The First Fort Laramie Treaty
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Makȟóčhe Wašté, the Beautiful Country: an Indigenous
MAKȞÓČHE WAŠTÉ, THE BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY: AN INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPE PERSPECTIVE A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the North Dakota State University of Agriculture and Applied Science By Dakota Wind Goodhouse In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major Department: History, Philosophy, and Religious Studies October 2019 Fargo, North Dakota North Dakota State University Graduate School Title MAKȞÓČHE WAŠTÉ, THE BEAUTIFUL COUNTRY: AN INDIGENOUS LANDSCAPE PERSPECTIVE By Dakota Wind Goodhouse The Supervisory Committee certifies that this disquisition complies with North Dakota State University’s regulations and meets the accepted standards for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS SUPERVISORY COMMITTEE: Thomas D. Isern Chair John K. Cox Kelly Sassi Clifford Canku Approved: 10/21/2019 Mark Harvey Date Department Chair ABSTRACT The Očhéthi Šakówiŋ (Seven Council Fires; “Great Sioux Nation”) occupied an area from the woodlands to the Great Plains. The landscape and the wind influenced their language and culture in a way that suggests a long occupation. Major landmarks like Ȟesápa (Black Hills), Matȟó Thípila (Bear Lodge; “Devils Tower”), Pahá Makȟáska (White Earth Butte; White Butte, ND), and Oǧúǧa Owápi (Images Burned Into The Stone; Jeffers Petroglyphs, MN) were woven into the cultural identity of the Očhéthi Šakówiŋ. The pictographic record, traditional song, and oral tradition recall events like first contact with the horse at the Čhaŋsáŋsaŋ Ožáte (White Birch Fork), or the James River-Missouri River confluence in C.E. 1692. The historical pictographic record, oral tradition, and occupation will be examined in this paper to support the idea that Očhéthi Šakówiŋ have a cultural occupation of the Great Plains that long predates the European record. -
The Beginning of the End the Indian Peace Commission of 1867~1868
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Great Plains Quarterly Great Plains Studies, Center for Winter 2002 The Beginning Of The End The Indian Peace Commission Of 1867~1868 Kerry R. Oman Southern Methodist University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly Part of the Other International and Area Studies Commons Oman, Kerry R., "The Beginning Of The End The Indian Peace Commission Of 1867~1868" (2002). Great Plains Quarterly. 2353. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/greatplainsquarterly/2353 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Great Plains Studies, Center for at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Great Plains Quarterly by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. THE BEGINNING OF THE END THE INDIAN PEACE COMMISSION OF 1867~1868 KERRY R. OMAN In 1867, in an effort to avoid the high costs of Miniconjou, Yanktonai, Hunkpapa, Blackfeet, war and protect overland transportation Cuthead, Two Kettle, Sans Arc, and Santee routes, Congress passed a bill authorizing a bands of Lakota Sioux. Their efforts helped commission to establish peace with the Plains end Red Cloud's War upon the Northern Indians. In less than two years, what proved to Plains, and, as a result of their reports and be the last major commission sent out by the recommendations, they greatly influenced fed government to treat with the Indians met and eral Indian -
The Civil War & the Northern Plains: a Sesquicentennial Observance
Papers of the Forty-Third Annual DAKOTA CONFERENCE A National Conference on the Northern Plains “The Civil War & The Northern Plains: A Sesquicentennial Observance” Augustana College Sioux Falls, South Dakota April 29-30, 2011 Complied by Kristi Thomas and Harry F. Thompson Major funding for the Forty-Third Annual Dakota Conference was provided by Loren and Mavis Amundson CWS Endowment/SFACF, Deadwood Historic Preservation Commission, Tony and Anne Haga, Carol Rae Hansen, Andrew Gilmour and Grace Hansen-Gilmour, Carol M. Mashek, Elaine Nelson McIntosh, Mellon Fund Committee of Augustana College, Rex Myers and Susan Richards, Rollyn H. Samp in Honor of Ardyce Samp, Roger and Shirley Schuller in Honor of Matthew Schuller, Jerry and Gail Simmons, Robert and Sharon Steensma, Blair and Linda Tremere, Richard and Michelle Van Demark, Jamie and Penny Volin, and the Center for Western Studies. The Center for Western Studies Augustana College 2011 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface ........................................................................................................................................................... v Anderberg, Kat Sailing Across a Sea of Grass: Ecological Restoration and Conservation on the Great Plains ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Anderson, Grant Sons of Dixie Defend Dakota .......................................................................................................... 13 Benson, Bob The -
