March 4, 2011, NIH Record, Vol. LXIII, No. 5

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

March 4, 2011, NIH Record, Vol. LXIII, No. 5 MARCH 4, 2011 The Second Best Thing About Payday VOL. LXIII, NO. 5 Fought for Freedom, Respect Black History Event Honors African Americans’ ABOVE · NIH hosts visit by USAID adminis- Civil War Contributions trator Dr. Rajiv Shah. See story below. By Valerie Lambros his year’s Black History Month ob- features T servance focused on the role of Af- 1 rican Americans in the Civil War. The African-American Role in Civil War country marks the 150th anniversary of Is Topic of Black History Month Talk the start of the conflict this year. 3 The event, sponsored by the Office of Collins Names New Senior Advisor Equal Opportunity and Diversity Man- agement and the NIH Black Employ- 5 ment Program committee, provided “an AMA Honors NHGRI’s Gahl opportunity to hear more about the con- 12 tributions of African Americans to this Eight NIH’ers Named to AAAS nation,” said Dr. Lawrence Tabak, prin- Historian Royce Kinniebrew gives keynote address at cipal deputy director of NIH, in welcom- Black History Month observance. ing remarks. departments He recalled several prominent black scientists who have guided NIH, including the see black history, page 6 Briefs 2 USAID’s Shah Calls for More Science to Digest 9 Sustain Global Health Gains Milestones 10 By Steve Goldstein Paying tribute to NIH as an institution that envisions the world as it could be, not as it is today, USAID administrator Dr. Rajiv Shah extolled the role of scientific research in rais- ing health standards around the world. In a health address at NIH, Shah called for a new global health system that better con- Dr. Sean Eddy of HHMI Janelia Farm explains how nects NIH research discoveries with develop- researchers read the code of the human genome. ment efforts on the ground “and produces real Scientists Shed Light on Future of breakthroughs in our capacity to improve the Genomics health of the poor.” By Jeannine Mjoseth Harnessing the power of invention—scien- Prominent investigators in genomic research tific, technological and behavioral—on behalf shared their visions of the field’s future with a of the developing countries is what will make crowd at Natcher Conference Center on Feb. 11. a real impact on improving global health, he The meeting, hosted by the National Human declared. “We cannot simply seek to do more Genome Research Institute, marked the release of the same in an effort to provide services of its new strategic vision for genomics, which using currently available tools and technolo- was published Feb. 10 in Nature. gies,” he said. “Instead, we need to focus our The NIH Record is recyclable efforts on facilitating a continuum of inven- as office white paper. Joining NHGRI director Dr. Eric Green for tion and innovation from bench to bush.” see genomics, page 4 see global health, page 8 and non-traditional options for the treatment and management of pain. Alternative Testing Panel To Meet briefs The National Toxicology Program Interagency Center for the Evaluation of Alternative Toxicologi- cal Methods, which is headquartered at NIEHS, is Author Skloot To Give convening an international peer review panel Mar. Rall Lecture 29-30 in the Natcher Conference Center. The panel The annual J. Edward will evaluate results from an international validation Rall Cultural Lecture study of an in vitro test method using a human cell is titled “The Immor- line to detect endocrine-disrupting compounds. The tal Life of Henrietta meeting is free and open to the public. Register by Lacks,” and will be Mar. 15 at http://iccvam.niehs.nih.gov/contact/reg- given by Rebecca form-EDpanel.htm. Skloot, an award- winning science Women’s History Month Program Set, Mar. 16 writer whose articles NIH’s annual Women’s History Month observance have appeared in will be held on Wednesday, Mar. 16 from 11 a.m. to the New York Times noon in Wilson Hall, Bldg. 1. This year’s theme is Magazine, O, The “Our History is Our Strength.” NIH deputy director Oprah Magazine and others. The talk will be held for extramural research Dr. Sally Rockey will be the Monday, Mar. 14 from 10 to 11 a.m. in Masur keynote speaker. She will share information on her Auditorium, Bldg. 10. career trajectory, how she became interested in Skloot’s debut book The Immortal Life of Hen- extramural research administration and reflections rietta Lacks became an instant New York Times on the impact of women in science at NIH. bestseller. It won the Chicago Tribune Heartland Prize and the Wellcome Trust Book Prize and was The NIH Record is published biweekly at NIH Golf Association To Begin Play Bethesda, MD by the Editorial