DOCSLIB.ORG

{Dоwnlоаd/Rеаd PDF Bооk} Wolf Moon

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
{Dоwnlоаd/Rеаd PDF Bооk} Wolf Moon WOLF MOON PDF, EPUB, EBOOK Charles de Lint | 256 pages | 19 Jan 2004 | Penguin Young Readers Group | 9780142400777 | English | New York, NY, United States Full moon - Wikipedia The time of the full moon is the same everywhere, since it is determined by where the moon is relative to Earth rather than its apparent position in the sky, which is slightly different, depending on one's location. In accordance with local times, observers in the British Isles and Portugal will see the moon become full at p. In New York City, the moon will rise at p. The moon will be in the constellation Gemini and will rise about 2 minutes before sunset. As the moon is on the opposite side of Earth from the sun, one would expect that it would pass through Earth's shadow. Because the plane of the moon's orbit around Earth is tilted, however, lunar eclipses do not happen every time the moon is full. The penumbral lunar eclipse on Jan. A penumbral eclipse doesn't darken the moon nearly as much as a total lunar eclipse, also known as a blood moon. During a total lunar eclipse, the moon passes through the inner part of Earth's shadow called the umbra. As the light from the sun is refracted through Earth's atmosphere, it darkens until it turns a reddish color. A penumbral eclipse can be difficult to notice with the naked eye. If you want to try and see it, you need to be where the moon is above the horizon when it touches Earth's shadow, which will be in Europe, Africa, Asia and the far northeastern and northwestern regions of North America. In London, for example, the moon will touch Earth's shadow at p. In New Delhi, the eclipse begins at p. In Melbourne, Australia, the eclipse starts on Jan. Since the full moon is on the opposite side of Earth from the sun, Northern Hemisphere observers will see it relatively high in the sky — essentially the moon is where the sun would be in the summer months. From New York City, this means the moon hits a maximum altitude of about 71 degrees; observers just a bit farther south in Miami, Florida, will see it reach 87 degrees — nearly straight up at the zenith at local midnight. In the Southern Hemisphere, the reverse is true, as it is summer there. In Cape Town, South Africa, the full moon will reach a maximum altitude of only 32 degrees at a. Northern Hemisphere skies are full of bright constellations — Orion, Taurus, Gemini and Canis Major are all in roughly the same patch of sky. Shows Good Morning America. World News Tonight. This Week. The View. What Would You Do? Sections U. Virtual Reality. We'll notify you here with news about. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest? MORE: Longest total lunar eclipse of 21st century wows star-gazers for over minutes. Comments 0. First full moon of , the 'wolf moon,' to coincide with lunar eclipse. Wolf Moon Is the Full Moon in January We'll notify you here with news about. Turn on desktop notifications for breaking stories about interest? MORE: Longest total lunar eclipse of 21st century wows star-gazers for over minutes. Comments 0. First full moon of , the 'wolf moon,' to coincide with lunar eclipse. Officer in Breonna Taylor shooting says he would have done things differently. Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez voting Twitch stream becomes one of platform's most- viewed. ABC News Live. Regardless of where the name Wolf Moon comes from; wolves howl to communicate over long distances both in North America and in Europe. During the denning season in spring and early summer, wolves only howl to pack mates. As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies. While an average howl from a single wolf lasts from 3 to 7 seconds, a chorus by a pack can last from 30 to seconds and longer during the breeding season in February. So wolves are particularly loud and vocal in the first months of the year, which is probably why people associated the month of January with howling wolves. The scientific community has no indication that the Moon phase plays any particular part in the calls of the wolf, but wolves are nocturnal animals, so they are in general more active at night. From New York City, this means the moon hits a maximum altitude of about 71 degrees; observers just a bit farther south in Miami, Florida, will see it reach 87 degrees — nearly straight up at the zenith at local midnight. In the Southern Hemisphere, the reverse is true, as it is summer there. In Cape Town, South Africa, the full moon will reach a maximum altitude of only 32 degrees at a. Northern Hemisphere skies are full of bright constellations — Orion, Taurus, Gemini and Canis Major are all in roughly the same patch of sky. Each is made up of enough first- and second- magnitude stars that they are visible even from light-polluted locations; the three stars marking Orion's belt are obvious even in cities like New York or Paris. On the night of the full moon, two planets will also be apparent. In New York, just as the moon rises in the east, Venus will be in the western sky; the planet sets at p. Mars, meanwhile, rises at a. Jupiter and Saturn are both close to the sun in the sky; Jupiter rises on Jan. Jupiter will be only 6. The January full moon is often called the Wolf Moon, according to the Old Farmer's Almanac , and the name may date back to Native American tribes and early colonial times when