-thirds with lateral scopular bands continuing over fully four-fifths the length. Metatarsi III scopulate to base, but proximally with the usual long ventral setae. Setae on anterior face of coxae reduced in about degree usual in species of the Gosipelma group, dark brown or black. Setae on pos­ terior side among pili sparse but more numerous than usual, fine; those on dorsal surface stouter, rising through the silky coat, of appressed pili. On anterior face of endite the setae finer, pale and hair-like except at distal end of surface both above and below suture where the setae are coarse and dark in color. Tibia I with two ventral spines near middle and one (or sometimes none) at base; the usual spine at distal end on outer side, but this reduced. Anterior surface of tibia of palpus with from four spines arranged 1-2-1 or 1 -1-1-1, to seven, thus: 2-2-2-1. A stout spine normally present on femur and patella.

M a le.— Total length, 60 mm.; without chelicerae, 50 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 23 mm.; width, 21 mm. 8 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Legs i n in IV P alpus Coxa ...... 10.5 10 8 9 9 Trochanter ...... 4 4 3.5 4 3.8

Femur ...... 19 12.2 16 19.6 11.2 Patella ...... 10 9.5 9 9.6 7.8 Tibia ...... 14-.2 13 11 14* 10 Metatarsus ...... 16 15 16 20 Tarsus ...... 8.5 8.3 8 8 4

Total ...... 82.2 72 71.5 84.2 45.8

L o c a l i t y : Arizona: Tucson. Two males and two females taken 27 July, 1936, by Prof. C. T. Vorhies, and many specimens, females, taken by Peter Stechler, July-August, 1935.

Aphonopelma reversum, sp. nov.

M ale. A species much resembling A. rusticum. Carapace of a lus­ trous bronze color, with often an olivaceous cast. It is different from rusticum in the eyes, of which the anterior laterals are obviously less elongate and the posterior medians decidedly smaller than the laterals instead of subequal to them. The lateral eyes on each side are rather close together, being separated usually bv a little more than the radius of the posterior one. It is readily distinguished from rusticum in having the special coxal setae of legs coarser and more gradually attenuated. The scopu- lae of metatarsi III and IV are less developed, extending over only the distal half, or little more, and distal third, respectively, instead of over practically the whole length in III and over more than half the length in IV . The present species differs from rusticum in having tibia I and metatarsus I nearly equal in length whereas in rusticum, sens, str., the tibia is clearly shorter than the metatarsus. It is possible that Simon had both species as he said, “Metatarsus I . . . tibia rarius acquilongus.' His description of the eyes, however, fits only the species here restricted as rusticum as does his statement, “Pedum-maxillarium tibia intus aculeis nigris longis plurimis 5-6 armata.” In rusticum, in fact, the spines may be as many as 8. The patella and palpus armed on inner side with a moderately slender spine, w'hile the inner face of the tibia bears typically 4 spines, arranged thus: 1-2-1, though the right tibia of the paratype has the spines 1-3-1. The tibial spines in rusticum are generally more numerous. Tibia I with two submedian ventral spines and with or without one at base ; one distal spine. Length, 38.5; length without chelicerae, 33.5 mm. Cephalothorax: length, 15.5 mm.; width, 14 mm. APHONOPELMA

Legs i n hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 8 7.2 6 6 6 Trochanter .. 3 3 3 3 2.2 Femur ...... 15.3 14.5 13 15 10 Patella ...... 7.2 6.8 6.2 6.9 5 Tibia ...... 12.1 11.2 10 12.6 8 Metatarsus .. 12.6 12.8 13 17 Tarnus ...... - 8.5 8 7.1 8.2 3.2

Total ...... 67.2 63.5 58.3 68.7 34.4

In older paratypes the cephalothorax may be as much as 21 mm. long, this being the maximum observed in numerous specimens.

L o c a l i t y . California: San Diego, 1935. Two males and three females. Numerous other males and females in the San Diego Museum collection. Aphonopelma eutylenum, sp. nov.

M ale. Genera] color of legs and abdomen dark brown of obscure olivaceous cast. Carapace paler, somewhat grayish brown of a bronze or coppery cast. Setae of legs and abdomen rufous brown, distallv somewhat lighter, grayish brown. Posterior lateral eyes much smaller than the anterior lateral eyes; but little larger than the posterior median eyes, from which clearly separated; both posterior eyes slightly elliptic. Lateral eyes separated by about the diameter of a posterior one. Special coxal setae dense, moderately stout and blackish prox­ imally; a few more slender setae among the pili of the dorsal surface. On the anterior face of the coxa (endite) of palpus there are some darkened, stouter setae above the suture and over distal area below the suture, the setae elsewhere pale and more slender, well spaced. Metatarsus IV scopulate over distal two-thirds or somewhat more. Metatarsus III scopulate nearly to base. Patella of palpus with a single spine. Tibia of palpus with five or six spines, arranged, e.g., 2-2-1 or 2-2-1-1. Tibia I with a submedian ventral spine, one or none at base; the usual distal spine on outer side. Length, 42 mm.; length without chelicerae, 38 mm. Cephalothorax: length, 17.8 mm.; width, 15.6 mm.

Legs i ii in IV P alpus Coxa ...... 9 7.5 7.2 7.5 8.2 Trochanter -... .. 4 4 4 4 2.7 Femur ...... 16.5 16 15 17.2 11.2 Patella ...... 8 8 7 8 7 Tibia ______.. 13.5 12.5 11 14 10 Metatarsus ...... 14.5 14.5 15.5 20 Tarsus ...... 8.5 8 8.1 9.2 4.4

T o t a i...... 74.0 70.5 67.8 79.9 43.5 10 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Female. Carapace and legs brown, the femora darker. Abdomen a darker velvety brown or blackish. Setae of legs and abdomen brown with apical portions gray or grayish yellow. Anterior median eyes farther apart than from the laterals but also well separated from the latter. Anterior eves much larger than the posteriors. Posterior lateral eyes a little larger than the medians, both broadly somewhat elliptic. The posterior median eve on each side separated by a distance somewhat exceeding the diameter of the pos­ terior one. Special coxal setae numerous, of average stoutness, brown in color, those below suture rather more robust than those above. Tibia -)- patella IV equalling or a little exceeding tibia -)- patella I, and not exceeding the length of the cephalothorax. Length: total, 43 mm.; without chelicerae, 35 mm. Cehaplothorax: length, 16 mm.; width, 14. G.

Legs i ii in IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 7 6.8 6 6.2 6 Trochanter .. .. 3.2 3 3 3 2.8 Femur ...... 13 13 11 14.2 10 Patella ...... 6.5 6.3 6.3 6.8 5 Tibia ...... 11 9 8 10.2 7.2 Metatarsus .. 13 9 10 13.5 Tarsus ...... 7.2 6.2 6.6 7.2 7.2

T otals .. 60.9 53.3 50.9 61.1 38.2

L o c a l i t y . California: San Diego. Two males and two females taken in 1935. Numerous other specimens in San Diego Museum col­ lection.

Aphonopelma clarum, sp. nov.

Color nearly as in brunnius. The pubescence of carapace showing a somewhat olive reflection, suggesting in this the color of rusticum. Anterior median eyes farther from each other than from the lat­ erals though also widely separated from the latter. Posterior lateral eves moderately smaller than the anterior laterals from which separated by their diameter or more; larger than the elliptic medians; the latter distinctly separated from the laterals but much farther from the an­ terior medians. The setae on anterior face of the coxae of legs relatively finer than in eutylenum and brunnius, with less contrast between basal and apical portions, those with dark bases fewer in number. Metatarsus III and IV scopulate over distal three-fourths of length, or nearly so. Metatarsi I and II scopulate to base. No spine detected in type on the patella of the male palpus. Inner face of tibia typically with four or five long and comparatively slender spines arranged as follows: one or two at base, two submedian and one subapical. APHONOPELMA 11

Tibia I with a ventral spine at middle; the usual spine at distal end on outer side. Total length, 30 mm.; length without chelicerae, 25 mm. Cephalo- thorax: length, 13 mm.

Legs i ii hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 6.5 5.5 5.2 6 5 Trochanter ... . 3 2.2 2 2.8 2 Femur ...... 12.8 12.2 12 13 8 Patella ...... 6.2 6 6 6' 5 Tibia ...... 10 9.5 9 10.6 8 Metatarsus ...... 10.8 10.8 11 14.5 Tarsus ...... 6 6 6 7 3.2

T o t a l : ...... 55.3 51.6 51.2 59.9 31.2

L o c a l i t y . California: In mountains near Claremont. One male. R. V. Chamberlin.

Aphonopelma brunnius, sp. nov.

