Low Power Energy Harvesting and Storage Techniques from Ambient Human Powered Energy Sources
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Rotational Motion (The Dynamics of a Rigid Body)
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Robert Katz Publications Research Papers in Physics and Astronomy 1-1958 Physics, Chapter 11: Rotational Motion (The Dynamics of a Rigid Body) Henry Semat City College of New York Robert Katz University of Nebraska-Lincoln, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicskatz Part of the Physics Commons Semat, Henry and Katz, Robert, "Physics, Chapter 11: Rotational Motion (The Dynamics of a Rigid Body)" (1958). Robert Katz Publications. 141. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/physicskatz/141 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Research Papers in Physics and Astronomy at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Robert Katz Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. 11 Rotational Motion (The Dynamics of a Rigid Body) 11-1 Motion about a Fixed Axis The motion of the flywheel of an engine and of a pulley on its axle are examples of an important type of motion of a rigid body, that of the motion of rotation about a fixed axis. Consider the motion of a uniform disk rotat ing about a fixed axis passing through its center of gravity C perpendicular to the face of the disk, as shown in Figure 11-1. The motion of this disk may be de scribed in terms of the motions of each of its individual particles, but a better way to describe the motion is in terms of the angle through which the disk rotates. -
Manhood of Humanity. by Alfred Korzybski
The Project Gutenberg EBook of Manhood of Humanity. by Alfred Korzybski This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at http://www.guten- berg.org/license Title: Manhood of Humanity. Author: Alfred Korzybski Release Date: May 13, 2008 [Ebook 25457] Language: English ***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK MANHOOD OF HUMANITY.*** Manhood Of Humanity The Science and Art of Human Engineering By Alfred Korzybski New York E. P. Dutton & Company 681 Fifth Avenue 1921 Contents Acknowledgement . 3 Preface . 5 Chapter I. Introduction . 9 Chapter II. Childhood of Humanity . 27 Chapter III. Classes of Life . 43 Chapter IV. What Is Man? . 57 Chapter V. Wealth . 77 Chapter VI. Capitalistic Era . 95 Chapter VII. Survival of the Fittest . 109 Chapter VIII. Elements Of Power . 121 Chapter IX. Manhood Of Humanity . 129 Chapter X. Conclusion . 155 Appendix I. Mathematics And Time-Binding . 159 Appendix II. Biology And Time-Binding . 175 Appendix III. Engineering And Time-Binding . 205 Footnotes . 217 [vii] Acknowledgement The author and the publishers acknowledge with gratitude the following permissions to make use of copyright material in this work: Messrs. D. C. Heath & Company, for permission to quote from “Unified Mathematics,” by Louis C. Karpinski, Harry Y. Benedict and John W. Calhoun. Messrs. G. P. Putnam's Sons, New York and London, for per- mission to quote from “Organism as a Whole” and “Physiology of the Brain,” by Jacques Loeb. -
Human-Powered Machines Over the Four-Wheeled Configurations
HUMAN POWER Volume 13 Number 2 Spring 1998 $5.00: HPVA Members, $3.50 HUMAN POWER CONTENTS TECHNICAL NOTES is the technical journal of the Design and development Oxygen uptake, recumbent vs. upright International Human Powered Vehicle of a human-powered machine Mark Drela reminds us of work that Association for the manufacture of bricks showed that there is no difference in power Volume 13 Number 2, Spring 1998 J. D. Modak and S. D. Moghe demon- produced by athletes pedalling in the Editor strate two important characteristics in this upright or recumbent positions. David Gordon Wilson report on brick-making in India. One is that What is amazing to this editor is the 21 Winthrop Street human power can be used for tasks that range of efficiencies among athletes: a range Winchester, MA 01890-2851 USA take, for a short time, far more power than of 18% to 33.7% was found. A similar wide [email protected] one person can produce. It can be done range was measured for the percentage of Associate editors through energy storage, in this case a fly- the maximum oxygen uptake that could be Toshio Kataoka, Japan wheel. The second is that human-powered tolerated before lactate built up, shutting off 1-7-2-818 Hiranomiya-Machi brick production is economically viable and further power production Some athletes Hirano-ku, Osaka-shi, Japan 547-0046 desirable. could tolerate 90%, others only 60%. [email protected] socially Dynamic model of a rear suspension Theodor Schmidt, Europe Tip-over and skid limits of Ortbiihlweg 44 three- and four-wheeled vehicles Jobst Brandt tries to discourage people CH-3612 Steffisburg, Switzerland Dietrich Fellenz first analyzes the condi- from making simple models of systems as [email protected] tions for tip-over and skid limits for multi- complex as riders on a bicycle with Philip Thiel, watercraft track vehicles, and then produces two use- suspension. -
Energy Harvesting from Rotating Structures