CUSTER BATTLEFIELD National Monument Montana (Now Little Bighorn Battlefield)
CUSTER BATTLEFIELD National Monument Montana (now Little Bighorn Battlefield) by Robert M. Utley National Park Service Historical Handbook Series No. 1 Washington, D.C. 1969 Contents a. A CUSTER PROFILE b. CUSTER'S LAST STAND 1. Campaign of 1876 2. Indian Movements 3. Plan of Action 4. March to the Little Bighorn 5. Reno Attacks 6. The Annihilation of Custer 7. Reno Besieged 8. Rescue 9. Collapse of the Sioux 10. Custer Battlefield Today 11. Campaign Maps c. APPENDIXES I. Officers of the 7th Cavalry at the Battle of the Little Bighorn II. Low Dog's Account of the Battle III. Gall's Account of the Battle IV. A Participant's Account of Major Reno's Battle d. CUSTER'S LAST CAMPAIGN: A PHOTOGRAPHIC ESSAY e. THE ART AND THE ARTIST f. ADMINISTRATION For additional information, visit the Web site for Little Bighorn Battlefield National Monument or view their Official National Park Handbook (#132): Historical Handbook Number One 1969 The publication of this handbook was made possible by a grant from the Custer Battlefield Historical and Museum Association, Inc. This publication is one of a series of handbooks describing the historical and archeological areas in the National Park System administered by the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Price lists of Park Service publications sold by the Government Printing Office may be obtained from the Superintendent of Documents, Washington, D.C. 20402. The National Park System, of which Custer Battlefield National Monument is a unit, is dedicated to conserving the scenic, scientific, and historic heritage of the United States for the benefit and enjoyment of its people. -
Government Relations with the Dakota Sioux (1851--1876)
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 1937 Government relations with the Dakota Sioux (1851--1876) Kenneth Burton Moore The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Moore, Kenneth Burton, "Government relations with the Dakota Sioux (1851--1876)" (1937). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 2468. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/2468 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ,}0VZR::::E::Tr z i a t i c r s z i t r zizz d a ::c t a s i c ;;x (i 251-ic.7g ) by leimeth Zurton Roore S., Montana State Colle~e, 133% Presented in partial fulfillment of the re quirement for the decree of Master of Arts. State University of Montana 1937 Approved: hairr.ian of Moari of Eicaniners, Chairman of Committee on Graduate Study. UMI Number: EP35019 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. -
The 1874 Black Hills Expedition Diary of Ered W. Power
Copyright © 1998 by the South Dakota State Historical Society. All Rights Reserved. "Distance Lends Enchantment to the View": The 1874 Black Hills Expedition Diary of Ered W. Power edited bv Thomas R. Buecker On 2 July 1874, a large military expedition of nearly one thousand soldiers, Indian scouts, teamsters, and attached civilians left Fort Abraham- Lincoln, near Bis- marck, Dakota Territory. During the next sixty days, this impressive cavalcade led by Lieutenant Colonel George A. Custer successfully explored the Black Hills, a mysterious region that had long been the subject of rumor and spec- ulation. Despite the large number of people who marched with the 1874 Black Hills Expedition, remarkably few left personal recordings. While the official reporis and accounts of the newspaper correspondents accompanying the expedition have been widely available to researchers, few reminis- cences and diaries are known to survive. One rare exam- ple is the heretofore unpublished diary of correspondefit Fred W. Power. A welcome addition to the scant literature of the 1874 Expedition, Power's diary offers significant insights into this monumental event of Northern Great Plains history.^ 1. Standard .sources on the Ití74 Black Hilts Expedition include John M. Carroll and Lawrence A. Frost, eds.. Pnvate 'Ihmdore Ewerl's Diiiry of the fiUick Hills Expedition of 1874 (Piscataway. N.J.: CRI Btxjks, 1976); Lawrence K. Frost, ed., With Cuskr in '74. James Cai- Copyright © 1998 by the South Dakota State Historical Society. All Rights Reserved. 198 South Dakota History Vol. 27, no. 4 Although goi'emtnent explorers had skirted the periph- ery of the Black Hills, none until the 1874 expedition had penetrated the region's interior First Lieutenant Gouverneur K. -
NORTH DAKOTA HISTORY JOURNAL of the NORTHERN PLAINS Cumulative Index, 1945-1998