Male. The general color is brown, including all setae, which are mostly straight and not at all silky; cover of carapace and chelicerae a little lighter and of a somewhat gold or bronze reflection, which may also show on legs. The eyes about as usual. The anterior medians smaller than the laterals and obviously farther from each other than from the laterals. Posterior median eyes elongate, much smaller than the laterals. Lateral eyes on each side separated by a space a little exceeding the radius of the posterior eye. On anterior surface of coxa of palpus below suture there are coarse setae intermixed with pili on distal portion while proximally the setae are finer; above the suture setae are present on proximal part and along suture. Setae on anterior face of coxae of legs numerous, rather long and slender with darkened basal portion passing gradually into the distal portion; pili long and dense on distal area and also numerous above suture. The patella of palpus bearing three stout spines, two subapical and one subbasal on mesal side. The tibia bears on the mesal side typ i­ cally six spines arranged as follows: two basal, three submedian and one apical. In addition there is a long submedian spine on ventral sur­ face at outer side. Tibia I with ventral spines at base, middle and toward spur, the basal one sometimes missing. Total length, 35 mm. Length without chelicerae, 31 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 15 mm.; width, 14 mm. 12 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Legs i ii iii IV P alpus Coxa ...... 7 6.2 5 6 6 Trochanter ...... 2.2 2.2 2.1 2.3 2.1

Femur ...... 13 13 13 14 9 Patella ...... 7 6.1 7 7 5.1 Tibia ...... 10.2 10.3 10.2 12 8.7 Metatarsus ...... 10.8 10.3 11.1 16 Tarsus ...... 7 6 6 7 3

T otals ...... 57.2 54.2 54.0 64.3 33.9

L o c a l i t y . California: Jasper Ridge. One male taken 13 Nov., 1921 by C. D. Duncan.

Aphonopelma nevadanum, sp. n ov.

M ale. A characteristically light brown species with the long setae of legs and abdomen the same color. The pubescence of the carapace a lustrous golden yellow. The anterior lateral eyes are much larger than the posterior lat­ erals ; interval between the two a little less than the diameter of tl'.c posterior one. Posterior rows of eyes decidedly recurved; medians sub­ circular, only slightly elliptic, distinctly separated from the laterals and nearly their diameter from the anterior medians. Metatarsus III scopulate to base; metatarsus IV scopulate over nearly four-fifths of its length. Anterior face of coxa I with special setae below suture moderately slender, replaced over distal portion of area bv fine hair, which forms a scopula-like m a t; setae as usual above suture; none above oblique suture where clothing is of dense fine hairs except for the marginal series of spine-like setae. Caudodorsal surface clothed with abundant appressed hair, the setae very few and hair-like. Anterior face of trochanter I clothed with hair as usual; the pos­ terior face with hair and many setae. Anterior face of endite clothed in typical manner. Anterior face of trochanter of palpus with hair and setae, the latter not dense; the posterior face with abundant appressed hair as usual. Patella of palpus of male unarmed; anterior, or inner, face of tibia with four spines, 1-2-1. Total length, 37 mm.; without chelicerae, 32 mm. Length of car­ apace, 17 mm.; width, 15.8 mm. Length of tibia -|- patella I, 22 mm.; of tibia -|- patella IV, 20 mm. Tibia I, 14 mm.; metatarsus I, 15 mm. Tibia IV, 13 mm.; metatarsus IV, 17 mm.

L o c a l i t i e s . Nevada: Searchlight, male holotype taken Dec. 2 , 1930, byr Geo. Carter. APHONOPELMA

Aphonopelma prosoicus, sp. nov.

Male. A darker brown, less yellowish, than nevadanum with pubes­ cence of carapace a little darker, more nearly bronze-colored. Eves much as in nevadanum but the posterior laterals relatively larger and also closer to the anterior laterals; the posterior medians jgo relatively larger, less than their diameter from the anterior medians. _ Metatarsus IV with scopula extending over two-thirds its length, III over entire length. Special setae on anterior face of coxa I much as in nevadanum but more numerous, subdense all the way down to setae of ventral face and extending farther toward distal end; above oblique suture the setae ;ire more abundant relatively to the hair which in nevadanum is dense, with setae few'. The coarse setae are also more abundant on anterior face of tro­ chanter I with hair correspondingly less abundant than in nevadanum. Total length, 38 mm.; without chelicerae, 34 mm. Length of cara­ pace, 20 mm.; width, 18 mm. Length of tibia -)- patella I, 21 mm.; of tibia -f- patella IV, 20.3 mm. Tibia I, 13 mm.; metatarsus I, 15 mm. Tibia IV, 13 mm., metatarsus IV, 18 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Mexico: Lower California, La Palma. Nov. 28, 1936. P. F. H arbison. One male.

Aphonopelma griseum, sp. nov.

Female. The appressed pubescence of carapace, chelicerae and legs of a characteristic light gray color with a w'eak brassy reflection, that of carapace more lustrous. Setae of legs pale brown in considerable part, also grayish, especially by reflected light, and sometimes appear­ ing pale pink. The short appressed coat of abdomen brown in front with a large velvety back spot covering all but anterior third or so of dorsum. Long setae of abdomen in part gray. The eves essentially as in prosoicus but laterals on each side rather closer to each other. The special setae of coxa I nearly of same form and arrangement as in prosoicus but slightly coarser. The spiniform setae along margin above the dorsal oblique suture are more robust, thicker than those of surface proximad of them. The hair on dorsal and anterodorsal faces of trochanter I more sparse than in prosoicus, leaving some stout spiniform setae freely visible, these being in prosoicus more slender and covered from view' by the more abundant hair. Scopulae as in prosoicus or nearly so. Total length, 57 mm.; without chelicerae, 48 mm. Length of car­ apace, 22.5 mm.; width, 19 mm. Tibia + patella I, 19 mm.; tibia patella IV, 20 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Lower California: De Mano’s Well, eastern slope of Sierra Juarez. One female taken Nov. 21, 1936, bv Lichty and Huey. 14 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Aphonopelma rusticum (Simon)

A species in appearance similar to G. reversum, the integument being dark, somewhat chocolate-colored with the pubescence a lighter brown of olivaceous cast. It is at once distinguishable from the latter species in the chamber of the special coxal setae, these being finer, more abruptly narrowed over basal socket which shows a characteristic basal ring. Anterior median eyes farther from each other than from the lat­ erals. Laterals very elongate, more so than in rusticum, much larger than the posterior laterals from which separated by not more than the radius of the latter. Posterior laterals subrotund, being slightly elon­ gate, subcontinguous with the moderately smaller medians. The patella of the palpus bears a single slender spine on mesal side. Inner face of tibia of palpus may bear as many as eight stout spines; one arrangement is 2-2-1-1, but two additional spines may ap­ pear near the distal end. Metatarsus IV scopulate over more than half the length, while metatarsus III is scopulate nearly to the base. Tibia I is normally shorter than metatarsus I instead of being equal to it as normal in reversum. ~ Tibia I with two submedian ventral spines and one at base. Total length, 40 mm. Cephalothorax: length, 19 mm.; width, 17 mm.

Legs i ii hi IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 9 7.2 6.8 7.8 8.2 Trochanter ...... 3 2.5 2.5 3 2 Femur ...... 17 16.6 15 17.2 11.5 Patella ...... 8.5 8.4 7.5 8 6.1 Tibia ...... 13 13 11.2 13.5 9.2 Metatarsus ...... 15 14.5 15 19.5 Tarsus ...... 8.5 8.2 8 8.5 3.5

T otals ...... 74.0 70.4 66.0 77.5 40.5

L o c a l i t i e s . Arizona: Apache Trail. One male taken March 25, 1936, by Edith M. Patch. California: Berkeley. One male, taken Sept. 24, 1935. Nevada: near Boulder Dam, several males taken by Dr. Bry­ ant Rees in Sept., 1939.

Aphonopelma lithodomum, sp. nov.

M ale. Anterior median eyes circular, smaller than the elliptical laterals, distinctly farther from each other than from the laterals. Pos­ terior median eyes decidedly smaller than the laterals, closer to the laterals than to the anterior medians. Lateral eyes on each side obvi­ ously less than their diameter apart. APHONOPELMA 15

Setae on anterior face of coxa of leg I more dense and stouter at base, more spiniform than in related form s. Scopula on metatarsi I and II reaching base; on metatarsus III extending over distal three-fourths, and on IV over somewhat more than distal half...... Inner surface of tibia of palpus typically with four or five stout spines arranged as follows: one at base, two or three on middle area and one at distal end above. When the tibia bears three median spines the extra one is at a level between the other two and the basal spine. The two median spines 011 a more oblique line than in moderatum . Tibia I with a submedian ventral spine. Total length, 32 mm. Length without chelicerae, 30 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 14 mm.; width, 13 mm.

Legs 1 11 hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 7.8 5.2 5.2 5.5 5.8 Trochanter ...... 3.5 3 2.8 2.8 2.5 Femur ...... 14 13.8 12.2 14.8 9 Patella ...... 6.8 6.2 6.1 6.1 5 Tibia ...... 12 10.7 9.6 11.2 8 Metatarsus —... 12.1 11.1 12.2 15.2 Tarsus ...... 6.8 6 6.1 7.2 3

T otals ...... 58.9 56.0 54.2 62.8 33.3

L o c a l i t y . Arizona: House Rock. One male taken Sept. 9, 1939, by U. and S. Mulaik.

Aphonopelma apacheum, sp. nov.

