DOCSLIB.ORG

Part 4: Watershed Management

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Part 4: Watershed Management Part 4: Watershed Management Final Report, Volume III Part 4: Watershed Management Supporting Report Table of Contents THE STUDY ON INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT FOR ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION OF THE ANZALI WETLAND FINAL REPORT Volume III Supporting Report TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 4 WATERSHED MANAGEMENT Page CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................. 1-1 1.1 General........................................................................................................... 1-1 1.2 Scope of the Study........................................................................................... 1-1 1.2.1 Study Area.................................................................................... 1-1 1.2.2 Coverage of the Study................................................................... 1-1 1.3 Composition of the Study Report...................................................................... 1-2 CHAPTER 2 PRESENT CONDITIONS OF THE WATERSHED........................... 2-1 2.1 Natural Conditions of the Watershed................................................................. 2-1 2.1.1 Topography .................................................................................. 2-1 2.1.2 Major Rivers and Sub-watersheds .................................................. 2-1 2.1.3 Geology and Soil .......................................................................... 2-3 2.1.4 Vegetation .................................................................................... 2-9 2.1.5 Land Use...................................................................................... 2-10 2.2 Socio-economic Conditions of the Watershed.................................................... 2-13 2.2.1 Administration and Demography ................................................... 2-13 2.2.2 Household Income ........................................................................ 2-14 2.2.3 Job Opportunities in the Study Area ............................................... 2-14 2.2.4 Ethnicity ...................................................................................... 2-14 2.3 Major Environmental Issues related to the Wetland............................................ 2-15 2.3.1 General ........................................................................................ 2-15 2.3.2 Situation of Soil Erosion................................................................ 2-15 2.3.3 Rangeland and Forest Degradation................................................. 2-20 Nippon Koei Co., Ltd The Study on Integrated Management for Ecosystem Conservation of the Anzali Wetland i Final Report, Volume III Part 4: Watershed Management Supporting Report Table of Contents CHAPTER 3 PRESENT WATERSHED MANAGEMENT ..................................... 3-1 3.1 Institutional Framework................................................................................... 3-1 3.1.1 Laws and Regulations ................................................................... 3-1 3.1.2 Organizations ............................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Current Soil Erosion Control............................................................................ 3-4 3.2.1 Direct Measures for Soil Erosion Control ....................................... 3-4 3.2.2 Prevention of Landslides and Slope Collapse.................................. 3-7 3.3 Present Forest and Rangeland Management....................................................... 3-7 3.3.1 Jurisdiction of NRGO.................................................................... 3-7 3.3.2 Forest Management....................................................................... 3-9 3.3.3 Rangeland Management ................................................................ 3-18 3.4 Plain Area Management................................................................................... 3-20 3.5 Major Management Issues and Possible Prospects under the Present Systems...... 3-21 3.5.1 Soil Erosion Control and Prevention of Land Slides ........................ 3-21 3.5.2 Forest and Rangeland Management................................................ 3-22 3.5.3 Livestock Resettlement Program.................................................... 3-24 CHAPTER 4 PROPOSED WATERSHED MANAGEMENT PLAN ....................... 4-1 4.1 General........................................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Objectives .................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.2 Strategies...................................................................................... 4-1 4.1.3 Precondition/External Condition .................................................... 4-5 4.1.4 Components of the Watershed Management Plan ............................ 4-6 4.2 Soil Erosion Control........................................................................................ 4-6 4.2.1 Erosion Control ............................................................................ 4-6 4.2.2 Measures to Prevent Landslides and Slope Collapse........................ 4-19 4.2.3 Effects of Soil Erosion Control Works ............................................ 4-20 4.3 Forest and Rangeland Management .................................................................. 