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Mission Work in Sierra Leone, West Africa This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the information in books and make it universally accessible. https://books.google.com MissionworkinSierraLeone,WestAfrica JobSmithMills IIVATE LIBRARY of . E. BIGELOW, NO. Q>3>J.\0 -.*JW,. **. i / c (1 t.0 If- ►J.; JjS m J MISSION WORK ni Sierra Leone, West Africa BY The REV. J. S. MILLS, D.D BISHOP OF THE UNITED BRETHREN IN CHRIST Memorial Eoition DAYTON, OHIO United Brethren Publishing House Copyright, 1898 By the United Brethren Publishing House. All rights reserved. ffijfs Unoft fs SetrfcatBU to t!K f8emor» of ffiut Ji?etofc Ueali CE'lio lie sleeping (n 3 file's sunns lartS; anil to tljosr lulio tofll take up anS carrj tortoatli tfte toorft so nobis begun. PREFACE For over forty years a band of devoted men and women have been toiling in an obscure field on the west coast of Africa. In their schools they have trained for usefulness several hundred of the youth, and have gathered over six thousand converts into native churches. Early in May, 1898, a heathen mob, displeased at the rapid progress of Christian civilization, and angry over the just requirements of the British Government, swept like a fierce hurricane over this mission field and the surrounding country, murdering seven American mis sionaries, many native pastors, and several hundred con verts, and burning the mission property. This little volume tells the story by those personally familiar with it. It also gives assurance that neither the burning fevers of the climate nor the blazing fagots and fiercer fury of the " war boys" shall prevent our complet ing the divinely appointed task in Sierra Leone. Rather will this baptism of fire and blood lead our people to a nobler consecration, and prepare the way among the heathen for a more fruitful harvest to be gathered into the Master's garner. As I have passed through these pages I have lived over again happy days spent in this mission field. Once more, I have enjoyed the courtesies of the gentlemanly British officers — in the governor's palace and in the police captain's mud hut— so refreshing in this dark land; again, I have renewed the joys of the glorious friendships of this heroic band of missionaries, American and native, all dear to me as my own kindred. If the VI PREFACE work shall awaken a greater interest in Africa, and help to send the gospel to its perishing people, this is the only reward I ask : all the profits accruing from the sale of this book are devoted to the mission-work of which it treats. In the spelling of African names I have tried to fol low the example of the British government, believing that this will soon become standard for English-speaking people. In the making of this book I have done little more than furnish the thread upon which the beautiful pearls- of thoughts and sentiments of others are strung. All its defects are mine, all its good qualities are theirs. For the beautiful style in which it is issued I am indebted to the taste and enterprise of the Manager of the United Brethren Publishing House ; and for the read ing of the proof and the preparation of the table of con tents I am under obligations to the proof-readers of the same house. J. 8. Mills. Denver, Colo., August 1, 1888. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Preface. PART I. Africa in General, and Sierra Leone in Particular. chapter I. Physical Geography — Location of Africa, Size, Re lief, Rivers and Lakes, Climate, Flora, Fauna, Minerals 13-18 Political Geography— Berlin Conference, Posses sions of the French, the English, Germany, the Congo Free State, Portugal, Italy, Spain, Morocco.. 19-23 Native Africans— Races, Languages, the Hamitlc Family, Semitic Family, Fulah and Nuba Groups, Negro Systems, the Bantu Family, Hottentots and Bushmen, Religions 24-30 Africa's Six Great Curses— Paganism, Mohamme danism, Polygamy, War, Rum, Slavery 30-36 Mission Work in Africa— The Bible 35-36 CHAPTER II. Sierra Leone in General- Sierra Leone, Freetown, the Peninsula, Manner of Life, Carrying Trade, Animals, Flora, Protectorate of Sierra Leone, Edu cational Institutions 37-48 Sierra Leone Tribes— Colony Proper, Freetown, Military Road, Bethany Cottage, Sherbros, Bul- loms, Lokkohs, Susus, Limbas, Kurankoes, Temni, Mendi, Kroomen 43-51 Native Society, Languages, Customs— Society, Lan guages, Domestic Customs, Marriage Relations, Dress, Names of Children, Houses, Towns, Relig ious Customs, Gods, Spirits, Survival of the Soul, Witchcraft, Legal Customs, Means of Determining Guilt or Innocence, Penalty for Stealing 51-87 vii Vlll CONTENTS 4. Miscellaneous Matters— Secret Societies, Money, Dancing, Music, Diseases, Hospitality 67-72 CHAPTER III. Our Missionary Work in Sierra Leone— First Steps, American Missionary Association, Lease at Shaingay