Male. A form with definitely dark brown legs and abdomen, while the carapace is gray. Setae of legs brown or in part somewhat rust- colored. The long setae of abdomen rust-colored. Anterior median eves further from each other than from the laterals but separated from the latter bv considerably more than a radius. Pos­ terior eyes much smaller than the anterior, the medians elongate and not much, if at all, shorter than the broader laterals which are more or less ovate with the narrow end caudad. Metatarsi IV scopulate solidly over two-thirds the length and at sides over four-fifths the length, the middle region proximally being strongly setose. Scopula of metatarsi III a little more extensive than that of IV. Anterior metatarsal scopulae complete as usual. Apparently related to lithodomum, but a larger species differing in the proportions of the posterior eyes and in the form and arrange­ ment of the special coxal setae. These are finer in lithodomum and are practically absent over the dorso-caudal surface, whereas in apacheum they are coarser, basally darker and are numerous on the dorsoeauda! 16 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

surface. The anterior face of endite (coxa) of the palpus in lithodomum is more pilose, the setae being piliform, whereas in apacheum the sur­ face is more setose, the distinct setae being for the most part coarser. Tibia I with a ventral spine toward outer side distad of middle; the usual distal spine on outer side. Length of paratype, 44 mm.; length without chelicerae 38 mm. Cephalothorax: length, 20 mm.; width, 18 mm.

Legs i n h i IV P a l p u s Coxa ...... 9 8 7.2 8 7.2 Trochanter ...... 4.2 4 3.8 4.2 3.8 Femur ...... 18 17.5 15.2 18.5 11 Patella ...... 9 8 7.2 8 5.3 Tibia ...... 14 2.8 11.2 14.8 10.1 Metatarsus ...... 14.8 14.8 14.8 19 Tarsus ...... 8.2 8 8 8.2 4

T o t a l s 77.2 73.1 67.4 80.7 41.4

p e L o c a l i t y . A riz o n a : T u cson . One m ale.

O t h e r L o c a l i t y . Arizona: Santa Catalina Mts. One male taken July 8-12, 1916, at an elevation of 3800 ft. by Dr. F. E. Lutz. Ameri­ can Museum of Natural History.

Aphonopelma cryptethus, sp. nov.

M ale. General color of legs and abdomen brown or grayish brown, the setae brown. Carapace apparently more gray, but badly rubbed in type. Anterior median eyes much farther apart than from the laterals. The posterior lateral eye as large as the anterior from which separated by more than its radius but distinctly less than its diameter. Posterior median eyes elongate, smaller than the laterals. Special coxal setae numerous on anterior face below suture, dark brown or black, thickened proximallv and without larger basal circle, those above suture rather smaller A characteristic feature would seem to be the presence on the caudal surface of a considerable number of dark setae scattered among the pili. Hairs of anterior face of endites all fine, piliform. Metatarsus IV scopulate over two-thirds of length or more, but the scopula widely divided proximad of middle by setae. Metatarsus III scopulate on sides to base, the middle region setose on proximal portion. Tibia I with ventral spine at base and one near middle; one, or occasionally two, at distal end on caudal side. A stout spine on anterior face of patella of palpus; the tibia typically with five anterior stout spines arranged thus: 2-2-1. Total length, 40 mm.; length wtihout chelicerae, 32 mm. Cepahal- othorax: length, 16 mm.; width, 13 mm. APHONOPELMA 17

Legs i ii hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 7.5 7.2 6 7.2 7 Trochanter ... .. 4 3.5 3.2 3.4 3.1 Femur ...... 16 15 14 10.6 10 Patella ...... 8 8 7 7.6 6.2 Tibia ...... 12 11.2 12 12.2 8 Metatarsus ...... 13 13 14 17 Tarsus ...... 8 8 7.5 8.5 3.8

T otals ...... 68.5 65.9 63.7 66.5 38.1

Female. The general color of carapace and legs a rather light brown, the abdomen a darker brown. The long hairs of legs and abdo men also light brown. Anterior median eyes decidedly farther from each other than from the laterals. Anterior lateral eyes a little larger than the posteriors, from which separated by less than the diameter of th latter. Posterior medians decidedly smaller than the laterals from which characteris­ tically well separated, elongate, somewhat obovate.

Tibia I with 2 spurs at distal end and one near middle below. Metatarsus IV scopulate over about two-thirds of its length, III scopulate to base at sides.

Special setae on anterior face of coxae of legs rather coarse, densely arranged. A considerable number of setae on caudal side among

2>ili of middle region.

Total length, 52 mm; length without chelicerae, 41 mm. Cephalo- thoroax: length, 17.5 mm.; width, 15 mm.

Legs i ii iii IV P alpus Coxa ...... 9 7.7 6.4 7 7 Trochanter ...... 3 3 2.5 3 2 Fem u r...... 14.2 13 12.3 13 11.8 Patella ...... 7 6.5 6.2 6.5 5.8 Tibia ...... 10.2 8.3 7 9.6 7 Metatarsus ...... 10 8.3 9 12.2 Tarsus ...... 6 6 5.5 6.8 6.5

T o t a l s ...... 59.4 52.8 48.9 58.1 40.1

T y p e L o c a l i t y . California: Los Angeles. One male and one fe­ male, 9 May, 1908.

O t h e r L o c a l i t i e s . California: Claremont, several females; “ Southern California,” one variant female.

The female described above is from Claremont, the male (holotype) from Los Angeles. 18 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Aphonopelma cratius, sp. now

M ale. Carapace light golden brown. Legs and abdomen also a rather light brown. The setae of legs and abdomen also brown, with the tips appearing more yellowish gray. The abdomen in the male typically with a dark velvety dorsal spot posteriorly, this spot in the female covering the entire dorsum, as indicated by Ausserrer for stein- dachneri. Anterior median eyes obviously farther apart than from the lat­ erals. Posterior lateral eyes as large as the anterior laterals and sep- aparted from them by about their radius, long elliptic in form, very much larger than the posterior medians which are circular; the medians separated from the laterals but obviously farther from the anterior medians. Reduced setae 011 anterior face of coxae of legs of normal form, attenuated gradually into the bristle tip, proximally dark brown, dis­ tally grayish, numerous and evenly spaced below suture, those above suture somewhat finer than the larger of those below suture. A few fine stae among the pili on dorsal surface of coxa, much as in cryptetlms, but no special patch of these dorsally. Oil anterior face the palpus bears the usual spine at distal end of femur, one spine on patella, and typically five on the tibia, arranged either 1-3-1 or 1-2-2. The usual long submedian ventral spine on tibia, this easily lost. Tibia I with a ventral spine at middle; a single distal spine as usual. Metatarsus IV scopulate over about two-thirds of length, III to base or nearly so. Length: total, 4(5 m m .; without chelicerae, 40 111111. Cephalothorax: length, 18 mm.; width, 16 111111.

Legs 1 11 hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 8 7 6.2 7 6.5 Trochanter ...- .. 4 3.2 3.2 3.3 3.2 Femur ...... - 15.8 13.5 14.2 15.5 10.6 Patella ...... 8 7 6 6 5.6 Tibia ...... 12 10 9.1 12 8.8 Metatarsus ...- .. 13.2 13 13.5 16.8 Tarsus ...... 8 8 8 8 4

T otals .. 69.0 61.7 60.2 68.6 38.7

L o c a l i t y . Uncertain, the label reading “ California” with a ques­ tion mark. One male (holotvpe) and one female (allotype). In the American Museum collection is a male in poor condition which is appar­ ently this species. It is from the Sierra Madre, near Los Angeles, and was collected by Chas. L. Camp. The name steindachneri has been applied to several different spe­ APHONOPELMA 19 cies like the present one in having the black spot 011 the abdomen. Which is the true steindachneri is at present uncertain but may be the form flbove described.

Aphonopelma baergi, sp. nov.

Female. General color throughout deep chocolate brown, nearly black. Long hairs of legs mostly of similar color, but in part, 011 pos­ terior pairs more especially, rust colored. Long setae of abdomen also rust colored. Setae of anterior face of normal form, the attenuation from the darkened, brownish basal region to the paler fine tip being very grad­ ual. The long grayish tips form a mat largely concealing the darker hairs. The few dark setae 011 the caudo-dorsal surface completely concealed by the mat of pili and piliform tips.

Tibia -|- patella IV equal in length to tibia 4" patella I, shorter than cephalothorax; metatarsus IV scopulate over about the distal fourth of length; III scopulate nearly to base.

Eyes of anterior row nearly equidistant, all widely separated, with the medians but little farther from each other than from the lat­ erals. Posterior median eyes slightly elliptic, smaller than the laterals from which distinctly separated but farther from the anterior medians. Posterior lateral eyes but little smaller than the anterior laterals from which separated by nearly their diameter.

Length: total, 63 mm., without chelicerae, 49 111111. Cephalothorax: length, 36 111111.; width, 34 mm.

Legs 1 11 hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 12 10 9.5 10 10 Trochanter .. 5.8 5 4.5 4.5 4.5 Femur ...... 19 17.5 14.5 18 14.2 Patella ...... 11.8 10.2 10 9.8 8.8 Tibia ...... 13.2 11 11 13 10 Metatarsus .. 11.5 11 12.8 17 Tarsus ...... 9.5 9 9 9.5 10

T otals __ .. 82.8 73.7 71.3 81.8 57.5

L o c a l i t y . Arkansas: Fayetteville. One adult and one immature female. W . J. Baerg, collector.