Operations named Best Book of 2010 by Amazon.com and a Branch, Office of Communications and Public Best Book of the Year by Entertainment Weekly, The NIHGA is an 18-hole co-ed league that welcomes Liaison, for the information of employees of O, The Oprah Magazine, the New York Times and golfers of all skill levels to play in a friendly, competi- the National Institutes of Health, Department numerous others. It is being translated into more tive environment. Play occurs mid-week at a different of Health and Human Services. The content is than 20 languages and adapted into a young adult nearby course approximately every second week reprintable without permission. Pictures may be available upon request. Use of funds for book and an HBO film produced by Oprah Winfrey beginning in April. The NIHGA currently has 6 teams printing this periodical has been approved by and Alan Ball. of about 25 players each. The league plays 8 stroke play events, followed by a double-elimination team the director of the Office of Management and Skloot has worked as a correspondent for NPR’s Budget through September 30, 2011. match play tournament of up to 7 outings. Handicaps Radiolab and PBS’s NOVA scienceNOW and is are maintained by the league. Play in any or all of the To receive alerts to our latest issue, send an guest editor of The Best American Science Writing outings at some of the best golf courses in the Mary- email to [email protected] with the words 2011. She has taught at the University of Memphis, land/Virginia area, as your schedule permits. And “Subscribe NIHRECORD” in the message body. the University of Pittsburgh and NYU. enjoy the benefit of mid-week, group-outing prices, NIH Record Office Bldg. 31, Rm. 5B41 Phone (301) 496-2125 Fax (301) 402-1485 Seating is on a first-come, first-served basis. Once usually in the $50 range. There are prizes for longest Masur hits capacity, people will be directed to drive and closest-to-the-pin at every event. The year Web address http://nihrecord.od.nih.gov Lipsett Amphitheater for overflow seating. is capped off with a scramble that includes golf, cart and dinner as well as trophies and other prizes. For Editor An online simulcast of the lecture will be available Richard McManus more information about the league, including the at http://videocast.nih.gov. For more information, [email protected] 2011 schedule, see www.recgov.org/nihga or contact contact Sarah Freeman at (301) 594-6747 or sarah. Howard Somers at [email protected]. Assistant Editor [email protected]. Carla Garnett [email protected] STEP Forum on Pain Management, Mar. 22 Circus Night Benefits NIH Children’s Charities Staff Writers The staff training in extramural programs (STEP) Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus will bring Jan Ehrman the 140th edition of “The Greatest Show on Earth” [email protected] committee will present a Current Controversies in Medicine forum on the topic “I Haven’t Got Time for to Verizon Center on Wednesday, Mar. 23. The 14th Valerie Lambros annual Children’s Premiere Night, hosted by R&W [email protected] the Pain—Is It Ever That Simple?” on Tuesday, Mar. 22, from 9 a.m. to noon in Rockledge II conference and benefiting the NIH Charities, begins with a free The NIH Record reserves the right to make center, Rm. 9112-9116. pre-show at 6 p.m. followed by the main event at 7. corrections, changes or deletions in submitted Tickets are on sale at the R&W activities desk in Bldg. copy in conformity with the policies of the Many diseases, syndromes and conditions cause paper and HHS. 31, Rm. B1W30 or by calling (301) 496-4600. Orders chronic and acute pain that affect quality of life. can be placed for tickets at any R&W store. Tickets Pain is the most common reason people seek treat- available include Circus Celebrity—front row/interac- ment; however many people still experience pain tive seating where you become part of the show $80 unnecessarily. Join us for this informative forum to (reg. $110), front row $53 (reg. $75), VIP $39 (reg. learn about the latest breakthroughs in traditional $52), section 111 & 112 (best seats) $24 (reg. $35). 2 NIH RECORD MARCH 4, 2011 2 MARCH 4, 2011 MARCH 4, 2011 VOL. LXIII, NO. 5 new challenges,” he said. “The potential to have broad impact in biomedical sci- ence is, for me, the biggest attraction. “I am a Ph.D. scientist,” he continued, “but I have always been interested in clini- cal applications of my work. Looking back, my biggest regret is that I didn’t get an M.D., which would have given me a chance to help patients directly. But this [new] job offers the potential of indirectly helping those in need.” Before working at Novartis, Ranganathan was a scientific consultant for Care Capital LLC.