ENERGY HARVESTING FROM ROTATING STRUCTURES Tzern T. Toh, A. Bansal, G. Hong, Paul D. Mitcheson, Andrew S. Holmes, Eric M. Yeatman Department of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, U.K. Abstract: In this paper, we analyze and demonstrate a novel rotational energy harvesting generator using gravitational torque. The electro-mechanical behavior of the generator is presented, alongside experimental results from an implementation based on a conventional DC motor. The off-axis performance is also modeled. Designs for adaptive power processing circuitry for optimal power harvesting are presented, using SPICE simulations. Key Words: energy-harvesting, rotational generator, adaptive generator, double pendulum 1. INTRODUCTION with ω the angular rotation rate of the host. Energy harvesting from moving structures has been a topic of much research, particularly for applications in powering wireless sensors [1]. Most motion energy harvesters are inertial, drawing power from the relative motion between an oscillating proof mass and the frame from which it is suspended [2]. For many important applications, including tire pressure sensing and condition monitoring of machinery, the host structure undergoes continuous rotation; in these Fig. 1: Schematic of the gravitational torque cases, previous energy harvesters have typically generator. IA is the armature current and KE is the been driven by the associated vibration. In this motor constant. paper we show that rotational motion can be used directly to harvest power, and that conventional Previously we reported initial experimental rotating machines can be easily adapted to this results for this device, and circuit simulations purpose. based on a buck-boost converter [3]. In this paper All mechanical to electrical transducers rely on we consider a Flyback power conversion circuit, the relative motion of two generator sections. -
Electric Bicycles Are Coming on Strong and Wisconsin Law Needs to Catch up with Celebrate Them
MARATHON COUNTY FORESTRY/RECREATION COMMITTEE AGENDA Date and Time of Meeting: Tuesday, June 4, 2019 at 12:30pm Meeting Location: Conference Room #3, 212 River Drive, Wausau WI 54403 MEMBERS: Arnold Schlei (Chairman), Rick Seefeldt (Vice-Chairman), Jim Bove Marathon County Mission Statement: Marathon County Government serves people by leading, coordinating, and providing county, regional, and statewide initiatives. It directly or in cooperation with other public and private partners provides services and creates opportunities that make Marathon County and the surrounding area a preferred place to live, work, visit, and do business. Parks, Recreation and Forestry Department Mission Statement: Adaptively manage our park and forest lands for natural resource sustainability while providing healthy recreational opportunities and unique experiences making Marathon County the preferred place to live, work, and play. Agenda Items: 1. Call to Order 2. Public Comment Period – Not to Exceed 15 Minutes 3. Approval of the Minutes of the May 7, 2019 Committee Meeting 4. Educational Presentations/Outcome Monitoring Reports A. Article – Report Says Wisconsin Forestry on the Upswing B. Article – Wisconsin Tourism Industry Generates 21.6 Billion C. Article – May 2019 Paper and Forestry Products Month D. Articles – Electronic Assist Bikes 5. Operational Functions Required by Statute, Ordinance or Resolution: A. Discussion and Possible Action by Committee 1. Timber Sale Extension Requests a. Tigerton Lumber – Contract #642-15 b. Central Wisconsin Lumber – Contract #644-15 2. Discussion and Possible Action on Ordering a Second Appraisal for Knowles-Nelson Stewardship Funding on Property in the Town of Hewitt B. Discussion and Possible Action by Committee to Forward to the Environmental Resource Committee for its Consideration - None 6. -
Rotational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting: a Comprehensive Review on Excitation Elements, Designs, and Performances
energies Review Rotational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting: A Comprehensive Review on Excitation Elements, Designs, and Performances Haider Jaafar Chilabi 1,2,* , Hanim Salleh 3, Waleed Al-Ashtari 4, E. E. Supeni 1,* , Luqman Chuah Abdullah 1 , Azizan B. As’arry 1, Khairil Anas Md Rezali 1 and Mohammad Khairul Azwan 5 1 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; [email protected] (L.C.A.); [email protected] (A.B.A.); [email protected] (K.A.M.R.) 2 Midland Refineries Company (MRC), Ministry of Oil, Baghdad 10022, Iraq 3 Institute of Sustainable Energy, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia; [email protected] 4 Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering University of Baghdad, Baghdad 10022, Iraq; [email protected] 5 Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan Ikram-15 Uniten, Kajang 43000, Malaysia; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (H.J.C.); [email protected] (E.E.S.) Abstract: Rotational Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting (RPZTEH) is widely used due to mechanical rotational input power availability in industrial and natural environments. This paper reviews the recent studies and research in RPZTEH based on its excitation elements and design and their influence on performance. It presents different groups for comparison according to their mechanical Citation: Chilabi, H.J.; Salleh, H.; inputs and applications, such as fluid (air or water) movement, human motion, rotational vehicle tires, Al-Ashtari, W.; Supeni, E.E.; and other rotational operational principal including gears. The work emphasises the discussion of Abdullah, L.C.; As’arry, A.B.; Rezali, K.A.M.; Azwan, M.K. -