A species readily distinguished from others known from the United States by its large size, its coloration and the spacing and propor­ tions of the eyes. In the spacing of the anterior eyes suggesting helluo and chalcodes, but different from these in other respects. 20 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Aphonopelma consocius, sp. nov.

Female. The proximal setae below suture on coxa I coarse and dark in color with obvious, fine setae among the hair above suture. On the coxa of the palpus the setae are more numerous and are distributed over entire length below suture and are also more abundant above suture. Metatarsi III and IV scopulate over only three-fourths or less the length. The eye-tubercle lower. Anterior row of eyes conspicuously pro­ curved; median eyes decidedly smaller than the laterals, about their diameter apart and much closer to the laterals. Posterior row distinct­ ly recurved; median eyes relatively larger than in balboanum and angular in outline instead of round, nearly contiguous with laterals and but narrowly removed from the anteroir medians. Lateral eves on each side close together, the interval less than radius of eye, the anterior and posterior equal or very nearly so. Sigilla of sternum smaller and contiguous with margin. Total length, 36 mm.; without chelicerae, 31 mm. Length of car­ apace, 18 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Panama: Balboa, Canal Zone. One female taken by V. R. Lvman, 31 Oct., 1935. San Diego Museum.

Suggesting A. barroanum, but a considerably smaller species very distinct in the characters of the eyes as indicated, as well as in coxal setae, seopulation of metatarsi, etc.

Aphonopelma balboanum, sp. nov.

Female. Clothing of carapace and chelicerae shining brown. Color of legs and abdomen similar, the long setae of the latter rust red. This species is probably best to be distinguished by the characters of coxa I and coxa of palpus. On the anterior face of coxa I the special setae in the area below the suture are fine and developed only over middle and proximal regions while replaced distally with ordinary hairs; above the suture ordinary hairs form a scopula; on posterior face no true setae, these also lacking, or nearly so, on caudo-dorsal surface. Tro­ chanter I with setae both on anterior and on posterior surface. Coxae of palpus below suture clothed with ordinary hairs except at distal end where there are some moderately stout setae; black setae of special character also above suture. Trochanter of palpus with setae on posterior face; anterior face with ordinary hair except laterally where setae arc present. All metatarsi scopulate over entire length. Sternum with a pair of small but distinct sigilla opposite fourth coxae, these obliquely elongate and submarginal in position. GOSIPELMA 21

Median portion of ocular tubercle high, carrying the anterior median eves well above the level of the others. Anterior row of eves strongly procurved; median eyes slightly smaller than the laterals, a little farther from each other than from the laterals. Posterior row of eves distinctly recurved; medians much smaller than the laterals from which thev are only narrowly separated. Anterior laterals little larger than the posterior laterals from which separated by a little less than the diameter of the latter. Total length, 4<6 mm.; without chelicerae, 39 mm. Length of cara­ pace, 24 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Panama: Balboa, Canal Zone. One female taken Oct. 31, 1935, by V. R. Lyman. San Diego Museum.

Subgenus GOSIPELMA Chamberlin, new

Aphonopelma angusi, sp. nov.

Femora of legs and palpi black, the other joints gray. Abdomen black, with the long setae gray. Carapace with yellowish gray pubes­ cence. Anterior median eyes about their diameter apart, half as far from the laterals. Posterior laterals but little smaller than the anterior laterals, from which separated by nearly their diameter; larger than the medians, which are broadly ovate, with the narrower end caudad, these subcontiguous with the laterals but separated by about their radius from the anterior medians. Special setae on anterior face of coxae of legs much reduced, fine and hair-like above base, a distinct basal circle about each.

Trochanter I with numerous setae on caudal face; anterior face clothed with hairs only. Anterior face of trochanter of palpus with spines and hairs; caudal face with cloak of long hairs.

Metatarsus IV scopulate over about distal half of length, the scopula divided and extending somewhat farther along the sides. Scop­ ula extending over nearly four-fifths of length of metatarsus III, and to the base of II and I as usual. On the anterior side of the palpus of the male the femur bears the usual spine at distal end, the patella bears one spine and the tibia four arranged thus: 1-2-1. No ventral spine detected on the tibia. Tibia I with a ventral spine near middle and one at base. Two spines at distal end on outer side. Length: total, 30 mm.; without chelicerae, 26 mm. Cephalothorax: length, 12 mm.; width, 11 mm. 22 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Legs i ii in IV P alpus Coxa ...... (5 5.2 4.2 5 5.2 Trochanter ...... 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.2 1.7 Femur ...... 11.1 11 10 12 7.2 Patella ...... 5.1 5.1 5 5.(J 4 Tibia ...... 10.2 9 8 10 7 Metatarsus —... 10 10 10 14 Tarsus ...... 5.6 6 6 (5.3 3

T otals ...... 50.9 48.8 45.4 55.1 28.1

L o c a l i t y . Utah: Two miles west of Beaver Dam Mts., Washing­ ton Co., in Lower Sonoran Zone. A male and female observed mating 011 Oct. 7, 1939, by Dr. Angus M. Woodbury and Messrs. Ross Hardy, Harold Higgins and Robert Pendleton. A second male, of which meas­ urements are given above, was taken separately.

The female taken is notably smaller than the male with which it mated, but detailed measurements are not given as it is at present being kept alive along with its mate. But little is known concerning the habits of the Dclopelma group of species beyond the fact the the males wander about in the late sum­ mer and early fall as with Aphonopelma proper, while the females remain in and near their burrows. The following interesting account of the m ating in the field of one species, A . angusi, described above, is supplied by Dr. Angus M. Woodbury: “On Oct. 7, 1939, on Beaver Dam Slope, we observed two of these tarantulas in copulation at the mouth of the female’s hole, which we blocked. The female reared up on hind legs, the larger male using his first and second pair of legs (not pedipalps) against the female to hold her in vertical position, first pair against her pedipalps. His pedipalps were dropped downward between them in such position that the points of the bulb could be inserted in the epigynum. AVhile we watched, the left was inserted three times and the right twice, alter­ nately, after which he pushed her backward slightly as he backed off with a slight fluttering of legs of both tarantulas, followed by a quick run of about 14 inches passing her at an angle of about 45°. He stop­ ped here and then proceeded leisurely on his way. She attempted to enter her hole, but finding it blocked began digging with her chelicerae in an attempt to remove the blockade. “When captured a few7 minutes later and placed in a bottle, they ignored or avoided one another.” The male and female referred to in this account were long kept alive in the author’s office after their capture. The male was observed on Oct. 20 again holding the female in the position described in the account above and attempting copulation, but the pair separated al­ most immediately after I observed the activity and I was unable to determine whether copulation was actually effected or not. GOSIPELMA 23

Aphonopelma nayaritum, sp. nov.

General color a rich brown. The dense mat of pilose hair over carapace and abdomen brown. Long erect setae over entire dorsum, these also brown in color. Legs with pili and setae similarly brown.

Ocular tubercle densely pilose and with long setae 011 median band ■IS usual. Anterior median eyes scarcely their diameter apart, closer to the laterals. Lateral eyes 011 each side separated by radius of the much smaller posterior one. Posterior median eyes somewhat elongate, smaller than the laterals with which subcontiguous while separated from the anterior medians. Femur of palpus with a stout spine toward distal end on anterior face; patella unarmed; tibia with four stout spines 011 inner (anterior) face, one basal, one distal and two submedian, while the ventral face bears three spines, two of which, a submedian and a sublateral one, are in line toward anterior edge and one submedian one toward posterior or ectal edge. Anterior surface of coxa I below suture with a pilose area dis­ tally, otherwise densely clothed with reduced setae, of variable size from moderate to minute, none robust. Area above principal suture with setae promixally and above second suture with some across distal end. No setae or dorso-caudal face. Anterior face of coxa of palpus (en- dite) with modified setae above and along suture and below suture at distal end slender, almost piliform, and with jjili elsewhere.

Trochanter I on caudal side with many setae; 011 anterior side with clothing of ordinary hair and setae nearly absent. Trochanter of palpus 011 anterior side with many setae; 011 caudal with clothing of hair and no setae in middle region. Tibia I with ventral spines at base, near middle and toward base of spur. Total length, 27 mm. Length without chelicerae, 24 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 12 mm.; width, 11.6.

Legs 1 11 in IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 6 5 5 5.1 5 Trochanter ...... 3 2.5 2.5 3 2.2 Femur ...... 11 12.8 10.2 13 8 Patella ...... 0.2 6 5 5.7 4.2 Tibia ...... 11.2 10.2 7.6 11.1 7 Metatarsus ...... 9.3 .9.8 10.5 15 Tarsus ...... 7 6 5.8 6 3.2

T otals .. 56.7 47.3 46.6 58.9 29 .6 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Mexico: Nayarit. 5 June, 1935. One male taken by Albert E. Maas. 24 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Aphonopelma zionis, sp. nov.