NORTH DAKOTA HISTORY JOURNAL OF THE NORTHERN PLAINS Cumulative Index, 1945-1998 Indexed and compiled by Janet Daley and Ann M. Rathke Edited by Janet Daley State Historical Society of North Dakota Bismarck, North Dakota 2000 Back issues of many issues of North Dakota History: Journal of the Northern Plains are available for purchase. Please check our web site: www.state.nd.us/hist or, for current price list, write to: State Historical Society of North Dakota 612 East Boulevard Avenue Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 Daley, Janet (Janet F.) North Dakota history, journal of the Northern Plains : cumulative index, 1945-1998 / indexed and compiled by Janet Daley and Ann M. Rathke ; edited by Janet Daley. - Bismarck, N.D. : State Historical Society of North Dakota, 2000. vii, 105 p. ; 28 cm. ISBN 1-891419-19-6 1. North Dakota-History-Periodicals-Indexes. 2. North Dakota history-Indexes. I. Rathke, Ann M. II. State Historical Society of North Dakota. III. North Dakota history. North Dakota History: Journal of the Northern Plains Cumulative Index, 1945-1998 © 2000 by State Historical Society of North Dakota, Bismarck, North Dakota 58505 All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN 1-891419-19-6 Cover design: Brian R. Austin Cover photograph: Francine Fiske (1921-1983) is pictured setting type for the Sioux County Pioneer Arrow. She was the daughter of the well-known photographer and journalist Frank B. Fiske, who ran the paper from 1929 to 1939. From the photo collections of the State Historical Society of North Dakota, Frank Fiske Collection #64. ii Preface The publication of this index, covering the first fifty-four years of the State Historical Society of North Dakota’s quarterly journal, North Dakota History, has been long-awaited by historians, researchers, and interested readers. -
Chief Gall and Chief John Grass: Cultural Mediators Or Sellouts?
University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2001 Chief Gall and Chief John Grass: Cultural mediators or sellouts? James R. Frank The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Frank, James R., "Chief Gall and Chief John Grass: Cultural mediators or sellouts?" (2001). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 5378. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/5378 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Maureen and Mike MANSFIELD LIBRARY The University of Montana Permission is granted by the author to reproduce this material in its entirety, provided that this material is used for scholarly purposes and is properly cited in published works and reports. **Please check "Yes" or "No" and provide signature** Yes, I grant permission No, I do not grant permission Author’s Signature: ^ p (v\NgA Date: cS^OQ ( Any copying for commercial purposes or financial gain may be undertaken only with the author’s explicit consent. 8/98 Chief Gall and Chief John Grass: Cultural Mediators or Sellouts? by Janies R. Frank, Jr. B.Sc. North Dakota State University, 1995 presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts July 2001 Approved by: Dean, Graduate School 1 - 2 3 -o < Date UMI Number: EP40842 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. -
Westward by Indian Treaty: the Upper Missouri Example
Nebraska History posts materials online for your personal use. Please remember that the contents of Nebraska History are copyrighted by the Nebraska State Historical Society (except for materials credited to other institutions). The NSHS retains its copyrights even to materials it posts on the web. For permission to re-use materials or for photo ordering information, please see: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/magazine/permission.htm Nebraska State Historical Society members receive four issues of Nebraska History and four issues of Nebraska History News annually. For membership information, see: http://nebraskahistory.org/admin/members/index.htm Article Title: Westward by Indian Treaty: The Upper Missouri Example Full Citation: Michael A Sievers, “Westward by Indian Treaty: The Upper Missouri Example,” Nebraska History 56 (1975): 77-107. URL of article: http://www.nebraskahistory.org/publish/publicat/history/full-text/NH1975IndianTreaty.pdf Date: 8/25/2015 Article Summary: Despite the efforts of many to formulate agreements with the Native Americans, the Northwest Treaty Commission and the Army both failed to bring about a lasting peace on the Northern Plains. Their efforts to change the Indian way of life were unreasonable by today’s standards, seeking to force them onto agricultural reservations. The tumultuous story is told here along with a comparison of the various treaties. Cataloging Information: Names: Alfred Sully, Little Crow, Henry Hastings Sibley, Moses K Armstrong, William Jayne, James G Blunt, J B Hoffman, Charles E Galpin, -
DAKOTA RESOURCES | the Sitting Bull Surrender Census, Standing