wolves would howl outside villages. Follow us on Twitter Spacedotcom and on Facebook. Join our Space Forums to keep talking space on the latest missions, night sky and more! Full Wolf Moon Eclipse: Full Moon on January 10, | The Old Farmer's Almanac The time of the full moon is the same everywhere, since it is determined by where the moon is relative to Earth rather than its apparent position in the sky, which is slightly different, depending on one's location. In accordance with local times, observers in the British Isles and Portugal will see the moon become full at p. In New York City, the moon will rise at p. The moon will be in the constellation Gemini and will rise about 2 minutes before sunset. As the moon is on the opposite side of Earth from the sun, one would expect that it would pass through Earth's shadow. Because the plane of the moon's orbit around Earth is tilted, however, lunar eclipses do not happen every time the moon is full. The penumbral lunar eclipse on Jan. A penumbral eclipse doesn't darken the moon nearly as much as a total lunar eclipse, also known as a blood moon. During a total lunar eclipse, the moon passes through the inner part of Earth's shadow called the umbra. As the light from the sun is refracted through Earth's atmosphere, it darkens until it turns a reddish color. A penumbral eclipse can be difficult to notice with the naked eye. If you want to try and see it, you need to be where the moon is above the horizon when it touches Earth's shadow, which will be in Europe, Africa, Asia and the far northeastern and northwestern regions of North America. In London, for example, the moon will touch Earth's shadow at p. The gradual dimming of the moon will be barely noticeable and will occur during the daytime, while the moon is below the horizon for most of the Americas, with the exception of Alaska and far eastern portions of Canada, according to NASA. Observers in Asia, Australia, Africa and Europe should be able to see the eclipse if weather permits, according to Accuweather. The first moon in January was nicknamed the wolf moon because the howling of wolves were often heard during that time of year, according to The Old Farmer's Almanac. Those who wish to see the event can check The Farmer's Almanac for local moonrise times. Shows Good Morning America. World News Tonight. This Week. The View. How many Full Moons this year? Regardless of where the name Wolf Moon comes from; wolves howl to communicate over long distances both in North America and in Europe. During the denning season in spring and early summer, wolves only howl to pack mates. As the late summer moves towards fall, wolves call more and more to neighbors and enemies. While an average howl from a single wolf lasts from 3 to 7 seconds, a chorus by a pack can last from 30 to seconds and longer during the breeding season in February. So wolves are particularly loud and vocal in the first months of the year, which is probably why people associated the month of January with howling wolves. Home - Wolf Moon Bourbon The first full moon of January, which is nicknamed the "wolf moon," will appear opposite the sun on Friday at p. Then, as the moon passes opposite the sun, it will pass through the partial shadow of the Earth on Friday night. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when the moon is completely immersed in the penumbral cone of the Earth without touching the umbra, resulting in only part of the moon going dark before turning a dark red or orange color. It will be the first of four penumbral lunar eclipses in , and one has not occurred since , according to AccuWeather.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Candidate Pits and Caves at High Latitudes on the Near Side of the Moon
    52nd Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 2021 (LPI Contrib. No. 2548) 2733.pdf NEW CANDIDATE PITS AND CAVES AT HIGH LATITUDES ON THE NEAR SIDE OF THE MOON. 1,2 1,3,4 1 2 Wynnie Avent II and Pascal Lee ,​ S​ ETI Institute, Mountain View, VA, USA, V​ irginia Polytechnic Institute ​ ​ ​ 3 4 ​ and State University Blacksburg, VA, USA. M​ ars Institute, N​ ASA Ames Research Center. ​ ​ Summary: 35 new candidate pits are identified ​ in Anaxagoras and Philolaus, two high-latitude impact structures on the near side of the Moon. Introduction: Since the discovery in 2009 of the Marius Hills Pit (Haruyama et al. 2009), a.k.a. the “Haruyama Cavern”, over 300 hundred pits have been identified on the Moon (Wagner & Robinson 2014, Robinson & Wagner 2018). Lunar pits are small (10 to 150 m across), steep-walled, negative relief features (topographic depressions), surrounded by funnel-shaped outer slopes and, unlike impact craters, no raised rim. They are interpreted as collapse features resulting from the fall of the roof of shallow (a few Figure 1: Location of studied craters (Polar meters deep) subsurface voids, generally lava cavities. projection). Although pits on the Moon are found in mare basalt, impact melt deposits, and highland terrain of the >300 Methods: Like previous studies searching for pits pits known, all but 16 are in impact melts (Robinson & (Wagner & Robinson 2014, Robinson & Wagner 2018, Wagner 2018). Many pits are likely lava tube skylights, Lee 2018a,b,c), we used imaging data collected by the providing access to underground networks of NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Narrow tunnel-shaped caves, including possibly complex Angle Camera (NAC).