M ale. General color of legs, carapace and abdomen light brown, a small black area on eve tubercle and a large black dorsal spot on caudal portion of abdomen. Setae light brown, the long ones of abdomen gray over distal part. Anterior median eves farther apart than from the laterals. Lat­ erals on each side subequal, separated by about their radius. Posterior median eyes much smaller than the laterals, narrowly elliptic, close to laterals and only a short distance from the anterior medians. Hairs on anterior face of coxae of legs slender, pale and numerous, but retaining in large part the true seta form as usual. Trochanter I with spines on anterior face, ordinary hairs on caudal. Setae absent on anterior face above, and on caudal face of trochanter I of palpus, setae present only below across end. Anterior side of palpus with a spine at distal end of femur, none on patella, and four on tibia, arranged 1-2-1. A long ventral spine medioectal in position. Tibia I with two ventral spines at base and a similar pair a little proximad of middle. Total length, 25 mm.; length without chelicerae, 22.5 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 10.2 mm.; width, 9.2 mm.

Legs i ii iii IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 4.5 4 3.8 4 3 Trochanter .... - 2 1.6 1.6 2 1.9 Femur ...... 10 9.2 8.7 10.2 6.6 Patella ...... 5 4.5 4.2 4.2 3.8 Tibia ...... 9 7.2 6.5 7.8 5.8 Metatarsus ...... 9 7.8 9 12.2 Tarsus ...... 4.5 4.5 4.2 6 2.2

T otals —... 43.5 38.8 38.0 46.4 23.3 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Utah: Zion National Park, near entrance. One male taken Aug. 16', 1925, by^ Dr. A. M. Woodbury. In general appearance resembling A . phasmus but a more robust form readily distinguishable in having four spines on the anterior side of the tibia of the palpus instead of two.

Aphonopelma phanus, sp. nov.

M ale. In color very similar to clarum and brunnius, somewhat darker brown with a similar bronze lustre. The setae of legs sparser than in those species. Setae of anterior face of coxae somewhat coarser than in clarum and more evenly attenuated above base as shown in the figures. GOSIPELMA 25

The species is readily distinguished from brunnius and clarum in having metatarsus IV scopulate over only the distal fourth of length. Metatarsus III scopulate over about half the length. Metatarsus II scopulate nearly to base though scopular hairs are rather sparse prox- jmallv. Metatarsus I scopulate to base. Coxa I with numerous setae on anterior surface, and with slender setae among hairs on caudal surface as well as on caudodorsal surface. Trochanter I bearing long, ordinary hairs with a few intermixed fine setae on the anterior surface and ordinary stout setae on the caudal side. Patella of palpus unarmed as in clarum. Inner face of tibia of palpus with 4 or 5 spines, typically arranged thus: 1-1-2-1, there being three spines in a lower row and two in the upper. In addition there is a long ventral spine toward outer side and in a submedian position as in the related species. Tibia I with submedian ventral spine. Total length, 35 mm.; length without chelicerae, 29.5 mm. Cephal­ othorax: length, 15.2 mm.; width, 14.2 mm.

Legs i ii in IV P alpus Coxa ...... 7.2 6.2 5.8 6 5.2 Trochanter .. .. 2.6 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.1 Femur ...... 15 13.8 13 14 9 Patella ...... 7 7 6.8 7 5.2 Tibia ...... 13 11 9.2 12 8 Metatarsus .. .. 12 12 12.2 16.2 Tarsus ...... 7 7 6.8 8.5 3.5

T otals ...... 63.8 59.5 54.0 65.9 33.0 mm.

L o c a l i t y . California: Laguna Beach. July, 1931. One male.

Aphonopelma ruedanum, sp. nov.

Color brown as in nayaritum but the long dorsal setae of abdomen more rust colored. Eves nearly as in nayaritum but the posterior median relatively smaller. Lateral eyes on each side separated by nearly the diameter of a posterior one. Metatarsus IV with numerous ventral spines, scopulate only at tip. Metatarsus III scopulate over distal half. Metatarsus II scopu­ late except at base, and I over entire length. Anterior face of coxa I and coxa of palpus much as in nayaritum but the special setae more sparse. Trochanter I with anterior face clothed with hair and but few setae; caudal face with setae. No setae among hairs on caudal face of trochanter of palpus; setae on anterior face as usual. 26 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Differing in the spine armature of the palpus in that the patella bears a slender spine on the anterior face while the anterior face of the tibia bears four spines— one basal, two submedian and one apical— while there is none on the ventral face. Tibia I with ventral spines at base, middle and toward spur; the usual single spine at distal end on outer side. Total length, 29 mm. Length without chelicerae, 26 mm. Cephal- othorax: length, 12.7 mm.; width, 12 mm.

Legs i ii hi IV P alpus Coxa ...... 4.1 4 4 4.2 4 Trochanter .. .. 2.5 2.2 2.2 2.4 2.1 Femur ...... 13 11.1 9 11.2 6.2 Patella ...... 6 5 4.6 5 4.3 Tibia ...... 10 8.1 8 9.5 6.8 Metatarsus .... 9.2 7.2 8.8 11 Tarsus ...... 5.1 5.1 5.8 6 3

T otals ...... 50.7 42.7 38.4 59.3 26.4 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Mexico: La Rueda Diego. J. H. Beatly, 1904, two males. San Diego Museum.

Subgenus DELOPELMA Petrunkeviteh, emend.

Aphonopelma simulatum Chamberlin and Ivie

Bull. Univ. o f Utah, Biol. Series, vol. V , no. 1, 1939, p. 8.

T y p e L o c a l i t y . Utah: Fruit a. One male.

O t h e r L o c a l i t y . New Mexico: June Springs. Male and female from this locality. The name marxi as heretofore used undoubtedly has covered several different species including the present one. Simon gives the localities for specimens which he had in hand when he described marxi as “ California: San Bernardino Mts. (Geo. Marx) ; New Mexico: Punta-del-Aqua (Geo. M arx).” W e may regard the San Bernardino Mts. as the type locality. Until the types are critically restudied or ample material from the San Bernardino Mts. examined the precise identity of the species must remain in doubt. Aphonopelma behlei, sp. nov.

In life the body and appendages throughout appear solid black in color, both the short appressed and the long hairs of the abdomen and the fringe of the endites, which are reddish or rust-colored, whereas m simulatum, which the present species seems most to resemble, these hairs are cinereous. Among other characters, it also differs from simulatum in having the anterior median eyes nearer to each other than to the laterals, in the relatively much shorter tarsi, and in the larger size. DELOPELMA 27

Ocular tubercle strongly convex; anterior median eyes circular, de- cidedlv smaller than the elliptic laterals, their radius apart, farther from the laterals. Posterior eyes much smaller than the anterior, sub­ circular, subequal, the median on each side nearly contiguous with the lateral and with the anterior median. Space between the lateral ej^es

011 each side scarcely equal to diameter of the posteriar one. Spinules across anterior border of labium and on mesal area of endites numerous and even, small. M etatarsus I obviously shorter than the tibia; moderately curved a little proximad of middle. All tarsi de­ cidedly shorter than the metatarsi. Metatarsus I scopulate through­ o u t; II except at base; III over somewhat more than the distal half;

and IV over somewhat less than half. Tibia of palpus of male armed 011 the mesal surface with two slender submedian spines of which the more dorsal and anterior is smaller and may be lacking. Palpal organ with stylus about equal in length to the bulb proper, curved, distally slender with extreme tip somewhat sinuous. Special setae on anterior face of coxa I numerous both above and below suture; these fine, darkened at base only, those above suture stouter, none on anterior face of endite of palpus. Trochanter I w7ith setae on posterior side; ordinary hairs but also numerous intermixed on anterior side. Trochanter of palpus with

setae on anterior side, only ordinary hairs 011 posterior. On ventral face of tibia I spines present at base, middle and near spur, and between middle and base. Total length, 30 mm.; length without chelicerae, 25 mm.

Cephalothorax: length, 11.5 111111.; width, 11 mm.

Legs 1 n hi IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 6 5 5 5 5 Trochanter .. 2 l.S 1.8 1.8 1.8 Femur ...... 12 10.8 9 11 7 Patello ...... 6 5.5 5 5 4.8 Tibia ...... 9.2 8 7.2 8.5 6.8 Metatarsus - .. 7.4 7.5 7 11 Tarsus ...... 5.2 5.2 4 6 3

T otals ...... 47.8 43.8 39.0 48.3 28.4 mm

L o c a l i t y : Arizona: Coconino Co., Grand Canyon Village, 7 0 0 0 ft. el., 15 Sept., 1939. Two males taken by Dr. W . H. Behle on a paved highway after a heavy rain.

O t h e r L o c a l i t y : New Mexico: Aztec. One male and female. H yde coll. 28 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Aphonopelma phasmus, sp. nov.

Eurypelma steindachneri Gertscli (not of Ausserer), Am. Mus. Nov., 1935, no. 792, p. 5.