4-23 4.3.1 General ........................................................................................ 4-23 4.3.2 Conduct of a Pilot Activity of Participatory Resource Management .. 4-23 4.3.3 Reforestation of Degraded Forests (70 km2).................................... 4-27 4.3.4 Reforestation in the Margin Areas (112 km2)................................... 4-30 4.3.5 Forest Management under the Forestry Plans .................................. 4-32 4.3.6 Conservation of Protected Forests .................................................. 4-33 4.3.7 Rangeland Management by Graziers .............................................. 4-33 4.3.8 Preparation of Regulations Necessary for Participatory Resource Management .................................................................. 4-38 4.3.9 Improvement of the Livestock Resettlement Program...................... 4-38 Nippon Koei Co., Ltd The Study on Integrated Management for Ecosystem Conservation of the Anzali Wetland ii Final Report, Volume III Part 4: Watershed Management Supporting Report Table of Contents 4.4 Plain Area Management (Countermeasures for Sediment Runoff)....................... 4-40 4.4.1 Source-level Control of Sediment Runoff in the Plain Areas ............ 4-40 4.4.2 Measures to Control Inflow of Sediment into the Wetland................ 4-41 4.3.3 River Management for Extreme Conditions .................................... 4-42 4.5 Livelihood Development ................................................................................. 4-42 4.5.1 Participatory Study on Livelihood Improvement of Graziers ............ 4-43 4.5.2 Capacity Development of NRGO Provincial and Local Offices........ 4-44 4.5.3 Livelihood Improvement of Local People in Forest and Rangeland Management................................................................................. 4-47 4.6 Environmental Monitoring . ........... .................................................................. 4-51 4.6.1 General ........................................................................................ 4-51 4.6.2 Monitoring of Soil Erosion Effect .................................................. 4-51 4.6.3 Monitoring of Land Use/Vegetation Cover...................................... 4-52 4.6.4 Monitoring of Rangeland Management........................................... 4-53 4.6.5 Monitoring of Forest Management ................................................. 4-54 4.6.6 Monitoring of the Livestock Resettlement Program......................... 4-55 4.7 Institutional Arrangement ................................................................................ 4-56 4.7.1 Coordination among the Relevant Organizations ............................. 4-56 4.7.2 Capacity Development for Sustainable Watershed Management....... 4-57 CHAPTER 5 COST ESTIMATE............................................................................. 5-1 5.1 Basic Conditions of Cost Estimate.................................................................... 5-1 5.1.1 Conditions and Assumptions.......................................................... 5-1 5.1.2 Cost Components.......................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Cost Estimate.................................................................................................. 5-1 5.2.1 Project Cost.................................................................................................... 5-1 5.2.2 Operation and Maintenance Cost.................................................... 5-11 5.2.3 Annual Cost Disbursement Schedule.............................................. 5-11 CHAPTER 6 IMPLEMENTATION PROGRAM.................................................... 6-1 6.1 General........................................................................................................... 6-1 6.2 Implementation Agencies................................................................................. 6-3 6.3 Evaluation of the Proposed Projects.................................................................. 6-3 6.3.1 Evaluation Criteria.......................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Watershed Management Carroll University – Fall 2013
    ENV455 – Watershed Management Carroll University – Fall 2013 Professor: Dr. Jason G. Freund Lecture: Tuesday and Thursday 8:00 to 9:50, Maxon 103 Office: Rankin 304C Office Hours: Monday 2:00 to 3:30, Thursday 1:00 to Phone: (262) 524-7146 3:00, Friday 10:40 to 12:00; other hours by dropping in or E-mail: [email protected] make an appointment to be sure I will be in my office. I. Course Description From the Carroll University catalog: This course examines the interaction of abiotic, biotic, and social components in the management of a drainage basin's terrestrial and aquatic resources. Through the examination of global watershed management literature and related case studies, students will actively engage in the development of a watershed management plan. Class projects will focus on selected Wisconsin, upper Midwest, and Great Lakes watersheds. (Fa) Prerequisites: ENV 201 (not yet enforced), plus junior or senior standing. ENV 267 recommended. Watershed Management ENV 455 is a required course for Environmental Science majors and an important elective for majors in Biology and Environmental Science minors. This course will expose students to a wide range of issues associated with the management of natural resources. We will use the watershed as the management unit – as many state and federal agencies have moved their emphasis to the watershed scale – though other geographic scales could easily be substituted. This course aims to provide experiences related to the management of both terrestrial and aquatic resources and provide students with an appreciation of the interaction among aquatic and terrestrial environments. Maybe most importantly, students will understand the decision-making process and how societal norms and policies influence the management of natural resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Freshwater Resources and Their Management
