PUBLICATIONS Space Weather COMMENTARY Ms. Hisako Koyama: From Amateur Astronomer 10.1002/2017SW001704 to Long-Term Solar Observer Key Points: Delores Knipp1,2 , Huixin Liu3 , and Hisashi Hayakawa4,5 • Ms. Hisako Koyama was a dedicated solar observer, and a long-serving staff 1Smead Aerospace Engineering Sciences Department, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA, 2High Altitude member of the National Museum of 3 Nature and Science, Tokyo Observatory, National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO, USA, Department of Earth and Planetary Science, 4 • She created a multidecadal record of Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan, Graduate School of Letters, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Japan, sunspots that serves as a backbone of 5Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan the recent sunspot number recalibration • We tell her little-known story so that Abstract The path to science for a girl of any nationality born in the early twentieth century was her contributions to science may be known formidable-to-nonexistent. Yet paths were forged by a few. We present the little-known story of one of Japan’s premier solar observers and her contribution to the world’s understanding of sunspots and space weather cycles. Ms. Hisako Koyama, born in Tokyo in 1916, became a passionate amateur astronomer, a dedicated solar observer, and a long-serving staff member of the National Museum of Nature and Science, Correspondence to: D. Knipp, Tokyo. As a writer for amateur astronomy journals she advised many on the details and joys of sky viewing.
[email protected] She created a consistent, extended record of sunspots.