    [Show full text]
  • Lab # 12: Surface of the Moon
    Name: Date: 12 Surface of the Moon 12.1 Introduction One can learn a lot about the Moon by looking at the lunar surface. Even before astronauts landed on the Moon, scientists had enough data to formulate theories about the formation and evolution of the Earth’s only natural satellite. However, since the Moon rotates once for every time it orbits around the Earth, we can only see one side of the Moon from the surface of the Earth. Until spacecraft were sent to orbit the Moon, we only knew half the story. The type of orbit our Moon makes around the Earth is called a synchronous orbit. This phenomenon is shown graphically in Figure 12.1 below. If we imagine that there is one large mountain on the hemisphere facing the Earth (denoted by the small triangle on the Moon), then this mountain is always visible to us no matter where the Moon is in its orbit. As the Moon orbits around the Earth, it turns slightly so we always see the same hemisphere. Figure 12.1: The Moon’s synchronous orbit. (Not drawn to scale.) On the Moon, there are extensive lava flows, rugged highlands and many impact craters of all sizes. The overlapping of these features implies relative ages. Because of the lack of ongoing mountain building processes, or weathering by wind and water, the accumulation of volcanic processes and impact cratering is readily visible. Thus by looking at the images of the Moon, one can trace the history of the lunar surface. 129 Lab Goals: to discuss the Moon’s terrain, craters, and the theory of relative ages; to • use pictures of the Moon to deduce relative ages and formation processes of surface features Materials: Moon pictures, ruler, calculator • 12.2 Craters and Maria A crater is formed when a meteor from space strikes the lunar surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary Glossary
    Glossary Glossary Albedo A measure of an object’s reflectivity. A pure white reflecting surface has an albedo of 1.0 (100%). A pitch-black, nonreflecting surface has an albedo of 0.0. The Moon is a fairly dark object with a combined albedo of 0.07 (reflecting 7% of the sunlight that falls upon it). The albedo range of the lunar maria is between 0.05 and 0.08. The brighter highlands have an albedo range from 0.09 to 0.15. Anorthosite Rocks rich in the mineral feldspar, making up much of the Moon’s bright highland regions. Aperture The diameter of a telescope’s objective lens or primary mirror. Apogee The point in the Moon’s orbit where it is furthest from the Earth. At apogee, the Moon can reach a maximum distance of 406,700 km from the Earth. Apollo The manned lunar program of the United States. Between July 1969 and December 1972, six Apollo missions landed on the Moon, allowing a total of 12 astronauts to explore its surface. Asteroid A minor planet. A large solid body of rock in orbit around the Sun. Banded crater A crater that displays dusky linear tracts on its inner walls and/or floor. 250 Basalt A dark, fine-grained volcanic rock, low in silicon, with a low viscosity. Basaltic material fills many of the Moon’s major basins, especially on the near side. Glossary Basin A very large circular impact structure (usually comprising multiple concentric rings) that usually displays some degree of flooding with lava. The largest and most conspicuous lava- flooded basins on the Moon are found on the near side, and most are filled to their outer edges with mare basalts.