    3 Freshwater resources and their management Coordinating Lead Authors: Zbigniew W. Kundzewicz (Poland), Luis José Mata (Venezuela) Lead Authors: Nigel Arnell (UK), Petra Döll (Germany), Pavel Kabat (The Netherlands), Blanca Jiménez (Mexico), Kathleen Miller (USA), Taikan Oki (Japan), Zekai Senç (Turkey), Igor Shiklomanov (Russia) Contributing Authors: Jun Asanuma (Japan), Richard Betts (UK), Stewart Cohen (Canada), Christopher Milly (USA), Mark Nearing (USA), Christel Prudhomme (UK), Roger Pulwarty (Trinidad and Tobago), Roland Schulze (South Africa), Renoj Thayyen (India), Nick van de Giesen (The Netherlands), Henk van Schaik (The Netherlands), Tom Wilbanks (USA), Robert Wilby (UK) Review Editors: Alfred Becker (Germany), James Bruce (Canada) This chapter should be cited as: Kundzewicz, Z.W., L.J. Mata, N.W. Arnell, P. Döll, P. Kabat, B. Jiménez, K.A. Miller, T. Oki, Z. Senç and I.A. Shiklomanov, 2007: Freshwater resources and their management. Climate Change 2007: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability. Contribution of Working Group II to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, M.L. Parry, O.F. Canziani, J.P. Palutikof, P.J. van der Linden and C.E. Hanson, Eds., Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 173-210. Freshwater resources and their management Chapter 3 Table of Contents .....................................................175 3.5.2 How will climate change affect flood Executive summary damages?...............................................................196 .......................................................175
    [Show full text]
  • Kingdom of Cambodia
    Forests & Water/REF/12 KINGDOM OF CAMBODIA Nation Religion King I I I I I I Country Report on Forest and Watershed Management Prepared by Teang Sokhom Deputy Chief of GIS/RS and Watershed Management Unit Department of Forestry and Wildlife Contact Address: # 40, Norodom Blvd. Phnom Penh CAMBODIA TEL/FAX: 855-23-214614 Mobil phone: 855-12-840725 Email: [email protected] 1 CONTENT Page I. Background 2 II. Deforestation 2 III. Forest Management 3 3.1 Forest Land allocation 4 3.2 Forest Concession Management 4 3.2.1 Concession level forest inventory (long term, 25-30 years) 5 3.2.2 Compartment level forest inventory (medium term, 5 years) 5 3.2.3 Coupe harvesting plan (Annual term, 1 year) 6 3.3 National Protected Areas 6 3.4 Protected Forest 6 3.5 Forest Plantation 7 3.6 Forest Community 8 IV. Watershed Management 8 4.1 Data for Watershed Management 9 4.1.1 Data available 9 4.1.2 Data not yet available 9 4.2 Watershed's Issues 10 4.3 Watershed Management Activities 10 4.4 Future Plan 10 4.5 Constrain Faced 10 4.6 Proposal 11 Annex 12 2 I. Background The multiple demands on the land, natural and water resources of the Cambodia increasingly strain its watershed. The integrity of watersheds is, however, vital to sustainable natural resources management. Of particular interest in this regard are water regime and water quality of the river system which depend to a large extent on the conditions of the landscape in the head waters.
    [Show full text]
  • Country Status Report on Watershed Management in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam
    Working Paper 08 Country Status Report on Watershed Management in Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand and Vietnam As Background Information for the Policy Dialogue on Watershed Management 28 – 30 September 2004 prepared by Min Bunnara (Cambodia) Sengkham Inthiravongsy (Lao PDR) Vanchai Viranan (Thailand) Pham Thi Thuy Co (Vietnam) And Others Vientiane, September 2004 (Edition: Christoph Backhaus, Jeremy Broadhead and Timo Menniken, September 2004) MRC-GTZ Cooperation Programme Agriculture, Irrigation and Forestry Programme Watershed Management Component Table of Content Part I Summary The Status of Watershed Management in Cambodia 1. Enabling regulations 05 2. Institutional framework 05 3. Consistency in planning processes 06 4. Implementation experiences 06 5. Capacity building 07 6. Impact monitoring 08 7. Financial mechanisms and incentives 09 8. Conclusions 09 The Status of Watershed Management in Lao PDR 1. Enabling regulations 11 2. Institutional framework 11 3. Consistency in planning processes 12 4. Implementation experiences 13 5. Capacity building 14 6. Impact monitoring 14 7. Financial mechanisms and incentives 15 8. Conclusions 15 The Status of Watershed Management in Thailand 1. Enabling regulations 17 2. Institutional framework 18 3. Consistency in planning processes 18 4. Implementation experiences 19 5. Capacity building 19 6. Impact monitoring 20 7. Financial mechanisms and incentives 20 8. Conclusions 21 The Status of Watershed Management in Vietnam 1. Enabling regulations 23 2. Institutional framework 23 3. Consistency in planning processes 24 4. Implementation experiences 25 5. Capacity building 26 6. Impact monitoring 26 7. Financial mechanisms and incentives 27 8. Conclusions 27 2 Part II Extended Version The Status of Watershed Management in Cambodia 0.