Recommended publications
  • 2004 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal Address Delivered by Award Recipient William S
    2004 Albert B. Sabin Gold Medal Address Delivered by Award Recipient William S. Jordan, Jr., M.D. With a Tribute by John R. LaMontagne, Ph.D. May 25, 2004 Arlington, Virginia INTRODUCTION by H.R. Shepherd, D.Sc. Chairman, The Albert B. Sabin Vaccine Institute he Sabin Vaccine Institute pursues Dr. Albert B. Sabin’s vision of a T world protected from disease by vaccines. The annual awarding of the Sabin Gold Medal has always been among our most meaningful traditions. The 2004 award was presented in May to an icon in vaccine research, William S. Jordan, Jr., M.D., at a ceremony in Arlington, Virginia, during the 7th Annual Conference on Vaccine Research, co-organized by the Sabin Vaccine Institute. The positive impact of vaccines on the health and well being of humanity continues to be a marvel of our modern world. Vaccine improvements, new vaccines, and vaccines in the pipeline represent an advancing field of science that brings untold preventive benefit to millions around the world. Along with his career in vaccine research, Dr. Jordan has engaged in compiling the record of scientific advancements in the field. His name is synonymous with both vaccine research and the compendium—The Jordan Report—that for 25 years has been a repository for advances in the vaccine field. The Sabin Gold Medal Advisory Committee, chaired by Maj. Gen. Philip K. Russell, M.D. (USA Ret.), selected Dr. Jordan for this honor after canvassing 300 members of the scientific community. We are pleased to recognize Dr. Jordan with this honor, noting his exemplary contributions in the vaccine field and commitment to lifesaving medical discoveries.
    [Show full text]
  • Robert Purcell: Okay
    Office of NIH History Oral History Interview with Dr. Robert H. Purcell (NIAID, LID) Conducted on December 7, 2005, by Dr. Lisa K. Walker At the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Abstract: Dr. Purcell describes his education and training, his early career in the Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, and his work since he has headed LID studies of hepatitis viruses. He describes how the LID broadened its work, from a focus on viruses causing respiratory diseases through the early 1960s, to include hepatitis as well as gastroenteritis viruses. He also discusses internal collaborations at NIH and extramural collaborations, and many of the chance findings and coincidences that helped to further study of hepatitis and control of infection. Dr. Purcell also comments on how advances in technology and instrumentation have influenced the study of hepatitis viruses. Lisa Walker: I would like to start out by hearing a little bit about your growing up, and your family and your decisions as you entered university and training in chemistry to begin with. Robert Purcell: Okay. I was born in Iowa and moved to Texas when I was six months old, and spent my first nine years in Dallas, Texas. Then my family moved to rural Oklahoma, and that’s where I lived until I finished college and then went off to medical school. I guess I developed an interest in science from my brother, who was in college and was taking science courses, [and] who would come home with interesting little tidbits about things, and that really kind of excited me. The school I went to, since it was in rural Oklahoma, actually was a minimal school.
    [Show full text]
  • COLLEGE of LETTERS and SCIENCE ALUMNI: KNOWLEDGE in ACTION COLLEGE of LETTERS and SCIENCE Dear Friends and Colleagues, Dean, Nicol C
    THE COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE • MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY • 2016-2017 • VOLUME 13 COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE ALUMNI: KNOWLEDGE IN ACTION COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE Dear friends and colleagues, Dean, Nicol C. Rae Associate Dean, David Cherry In 2016, Montana State University Associate Dean, Bridget Kevane celebrated and honored the legacy of Director of Finance and Administration, Mindy Brown Assistant to the Dean, Sarah Miller Maurice Hilleman, the College of Letters Administrative and Student Support Coordinator, and Science’s—and arguably MSU’s— Nicol Rae. Jennifer Storment most world-changing alumnus. Communications Director, Jody Sanford Advising Coordinator, Erica Dungan Hillman graduated from MSU in 1941 with degrees in chemistry and Accounting Operations Manager, Cassandra Balent microbiology. He pursued a career as a microbiologist, specializing in vaccinology Information Technology Director, Michael Wright and developing over 40 vaccines, an unparalleled record of productivity. Of the COLLEGE OF LETTERS AND SCIENCE 14 vaccines routinely recommended in current vaccine schedules, he developed ADVISORY COUNCIL eight: those for measles, mumps, hepatitis A, hepatitis B, chickenpox, meningitis, Michael Beehler Betsy Quammen pneumonia and Haemophilus influenzae bacteria. He also played a role in the Julianne Bye Peter Roos discovery of the cold-producing adenoviruses, the hepatitis viruses and the cancer- Ingrid Degreef Peter Sadowski Marshall Gingery Bradley Snow causing virus SV40. He is credited with saving more lives than any other medical Ariana Paliobagis Gary Stoner scientist of the 20th century. Gary Popiel William Yellowtail Jr. In April of this year, MSU held the Maurice Hilleman Vaccine Symposium, DEPARTMENTS AND DEPARTMENT HEADS featuring some of the nation’s most noted experts in vaccine.