Copyright © 2010 by the South Dakota State Historical Society. All Rights Reserved. EPHRIAM D. DICKSON III Dakota Resources The Sitting Bull Surrender Census, Standing Rock Agency, 1881 During 1880 and 1881, Sitting Bull, his family, and members of the bands associated with him returned to the United States after a long exile in Canada, where they had taken refuge following the Great Sioux War of 1876–1877. Surrendering at Forts Buford and Keogh, they were trans- ported down the Missouri River to the Standing Rock Agency near their former homelands. There, a census taker visited the lodge of the famous Hunkpapa leader. Speaking fluent Lakota, the enumerator re- corded the name of each woman and child in Sitting Bull’s family, as well as their age, sex, and relationship to the household head. The cen- sus taker even noted how many dogs the family owned (they had two) and the approximate number of buffalo and deer they had successfully hunted in the past year (he reported 150 deer and 300 buffalo). For Sitting Bull and other Lakota leaders, the census enumeration was a new experience, one of many strange and often intrusive bureaucratic processes the Hunkpapas endured as they settled into reservation life. For officials in the Office of Indian Affairs, the census was an important administrative document, one that over time became a powerful tool in their ongoing effort to transform American Indian identities and communities. Today, early reservation records such as censuses, annuity rolls, and issue lists provide historians a rare glimpse of American Indian com- munities as they existed on the threshold of tremendous change. -
Sitting Bull: Resistance and Submission in His Life
Masaryk University Faculty of Arts Department of English and American Studies English Language and Literature Eva Sklenářová Sitting Bull: Resistance and Submission in His Life Master‟s Diploma Thesis Supervisor: Jeffrey Alan Vanderziel, B.A. 2009 I declare that I have worked on this thesis independently, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. Eva Sklenářová I would like to thank Jeffrey Alan Vanderziel, B.A. for providing me with valuable advice and resources. Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 1 Chapter One: Lakota ......................................................................................................... 4 Chapter Two: Sitting Bull ................................................................................................. 9 Chapter Three: Sitting Bull and the Lakotas in Contact with the Whites ....................... 15 Chapter Four: Resistance and Submission in Sitting Bull's Life .................................... 39 Chapter Five: Repeating Patterns and Tendencies of Resistance and Submission in Sitting Bull's Life ........................................................................................................ 69 Conclusion ...................................................................................................................... 77 Summary ........................................................................................................................ -
Sitting Bull and Other Lakota Leaders Took Their Followers North to Canada Iii
Living With Strangers The Nineteenth-Century Sioux and the Canadian-American Borderlands David G. McCrady B.A., University of Victoria, 1990 M.A., University of Victoria, 1992 A Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History - - BDavid Grant McCrady, 1998 University of Manitoba Al1 rights reserved. Thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. Acquisitions and Acquisitions et Bibliographie Services seMces bibliographiques 395 WeüiiStreet 395. nie Wellington OtoiwaON K1AW O~~W~ONKIAW canada canada The author has granted a non- L'auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive licence allowing the exclusive permettant à la National Libraty of Canada to BMiothèque nationale du Canada de reproduce, loan, distri%ute or sell reproduire, prêter, distribuer ou copies of this thesis in microform, vendre des copies de cette thèse sous paper or electronic formats. la forme de rnicrofïche/6lm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la propriété du copyright in this thesis. Neither the droit d'auteur qui protège cette thèse. thesis nor substantial extracts fiom it Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels may be printed or otherwise de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés reproduced without the author's ou autrement reproduits sans son permission. autorisation. FACULT'Y OF GWUAïESTtDIES *+++* COP'LRIGHT PERMISSION PAGE A Thesis/Prncticum sabmlmd to the Facuiw of Graduate Studies of The University of Manitoba in pareid fulfillment of the requirements of the degee of DOCTOB OF PHILOSOPBP David G.