    [Show full text]
  • Incorporating Wetlands Into Watershed Planning
    EPA Region 5 Wetlands Supplement: Incorporating Wetlands into Watershed Planning February 2013 Photograph Sources All photographs are in the public domain. Clockwise starting in the upper left: 1. R. Hagerty. 2001. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Horicon National Wildlife Refuge. Wetland sunrise; water and reeds in foreground with plant growth in background. (Wisconsin) 2. R. Hagerty. 2003. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. A close-up view of a whooping crane photographed at the International Crane Foundation in Baraboo, Wisconsin. Endangered species. 3. J. Hollingsworth and K. Hollingsworth. 2008. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Hooded Merganser brood, Seney National Wildlife Refuge, Michigan. 4. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2008. Thirty-acre wetland restoration in Rice County, Minnesota. 5. D. Becker. 2010. U.S. Geological Survey. Floodwaters at Moorhead, Minnesota. 6. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2009. Three men using equipment to take core samples at Roxanna Marsh, Grand Calumet River, in Hammond, Indiana, as part of a wetland restoration effort and damage assessment process. EPA Region 5 Wetlands Supplement Contents Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations ..................................................................................................... vii 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 What Is the Purpose of This Supplement? ........................................................................ 1 1.2 Why Include
    [Show full text]
  • WRI Issue Brief Southern Forests for the Future Incentives Series Issue Brief 2
    WRI Issue Brief Southern Forests for the Future Incentives Series Issue Brief 2 Forests for Water: exploring Payments for Watershed services in the u.s. south CRaIg Hanson, JoHn TalBerth, and logan YonavJak SUMMARY • The forested watersheds of the southern United States provide a • Entities that may have a business case for making a payment for number of benefits—including water flow regulation, flood control, watershed services include beverage companies, power compa- water purification, erosion control, and freshwater supply—to the nies with hydroelectric facilities, manufacturers that rely on clean region’s citizens, communities, and businesses. freshwater supplies for processing, housing developers, public and private wastewater treatment plants, city and county governments, • The loss and degradation of forests can reduce their ability to drinking water utilities, and public departments of transportation, provide these watershed-related ecosystem services. among others. • Payments for watershed services provide landowners financial • These entities can pursue a number of steps to capture the poten- incentives to conserve, sustainably manage, and/or restore forests tial benefits of payments for watershed services, including identify- specifically to provide one or more watershed-related ecosystem ing those forests most responsible for their clean water supplies, services. Such payments typically involve downstream beneficiaries conducting economic analyses of green versus gray infrastructure, paying upstream forest owners or forest
    [Show full text]
  • Watershed Management and Sustainable Development: Lessons Learned and Future Directions
    This file was created by scanning the printed publication. Errors identified by the software have been corrected; however, some errors may remain. Watershed Management and Sustainable Development: Lessons Learned and Future Directions Karlyn Eckmanl, Hans M. Gregersenl, and Allen L. Lundgrenl Abstract.-A fundamental belief underlying the direction and content paper is that the paradigms of land and water manage- of this paper is that the paradigms of land and water management ment evolving into the 21" century increasingly favor a evolving into the 21st century increasingly favor a watershed focused watershed focused approach. The logic of using a water- approach. Underlying that approach is an appreciation of the processes of sustainable development and resource use. The increasing recogni- shed management approach as the unit of management tion that sustainable development and sustainable ecosystem manage- has been well documented, and encompasses multiple ment are processes rather than end states, is coupled with an increasing technical and socioeconomic dimensions. Underlying that awareness that these processes are fraught with uncertainty, and that approach is an appreciation of the processes of sustainable cumulative effects matter. ,This recognition opens a number of new doors in terms of participatory adaptive management. Practical strate- development and resource use. While all is not rosy and gies for dealing with uncertainty and avoiding unsustainable develop- nice in the world, we see some fundamental trends that ment include more coordinated policies and programs that link distinct are leading toward a more sustainable management of our political entities; greater flexibility in planning and management; comple- natural resources and ecosystems. menting technical appraisals with socioeconomic assessments; using Greater emphasis also is being given to decentralized, interdisciplinary and participatory planning approaches at all levels; and precautionary monitoring with early warning signs.