    [Show full text]
  • Fire Departments of Pathology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room L235, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA
    GENE SILENCING BY DOUBLE STRANDED RNA Nobel Lecture, December 8, 2006 by Andrew Z. Fire Departments of Pathology and Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room L235, Stanford, CA 94305-5324, USA. I would like to thank the Nobel Assembly of the Karolinska Institutet for the opportunity to describe some recent work on RNA-triggered gene silencing. First a few disclaimers, however. Telling the full story of gene silencing would be a mammoth enterprise that would take me many years to write and would take you well into the night to read. So we’ll need to abbreviate the story more than a little. Second (and as you will see) we are only in the dawn of our knowledge; so consider the following to be primer... the best we could do as of December 8th, 2006. And third, please understand that the story that I am telling represents the work of several generations of biologists, chemists, and many shades in between. I’m pleased and proud that work from my labo- ratory has contributed to the field, and that this has led to my being chosen as one of the messengers to relay the story in this forum. At the same time, I hope that there will be no confusion of equating our modest contributions with those of the much grander RNAi enterprise. DOUBLE STRANDED RNA AS A BIOLOGICAL ALARM SIGNAL These disclaimers in hand, the story can now start with a biography of the first main character. Double stranded RNA is probably as old (or almost as old) as life on earth.
    [Show full text]
  • Drugs That Changed the World
    Drugs That Changed the World Drugs That Changed the World How Therapeutic Agents Shaped Our Lives Irwin W. Sherman CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2017 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed on acid-free paper Version Date: 20160922 International Standard Book Number-13: 978-1-4987-9649-1 (Hardback) This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. While all reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher can accept any legal respon- sibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publishers wish to make clear that any views or opinions expressed in this book by individual editors, authors or contributors are personal to them and do not neces- sarily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers. The information or guidance contained in this book is intended for use by medical, scientific or health-care professionals and is provided strictly as a supplement to the medical or other professional’s own judgement, their knowledge of the patient’s medical history, relevant manufacturer’s instructions and the appropriate best practice guidelines. Because of the rapid advances in medical science, any information or advice on dosages, procedures or diagnoses should be independently verified. The reader is strongly urged to consult the relevant national drug formulary and the drug companies’ and device or material manufacturers’ printed instructions, and their websites, before administering or utilizing any of the drugs, devices or materials mentioned in this book.
    [Show full text]
  • July 16-31, 2009
    Eagleville Times Also serving Arrington, College Grove, Rockvale, Triune & Unionville Volume 7, Issue 14 - 50¢ July 16 - 31, 2009 Eagleville, Tennessee Highway 99 THOMAS MAUPIN Improvement Project 2009 Uncle Dave Macon INSIDE Trailblazer Award Winner Ahead Of Schedule BY BOBBIE SUE SHELTON-LONAS BY MELISSA BUCHANAN Thomas Maupin, of Murfreesboro, was Page 2 Business The Highway 99 Improvement Project honored as the recipient of the 2009 Uncle Directory enters its final phase of construction ahead Dave Macon Trailblazer Award presented on of schedule, according to Jaime Fitzpatrick, the opening night of the 32nd annual festival TDOT’s Project Supervisor over the in Murfreesboro. This distinguished award is Murfreesboro Construction office. given to those who have been at the forefront Page 3 A Message of preserving a traditional art. Thomas, a six- The Highway 99 Improvement Project will From Your time buck dancing national champion is very provide drivers with added safety, widening deserving of this award. Considered one of Mayor the roadway, eliminating dangerous curves, the best flat-foot dancers in the country, he and adding 8-foot shoulders, as drivers has the awards to prove it. Winning more than who commute between Eagleville and the 60 first-place honors as well as the Nashville Concord area of Rockvale have already put Page 14 Health & Silver Stars Talent show for artists 60 years portions of the new state route to use. Wellness and older is quite of an accomplishment for The current phase of construction is the this self-taught dancer. This year he also was new roadbed that begins at Swamp Road, a finalist for the Tennessee Governor’s Award bypassing the downtown Eagleville area by in the Arts.