The long hairs of legs and body dark brown, the pubescence of legs and body in general light brown, the pubescence of carapace denser, thickly matted; posterior portion of abdomen with a black, velvety spot as in steindachneri. Anterior median eyes circular, clearly smaller than the laterals, less than their diameter apart an da little closer to the laterals. Pos­ terior median ey^es elliptic, decidedly smaller than the laterals which are circular. Lateral eyes somewhat less than the radius of th posteriar one apart. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate to base. Metatarsus III sco­ pulate over about distal three-fourths, and metatarsus IV over a some­ what lesser distance. Special setae on anterior face of coxa I numerous and unmixed below suture except at ends of area where grading into the fine hair, these setae thicker, fine and hair-like; also above suture in proximal po­ sition. Anterior face of endite with setae sparse and relatively long, fine hairs few. Trochanter I with numerous setae on caudal side, none among hair on anterior face. Trochanter of palpus with setae on anterior side, none on caudal. Iinner face of tibia of palpus bearing two long, stout spines on a very oblique line, these spines as long as diameter of joint at point of in­ sertion; the ventral face of tibia with two spines at distal end toward inner edge. Tibia I with one submedian ventral spine. Total length, 24 mm. Length without chelicerae, 21 mm. Gephalo- thorax: length, 8 mm.; breadth, 7.5 mm.

Legs i n hi IV P alpus

Coxa ...... 4.1 3.8 3.5 4 3.4 Trochanter .. 2.2 2 1.9 2 1.2 Fem ur ...... 9 8.5 8.2 9.1 4.5 Patella ...... 4 4 3.2 4 3.1 Tibia ...... 8.2 7 7.5 8.2 5.2 Metatarsus .. 7.2 7.6 6.2 10.2 Tarsus ...... 4.9 4.8 4.2 5 2.3

T otals ...... 39.6 37.7 34.7 42.5 19.7 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Arizona: Grand Canyon, Phantom Ranch. 26 July. 1934. One male collected bv Dr. Lutz. American Museum collection. DELOPELMA 29

Aphonopelma heterops, sp. nor.

yuri/pehno steindachneri Gertsch (not of Simon), in part, Am. Mus. Nov., 1935, no. ' 792, p. 4.

Female. The small females upon which this species is based may n o t be fully grown; but they seem to present distinctive features that should make identification relatively easy. These pertain especially to the eyes, of which the anterior laterals are exceptionally large and elon- o-ate, much exceeding in size any of the other eyes. They are less than one-fourth their long diameter from the posterior laterals and are about the same distance from the anterior medians. The posterior laterals are commonly subquadrate with the corners well rounded, much larger than the posterior medians which are very broadly ovate, with the nar­ rower end pointing caudad. The posterior medians are contiguous with the posterior laterals and separated from the anterior medians by about their own radius. The anterior medians are widely separated from each other, while the eyes on each side form a group in which they are unusu­ ally close to each other. The general color is light brown except for a conspicuous black spot on the dorsum of the abdomen. The hairs on anterior face of the coxae are rather sparse. They are much reduced but are distinctly setiform, the basal region being darker and decidedly thicker than the middle and apical portions. Trochanter I with stout setae on caudal side, ordinary hairs and finer setae on anterior. Length, 24> mm.

L o c a l i t y . Texas: Edinburg. Several females taken by S. Mulaik, Sept.-Dec., 1933. A fuller account is withheld pending the securing of more ample material and especially of males.

Aphonopelma orthonops, sp. nov.

The specimens representing this species are five females, one of which is obviously immature. In general appareance they resemble heterops, being similarly light colored except for a black dorsal spot on the abdomen. They seem sufficiently distinct from that and other re­ lated species in the arrangement and proportions of the eyes. The ante­ rior median eyes are not so far from each other but arc correspondingly farther from the anterior laterals than in heterops. The anterior lat­ eral eves are smaller, less elongate. The posetior laterals are larger relatively to the anterior. The posterior medians are sub-rotund, con­ tiguous with the laterals but separated from the anterior medians by about their radius. Anterior laterals separated from the posterior lat­ erals by the radius of the latter or somewhat more. Hairs of anterior face of coxae numerous but well spaced, setifer- ous, rapidly attenuated above the thicker base. 30 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Setae on caudal side of trochanter I, also some among hairs on anterior side. Length, 23 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Arizona: Tucson. July-Aug., 1935. Five fe m a le s taken by P. Steckler.

Among other known Arizona species of the Delopelma group, prob­ ably most closely related to D. pliasmus. From this species differing in having the posterior median eyes more elongate, narrowly elliptic, in­ stead of round, and nearly as long as the laterals. The laterals on each side are closer together in orthonops in which also the posterior medians are distinctly separated from the laterals instead of being contiguous. It should be noted, however, that the two species are based upon females and male respectively.

CHAUNOPELMA, gen. nov.

Small spiders in which the anterior face of coxa I is clothed with fine, soft and prone hairs. Anterior face of trochanter I and posterior face of the trochanter of the palpus clothed with similar prone hairs. Dorsal surface of trochanter I and ventral of trochanter of palpus setose. Anterior face of tibia of palpus bearing typically three spines, and the ventral surface toward posterior side bearing two very long, slender spines. Tibia I decidedly longer than metatarsus I.

G enotype: Delopelma radinum C. & I.

Chaunopelma radinum (Chamberlin and Ivie)

Delopelma radinum Chamberlin and Ivie, Bull, of Univ. of Utah, Biol. Series, vol. V, no. 1, 1939, p. 4, PI. I ll, f. 6 and PI. IV , ff. 10, 11.

L o c a l i t y . California: Manhattan Beach. One male.

CLAVOPELMA, gen. nov.

This genus is characterized by having on the anterior face of coxa I a rather dense coat of fine, hair-like setae which are filiform and o f uniform width, except toward ventral surface where they gradually as" sume the normal form of setae. Anterior face of tibia of palpus bear­ ing typically fine setae. Dorsal surface of trochanter of palpus o f male densely clothed with hairs which in the genotype are flattened, straight, and moderately clavate, of scopular type, similar straight hairs occurring also on the anterior face of coxa I except that they are not clavate. Anterior surface of trochanter of palpus and dorsal face of leg I setose. T he four eyes on each side close together in a g ro u p ; lateral ej'es typically subqual and separated by their radius or less.

Genotype. Eurypelma tamaulipeca Chamberlin. DUGES1ELLA 31

Clavopelma tamaulipecum (Chamberlin) p urypelma tamawlipeca Chamberlin, Univ. of Michigan Studies, Sci. Series, vol. XII, ' 1937, p. 288, f. 17.

L o c a l i t y . Tamaulipeca, July 26-29, 1930. L. R. Dice. Many adult males, one adult female, three partly grown and five very young specimens. One male at Marmolejo, August 1-10, 1930. L. R. Dice.

Genus DUGESIELLA Pocock

Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 7 ser., 1901, vol. V I I I , p. 552.

This genus, established by Pocock for the Mexican species crinita, also includes, among others, the species indicated below.

K e y t o S p e c i e s o f D u g e s i e l l a

a. Trochanter I with more or less numerous stout setae over middle of anterior face. b. Abdomen light in color, with a conspicuous velvety black spot above...... armada, new bb. Abdomen darker, dorsum of uniform or nearly uniform color, with no such dorsal black spot. c. Trochanter I on anterior face with numerous, long unspecialized setae of ordinary length; setae along distal margin below suture on I not specialized, in part replaced by hair. . . eustathes, new cc. Trochanter I with setae conspicuously modified either as to size alone or as to size and form; those along distal border of coxa I below suture of specialized form. d. Setae on middle area of trochanter I numerous, dark, stout and of form of specialized setae of coxa I. e. Dark in color like D. hentzi; special setae on caudodorsal face of coxa I not found distad of middle. f. Along distal margin above suture of coxa I a close- set series of stout black spines which do not have bristle-like tips. .... echina, new ff. No series of such spines, the setae present slender and prolonged into bristle-like tips, not uniseriate...... harlingena, new ee. Much lighter in color than D. hentzi; special setae on caudodorsal face of coxa I found intermixed with hair to distal end, the more distal setae very fine...... coloradana, new dd. Setae on middle area of trochanter I fewer, intermixed with hair, much reduced in lengtli and stoutness but not of form of specialized setae of trochanter I. . . hentzi (G irard) aa. Trochanter I clothed over middle of anterior face with hair unmixed with stout setae. b. Distal border of coxa I below suture with marginal series of dark, stout, specialized setae; special setae of coxa I obviously more slender than in hentzi...... ivichitana, new bb. Distal border of coxa I below suture bearing no such stout marginal setae, but only hairs or hair-like setae; special setae as stout or stouter than in hentzi. 32 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

c. Special setae of anterior face of coxa I relatively thicker than in hentzi and fewer in number, being almost absent from distal and distoventral a r e a ...... wacona, new cc. Special setae of anterior face of coxa I about as in hentzi in size and number, extending w’ell toward distal end. . . anax, new

Dugesiella hentzi (Girard)

Mygale hentzi (Girard), Marcy’s Rep. Red River Louisiana, 1854, p. 262, pi. XVI, figs. 1-3. Eurypelma hentzi Simon, Acct. Soc. Linn. Bordeaux, vol. X L IV , 1890, p. 322. Dugesiella hentzi Simon, Hist. Nat. Ar., 1903, vol. II, p. 937.

While there is nothing really diagnostic in Girard’s description, we may probably safely follow' Simon in applying the name lientzi to the “uniform blackish brown” species which is the most common tarantula over the route of the expedition along the valley of the lied River in Arkansas and Oklahoma, etc. It ranges northward from Arkansas, where it is abundant, into Kansas.