    [Show full text]
  • Linking Silviculture to Watershed Management
    AUGUST 2008 LINLINKKINGING SILVISILVICUCULLTUTURERE TTOO WWAATTERSHEERSHEDD MANAGEMENMANAGEMENTT • THE EMERGING USE OF WILLOW • WESTERN CLIMATE INITIATIVE • ABORIGINAL SILVIcuLtuRE PM40026059 Contents Cover Story Linking Silviculture to Watershed Management Cover6 Many of the key issues in integrated watershed management are more closely tied to the implementation and success of silvicultural systems than is often appreciated by many forest practitioners. Features 12FeaturesWestern Climate Initiative Draft Recommendations for Cap-and-Trade Program 22 Not My Grandmother’s Willow: The Emerging Use of Willow for Phytoremediation and Biomass Production 28 Aboriginal Silviculture Publisher Joyce Hayne Designer Krysta Furioso Account Manager Johannis Breyten Editor Dirk Brinkman Columns Contributing Writers John Betts, Kevin D. Bladon, Jeremy Boyd, Andrew Fedora, Garth Greskiw, 4 Editorial Audrey Harvey, Richard Krygier, Ken Mayhew, Steve Mueller,Columns Bill Murphy, Uldris Silins, Alex Woods 5 Forest Health Canadian Silviculture is published four times a year by EMC Executive Marketing 16 WSCA Report Consultants Inc., 6058 187A Street, Surrey, BC V3S 7R6. Phone 604-574-4577 Fax 604-574-2196 Ontario Report Email [email protected] 17 www.canadiansilviculture.com 18 Quebec Report Copyright Canadian Silviculture Association Subscription rates: 4 issues per year - $30.00 & GST 20 PEI Report PUBLICATIONS MAIL AGREEMENT NO. 40026059 RETURN UNDELIVERABLE CANADIAN ADDRESSES TO CIRCULATION DEPT EMC PUBLICATIONS 21 Nova Scotia Report 6058 187A ST SURREY BC V3S 7R6 Focus on Safety email: [email protected] 27 Linking Silviculture to Watershed Management by Kevin D. Bladon and Uldis Silins photos by Uldis Silins 6 Canadian Silviculture August 2008 2008 Public perception of the importance of both water quantity and quality originating from forested regions of Canada has steadily increased in the past decades.
    [Show full text]
  • In Brief Climate Change and Water
    In Brief Climate Change and Water S u s d s e Perspectives from the Forest Service ta h i s ni r ng ate Freshwater availability is an increasing concern across the globe and it may be the most important natural resource issue Healthy W of the century. Climate change and its effects on water are expected to intensify freshwater scarcity and conflict. A Forest Service forthcoming Forest Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture report will highlight the importance of managing forests to provide clean, abundant water. The report will explore likely impacts of climate change on the Nation’s forested watersheds and describe how natural resource managers can incorporate a climate change perspective into watershed stewardship. The cleanest water flows from healthy, forested Climate change will impact the ability of the Nation’s watersheds. forests to provide water and other critical watershed services. Warming over the past several decades has funda- Of the many ecosystem services provided by forests, water- mentally altered the hydrologic cycle, and these changes are shed services are among the most valuable. Healthy forests percolating through our watersheds (see illustration below). capture and store water, naturally regulate streamflows and Snowpacks are shrinking and stream temperatures will likely water quality, reduce flood and storm damage, control increase. Precipitation patterns may change, and floods, erosion, and replenish ground water. High- droughts, and severe weather disturbances may become elevation forests protect and enhance our more common. water supplies downstream. Forests in the Climate change is hydrologic change. United States provide Forests provide nearly two-thirds of drinking water to more the freshwater in the 48 conterminous Water supplies stored as snow cover in high-elevation forests are particularly vulnerable to climate change and are pro- than 180 million States—water that fills our rivers, lakes, and streams; jected to decline over the course of the century.