    [Show full text]
  • 25.3 Joana Final Draft Mike Format 19
    January 2016 ISAR News Vol. 25 No. 3 Editor Anthony Vere Hodge Guest editor, Joana Rocha-Pereira ©International Society for Antiviral Research La Jolla, CA, USA welcomes the 29th ICAR, 17-21 April 2016 at IN THIS ISSUE ISAR PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE ISAR President’s Message I would like to offer a warm welcome to all of our ICAR 2016 members to the 29th International Conference on Update on the 29th ICAR Antiviral Research which will be held in La Jolla, CA Invitation to La Jolla in April 2016. Our meeting this year will commence Women in Science on the afternoon of Sunday April 17th with Drug th Discovery 101 and conclude midday on Thursday 29 ICAR: Useful information April 21st. In between, Mark Prichard and the ISAR elections - Our new officers Program Committee have put together a top notch Current research scientific program which includes two Keynote New infection models for human norovirus Addresses, two mini-symposia, our annual Prusoff, drug development Elion and Holy award lectures, and a variety of Antivirals on the horizon podium presentations and posters based on submissions from our delegates. Mark has worked MERS-coronavirus: a moving target? diligently this year to also incorporate a novel session ICAR through the years on diagnostic technologies which will feature Erik De Clercq’s ISAR/ICAR memories presentations from a variety of companies that ISAR member profile provide us with the technologies necessary to more Erik De Clercq efficiently and quantitatively perform our research. News items As always the meeting will prominently feature Ebola update: So near, yet so far networking opportunities which is the hallmark of ICAR 2015 Financial summary ICAR.
    [Show full text]
  • Medical Virology of Hepatitis B: How It Began and Where We Are Now Wolfram H Gerlich
    Gerlich Virology Journal 2013, 10:239 http://www.virologyj.com/content/10/1/239 REVIEW Open Access Medical Virology of Hepatitis B: how it began and where we are now Wolfram H Gerlich Abstract Infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) may lead to acute or chronic hepatitis. HBV infections were previously much more frequent but there are still 240 million chronic HBV carriers today and ca. 620,000 die per year from the late sequelae liver cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B was recognized as a disease in ancient times, but its etiologic agent was only recently identified. The first clue in unraveling this mystery was the discovery of an enigmatic serum protein named Australia antigen 50 years ago by Baruch Blumberg. Some years later this was recognized to be the HBV surface antigen (HBsAg). Detection of HBsAg allowed for the first time screening of inapparently infected blood donors for a dangerous pathogen. The need to diagnose clinically silent HBV infections was a strong driving force in the development of modern virus diagnostics. HBsAg was the first infection marker to be assayed with a highly sensitive radio immune assay. HBV itself was among the first viruses to be detected by assay of its DNA genome and IgM antibodies against the HBV core antigen were the first to be selectively detected by the anti-μ capture assay. The cloning and sequencing of the HBV genome in 1978 paved the way to understand the viral life cycle, and allowed development of efficient vaccines and drugs. Today’s hepatitis B vaccine was the first vaccine produced by gene technology.
    [Show full text]
  • The Jordan Report 20Th Anniversary: Accelerated Development Of
    USA ES IC V R E S N A M U H & D H H E T P L A A R E T H M F F E N O T Accelerated Development of Vaccines Preface In 1982, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Dis­ Along with these technological advances, there has been a eases (NIAID) established the Program for the Accelerated heightened awareness of the importance of vaccines for global Development of Vaccines. For 20 years, this program has helped health and security. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome stimulate the energy, intellect, and ability of scientists in micro­ (AIDS), malaria, and tuberculosis have demonstrated to the biology, immunology, and infectious diseases. Vaccine research world the importance of public health in economic development. has certainly benefited. The status report reflecting this Most recently, the threat of bioterrorism has reminded many progress in vaccine research has come to be known as the Jor­ Americans of the value of vaccines as public health tools. dan Report in recognition of Dr. William Jordan, past director of NIAID’s Division of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Articles by outside experts in this edition highlight many of the (DMID) and the program’s earliest advocate. scientific advances, challenges, and issues of vaccine research during these two decades. As we look to the decade ahead, the This anniversary edition of the Jordan Report summarizes 20 payoffs from basic research will continue to invigorate vaccine years of achievements in vaccine research driven by the explo­ development, but economic, risk communication, and safety sive technological advances in genomics, immunology, and challenges are likely to influence the licensing of new vaccines.