Dugesiella armada, sp. nov.

This species seems to be readily distinguishable in the character of the armature of the coxae. The basal portion of the special setae is unusually stout, conical and black with the tip bristle-like and pale. These setae on the anterior face of coxa I are densely arranged in a band across base and more sparsely along ventral border and along and below the suture, the middle area being pilose; above the suture the black spiniform setae of the proximal band are stouter than elsewhere, and there are also a few of them at distal end. On the caudal surface there is an area of these spiniform setae at the dorsal border in the usual position. Similar setae are on the anterior face of trochanter I and of trochanter of palpus. The coxae of other legs similarly armed but the spiniform setae mostly absent along the suture, while the setae of the trochanter are little modified. The posterior surface of coxa IV simply pilose as usual, with no special setae above. The general color of the body and legs is light brown except for a large velvety black spot on posterior portion of dorsum of abdomen. Setae all light brown or yellowish. Total length, 32 mm.; length without chelicerae, 28 mm. Celphalo- thorax: length, 12.5 mm.; width, 11 mm.

Legs i ii m IV P a l p is

Coxa ...... 5.5 5.2 5 5.3 5.2 Trochanter ..... 2.5 2.1 2.1 2.2 2 Femur ...... 9 8 7 10 9 Tibia ...... 7 6.1 5 7.2 5.2 Metatarsus .. .. 5.5 6 6 8 Tarsus ...... 4.5 5.1 5 5.1 5

T otals ___.. ■10.0 37.5 34.2 42.8 30.9 mm DUGESIELLA 33

L o c a l i t y . Texas: Austin. One female taken in Sept., 1909 by \ petrunkevitch. Am. M. Nat. History. Heretofore probably confused with steindachneri because of simi­ larity in color, but widely different in coxal armature.

Dugesiella eustathes, sp. nov.

Pubescence of carapace somewhat golden gray, the general color of other parts a rich dark brown, with the long setae of abdomen more or less ferruginous as are those of the ventral fringes of the femora of

•egs- . . Anterior median eyes much smaller than the laterals, more than their diameter apart, closer to the laterals. Posterior median eyes much smaller than the laterals with which they' are subcontiguous while sepa­ rated by their diameter from the anterior medians. Laterals on each side separated by somewhat less than the diameter of a posterior one. Metatarsi I and II densely scopulate to base; III scopulate nearly to base and IV over rather more than the distal two-thirds. The setae below suture on anterior face of coxa of palpus mostly long and piliform, excepting some on distal area which are black and somewhat spiniform ,similar ones along suture above. The entire area of anterior fac of ecoxa I below suture subdensely clothed with black spiniform setae, the apices of which are finely drawn out as usual. Simi­ lar black setae above both sutures. No specialized setae along distal margine below suture but only hair and slender, pale unspecialized setae. Trochanter I armed on anterior face with numerous long, unspcial- ized setae; posterior face also with very long, unspecialized setae. Special setae on posterior face of coxae I, II and III few and slen­ der; posterior face of coxa IV pilose only. These posterior setae more slender and less modified than in hentzi. Spiniform setae 011 anterior face of coxa of palpus in a narrow band adjacent to suture both above and below it. Femur of palpus with the usual stout spine toward distal end on mesal side. Patella unarmed. The tibia with setae long and dense; armed 011 mesal face with four spines arranged in the usual 1-2-1 man­ ner; 011 the ventral face a single submedian spine toward outer side. Total length, 54 mm.; length without chelicerae, 47 mm. Cephalo- thorax: length, 23 mm.; width, 20.5 mm.

Legs 1 ii in iv P alp u s Coxa ...... 11 9 8 9 9 Femur ...... 18.2 17.2 16 18 13 Patella ...... 10.8 10 8.2 9 7.2 Tibia ...... 13.5 13 11 14 11 Metatarsus ...... 14.2 15 15 19 Tarsus ...... 9.2 9.2 9.3 10 4

T o t a ls ...... 82.1 78.4 71.7 83.2 48.0 mm. NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

L o c a l i t y . Mexico: Durango, Tlahualilo. One male taken in 1926.

A species close to D . lientzi but a larger, heavier form with more robust legs in which tibia plus patella IV equals the carapace in length instead of exceeding it.

Dugesiella anax, sp. nov.

M ale. The general color is a deep, velvety chocolate brown, nearly black. Setae of similar color, these more or less rufous distally. Over the dark integument of carapace a clothing of lustrous, bronze colored hair. Anterior median eyes smaller than the laterals, farther from each other than from the latter. Posterior row of eyes recurved; laterals and medians subequal, the medians nearly contiguous with laterals and a little less than their length from the anterior medians. Anterior lat­ eral eye much larger than the posterior; interval between lateral eyes a little less than the diameter of the posterior one. Most readily distinguished by the characters of hair and setae on legs and palpus. The special setae on the anterior face of coxa I are a little more slender and a little more sparse than in hentzi, and, unlike the case in the latter, are absent from the distal margin below suture where the border bears a band of long hairs; the setae are reduced and sparse in the distoventral area. Dorsocaudal face covered with a mat of long overlapping hairs with, near the proximal end only, a few much reduced setae; no setae over middle area of posterior surface. Trochanter I on anterior side with a median mat of long hairs similar to those on mesal face of femur, the few' intermixed setae present being fine and hair-like; posterior face with numerous long, non-special- izcd setae. Anterior face of endite with specialized setae along suture above; and below suture along glabrous area these setae mostly distad, else­ where being reduced and finer in going proximad; only a few setae at proximal end of dorsocaudal surface, these slender. Trochanter of palpus with posterior face covered with the usual mat of long hair, the anterior face with setae running transversely as usual. Patella of palpus of male unarmed; mesal face of tibia typically with four spines, 1-2-1, of which the distal is much reduced. Scopula covering less than half the length of metatarsus IV ; that of metatarsus IV covering three-fourths the length. Total length, 44 mm.; without chelicerae, 38 mm. Length of cara­ pace, 19 mm.; width, 17 mm. Tibia -f- patella I, 21 mm.; tibia + patella IV, 21 mm. Tibia I, 11.5 mm.; metatarsus, 12.5 mm. Tibia IV, 13 mm.; metatarsus IV, 17 mm. DUGESIELLA 35

Length of female allotype, 67 mm.; without chelicerae, 58 mm. Length of carapace, 25 mm.; width, 21 mm. Tibia -)- patella I, 18.5 mm. Tibia + patella IV, 22.5 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Texas: Kingsville, male holotype and female allotype taken by Prof. J. C. Cross; Harlingen, three female paratypes taken by Bryce Brown. Dugesiella wichitana, sp. nov.

Male. Coat of carapace yellowish brown. Legs brown. Abdomen darker brown. Long seta of legs brown to grayish, those of abdomen brighter, yellowish of reddish cast. Readily distinguished from the other species by the characters of the setae on coxa I. The special spiniform setae are more slender than in any other known species but with the same general character and ar­ rangement. They are coarsest toward distal end, to which they extend in a broad band and become more and more slender proximad; they are also more slender and much sparser over a ventrodistal area. Above the suture they are in a broad band across proximal end; above the oblique suture the setae are of ordinary form, those along distal end coarsest. Setae on caudodorsal face all reduced to hair-like form. Anterior1 face of trochanter over middle section with hair and some hair-like setae intermixed, dorsal face with coarse setae of ordinary form. Setae on anterior face of coxa (endite) of palpus all hair-likc, some­ what coarser and darker toward distal end both below' and above suture; trochanter with long hair on caudal face, setae and hair on anterior. Tibia of palpus of male with spines 1-2-1, the median pair very long, the apical one short. Anterior median eyes about twice as far from each other as from the somewhat larger laterals. Posterior rows of eyes slightly recurved; median eyes a little smaller than the laterals, with which subcontiguous, hardly their diameter from the anterior medians. Anterior lateral eye much larger than the posterior, the interval a little less than the dia­ meter of the posterior eye. Total length, 34 mm.; without chelicerae, 29 mm. Length of cara­ pace, 15 mm.; width, 14 mm. Length of tibia + patella I, 16 mm.; of

L o c a l i t y . Oklahoma: Wichita National Forest. July 5 , 1 9 2 8 . One male taken by N. M. Newport. Oklahoma University collection.

Dugesiella coloradana, sp. nov.