    [Show full text]
  • Lunariceprospecting V1.0.Pdf
    WHITE PAPER Ice Prospecting: Your Guide to Getting Rich on the Moon Version 1.0 // May 2019 // This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Kevin M. Cannon ([email protected]) Introduction Water ice has been detected indirectly and directly within permanently shadowed regions (PSRs) at both poles of the Moon. This ice is stable against sublimation on billion-year timescales, and represents an attractive target for mining to produce oxygen and hydrogen for propellant, and water and oxygen for human life support. However, the mere presence of ice at the poles does not provide much information: Where is it exactly? How much is there? Is it thick layers of pure ice, or small amounts mixed in the soil? How hard is it to excavate? This white paper attempts to offer answers to these questions based on interpretations of the best data currently available. New prospecting missions in the future–particularly landers and Figure 1. Ice accumulation mechanisms. rovers–will continue to change and improve our understanding of ice on the Moon. This guide will be updated on an ongoing expected to be old. (2) Solar wind. The solar wind is a stream of basis to incorporate new findings. electrons, protons and other particles that are constantly colliding with the unprotected surface of the Moon. This Why is there ice on the Moon? process can create individual OH and H2O molecules that are Two factors create conditions that allow ice to accumulate able to ballistically hop across the surface, eventually migrating and persist at the lunar poles: (1) the Moon has a very small axial to the PSRs.
    [Show full text]
  • Rare Astronomical Sights and Sounds
    Jonathan Powell Rare Astronomical Sights and Sounds The Patrick Moore The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/3192 Rare Astronomical Sights and Sounds Jonathan Powell Jonathan Powell Ebbw Vale, United Kingdom ISSN 1431-9756 ISSN 2197-6562 (electronic) The Patrick Moore Practical Astronomy Series ISBN 978-3-319-97700-3 ISBN 978-3-319-97701-0 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97701-0 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018953700 © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2018 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made.
    [Show full text]
  • Traverse Planning for Human and Robotic Missions to Hadley Rille
    NASA/TM-2008-215367 Traverse Planning for Human and Robotic Missions to Hadley Rille Michael Broxton, Matthew C. Deans, Terrence Fong, Trey Smith, NASA Ames Research Center Mark Helper, University of Texas / Austin Kip V. Hodges, Arizona State University, Gerald G. Schaber, USGS (retired) Harrison H. Schmitt IHMC National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field, California, 94035-1000 January 2009 NASA/TM-2008-215367 Traverse Planning for Human and Robotic Missions to Hadley Rille Michael Broxton, Matthew C. Deans, Terrence Fong, Trey Smith, NASA Ames Research Center Mark Helper, University of Texas / Austin Kip V. Hodges, Arizona State University, Gerald G. Schaber, USGS (retired) Harrison H. Schmitt IHMC National Aeronautics and Space Administration Ames Research Center Moffett Field, California, 94035-1000 January 2009 Traverse Planning for Human and Robotic Missions to Hadley Rille (report) Michael Broxton1, Matthew C. Deans1, Terrence Fong1, Mark Helper2, Kip V. Hodges3, Gerald G. Schaber4, Harrison H. Schmitt5, and Trey Smith1 1NASA Ames Research Center, 2University of Texas / Austin, 3Arizona State University, 4USGS (retired), 5IHMC Summary On November 6, 2008, we conducted a short lunar traverse planning exercise at the NASA Ames Research Center. The objective was to establish an initial EVA traverse plan for a hypothetical, manned mission to the Apollo 15 region and then to identify where ground-level data (e.g., collected by robotic recon) would help refine the plan. The planning for this mission, which we named “Apollo 15B”, focused on Hadley Rille near Hadley C, and the ejecta blanket from Hadley C that is deposited on to Hadley Rille.