Secured, History ol the Caulkers, Wo man's Missionary Association, Mendi Mission Obtained, First Results Discouraging, African Conference Assignments for 1898 73-82 CHAPTER IV. Difficulties to be Met— Climate, Mode of Travel, Dangers and Difficulties of Missionary Life 83-89 CHAPTER V. Mechanical, Agricultural, and Medical Work— Natives' Ease of Learning, Native Farming, Indus trial Education Needed, Medical Treatment for the Natives, Sickness and Witches, Sick Abandoned 90-98 CHAPTER VI. Some Work Being Done— Home for Girls at Rotufunk, Deplorable Condition of Little Girls, What They are Taught, Clark Training School, Course of Study, Languages and Folk-lore, "De Spider an' de People What Whay dey Walker, " Devils, Spi rits . 99-112 CHAPTER VII. The Open Door— Preaching of the Word Welcomed in Sierra Leone, Few Christian Missionaries, Our Church Unmistakably Led to this Colony 113-119 CHAPTER VIII. The Massacre— Mutterings of Discontent, Sierra Leone Wars, Causes of the Uprising, the Porroh, Protec torate Established, Plan of Attack, Implements of War, Situation at Shaingay, Bonthe, Avery, Other Stations, Rotufunk, What of the Future, Our Martyred Friends 120-184 CONTENTS IX PART II. Memoirs of Our Heroic Dead in Sierra Leone, West Africa. PAGK. List of Our Maetyes in the Missionary Cause 137 Isaac Newton Cain. Personal Impressions, by Alfred T. Howard 138 Mary Elizabeth Mutch Cain. By Uncle Stewart Forbes. 144 Mary C. Archer. By Rev. Byron J. Clark 150 Marietta Hatfield. By Rev. Z. T. Hatfield 153 Ella Schenck. 162 Lowry A. and Clara B. McGrew. By Rev. W. L. Bunger and G. A. Funkhouser, D.D. Personal Reminiscences of the Author 166 Recollections. By Mrs. Llda M. West 171 Tribute of Rev. J. R. King 178 Rev. Richard N. West and His Work In Africa. By Rev. Isaac N. Cain 180 Frances Williams. By Mary Nease Keister. 186 ElmaBittle. By Mary Bittle 203 Letter from a Mission Boy 219 Letter from a Mission Girl. 220 Joseph Gomer. By Rev. William McKee, D.D 221 APPENDIX. Appendix— Journey through the Mendi Country, Preser vation of Health in the Tropics, Books of Refer ence, Missionaries, and Terms of Service of Parent and Woman's Board 233-240 -x PART I AFRICA IN GENERAL AND SIERRA LEONE IN PARTICULAR PART I AFRICA IN GENERAL AND SIERRA LEONE IN PARTICULAR CHAPTER I. 1. Physical Geography. Location Of Africa. Africa lies south of Eu rope and southwest of Asia. It is connected with Asia by a narrow piece of land lying south of the east end of the Mediterranean Sea, but since the Suez Canal cuts through this isthmus it may be said to be entirely surrounded by water — the Medi terranean Sea on the north; the Suez Canal, Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, and Indian Ocean on the east ; and the Atlantic Ocean on the south and west. The equator passes through it at an almost equal dis tance from its northern and southern ends. This continent extends about thirty-five degrees south and thirty-seven north of the equator, and because of its location, in its lowlands and deserts it is the hottest continent on our globe. Size. Africa is seventy-two degrees (about five thousand miles) long from Cape Bon in the u 14 MISSION WORK IN SIERRA LEONE north to Cape Agufhas in the south; and from Cape Guardafui in the east to Cape Verde in the west, it is almost sixty-eight degrees (four thou sand and six hundred miles) wide. Its outline is very irregular. It has few islands, except the Madeira, and Canaries, and the Cape Verde is lands off the northwest coast, and Madagascar Island off the southeast coast. Africa is almost as large as North America and Europe combined, containing over eleven million five hundred thou sand square miles. Relief. Africa maintains, as a continent, a uniformly high level. Its average height is second only to that of Asia. Nowhere do we see extensive plains raised only slightly above the level of the sea, such as the vast plains of northern Asia, or of the Amazon Valley in South America. "Almost everywhere, on penetrating inland from the coast, a steep ascent is soon reached, lead ing either over mountain ranges parallel to the coast, or up a series of terraced escarpments to a high plateau which fills up the greater part of the interior. It is only where rivers have worn chan nels for themselves through the higher ground that the lowlands stretch any distance inland. On this account Africa has been likened to an inverted saucer, though this comparison holds good rather for the southern half of the continent than as a whole." — Thornton. "Africa, generally speaking, is a vast, ill-formed triangle. It has no peninsulas ; it has almost no islands, or bays, or fiords, but three great inlets, three mighty rivers, piercing it to the very heart, have been allocated by a kind nature one to each PHYSICAL GEOGRAPHY 15 of its solid sides.
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