Female. A species with lighter colored legs and carapace than D. hentzi, the carapace being clothed with yellow or grayish yellow pubescence. Abdomen dark brown. The long setae of chelicerae, legs and abdomen light brown, paler distally. 36 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Distinct from other known forms in the character of the eyes, par­ ticularly in having the lateral eyes more than their diameter apart. An­ terior rowr of eyes strongly procurved; medians somewhat larger thanl the laterals, about their diameter apart, and closer to the laterals. Posterior median eyes a little smaller than the laterals from which well separated, about their diameter from the anterior medians. Metatarsus IV scopulate over more than half its length. Thorax with two pairs of submarginal sigilla, these distinct and nearly equal, a pair opposite bases of second and third legs respectively. Coxa I with spines of anterior face below' suture largest in middle part of area, smallest in proximal region, and least dense toward dis- toventral corner; spines in a narrow band along dorsoproximal side of the patch much finer, hair-like. Above the main suture similar spines, with those distad of the oblique suture mostly longer, more setiform ones. A consj^icuous patch of black, spinescent setae on dorsocaudal face; a few slender setae among pili of caudal face. Anterior face of trochanter I also with stout, black spiniform setae; caudal surface with numerous long setae. Coxa of palpus with black spines similar to those of coxa I below suture distally and along suture above it; trochanter with setae ante­ riorly, and matted hair caudally. Total length, 45 mm.; without chelicerae, 36 mm. Length of cara­ pace, 19 mm.; width, 16 mm. Tibia -f- patella I, 17.5 mm. Tibia -f- patella IV, 17 mm. Metatarsus IV, 14 mm.; tibia IV, 11 mm. Meta­ tarsus I, 9.2 mm.; tibia I, 10 111111.

L o c a l i t y . Colorado: Sugar City. One female.

Dugesiella echina, sp. nov.

M ale. Legs and abdomen chocolate brown. Setae of legs brown, the long ones of abdomen rufous. The coat of carapace a shining, lus­ trous brass color.

The spiniform setae of coxa I are similar to those of D . hentzi 111 number and arrangement, but their basal part is more robust, more conical and blacker. These spines are most slender over proximal re­ gion, and sparsest in the middle of the area toward distal nd. A close- set series of longer spine-like setae across distal end below suture and one of still heavier black spines along distal margin above suture. A patch of numerous black spines above suture proximally and fewer above oblique suture proximad of the distal series. A patch of numer­ ous black spiniform setae on caudodorsal face. Trochanter I with black-based spines 011 anterior face and numer­ ous long setae 011 caudal side. On anterior face of endite the area above the scopula clothed mostly with hair; just below suture from middle distad an irregularly double series of black setae and above this sparse setae among the hairs, DUGESIELLA 37 especially toward scopula. Above and bordering the suture also a band of black setae extending from distal end about two-thirds the dis­ tance to proximal end. Trochanter of palpus 011 anterior face with numerous black setae and 011 caudal face with a mat of long fine hair similar to those 011 adjacent caudal face of endite over its distal area. In the type the inner face of the tibia of the palpus bears four or five spines; thus, 2-2-1 or 1-2-1. The inner face of the patella bears a spine inserted just distad of the middle. The scopula of metatarsus I Vextends from distal end well proxi- mad of middle; that of metatarsus III covers the entire joint except at very base. Anterior median eyes smaller than the laterals, closer to the latter than to each other. Posterior lateral eyes obviously larger than the medians from which they are only narrowly separated while the medians are scarcely their diameter from the anterior medians. Posterior row clearly recurved. Anterior lateral eyes much larger than the posterior laterals. Two eves on each side separated bv clearly less than the diameter of the posterior one. Total length, 40 mm.; length without chelicerae, 34 mm. Length of carapace, 17 mm.; width, 16 mm. Tibia -|- patella I, 18 mm.; tibia -f- patella IV, 20 mm. Tibia I, 11.5 mm., metatarsus I, 12.2 mm. Tibia IV, 12.2 mm.; metatarsus IV, 16 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Colorado: Arkansas Valley. Nov. 15, 1938.

Dugesiella harlingena, sp. nov.

Female. Legs and abdomen dark chocolate brown, in part nearly black, the carapace grayish brown over the dark integument. Setae of legs and abdomen brown, in part of dull rufous cast. Readily recognizable by the character and distribution of the special spiniform setae on the anterior face of coxa I. These are of about the form of those in hentzi, black in color, with among them characteristic very fine, short dark hairs; reduced towrard proxmail end as u su al; dense in a band below the glabrous area adjacent to suture and with a characteristic dense patch between the distal end of this area and the distal margin; the marginal setae proximad of this special patch more slender with apical portion long and fine; the marginal setae above oblique suture of ordinary form with slender apical portion prolonged. The special setae on caudodorsal face small, black and numerous, extending ventrad and intermixed with hair on caudal face. Special setae present over anterior face of trochanter I, these black and evenly distributed; on caudal face the setae are of ordinary form, long and numerous.

Setae and hair 011 articles of palpus nearly typical; the setae on anterior face of trochanter relatively slender and less dense. 38 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS

Posterior row of e\res distinctly recurved; the medians smaller than the laterals from which clearly separated, more than their long diameter from the anterior medians. Anterior lateral eyes much larger than the posterior laterals from which separated by considerably more than the diameter of the latter. Metatarsus III scopulate except at very base. Metatarsus IV scopulate over somewhat more than half its length. Total length, 56 mm.; without chelicerae, 48 mm. Length of carapace, 23 mm.; width, 19 mm. Tibia -|- patella I, 19 mm; tibia -f- patella IV, 19 mm. Tibia IV, 11.5 mm.; metatarsus IV, 15 mm. Tib’ s. I, 10 mm.; metatarsus I, 10 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Texas: Harlingen. Collected b y Bryce Brown.

Dugesiella wacona, sp. nov.

M ale. General color of abdomen and legs a dark chocolate brown, nearly black. Coat of carapace shining bronze color over the dark chocolate colored integument. Abdomen darker, its numerous long setae dark proximally but a light rufous over middle and distal portions. Setae of chelicerae and legs brown and grayish brown, those of the fringe of endites bright red. Anterior median eyes considerably smaller than the laterals, their diameter apart and about half as far from the laterals. Posterior row of eyes very slightly recurved; median eyes a little smaller than the laterals from which narrowly but distinctly separated, about their di­ ameter from the anterior medians. Anterior lateral eye much larger than the posterior, from which separated by nearly the diameter of the latter. Spines on anterior face of coxa I proportionately stouter than in lientzi, and much fewer in number, being almost wholly absent from dis­ tal and distoventral area where those present are widely separated and reduced in size. Above the suture the black spines are confined to a patch across proximal end, or nearly so; the spines distad of the oblique suture confined to a transverse series across distal border. The robust, short black setae on dorsocaudal face comparatively few in number. The special black spiniform setae almost wholly absent from anterior face of trochanter which is clothed mostly with hair and slender setae of ordinary form; posterior face with numerous, long and coarse setae of ordinary form. Scopula on metatarsus III covering about two-thirds the length or a little more. Metatarsur IV scopulate over more than half the length. Total length, 41 mm.; without chelicerae, 36 mm. Length of cara- page, 17 mm.; width, 15 mm. Length of tibia -f- patella I, 17 mm.; of tibia -f- patella IV, 17 mm. Tibia I, 11 mm.; metatarsus I, 11 mm. Tibia IV, 11 mm. metatarsus IV, 15 mm.

L o c a l i t y . Texas: McLennan Co., Waco. Seven males from the Baylor University Museum collection. PSALMOPOEUS 39

BARROPELMA, gen. nov.

Apparently near the Venezuelan Adranochelia, but differing in having metatarsus I wholly scopulate and metatarsus II scopulate over distal portion, as well as in having tarsus II divided bv a distinct median band of setae; the setose band of tarsus IV very wide; setae of the bands coarse. Legs of female moderatly short and stout; tarsus •md metatarsus especially short, with the metatarsus in the anterior pairs but little longer than the tarsus. Eye area decidedly wider than long, separated from the clvpeal margin by about the diameter of an eye. Anterior row of eyes procurved, the posterior recurved. Lateral eyes typically less than their radius apart, the posterior but little smaller than the anterior. Genotype— Barropehna parvior (Chamberlin and Ivie). The spe­ cies was originally described under Eurypelm a.

Genus PSALMOPOEUS Pocock Ann. Mag'. Nat. Hist., (i ser., vol. X V , p. 178. Psalmopoeus intermedius, sp. nov.

Female. Apparently distinct from other species in the character of the lyra on the coxa of pedipalp. This consists in the type of eleven stout curved bacelli which increase in length from the proximal end of the series distad. Beyond this series are some setae stouter than those of the scopula but terminating similarly in a colored apical portion, these setae becoming more slender distad and grading into the ordinary scopular setae. Above the lyra on anterior face of coxa an area of ordinary setae which also occur above the suture. Outer face of chelicerae with the usual transversely striate area, below and distad of which are numerous ordinary hairs but none of spiniform type. Anterior face of coxa I densely clothed with stout, almost spini­ form, setae both above and below the suture, the correspondnig setae on coxa IV much more slender. Metatarsi I and II scopulate to base; metatarsus III scopulate over the distal two-thirds or more of length; metatarsus IV scopulate only on distal fourth or less. Anterior row of eyes procurved. Anterior lateral eyes ellipticallv elongate, the longer diameter somewhat greater than the diameter of the medians; median eyes about three-fourths their diameter apart. Posterior lateral eyes also elliptical, only slightly smaller than the anterior laterals. Lateral eyes on each side separated by about half the lesser diameter of a posterior one. Sternum with the usual two pairs of sigilla, of which the posterior are much largest, obliquely elongate, each separated from the lateral margin by somewhat less than its length. Total length, 44 mm.; length without chelicerae, 38 mm. Length of carapace, 18 mm. L o c a l i t y . Panama. One female taken by C. A. Lawrence, July 18, 1937. In collection of the San Diego Museum.