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New American Tarantulas of the Family Aviculariidae

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New American Tarantulas of the Family Aviculariidae View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Utah: J. Willard Marriott Digital... BULLETIN OF THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH Volume 30 May 6, 1940 No. 13 New American Tarantulas of the Family Aviculariidae BY RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN BIOLOGICAL SERIES, Vol. V, No. 8 PUBLISHED BY THE UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SALT LAKE CITY TH E UNIVERSITY PRESS UNIVERSITY OF UTAH SALT LAKE CITY On New American Tarantulas of The Family Aviculariidae B y R a l p h V . C h a m b e r l i n While accumulating material for a long needed review of nearctic mvgalomorph spiders, a considerable number of species in the family Aviculariidae have been noted which it seems desirable to diagnose and name at this time. It is the purpose of the present paper to do this. It has been found convenient for the present to recognize and use the genera indicated in the key given below, although the limitation of some of these groups, e.g., Dugesiella and Aphonopelma, is not yet as precise as might be wished for. O f these genera Aplionopelma embraces the great majority of the species of the United States falling in the old group Eurypelm a as used by Simon. For loan of material in connection with the present study special acknowledgment is due to Clinton G. Abbott, Director of the Natural History Museum at San Diego, Dr. W . J. Gertsch of the American Museum of Natural History, Dr. A. I. Ortenburger of the University of Oklahoma, Dr. L. T. Murray of Baylor University, and Prof. J. C. Cross of the Texas College of Arts and Industries. K e y t o G e n e r a a. Legs wholly without spines. A lyra of stout bacilli on anterior face of endite . Psahnopoeus Pocock aa. Legs with more or less numerous spines; no such lyra on anterior face of endite. b. Scopulae of third and fourth, and less distinctly of second, legs divided by bands of setae, the setose band of fourth leg nearly as broad as tarsus . Barropelma, gen. nov bb. None of the tarsal scopulae divided by setose lines or bands. c. Coxa I on anterior face densely clothed with uniformly fine, long, appressed hairs or pili....................................Chaunopelma, gen. nov cc. Coxa I on anterior face clothed in considerable part with true setae, though these may be comparatively slender and pale. d. Coxal setae in part conspicuously thickened, basally black and spine-like, similar ones also in a patch on dorsocaudal surface . Dugesiella Pocock dd. Special coxal setae not thus thickened and spine-like, these either of nearly normal size and form or more or less reduced. e. Hairs on caudal side of trochanter of palpus (male) dense, flattened and somewhat davate, of scopular form, those of anterior side of trochanter similar . Clavopelma, gen. nov. ee. Trochanters with no such flattened scopular hairs, hairs being of ordinary form. Aphonpehna Pocock 4 NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS Genus APHONOPELMA Pocock Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., 7 ser., 1S01, vol. Ill, p. 553 Most of the species from the United States formerly listed under E urypelm a conform to Aphonopelma as defined by Pocock in the place indicated above. These species, however, fall into a number of seemingly natural groups which may be conveniently recognized for the present as subgenera. One of these groups, as here recognized, conforms to Simon’s “Eurypelma, group B” which he defines as follows: “Metatarsus anti- cus muticus, tibia brevior. Tarsi insigniter longi, postici leviter fusi- formes, antici metatarsis non multi breviores, ]>ostici metatarsis tantum % breviores. Oculi (salterm in mare )a sese appropinquati. Bulbus maris anguste piriformis, apice sensim attenuatus, tenuissimus et cur- vatus. Tibia pedum-maxillarium intus acules binis submediis tantum arm ata. ( E . M a rxi E. Sim.)” 1Dr. A. Petrunkevitch has recently named marxi as the type of his genus Delopelma.' T his name is here retained for a group of species, as indicated below, related in essential char­ acters to marxi. The group as here understood, however, does not include the species, other than marxi, listed under Delopelma bv Exline and Petrunkevitch. The second group or subgenus is here designated as Gosipelma, of which G. angusi, new, may be taken as the type. This group is in various respects intermediate or transitional between Delopelma and Aphonopelma proper. Some species of the latter group seem to he transitional to true Dugesietta forms. The key below is given as an aid in identifying these subgenera and the species considered under them in the present study. The fol­ lowing new species, being based on females only, are not taken up in the key: Aphonopelma lieterops, A. orthonops and A . baergi. K e y t o S p e c i e s a n d S