    [Show full text]
  • Entrance Pupil Irradiance Estimating Model for a Moon-Based Earth Radiation Observatory Instrument
    remote sensing Article Entrance Pupil Irradiance Estimating Model for a Moon-Based Earth Radiation Observatory Instrument Wentao Duan 1, Shaopeng Huang 2,3,* and Chenwei Nie 4 1 School of Human Settlements and Civil Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China; [email protected] 2 Institute of Deep Earth Science and Green Energy, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China 3 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA 4 Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 26 January 2019; Accepted: 6 March 2019; Published: 10 March 2019 Abstract: A Moon-based Earth radiation observatory (MERO) could provide a longer-term continuous measurement of radiation exiting the Earth system compared to current satellite-based observatories. In order to parameterize the detector for such a newly-proposed MERO, the evaluation of the instrument’s entrance pupil irradiance (EPI) is of great importance. The motivation of this work is to build an EPI estimating model for a simplified single-pixel MERO instrument. The rationale of this model is to sum the contributions of every location in the MERO-viewed region on the Earth’s top of atmosphere (TOA) to the MERO sensor’s EPI, taking into account the anisotropy in the longwave radiance at the Earth TOA. Such anisotropy could be characterized by the TOA anisotropic factors, which can be derived from the Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) angular distribution models (ADMs).
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Lunar Terminology
    Glossary of Lunar Terminology albedo A measure of the reflectivity of the Moon's gabbro A coarse crystalline rock, often found in the visible surface. The Moon's albedo averages 0.07, which lunar highlands, containing plagioclase and pyroxene. means that its surface reflects, on average, 7% of the Anorthositic gabbros contain 65-78% calcium feldspar. light falling on it. gardening The process by which the Moon's surface is anorthosite A coarse-grained rock, largely composed of mixed with deeper layers, mainly as a result of meteor­ calcium feldspar, common on the Moon. itic bombardment. basalt A type of fine-grained volcanic rock containing ghost crater (ruined crater) The faint outline that remains the minerals pyroxene and plagioclase (calcium of a lunar crater that has been largely erased by some feldspar). Mare basalts are rich in iron and titanium, later action, usually lava flooding. while highland basalts are high in aluminum. glacis A gently sloping bank; an old term for the outer breccia A rock composed of a matrix oflarger, angular slope of a crater's walls. stony fragments and a finer, binding component. graben A sunken area between faults. caldera A type of volcanic crater formed primarily by a highlands The Moon's lighter-colored regions, which sinking of its floor rather than by the ejection of lava. are higher than their surroundings and thus not central peak A mountainous landform at or near the covered by dark lavas. Most highland features are the center of certain lunar craters, possibly formed by an rims or central peaks of impact sites.
    [Show full text]
  • THE MOON PRE-LAB Using Your Lecture Textbook And/Or Any Other Acceptable Source of Information, Answer Each Question in Complete Sentences
    Name: Date: THE MOON PRE-LAB Using your lecture textbook and/or any other acceptable source of information, answer each question in complete sentences. Be sure to define any relevant terms. 1. Explain the following terms relating to lunar surface features. a. Maria (singular “Mare”): b. Highlands: c. Rille: d. Wrinkle Ridge: e. Rays: 2. Explain the following terms relating to processes that shape the lunar surface. a. Tectonic: b. Volcanic: c. Impact: d. Dating by Superposition: 8–1 Name: Partners: Date: THE MOON LAB EXERCISE LUNAR REGIONS In completing this lab, you will view images found on the Astronomy lab website. Your instructor will direct you to the location. The Earth, the Moon and the Sun are the most familiar astronomical objects in the sky. Of these, the Moon has been historically the most studied and most photographed by astronomers. Even a small telescope reveals an incredible profusion of lunar features. The most prominent are the lunar maria, which show as dark smooth areas surrounded by mountains. Almost all of the maria are on the earthside of the Moon and have lower elevation than the lighter highlands. The worksheet is a sketch of the Moon, the meandering lines outline maria and highlands. 1. Examine the images of the near and far sides of the moon on the website. Describe the similari- ties and differences. 2. Look carefully at the image of the near side of the Moon and the map of the moon on your table. Place M’s on the worksheet at the center of the major maria.