    [Show full text]
  • A Quick Guide to Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters, April 2013
    A QUICK GUIDE to Developing Watershed Plans to Restore and Protect Our Waters Disclaimer This document provides guidance to states, territories, authorized tribes, local governments, watershed organizations, and the public regarding technical tools and sources of information for developing watershed-based plans to improve and protect water quality. The document refers to statutory and regulatory provisions that contain legally binding requirements. The document does not substitute for those provisions or regulations, nor is it a regulation itself. Thus, it does not impose legally binding requirements on EPA, states, territories, authorized tribes, local governments, watershed organizations, or the public and might not apply to a particular situation based upon the circumstances. EPA, state, territory, local government, and authorized tribe decision makers retain the discretion to adopt approaches on a case-by-case basis that differ from this guidance. The use of nonmandatory words like should, could, would, may, might, recommend, encourage, expect, and can in this guidance means solely that something is suggested or recommended; it does not mean that the suggestion or recommendation is legally required, that it imposes legally binding requirements, or that following the suggestion or recommendation necessarily creates an expectation of EPA approval. Interested parties are free to raise questions and objections about the appropriateness of the application of the guidance to a situation, and EPA will consider whether the recommendations in this guidance are appropriate in that situation. EPA might change this guidance in the future. A Quick Guide to Watershed Management was prepared by Tetra Tech, Inc., under a contract with EPA. This guide was developed with input from federal, state, and local watershed practitioners and outreach experts.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Nile Basin Initiative Balancing Historical Rights, National Needs and Regional Interests
    Understanding the Nile Basin Initiative Balancing historical rights, national needs and regional interests By Hanne Knaepen and Bruce Byiers* This background paper is part of a series on the Political Economy Dynamics of Regional Organisations (PEDRO). It was prepared in March 2017. In line with ECDPM's mission to inform and facilitate EU-Africa policy dialogue, and financed by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development, BMZ, the studies analyse key policy areas of seventeen regional organisations in Sub-Saharan Africa. In doing so they address three broad questions: What is the political traction of the organisations around different policy areas? What are the key member state interests in the regional agenda? What are the areas with most future traction for regional organisations to promote cooperation and integration around specific areas? The studies aim to advance thinking on how regional policies play out in practice, and ways to promote politically feasible and adaptive approaches to regional cooperation and integration. Further information can be found at www.ecdpm.org/pedro. * Author contact: Hanne Knaepen ([email protected]). Project team leader: Bruce Byiers ([email protected]). 1 Table of Contents List of Acronyms 3 1. Introduction 4 2. On “assessing the political traction of regional organisations” 5 2.1. Structural and institutional drivers and obstacles 5 2.2. Expanding agenda and implementation challenges 8 2.3. Finance, external drivers and blockers 11 3. On the “political interests” of member states 14 4. On
    [Show full text]
  • Water Sharing in the Nile River Valley
    PROJECT GNV011 : USING GIS/REMOTE SENSING FOR THE SUSTAINABLE USE OF NATURAL RESOURCES Water Sharing in the Nile River Valley Diana Rizzolio Karyabwite UNEP/DEWA/GRID -Geneva January -March 1999 January-June 2000 Water Sharing in the Nile River Valley ABSTRACT The issue of freshwater is one of highest priority for the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP). The Nile Basin by its size, political divisions and history constitutes a major freshwater-related environmental resource and focus of attention. UNEP/DEWA/GRID-Geneva initiated several case studies stressing a river basin approach to the integrated and sustainable management of freshwater resources. In 1998 GRID-Geneva started a project on Water Sharing in the Nile River Basin. The Nile Valley project was set up to prepare an experimental methodology to identify the potential water-related issues in a watershed. The first stage of the project consisted of the compilation of available geoferenced data sets for the Nile valley region to be used as inputs for water bala nce modelling; and led to the elaboration of a first report1. Available georeferenced data sets have been stored in Arc/Info-ArcView. They serve as inputs for water balance modelling. General data on transboundary water sharing and on the Nile River Basin were also collected. Several international projects operating in the Nile River Valley are oriented towards Nile Basin water management, using GIS and remote sensing techniques. Therefore any continuation of the GRID- Geneva Nile River project should be linked with and integrated into one of these successful field programmes. 1 Booth J., Jaquet J.-M., December 1998.
    [Show full text]