    [Show full text]
  • U.S. Markets for Vaccines
    U.S. Markets for Vaccines U.S. Markets for Vaccines Characteristics, Case Studies, and Controversies Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner The AEI Press Publisher for the American Enterprise Institute WASHINGTON, D.C. Distributed to the Trade by National Book Network, 15200 NBN Way, Blue Ridge Summit, PA 17214. To order call toll free 1-800-462-6420 or 1-717-794-3800. For all other inquiries please contact the AEI Press, 1150 Seventeenth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 or call 1-800-862-5801. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Berndt, Ernst R. U.S. markets for vaccines : characteristics, case studies, and controversies / Ernst R. Berndt, Rena N. Denoncourt, and Anjli C. Warner. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-8447-4280-9 ISBN-10: 0-8447-4280-5 1. Vaccines industry—United States. 2. Market surveys—United States. I. Denoncourt, Rena N. II. Warner, Anjli C. III. Title. [DNLM: 1. Vaccines—economics—United States. 2. Drug Discovery—economics—United States. 3. Drug Industry—economics—United States. QW 805 B524u 2009] HD9675.V333.U6 2009 381'.456153720973—dc22 2009006713 13 12 11 10 09 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 © 2009 by the American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, Wash- ington, D.C. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be used or repro- duced in any manner whatsoever without permission in writing from the American Enterprise Institute except in the case of brief quotations embodied in news articles, critical articles, or reviews. The views expressed in the publications of the American Enterprise Institute are those of the authors and do not neces- sarily reflect the views of the staff, advisory panels, officers, or trustees of AEI.
    [Show full text]
  • Sabin Vaccine Report
    Volume VIII, Number 1 Sabin Vaccine Spring 2005 EPORT The newsletter of the Albert B. Sabin Vaccine InstituteR — dedicated to disease prevention www.sabin.org FDA Clears Human Hookworm Vaccine for Phase I Safety Trials Sabin/GW Researchers Receive Word on Investigational New Drug Status for Vaccine Clinical trials to test the safety of a gin safety trials is a major milestone for in individuals who suffer from hook- first-of-its-kind human hookworm vac- the human hookworm vaccine project,” worm infection.” cine will begin in the Washington, DC Hotez said. “It has taken an amazing Human hookworm infection is caused area in the coming weeks after the U.S. amount of our team’s effort to get us to by parasitic worms that fasten onto the Food and Drug Administration conferred the current stage of vaccine develop- inner layers of the small intestine using investigational new drug status on the ment. Of course, our ultimate goal is to their teeth-like projections and cause vaccine this past January. No current take this research to developing coun- blood loss at the attachment site. vaccine is available to prevent hook- tries where the vaccine will be tested Hookworm disease refers to the iron worm disease, which is one of the most Continued on page 4 common chronic infections of humans with an estimated 740 million cases in The village of Americaninhas, areas of rural poverty in the tropics in a rural part of Minas Gerais and subtropics. state in Brazil, is the focus of a The Human Hookworm Vaccine Ini- field study of hookworm dis- tiative (HHVI) is sponsored by the ease burden, being conducted Albert B.
    [Show full text]
  • Maurice Hilleman: Why You Survived Childhood Microbiologist Maurice Hilleman Likely Saved Your Life
    Maurice Hilleman: Why You Survived Childhood Microbiologist Maurice Hilleman likely saved your life. He certainly saved the lives of millions of other people. Noted AIDs researcher Robert Gallo called him “the most successful vaccinologist in history.” Hilleman’s story begins in his home town of Miles City, Montana. His mother and twin sister died at the time of his birth in 1919, and he ended up being raised by his uncle and aunt on the family’s farm. He credited the family chickens for contributing to his later success; chicken eggs have been long used to grow viruses for vaccines. It was the depths of the Depression, and Hilleman didn’t believe he would be able to attend college. With the help of an older brother and scholarships he was able to attend Montana Dr. Maurice Hilleman State University, graduating first in his class in 1941. He received a fellowship to attend the University of Chicago, and earned a doctorate in microbiology. His first success was in developing a vaccine that worked against a strain of encephalitis that endangered American troops in World War II’s Pacific operations. He then discovered the “shift and drift” mutations of the influenza virus. He recognized that an outbreak in Hong Kong was a new strain that could kill millions. He and a colleague developed a vaccine against it, and 40 million doses helped prevent massive numbers of deaths in the United States; 69,000 Americans who did not get the vaccine died. One vaccine started very close to home. In 1963, his daughter Jeryl Lynn caught the mumps.
    [Show full text]