Evaluation of Electric Energy Generation from Sound Energy Using Piezoelectric Actuator
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): 2319-7064 Index Copernicus Value (2013): 6.14 | Impact Factor (2014): 5.611 Evaluation of Electric Energy Generation from Sound Energy Using Piezoelectric Actuator Mohana Faroug Saeed Attia1, Afraa Ibraheim Mohmmed Abdalateef2 1Department of Physics, University of Dongola, Sudan 2Collaborator Instructor University of Khartoum, Sudan Abstract: This paper presents the work done on the conversion techniques and methodologies of converting sound energy to its electrical counterpart, and focuses on the future of this type of energy sources than wind energy, solar energy, and biogas. Also, it includes the increase in energy consumption due to ever growing number of electronic devices, and the harvesting energy from humans and using of piezoelectricity. In the experimental work, a piezoelectric generator lead zirconate titante (PZT actuator) is used to extract sound energy from the loudspeaker from various distances and then to convert this energy into electrical energy. The maximum voltage generated by the piezoelectric generator occurs when its resonant frequency is operating near the frequency of sound. The result shows that the maximum output voltage of 28.8 mVrms was obtained with the sound intensity of 80.5 dB resonant frequency of 65 Hz at 1 cm distance in the first mode. In the second mode, the maximum output voltage of 94 m Vrms was obtained with the sound intensity of 105.7 dB at resonant frequency of 378 Hz at 1 cm which is larger than that of the first mode. However, for both modes, voltage decreases as distance increases. Keywords: piezoelectric effect, sound energy, piezoelectric material, resonant frequency, PZT actuator, electricity 1. -
Training Fact Sheet - Energy in Autorotations Contact: Nick Mayhew Phone: (321) 567 0386 ______
Training Fact Sheet - Energy in Autorotations Contact: Nick Mayhew Phone: (321) 567 0386 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Using Energy for Our Benefit these energies cannot be created or destroyed, just transferred from one place to another. Relative Sizes of the Energy There are many ways that these energies inter-relate. Potential energy can be viewed as a source of kinetic (and rotational) energy. It’s interesting to note the relative sizes of these. It’s not easy to compare kinetic and potential energy, as they can be traded for one another. But the relatively small size of the rotational energy is surprising. One DVD on the subject showed that the rotational energy was a very small fraction of the combined kinetic The secret to extracting the maximum flexibility from an and potential energy even at the start of autorotation is to understand the various a typical flare. energies at your disposal. Energy is the ability to do work, and the ones available in an autorotation What makes this relative size difference important is that are: potential, kinetic, and rotational. There is a subtle, the rotor RPM, while the smallest energy, but powerful interplay between these is far and away the most important energy – without the energies that we can use to our benefit – but only if we rotor RPM, it is not possible to control know and understand them. the helicopter and all the other energies are of no use! The process of getting from the time/place of the engine We’ve already identified 3 different stages to the failure to safely on the ground can be autorotation – the descent, the flare and thought of as an exercise in energy management. -
Energy Efficiency As a Low-Cost Resource for Achieving Carbon Emissions Reductions
Energy Effi ciency as a Low-Cost Resource for Achieving Carbon Emissions Reductions A RESOURCE OF THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY SEPTEMBER 2009 About This Document This paper, Energy Effi ciency as a Low-Cost Resource for Achieving Carbon Emissions Reductions, is provided to assist utility regulators, gas and electric utilities, and others in meeting the National Action Plan for Energy Effi ciency’s goal of achieving all cost-effective energy effi ciency by 2025. This paper summarizes the scale and economic value of energy effi - ciency for reducing carbon emissions and discusses the barriers to achieving the potential for cost-effective energy effi ciency. It also reviews current regional, state, and local approaches for including energy effi ciency in climate policy, using these approaches to inform a set of recommendations for leveraging energy effi ciency within state climate policy. The paper does not capture federal climate policy options or recommendations, discussion of tradable energy effi ciency credits, or emissions impacts of specifi c energy effi ciency measures or programs. The intended audience for the paper is any stakeholder interested in learning more about how to advance energy effi ciency as a low-cost resource to reduce carbon emissions. All stakeholders, including state policy-makers, public utility commissions, city councils, and utilities, can use this paper to understand the key issues and terminology, as well as the approaches that are being used to reduce carbon emissions by advancing energy effi ciency policies and programs. Energy Efficiency as a Low-Cost Resource for Achieving Carbon Emissions Reductions A RESOURCE OF THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR ENERGY EFFICIENCY SEPTEMBER 2009 The Leadership Group of the National Action Plan for Energy Efficiency is committed to taking action to increase investment in cost-effective energy efficiency. -