i ' b g e n e k a o f A p h o n o p e l m a (M ales) a. Tibia I longer than metatarsus I. n. Only two spines, these submedian, on anterior face of tihia of palpus. subgenus Delopelma Petrunkevitch e. Tibia I with ventral spines at base and middle or at middle alone; setae absent or sparse among hairs on anterior face of trochanter I; tibia of palpus with one or two ventral spines. d. With a single ventral spine on tibia of palpus, this submedian. vorhiesi C. & I- dd. With two ventral spines on tibia of palpus, these toward dis­ tal end............................................................................phasmus, new cc. Tibia I with ventral spines at 4 or -5 levels between base and spur; tibia of palpus normally without ventral spines; setae more or less numerous among hairs on anterior face of trochanter I. 1 Hist. Nat. Araignees, vol. 1, 1892, p. 167. -Trans. Com. Acad. Sci., Apr., 1939, p. 252; also Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Dec., 193.1, ser. II, vol. IV, p. 567. APHONOPELMA 5 d. The two submedian spines of anterior face of tibia of palpus subequal and stout, set on a line but little oblique to the ver­ tical and normally close to each other. simulatum C. & I dd. The two submedian spines unequal, the anterior more or less reduced and sometimes setiform or absent, set on a line de­ cidedly oblique to the vertical and more w'idely separated. behlei, new lib. Tibia of palpus normally with four spines on anterior face, 1-2-1 (rarely 5 in phanus, then 1-2-1-1)......................................Oosipelma, new' subgenus c. Tibia of palpus with three ventral spines . nayaritum, new cc. Tibia of palpus with but one ventral spine or with none. d. Abdomen with a conspicuous dorsal black spot on caudal area. ...................................................................................... ......... zionis, new dd. Abdomen with no such conspicuous black spot. e. Tibia of palpus with a long, stout ventral spine. phanus, new ee. Tibia of palpus with no such ventral spine. f. General color black; anterior coxal setae fine, with a conspicuous basal ring; long setae of abdomen gray. ....... angusi, new' ff. General color brown; coxal setae coarser; setae of abdomen rust colored. ruedanum, new Tibia 1 not longer than metatarsus I, usually clearly shorter. ............................................................................subgenus Aphonopelma P ocock, sens. str. 1). Tibia + patella IV equal to or somewhat shorter than the carapace. Posterior eyes equal, the medians subrotund; clothing of carapace and chelicerae lustrous silky yellow or golden. chalcodes, new bb. Tibia + patella IV distinctly longer than the carapace. c. Scopula on metatarsus IV extending over less than the distal half. d. Coat of carapace and legs lustrous olivaceous as in rusticum ; metatarsus IV scopulate over distal third. reversum, new dd. Coat of carapace brow'n, not olivaceous; metatarsus IV scopu­ late over nearly half the length. moderatum C. & I. cc. Metatarsus IV scopulate over from half to three-fourths the length. d. Lateral eyes on each side separated by the diameter of a posterior one or nearly so. e. A larger, more robust form over 4.0 mm. in length; an­ terior face of coxae densely clothed with coarse setae which are blackish proximally. eutylenum, new ee. A smaller form about 30 mm. long; anterior face of coxae with hairs mostly long and piliform, the setae fewer, paler and finer. .... clarum, new dd. Lateral eyes more narrowly separated, the distance at most but little more than the radius of the posterior eye. e. Anterior lateral eyes much larger than the posterior lat­ eral eyes. f. Patella of palpus bearing three stout spines on an­ terior face. ..... brunnius, new ff. Patella bearing a single, slender spine or none. NEW AMERICAN TARANTULAS g. Patella bearing no spine. h. Special setae on anterior face of coxa I notably sparser toward ventral border and wholly replaced by ordinary hairs over a considerable distal area; general color yellowish brown. , ......................................nevadawurm, new hh. Special setae numerous and nearly uni­ form from subsutural glabrous band to ventral edge and extending farther dis- tad than in nevadanum. i. General color dark brown, the setae also brown; pubescence of carapace dark golden or ap­ proaching bronze; marginal spines above oblique suture not enlarged. prosoieus, new ii. General color lighter, grayish brow n; long setae of legs and abdomen in part gray; carapace light gray, in part of pale gold cast; marginal spines more ro­ bust than those of adjacent sur­ face. griseum, new gg. Patella bearing a single spine. h. Pilose coat of carapace and legs silky olivaceous; special coxal setae reduced, each arising from a conspicuous basal circle. rusticum (Simon) hh. N ot silky olivaceous; coxal setae coars­ er, less modified, the basal circle absent or more inconspicuous. i. Tibia I equal in length to meta­ tarsus I.
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