    [Show full text]
  • Batonomous Moon Cave Explorer) Mission
    DEGREE PROJECT IN VEHICLE ENGINEERING, SECOND CYCLE, 30 CREDITS STOCKHOLM, SWEDEN 2019 Analysis and Definition of the BAT- ME (BATonomous Moon cave Explorer) Mission Analys och bestämning av BAT-ME (BATonomous Moon cave Explorer) missionen ALEXANDRU CAMIL MURESAN KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES Analysis and Definition of the BAT-ME (BATonomous Moon cave Explorer) Mission In Collaboration with Alexandru Camil Muresan KTH Supervisor: Christer Fuglesang Industrial Supervisor: Pau Mallol Master of Science Thesis, Aerospace Engineering, Department of Vehicle Engineering, KTH KTH ROYAL INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY Abstract Humanity has always wanted to explore the world we live in and answer different questions about our universe. After the International Space Station will end its service one possible next step could be a Moon Outpost: a convenient location for research, astronaut training and technological development that would enable long-duration space. This location can be inside one of the presumed lava tubes that should be present under the surface but would first need to be inspected, possibly by machine capable of capturing and relaying a map to a team on Earth. In this report the past and future Moon base missions will be summarized considering feasible outpost scenarios from the space companies or agencies. and their prospected manned budget. Potential mission profiles, objectives, requirements and constrains of the BATonomous Moon cave Explorer (BAT- ME) mission will be discussed and defined. Vehicle and mission concept will be addressed, comparing and presenting possible propulsion or locomotion approaches inside the lava tube. The Inkonova “Batonomous™” system is capable of providing Simultaneous Localization And Mapping (SLAM), relay the created maps, with the possibility to easily integrate the system on any kind of vehicle that would function in a real-life scenario.
    [Show full text]
  • ARTEMIS: the First Mission to the Lunar Libration Orbits
    ARTEMIS: The First Mission to the Lunar Libration Orbits (1) (2) (3) Mark Woodard , David Folta , Dennis Woodfork (1) NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, +1 301.286.9611, [email protected] (2) NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, +1 301.286.6082, [email protected] (3) NASA/GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA, +1 301.286.6009, [email protected] ABSTRACT The ARTEMIS mission will be the first to navigate to and perform stationkeeping operations around the Earth-Moon L1 and L2 Lagrangian points. The NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) has previous mission experience flying in the Sun-Earth L1 (SOHO, ACE, WIND, ISEE-3) and L2 regimes (WMAP) and have maintained these spacecraft in libration point orbits by performing regular orbit stationkeeping maneuvers. The ARTEMIS mission will build on these experiences, but stationkeeping in Earth-Moon libration orbits presents new challenges since the libration point orbit period is on the order of two weeks rather than six months. As a result, stationkeeping maneuvers to maintain the Lissajous orbit will need to be performed frequently, and the orbit determination solutions between maneuvers will need to be quite accurate. The ARTEMIS mission is a collaborative effort between NASA GSFC, the University of California at Berkeley (UCB), and the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). The ARTEMIS mission is part of the THEMIS extended mission. ARTEMIS comprises two of the five THEMIS spacecraft that will be maneuvered from near-Earth orbits into lunar libration orbits using a sequence of designed orbital maneuvers and Moon & Earth gravity assists.
    [Show full text]
  • Lunar Impact Craters Identification and Age Estimation with Chang'e Data
    LETTE Lunar impact craters identification and age estimation with Chang'E data by deep and transfer learning Chen Yang1,2*, Haishi Zhao3, Lorenzo Bruzzone4, Jon Atli Benediktsson5, Yanchun Liang3, Bin Liu2, Xingguo Zeng2, Renchu Guan3*, Chunlai Li2* & Ziyuan Ouyang 2,6 Impact craters, as "lunar fossils", are the most dominant lunar recognized and age constrained craters are not adequate enough to surface features and occupy most of the Moon’s surface. Their reveal their evolutionary history and process. formation and evolution record the history of the Solar System. Lunar craters have the same genesis, i.e., impacts create craters that Sixty years of triumphs in the lunar exploration projects look similar in a near-circular depression structure. This is the main accumulated a large amount of lunar data. Currently, there are basis for the identification of craters. Different experiences, i.e., the 9137 existing recognized craters. However, only 1675 of them have formation and long-term alteration, lead to craters having a different been determined age, which is obviously not satisfactory to reveal complex morphology. Typical characteristics can demonstrate the evolution of the Moon. Identifying craters is a challenging task differences in orders of magnitude in size of the diameters, e.g. the due to their enormous difference in size, large variations in shape largest craters have a diameter of a few hundred kilometers, whereas and vast presence. Furthermore, estimating the age of craters is the smallest ones have a diameter of a few meters. They also show extraordinarily difficult due to their complex and different large variations in shape due to an overlap with other craters (see morphologies.
    [Show full text]