Smart Wheelchair Using Advanced Mechanism
International Journal of Latest Engineering Research and Applications (IJLERA) ISSN: 2455-7137 Volume – 02, Issue – 04, April – 2017, PP – 47-50 Smart Wheelchair Using Advanced Mechanism Mr.D.Sathish Kumar Assistant Professor(Sr.G) Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering & Technology Coimbatore E.Dhinakaran, V.Gohul, P.Harisankar Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering KPR Institute of Engineering & Technology Coimbatore Abstract: Freedom of mobility is a dream for every person with physical disability especially in the case of paralysis, quadriplegics. This paper focuses on the development of an advanced wheelchair for application of physically disabled persons. It helps the caregiver to avoid heavy lifting situations that put their back at risk of injury, and allow themto spend more energy at the end of the workday. The proposed concept works on the mechanical control principle whichis a friendly assisting device for the physically challenged patients who can pee without the help of caregiver. This paper presents the details about design, fabricate and testing of the device. With the outcome of this paper enhancesthe knowledge in the structural design of mechanical links. It has an advantage of exit hole for human waste; thereby it becomes advanced wheel chair. The hole can be closed and opened with the help of lead screw and dc motor. Finally, in order to validate the complete proposed advanced wheel chair, a prototype has been demonstrated and presented in this paper. I. Introduction A wheelchair is a wheeled mobility device in which the user sits. The device is propelled either manually or via various automated systems. -
Cross-Country Skiing and Running's Association with Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality: a Review of the Evidence
Journal Pre-proof Cross-country skiing and Running's association with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: A review of the evidence Jari A. Laukkanen, Setor K. Kunutsor, Cemal Ozemek, Timo Mäkikallio, Duck-chul Lee, Ulrik Wisloff, Carl J. Lavie PII: S0033-0620(19)30110-0 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2019.09.001 Reference: YPCAD 997 To appear in: Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases Please cite this article as: J.A. Laukkanen, S.K. Kunutsor, C. Ozemek, et al., Cross-country skiing and Running's association with cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality: A review of the evidence, Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases(2019), https://doi.org/ 10.1016/j.pcad.2019.09.001 This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2019 Published by Elsevier. Journal Pre-proof Cross-Country Skiing and Running’s Association with Cardiovascular Events and All-Cause Mortality: A Review of the Evidence Jari A Laukkanen,1,2,3 Setor K. Kunutsor,4,5 Cemal Ozemek6 Timo Mäkikallio,7 Duck-chul Lee,8 Ulrik Wisloff, 9,10 Carl J Lavie11 -
Understanding Pedal Power
TECHNICAL PAPER #51 UNDERSTANDING PEDAL POWER By David Gordon Wilson Technical Reviewers John Furber Lawrence M. Halls Lauren Howard Published By VITA 1600 Wilson Boulevard, Suite 500 Arlington, Virginia 22209 USA Tel: 703/276-1800 . Fax: 703/243-1865 Internet: [email protected] Understanding Pedal Power ISBN: 0-86619-268-9 [C]1986, Volunteers in Technical Assistance PREFACE This paper is one of a series published by Volunteers in Technical Assistance to provide an introduction to specific state-of-the-art technologies of interest to people in developing countries. The papers are intended to be used as guidelines to help people choose technologies that are suitable to their situations. They are not intended to provide construction or implementation details. People are urged to contact VITA or a similar organization for further information and technical assistance if they find that a particular technology seems to meet their needs. The papers in the series were written, reviewed, and illustrated almost entirely by VITA Volunteer technical experts on a purely voluntary basis. Some 500 volunteers were involved in the production of the first 100 titles issued, contributing approximately 5,000 hours of their time. VITA staff included Betsy Eisendrath as editor, Suzanne Brooks handling typesetting and layout, and Margaret Crouch as project manager. The author of this paper, VITA Volunteer David Gordon Wilson, is a mechanical engineer at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The reviewers are also VITA Volunteers. John Furber is a consultant in the fields of renewable energy, computers, and business development. His company, Starlight Energy Technology, is based in California.